Universities Face a Financial Emergency
Transcript of Universities Face a Financial Emergency
Higher Education Commission - Pakistan
January-February 2019
VCs’ Committee Meeting
Universities Face a Financial Emergency
P - 5
HEC Signs MoU with Shenzhen
University, China
P - 7
HEC, US Varsities Discuss Placement
of Pakistani Scholars
Australian University to Offer Fee
Waiver to Pakistani Students
P - 6
HEC to Set up Centre for Water
Resources in Balochistan
P - 6
P - 5
HEC Signs MoU with Shenzhen
University, China
Australian University to Offer Fee
Waiver to Pakistani Students
P - 6
P - 7
HEC, US Varsities Discuss Placement
of Pakistani Scholars
HEC to Set up Centre for Water
Resources in Balochistan
P - 6
P - 6P - 2
Publisher:Higher Education
Commission, Pakistan
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Graphic Designer
Raja Ahmad Nadeem
Reporter
Syed Muhammad Ittifaq
Editor
Aayesha Ikram
News & Views is published after
every two months. No part of this
publication may be reproduced in
any form without prior written
permission of the publisher.
The views expressed by authors in the art ic les are their sole responsibility and not of HEC. The Commission would like to thank all the institutions and individuals who contributed information and photographs for this Magazine.
Graphic Designer
Raja Ahmad Nadeem
Reporter
Syed Muhammad Ittifaq
Editor
Aayesha Ikram
News & Views is published after
every two months. No part of this
publication may be reproduced in
any form without prior written
permission of the publisher.
The views expressed by authors in the art ic les are their sole responsibility and not of HEC. The Commission would like to thank all the institutions and individuals who contributed information and photographs for this Magazine.
Australian
University to Offer
Fee Waiver to
Pakistani Students
Table of ContentsImagine Cup 2019 Launched
HEC to Set up Centre for Water Resources in
Balochistan
Australian University to Offer Fee Waiver to
Pakistani Students
Meeting of Steering Committee held at HEC
HEC, US Varsities Discuss Placement of
Pakistani Scholars
13 Pak-Turk Research Projects for Mobility
Grant Approved
Chairman HEC Visits IST
HEC Keen to Expand Ties with Belgian
Universities: Dr. Banuri
Steps to Alleviate Unemployment of PhDs
Pakistan to Explore Academic Links with
Jordan & Morocco
Universities Face a
Financial
Emergency
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HEC Signs MoU
with Shenzhen
University, China
Vice Chancellors’ Committee Meeting
Universities Face a Financial Emergency
Dr. Banuri told the Vice Chancellors that HEC has set up a committee to review the budgetary formula for distribution of government funding to each university.
Addressing the university heads,
Dr. Tariq Banuri, Chairman HEC,
assured them that he will
present their concerns to the
highest levels of federal as well
as provincial governments. He
said that HEC has set up a
committee to review the
budgetary formula for
distribution of government
funding to each university.
The Chairman also advised the
heads of universities to invest in
the efficiency and transparency
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Vice Chancellors and Rectors of
public sector universities say
that they face a financial
emergency because of budget
cuts in the past three years. In a
two-day huddle at the Higher
Education Commission (HEC),
the university heads met to
explore solutions to the financial
crisis.
Dr. Masoom Yasinzai, Chairman
Vice Chancellors Committee said
that the recurring budget of the
higher education sector is facing
a shortfall of Rs. 26.9 billion in
the current financial year. He
expressed the hope that the
current Government, a known
supporter of the education
sector, would help universities
come out of the crisis.
Since the last three years,
funding for universities has
failed to keep up with growing
enrollments. The crisis has been
exacerbated because of
legislated pay and pension
increases and demands from
newly established universities.
The quality of education has
suffered as a result, and
universities are finding it
impossible to meet pay and
pension obligations. The Vice
Chancellors expressed their
hope that government will
restore university funding for
the current fiscal year and
ensure that the projected
requirement of Rs. 103.55 billion
for the coming year (2019-20) is
satisfied.
They also asked the government
to ensure adequate funding for
the development budget of
universities.
of university operations as well
as in fundraising programs. He
announced that HEC was
preparing guidelines for a major
Dr. Yasinzai said
that the recurring
budget of the
higher education
sector is facing a
shortfall of Rs.
26.9 billion in the
financial year
(2019-20). fundraising drive for universities,
which will culminate in an
Education Week in December
2019. He asked universities to
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set a target of mobilising 20 per
cent of their revenue from non-
government and non-tuition
sources by 2022. Other issues
of the country. Specific actions
envisaged in this regard include
student and faculty exchanges
between different parts of the
discussed at the meeting
included the Vice Chancellors'
vision of harnessing university
resources for such national
objectives as the promotion of
national unity, development of
the knowledge economy, and
the projection of the soft power
country, admission of students
across provincial boundaries,
attracting foreign students as
well as faculty members to
Pakistan, and investing in the
capacity of university faculty to
undertake research on issues of
national and international
urgency. They asked HEC and
the government to remove
hurdles in this regard.
The Chairman apprised the
gathering of the importance of
resolving complaints received
through the PM's Grievance
Portal. “We must ensure that
there are zero escalated or
super-escalated complaints,” he
underlined.
The Vice Chancellors also
discussed other ongoing efforts,
including plans to establish a
National Academy for Higher
Education (NAHE), targeting
research programmes towards
concrete deliverables and
problem-solving, strengthening
college level education, and
building upon the success of the
Pakistan Education Research
Network (PERN) project.
Microsoft Pakistan and Higher
Education Commission (HEC)
recently launched Imagine Cup
2019 during a ceremony held at
the Commission Secretariat.
The ceremony also marked
signing of a Memorandum of
Understanding between HEC
and five universities for
collaboration in functioning of
HEC EduTV.
Dr. Tariq Banuri, Chairman HEC
graced the occasion as chief
guest. Lt. Gen. (Retd.)
Muhammad Asghar, Executive
Director HEC, Mr. Abid Zaidi,
Country Manager Microsoft, Mr.
Mike Yeah, Assistant General
Council, Microsoft, Middle East
and a number of Vice
Chancellors, faculty members
and students were also present.
Addressing the ceremony, Dr.
Banuri underlined that
imagination is the real essence
of education as well as human
life and spirit. He stressed that
imagination and curiosity play a
vital role in solving problems
Imagine Cup 2019 Launched
and the development and use of
technology is pivotal to
materialise imaginations. He
said the young minds of
Pakistan have a great potential
and imagination skills.
“We need your brain power to
solve our problems and
transform the challenges facing
our country into opportunities.
Imagine Cup provides youth
with education, exposure, and
networking opportunity.”
In his remarks, Mr. Abid Zaidi
said Microsoft strives to bring
the right set of tools and
technology towards the
students so that they can
change the world for the better.
He observed that Pakistani
students are the agents of
change and they need the right
set of tools to succeed. “As a
technology company, Microsoft
enables students to shape their
future.
Under Education Transformation
Agreement, HEC and Microsoft
work in partnership to enable
student-centric learning,
enhance education with
powerful software tools and
improve the efficiency of
education systems.”
On the occasion, HEC signed
Memorandum of Understanding
with Lahore Garrison University,
Shaheed Zulfiqat Ali Bhutto
Institute of Science and
Technology (SZABIST),
Islamabad, Sindh Madrasatul
Islam, Karachi, University of
Gujrat and Riphah University to
collaborate in functioning of
HEC EduTV.
HEC, Microsoft Collaboration
“Imagination enables mankind to design other possible worlds. Imagination is not about technology, it is all about the human beings.” Dr. Banuri
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NUST team ‘Fe Amaan’ was the winner of National Finals of Imagine Cup 2018.
A Memorandum of
Understanding (MoU) was
recently signed between
Shenzhen University (SZU),
China and Higher Education
Commission. Prof. Li Qingquan,
President, Shenzhen University
and Dr. Tariq Banuri, Chairman
HEC signed the agreement.
The two sides will deliberate on
award of fully funded SZU
scholarships for Pakistani
students at split PhD, doctoral
and post-doctoral levels, joint
research initiatives, faculty and
student exchanges, establishing
institutional linkages between
SZU and Pakistani universities
and status of Shenzhen
University to become a member
of Consortium established under
the umbrella of Chinese
Association of Higher Education
and HEC Pakistan.
Welcoming the SZU delegation,
Dr. Banuri appreciated the
University management for
providing opportunities to
Pakistani students to pursue
doctoral and post-doctoral
studies. He said that China is
one of Pakistan’s leading
partners in development of
higher education and that “we
wish to further strengthen this
relationship, particularly in the
context of China Pakistan
Economic Corridor. Since
different special economic zones
are planned to be established in
Pakistan under CPEC, we would
like to learn from SZU
Scholarships and Institutional Linkages
HEC Signs MoU with Shenzhen University, China
experience as how it became
instrumental for Shenzhen
Special Economic Zone.”
The Chairman also informed the
delegation about transnational
education policy of HEC in
which foreign universities are
welcome to start their campuses
and sub-campuses in Pakistan
and Pakistani universities are
also encouraged to start their
operations in foreign countries.
Prof. Qingquan expressed his
gratitude to HEC for inviting
them to Pakistan for discussion
on collaboration with Pakistani
universities. He said though SZU
has a short history of 40 years
but it has developed swiftly in
these years and is emerging in
world university rankings.
He said that our University is
situated in a newly built special
economic zone and has
achieved the status of fastest
rising university in China and
abroad.
“Among other things, we have
also focused on
internationalization of our
University including increased
collaborations with universities
worldwide and attracting more
students from other countries to
study at SZU. Likewise, we also
expect collaborations with
universities in Pakistan and more
students in our various
disciplines so they have a first-
hand experience of China’s
development,” the President
said.
“At present, 76 Pakistani
scholars are studying in our
University and we expect that
our recent visit would get us
young and talented pool of
Pakistani scholars,” he
emphasized.
Mr. Wasim Hashmi, Adviser
Human Resource Development,
HEC gave a presentation on
progress of Pakistan’s higher
education sector since
establishment of HEC in 2002.
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The Higher Education
Commission (HEC) will establish
a Centre for Water Resources in
Balochistan to take up research,
innovation and capacity building
in the field of Water Resources.
In this connection, HEC has
sought proposals from research
groups of HEC recognised
public and research-active
private universities and degree
awarding institutions in
Balochistan.
Other universities, organisations
HEC to Set up Centre for Water Resources in Balochistan
and development partners may
also collaborate with the
universities located in
Balochistan and submit joint
proposals for establishment of
the Centre.
The Centre will comprise a series
of affiliated laboratories at the
universities located in the
province and will be selected on
the basis of demonstrated
capability and track record of
accomplishments, a problem-
orientation – either locally or
regionally applicable – and
partnerships with leading
national institutions and private
sector players. The initiative is a
part of HEC’s efforts to
contribute to resolve the water
crisis prevailing in Balochistan.
Water scarcity has been a
serious problem facing different
areas of Balochistan.
The national water resources are
decreasing and reservoirs are
depleting with every passing
year. The situation demands
rigorous measures for
conservation of water resources.
Griffith University, Australia will
offer 100 per cent tuition fee
waiver to five Pakistani students
every year. This was announced
in a meeting of Ms. Margaret
Adamson, Australian High
Commissioner to Pakistan with
Dr. Tariq Banuri, Chairman HEC
during her visit to the
Commission Secretariat.
Dr. Banuri said HEC values its
partnership with Australian
higher education institutions
and welcomes Griffith University
to become part of this
partnership. He said that 10
Australian universities have
agreements with HEC and 160
Pakistani students are currently
enrolled in PhD programmes in
these institutions.
Australian University to Offer Fee Waiver to Pakistani Students
The Chairman said that
Pakistan’s priorities in higher
education include not only
Science, Technology,
Engineering, and Mathematics
disciplines but also Social
Sciences, Humanities and Arts.
Ms. Adamson said that Pakistan
and Australia have developed a
long-term partnership over
higher education which provides
an excellent opportunity for
collaboration in research as well
as short and long term training
programmes and capacity
building courses. The High
Commissioner was accompanied
by Prof. David Grant, Pro-Vice
Chancellor, Griffith Business
School and Mr. Peter Coleman,
Austrade Trade Commissioner.
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The second meeting of Steering
Committee for the Project
entitled Establishment of Sub-
Campuses of Public Sector
Universities at District Level
Phase-I was recently held at
Higher Education Commission
Secretariat, Islamabad.
Dr. Tariq Banuri, Chairman HEC
chaired the meeting that was
attended by representatives of
provincial higher education
departments and vice
Meeting of Steering Committee held at HEC
chancellors of the partner
universities. The Steering
Committee appreciated that 19
campuses have been established
in remote and less developed
districts and are imparting
quality education to students of
these areas.
The Committee also appreciated
the efforts of partner universities
for enrolling 3391 students in
these campuses setup in less
privileged areas of the country.
Sub-Campuses of Public Sector Universities at District Level
In addition to other decisions,
the Steering Committee
considered and approved
proposal for establishment of
University of Gujrat campus at
Mandi Bahauddin, Government
College University Faisalabad
campus at Haifzabad, and
Mehran University of
Engineering and Technology
Jamshoro campus at Jacobabad,
subject to fulfillment of all the
requirements and quality
indicators.
Talking to the delegation, Dr. Banuri appreciated
the support and cooperation of US universities in
promoting higher education and research culture
in Pakistan. Dr. Butt said the scholarships are
awarded to non-PhD faculty as well as students
who have 18 years of formal education.
HEC, US Varsities Discuss Placement of Pakistani Scholars
Admission Directors of 10 US universities recently
visited Higher Education Commission to discuss
possibilities of institutional agreements for
admission and placement of Pakistani scholars in
the US universities under the US-Pakistan
Knowledge Corridor.
The meeting was chaired by Dr. Tariq Banuri,
Chairman HEC. Dr. Mahmood-ul-Hassan Butt,
Consultant HEC, Mr. Tony Jones, Deputy Cultural
Affairs Attache, US Embassy, Islamabad were also
present on the occasion.
The meeting was held in collaboration with the US
Embassy and the United States Education
Foundation of Pakistan (USEFP).
New York University
Tandon School of Engineering
Ohio University
Indiana University, Bloomington
University of Colorado, Boulder
Boise State University
Florida International University
New York Institute of Technology
Youngstown State University
Kent State University
Kansas State University
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Dr. Tariq Banuri, Chairman HEC
recently visited the Institute of
Space Technology (IST),
Islamabad. The Chairman was
given a presentation about
ongoing projects related to
Climate and Environmental
Sciences in IST.
Chairman HEC Visits IST
He visited laboratories at IST,
inked his comments in the
visitor’s book and planted a tree
in IST premises.
While addressing the faculty and
students, Dr. Banuri underlined
the significance of quality,
leadership and governance for
promotion of innovation in
higher education institutions.
He urged the audience to find
innovative and sustainable
solutions to the problems our
society is facing.
The Higher Education
Commission (HEC), Pakistan and
the Council of Higher Education
(CoHE), Turkey have approved
13 joint projects under Phase-II
of Pak-Turk Researchers Mobility
Grant Programme to provide
mobility support to researchers.
The programme is one of the
outcome of Turkish-Pakistani
cooperation within the scope of
efforts for internationalisation of
higher education systems.
Under this programme, new
scientific and technological
cooperation between Turkish
and Pakistani higher education
institutions will be developed by
supporting mobility of graduate
students and academic staff.
Seventy applications were
received in the wake of the
second call for proposals under
the programme and 33 of them
met the eligibility criteria.
After due deliberations and
evaluations from experts, 13
applications were selected for
award of mobility grant jointly
by HEC and CoHE, Turkey.
The researchers have their
research domains in six priority
areas including Energy, Food,
Sustainable Environment
Technologies, Material Sciences,
Smart Transportation Systems,
and Robots and Smart Systems.
13 Pak-Turk Research Projects for Mobility Grant Approved
The successful researchers
belong to University of
Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan
Institute of Engineering and
Applied Sciences, University of
the Punjab, Lahore, Balochistan
University of Information
Technology, Engineering and
Management Sciences, Quetta,
Government College University,
Faisalabad, University of
Engineering and Technology,
Lahore, University of
Engineering and Technology,
Peshawar, Lahore College for
Women University, University of
Peshawar, University of
Sargodha, COMSATS University,
Islamabad, and Islamia College
University, Peshawar.
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The Higher Education
Commission (HEC) is keen to
strengthen academic relations
between Pakistan and Belgian
higher education institutions.
This was stated by Dr. Tariq
Banuri, Chairman HEC while
talking to a delegation of
Hasselt University, Belgium
headed by Prof. Jean-Michl Rigo,
Vice Rector Research.
Dr. Banuri appreciated the
support extended by Hasselt
University in areas like
Transportation Engineering. “We
value our collaboration with
partner countries in the under-
served and neglected areas.” He
HEC Keen to Expand Ties with Belgian Universities: Dr. Banuri
informed the delegation that
HEC is committed to
maintaining its focus on quality
and socio-economic relevance
of higher education.
Prof. Rigo said 25 Pakistani
scholars are enrolled in various
disciplines in Hasselt University,
while three of them have
completed PhD. He said the
University seeks to set up a
research centre on
Transportation Sciences at NUST.
Prof. Rigo informed the
Chairman that Hasselt University
runs a three-year PhD
programme under which
scholars of different countries
spend three months in the
University while pursuing studies
in their home country.
“So far 50 scholars of different
countries have completed their
PhD under this initiative”, he
underlined.
Mr. Wasim S. Hashmi Syed,
Adviser Human Resource
Development, HEC highlighted
the Executive PhD Programme
under which Pakistanis working
on managerial positions at
various organisations will be
sent to Belgium for a specific
period during their PhD studies.
The Higher Education
Commission (HEC) will soon
establish a consolidated
academic jobs portal to improve
employability of unemployed
PhDs in universities.
This was decided in a meeting
chaired by Dr. Tariq Banuri,
Chairman HEC, at the
Steps to Alleviate Unemployment of PhDsCommission Secretariat. The
meeting was attended by Lt.
Gen. (Retd.) Muhammad Asghar,
Executive Director HEC and
heads of Human Resource
Development, Research and
Development, Planning and
Development, Accreditation and
Attestation, and Administration
and Coordination Divisions.
The proposals submitted by
representative of the
Association of Unemployed
PhDs were deliberated upon at
length, and decisions were
made on certain
recommendations to ease out
the situation.
The decisions include
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establishment of committees to
review the issue of induction of
visiting faculty in universities
and develop guidelines to curb
the tendency of deferring
employment of regular faculty,
and undertaking analysis of
student-teacher ratio to firm up
guidelines for professional and
other educational degree
programmes.
It was reiterated that HEC has
already restrained PhD
scholarships in those disciplines
wherein PhDs are abundant.
Likewise, universities have been
advised not to launch new PhD
programmes in those areas.
It was agreed to undertake a
focused study on employability
of different disciplines and
identification of national future
needs besides introducing an
exclusive Research Grant
Scheme for unemployed PhDs.
Recently, Shaheed Benazir
Bhutto University, Benazirabad
agreed to induct 22 PhDs out of
105 unemployed PhDs whose
list was shared with the
University.
Pakistan to Explore Academic Links with Jordan & Morocco
Mr. Ibrahim Almadani,
Ambassador of Jordan to
Pakistan called on Dr. Tariq
Banuri, Chairman HEC at the
Commission Secretariat.
Dr. Banuri said HEC facilitates
and funds higher education
institutions so they can
contribute to the country’s
socio-economic development.
The Ambassador said relations
between Pakistan and Jordan can
further be strengthened through
collaboration and academic
linkages. He mentioned that 220
Jordanian students study in
Pakistani institutions.
The Chairman hoped that future
will witness strong academic and
research bonds among OIC
member states.
Similarly, in his meeting with
Mohammed Karmoune,
Ambassador of Morocco to
Pakistan. The Chairman stressed
that Pakistan will take measures
to develop academic relations
with Morocco in order to
promote higher education
between higher education
institutions of both the countries.
The Ambassador said that
Pakistan and Morocco enjoy
friendly relations and there are a
number of areas, including
education, which can help
further strengthen the bilateral
relations.
Dr. Banuri, who also has the
additional charge of Coordinator
General COMSTECH, emphasised
on endeavours to embark upon
programmes for promotion of
science and technology among
OIC member countries. He said
HEC has active interaction with
ISESCO, Rabat which need to be
further mobilised to boost
bilateral academic relations.
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The Lahore University of
Management Sciences (LUMS) threcently organised its 19
Advisory Board Meeting of Syed
Babar Ali School of Science and
Engineering (SBASSE) with the
aim to discuss strategic planning
for the next 10 years.
Dr. Arshad Ahmad, Vice
Chancellor LUMS shared an
update on latest developments
at the University.
Dr. Shahid Masud, Dean SBASSE,
presented updates of the School
as well as a response to the last
year’s Advisory Board Report.
The Department Chairs of
SBASSE further shared the
vision, status and strategy of the
departments, their research and
achievements of the respective
faculty members and students.
The Advisory Board members
included Prof. James Lallou
Wescoat JR, Chairperson
Advisory Board SBASSE and MIT,
USA, Prof. Sally Merrick Benson,
Stanford University, USA, Prof.
Muhammad Hamid Zaman,
Boston University, USA, Prof.
Michael Gerard Pecht, University
of Maryland, USA, Dr. Hassan
Masud Ahmed, Chairman, Sonus
Networks, USA, Dr. Dara
Entekhabi, MIT USA, Dr. Khaled
Letaief, Hong Kong University of
Science and Technology, China
and Dr. Khurram Afridi, Cornell
University, USA.
The Advisory Board Members
met the Deans of each School as
well as the faculty, students and
staff to get a sense of the
opportunities and challenges
facing the School.
thLUMS - 19 Advisory Board Meeting of SBASSE
The Higher Education
Commission and Microsoft
jointly held regional level
competitions of Imagine Cup at
Sindh Madressatul Islam
University, Karachi, University of
Balochistan, Quetta, Shaheed
Zulfikar Ali Bhutto Institute of
Science and Technology,
Islamabad, and Lahore Garrison
University.
During these regional
competitions, over 300 teams
Live Coverage at HEC Edu TV
Imagine Cup Competitions held at Regional Level
presented their projects to
contribute in solving societal
problems. The competitions
were telecast live from
respective studios of Edu TV.
In the regional competitions,
judges from both academia and
industry evaluated teams’
deliverables submitted online on
the Imagine Cup portal using
the criterion listed in Imagine
Cup Competition Official Rules
and Regulations.
HEC and Microsoft are striving
to nurture innovation among
the youth of Pakistan through
Imagine Cup Competition.
A few shortlisted projects that
received evaluators’ attention
included Gloves for Blind, Your
Intelligent Health Assistant,
Wave Therapeutic Device, Food-
e-Nose, Menerva, NeoVital,
Muawin, A-Therapy,
Transmissions Line Inspection,
Without Water, and Electro-X.
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The University of Veterinary and
Animal Sciences (UVAS) Lahore in
collaboration with the Livestock
and Dairy Development
Department Punjab and Ostrich
Association of Pakistan recently
initiated sale of ostrich meat at
UVAS Meat Outlet.
UVAS Outlet Inaugurates Ostrich Meat Sale
A delegation from School of
Advanced International Studies,
Johns Hopkins University, USA
led by Dr. Jashua T. White,
Associate Professor, Practice of
South Asia Studies recently
called on Dr. Talat Naseer
Johns Hopkins University Delegation Visits UVAS
Sardar Husnain Bahadur
Dareshak, Punjab Minister for
Livestock and Dairy Development
along with Dr. Talat Naseer
Pasha, Vice Chancellor UVAS, Mr.
Raja Tahir Latif, President, Ostrich
Association of Pakistan and Dr.
Muhammad Hayat Jaspal,
Associate Professor, UVAS
Department of Meat Science and
Technology inaugurated the sale
of ostrich meat.
Speaking on the occasion, the
Minister said that for profitability
of ostrich farming community
and development of ostrich
farming in Punjab, the Provincial
Government has allowed sale of
ostrich meat during meat-off
days (Tuesday and Wednesday)
on a regular basis. He said that
ostrich meat will also be available
for sale in private butcher shops
and other departmental stores all
over Punjab during these days.
Dr. Talat Naseer Pasha said that
aim of this project was to
connect consumers with farmers
to provide easy access to market.
Pasha, Vice Chancellor,
University of Veterinary and
Animal Sciences (UVAS), Lahore.
The meeting discussed how
UVAS can be facilitated in R&D
on key areas of energy
provision, rural development,
livestock and climate change.
The delegation also discussed
disease diagnostic system in
livestock sector, socio
economic goals and energy
crises.
The University of Central Asia
(UoCA), Kyrgyzstan and
Karakorum International
University (KIU), Gilgit Baltistan
will work together to organise
faculty development
programmes, conduct mountain
UoCA, KIU Join Hands for Faculty Developmentfocused research and faculty
and student exchanges. This was
decided in a recent meeting
between Dr. Attuallah Shah, Vice
Chancellor KIU and Mr. Kasim
Shams Lakha, Chairman Board
of Trustees, UoCA in Islamabad.
It was decided that both the
institutions would also work to
develop student exchange and
internship programmes, in
addition to faculty exchanges
every year for better exposure
and experience of the faculty.
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Mr. Shafqat Mahmood, Minister for Federal
Education and Professional Training recently
inaugurated Al-Farabi Research Complex at
International Islamic University (IIU), Islamabad.
The Research Complex is comprised of three
centres including, Business Incubation Centre,
Centre for Advanced Electronics and Photovoltaic
Engineering, and Sulaiman Bin Abdullah Aba Al-
Khail Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic
Science.
Education Minister Opens Research Complex at IIU
Speaking at the occasion, the Minister said that
prime focus of the Government is to utilise
energies of youth. “It is among our top priorities to
not only educate the youth but also provide them
skills required by the industry.”
Dr. Masoom Yasinzai, Rector IIU said that it is time
to bring experts of various disciplines together to
find solutions our society is facing. “We must find
indigenous solutions to indigenous problems,” he
added.
The launching ceremony of the book entitled
“Fundamentals of Islamic Economics and Finance”
authored by Dr. Atiq uz Zafar, Director General,
International Institute of Islamic Economics and Dr.
Hafiz Muhammad Yasin, a Professor of Economics,
was recently held at International Islamic University
(IIU), Islamabad.
The book was originally published by Islamic
Research and Training Institute (IRTI), a member of
the Islamic Development Bank Group in Jeddah,
Saudi Arabia in 2016, and the low-priced edition of
this pioneering work has now been published by
the Institute of Policy Studies, Islamabad under a
reprint arrangement exclusively for sale in South
Asia and South East Asia territory.
Dr. Qibla Ayaz, Chairman, Council of Islamic
Ideology (CII) was chief guest during the launching
ceremony.
Fundamentals of Islamic Economics & Finance Dr. Ayaz urged
policymakers in
Pakistan to exploit
huge potential
offered by the
discipline to foster
economic
development in the
country. He added
that evolving free
market economic
model was merely a
new shape of
capitalism and its study was only producing
workers to serve the model.
The framework offered by Islamic economics on
the other hand offered much better prospects to
cater for the issues that were left unaddressed by
the prevailing paradigm.
BOOK LAUNCH
The Higher Education Commission (HEC) and the
Intellectual Property Organisation (IPO) will jointly
establish a Technology Innovation Support Centre
(TISC) at Karakorum International University (KIU),
Gilgit Baltistan.
Establishment of TISC at KIUThe TISC would function under the supervision of
University’s Office of Research Innovation and
Commercialisation (ORIC) to enable its access to
patent as well as scientific and technical literature
databases.
13
A delegation of the National
Agricultural Education
Accreditation Council (NAEAC)
headed by Dr. Ishtiaq A.
Rajwana, Chairman NAEAC
recently visited University of
Agriculture, Faisalabad (UAF).
Talking to the delegation, Dr.
Zafar Iqbal Randhawa, Vice
Chancellor, UAF said that
professional education and
skilled labour are imperative to
fight challenges of modern era.
“There is a need to narrow down
the teacher-student ratio in the
educational institutions as it is
widening and deteriorating the
quality of education”, he said.
NAEAC Team Visits UAF
Dr. Rajwana said that mandate
of NAEAC is to implement a
comprehensive programme of
accreditation of agriculture
education degree programmes
based on policies, procedures,
and criteria setup by HEC to
assure high quality and standard
of education.
He said that modernisation of
agriculture production systems
and supply chain into high value
agriculture products is
fundamental for accelerated
agriculture growth, sustainable
food security, and reduction of
rural poverty.
Later, the delegation visited
University’s Faculty of Food,
Nutrition and Home Sciences
and held a meeting with Dr.
Masood Sadiq Butt, Dean Food
Sciences and Dr. Tahir Zahoor,
Director General, National
Institute of Food Sciences and
Technology.
The Department of Commerce, Government
College Women University, Faisalabad recently
organised a workshop, to discuss the tools and
techniques to publish research articles in high-
ranked journals.
On this occasion, Dr. Sofia Anwar, Vice Chancellor,
highlighted the importance of research for
society. Dr. Imran Qureshi, University of Kuala
Workshop on Research Tools
training session, Dr. Zafar Iqbal Randhawa, Vice
Chancellor UAF said that research quality, despite
enhanced facilities coupled with IT support, is
declining with passage of time in the country which
is one of the hurdles to fight challenges of modern
era.
He said that academicians and researchers are the
people who can transform society by bringing
innovative ideas, products and promoting the
culture of truth, hard work and honesty.
Workshop on Effective Management Tools
The Directorate of Academics, University of
Agriculture, Faisalabad (UAF) recently organised a
training session on Effective Management Tools in
which 90 PhD scholars took part. Addressing the
Lumpur, Malaysia was the guest speaker. Dr.
Qureshi spoke about different technical aspects of
research paper formation and its publication.
14
thThe Grand Finale of 5 sequel of
Isra Young Traders Challenge,
Virtual Trading Competition, was
recently held at Isra University,
Hyderabad. The event was
organised by Isra Economic and
Finance Society in collaboration
with JS Global Capital Limited
Hyderabad Branch.
In the finale, around 150
students of top 10 teams
presented trading strategies
employed during the online
stock trading competition. The
panel of judges comprised Mr.
Abdul Latif Memon, Branch
Manager, JS Global Limited,
Hyderabad, Mr. Ahsan Ali Sario,
Isra University Organises Virtual Trading Competition
Fund Manager, UBL Fund and
Dr. Vivake Anand, Assistant
Professor, Department of
Management Science, Isra
University.
The Finale concluded with
remarks of Dr. Hameedullah
Kazi, Pro-Vice Chancellor. He
emphasised on the continuity of
such events for students to build
their analytical skills, evaluating
stock market trend and running
various strategies to earn
profitability and gaining
experience by managing risk.
A one-day professional
development session on Conflict
Resolution was recently
arranged at the School of
Nursing, Isra University,
Hyderabad for students and
faculty members.
The purpose of this session was
to highlight importance of team
Session on Conflict Resolution in Isra University
work and time management
which are cornerstones for
progress of any institution.
The session contained various
exercises for teaching time
management, planning and
collaborative result-oriented
work in the context of conflict
resolution.
In continuation of professional
development programme, the
nursing faculty Ms. Noshee
Asghar and Ms. Sumia Jutt
attended a certification course
on Preparing Nurse Educators stfor 21 Century organised by
Liaquat National Institute for
Postgraduate Medical Studies
and Health Sciences, Karachi.
Shaheed Zulfikar Ali Bhutto
Institute of Science and
Technology (SZABIST) Islamabad
in collaboration with Zong
recently organised Thought
Leaders Forum on Risk
Forum on Risk Management Management in Financial Digital
World.
The aim of organising the
Forum was to look into
significance of financial digital
transformation, leading to new
age of financial systems. As the
economists and financial
advisors around the world are
extensively talking about going
digital to bring financial depth
15
and capitalise financial benefits
to uplift economic and financial
developments, the Forum
discussed challenges pertaining
to financial risks including
financial cybercrimes.
The participants discussed
adaptation of development of
risk information models, launch
of aggressive risk awareness
campaign, unleashing
institutional setting to uplift
competition based financial
developments in line with digital
financial landscape and
adapting digital change in the
context of risk management.
Likewise, SZABIST Islamabad in
collaboration with Securities and
Exchange Commission of
Pakistan (SECP) and Beta Risk
Management Corporation
organised another session of
thought leaders discussion
forum to discuss contemporary
issues, challenges and promising
opportunities pertinent to new
age of risk management.
The forum discussed important
aspects of risk management in
financial digital world, role of
SECP and corporate sector in
providing risk awareness and
risk mitigation, development of
risk informational and
management models.
The Centre of Excellence in Art
and Design (CEAD), Mehran
University of Engineering and
Technology (MUET), Jamshoro
recently organised an exhibition
to display models made from
junk and waste material.
Dr. Bhai Khan Shar, Director
CEAD and Dr. Muhammad Arif
Khan, Chairman Department of
Architecture, UET Lahore
inaugurated the exhibition. The
students prepared more than 60
projects of interior designing to
decorate homes, offices and
other working places.
All models were made from
waste material like ice-cream
Architects Display Interior Design Models Made from Waste
sticks, bottle caps, CDs, car tires,
glasses, machines spare parts,
marriage cards, bicycle wheel,
lipstick stands, candle stand,
broken bangles, spoon, rubber,
newspapers, fused bulbs, body
spray and old calendars.
Addressing the inauguration
ceremony, Dr. Bhai Khan Shar
said that students deserve full
appreciation for proving the
idea that nothing is wasted in
this universe.
He further said that this type of
performance is not only a model
display but it has a deep
message regarding importance
of tiny things present around us.
The Centre of Excellence in
Molecular Biology (CEMB),
University of the Punjab recently
organised a three-day
international symposium on
Advances in Molecular Biology
of Plants and Health Sciences.
Symposium on Advances in Molecular Biology Dr. Firdaus e Bareen, Dean Life
Sciences, University of the
Punjab inaugurated the
Symposium. Dr. Tayyab Husnain,
Director CEMB, Dr. Razi Abbas
Shamsi, Dr. Ikram ul Haq, faculty
members and scientists from
Japan, Malaysia, Turkey, Nigeria
and different institutions of
Pakistan were present on the
occasion. There were seven
sessions consisting of 30 oral
presentations and 38 poster
presentations.
16
Hailey College of Banking and
Finance (HCBF), University of the
Punjab recently organised a
seminar on Income Tax Return
and Wealth Statement under the
Income Tax Law to equip
students with firsthand
information on recent economic,
monetary and fiscal reforms
ongoing in the country.
Dr. Mubbsher Munawar Khan,
Principal, HCBF highlighted
HCBF Organises Tax Awareness Seminar importance of tax structure in
financing recurring and
developmental requirements of
the country.
He stressed upon the need to
remove public apprehensions
about tax structure, filing of
returns and tax brackets.
Mr. Nadeem Butt, a member of
Lahore Tax Bar Association and
Institute of Chartered
Accountants of Pakistan, briefed
the students on the mechanism
for becoming a filer and benefits
accruing to the filers as well as
consequences for being non-
filer.
A comparative study of the tax
regimes was also presented for
making the participants well-
acquainted with the hierarchy in
tax management and tax
structure.
As part of its effort to nurture
reading culture among students,
University of the Punjab Library
Book Club recently organised an
introductory talk on Ajay
Qayamat Nai Aye written by
Munnu Bhai and Farid-ud-Din
Attar’s The Conference of the
Birds translated by Afkham
Darbandi.
The introductory talk on Punjabi
poetry book of Munnu Bhai was
given by Dr. Ahmed Bilal,
Assistant Professor, College of
Talk on Munnu Bhai’s Book at PU Library Art and Design, University of the
Punjab. He presented theme of
the book carrying the humane
message of Munnu bhai
inspiring audience with the
depth of compassionate
thought of the writer.
Mr. Shahzeb Khan, Assistant
Professor, Department of English
introduced the second book.
He inspired the audience with
spiritual and self-actualization
theme of the book.
Speaking at the occasion, the
Chief Librarian Dr. Muhammad
Haroon Usmani said that main
purpose of such gatherings is to
kindle self-realisation process
among younger generation.
To establish collaborations and
talk about women’s progression
in Chemistry, the International
Centre for Chemical and
Biological Sciences (ICCBS),
University of Karachi recently
held the Global Women’s
Breakfast for women scholars at
different stages of their career.
The event was part of an
International Union of Pure and
Global Women’s Breakfast at ICCBS Applied Chemistry (IUPAC)
which aims to empower women
in Chemistry. It was also
associated with the International
Day of Women and Girls in
Science, established in 2015 by
UNESCO to empower women in
science and technology.
Highlighting the importance of
event, Dr. Muhammad Iqbal
Choudhary said that at the same
time this Global Women’s
Breakfast was being held in
many countries, adding that the
purpose is to address the
challenges women in Chemistry
are facing.
Breakfast was being held in
many countries, adding that the
purpose is to address the
challenges women in Chemistry
are facing.
17
Muhammad Nawaz Sharif
University of Agriculture, Multan
in collaboration with the
Biotechnology Research Institute
China and Bahauddin Zakariya
University, Multan recently
organised a two-day Sino-Pak
international conference on
Innovation in Cotton Breeding
and Biotechnology. Delegates
from China, Malaysia, Turkey
and Iran along with national
agriculture scientists attended
the conference.
Speaking on the occasion, Mr.
Hussain Jahania Gardezi,
Provincial Minister for
Management and Professional
Development underlined the
significance of cotton breeding
for country’s agro-based
economy.
Dr. Asif Ali, Vice Chancellor of
the host university, said that
Conference on Cotton Breeding and Biotechnology
Pakistan needs to benefit from
new technology and boost its
cotton production through
genetically developed seeds. He
said that objective of the
conference is to deliberate on
use of advanced Chinese
technology in Pakistan and
taking measures.
The conference concluded with
a set of recommendations
advising farmers not to cultivate
maize and sugar cane in cotton
growing zones in the country.
Delegates from home and
abroad also suggested that
farmers should not use
extensive pesticides because it
has led to increase in resistant
white fly bio-types which were
more efficient in begomorvirus
transmission.
They also suggested
development of mechanical
picking friendly varieties and
exploitation of potential inter-
specific cotton hybrids to
improve Cotton.
The Department of Islamic
Studies, Fatima Jinnah Women
University (FJWU) Rawalpindi
recently organised a seminar
entitled “Dukhtaraan-e-Pakistan
Envoy of Peace.”
Addressing as chief guest, Dr.
Fehmida Mirza, Federal Minister
for Inter-Provincial Coordination
said that educational institutions
provide platform to females to
make them believe in
themselves and use their power
to bring change in the society.
She said that our aim is to
FJWU Seminar on Role of Women empower women with the hope
that by empowering them it
would change dynamics of their
homes and communities, and
eventually lead to promotion of
peace and tolerance.
Dr. Qibla Ayaz, Chairman,
Council of Islamic Ideology (CII)
elaborated the journey of
Paigham-e-Pakistan. He said
that women are influencers and
change-makers in a society as
well as an integral part of a
sustainable nation-building
exercise. “Women constitute half
our population and therefore
have a significant role to play in
societal development,” he said.
Earlier in her welcome address,
Dr. Samina Amin Qadir, Vice
Chancellor FJWU said that
women are envoys of peace as
mothers, wives, sisters and
daughters in family settings and
as professionals in workplaces.
“They shape the values of
community members and are a
potential bearer of peaceful
messages in communities,” she
said.
18
Sindh Agriculture University (SAU) Tandojam
recently awarded 788 degrees to students of five thfaculties in its 11 convocation. On this occasion,
19 gold and 31 silver medals were also conferred
to top position holders.
Mr. Mohammad Ismail Rahu, Sindh Minister for
Agriculture, Supply and Prices urged agriculture
graduates to spread awareness among farmers
about cultivation of water-efficient crops and
conduct more research in this respect. He
congratulated students on securing degrees and
encouraged them to play a constructive role in
socio-economic development of the country.
Mr. Abdul Bari Pitafi, Sindh Minister for Livestock
and Fisheries emphasised on graduates to conduct
more research in their respective areas to help the
Sindh Government in raising exports in these areas.
Dr. Mujeeb Uddin Sahrai, Vice Chancellor SAU
requested the Minister for approval of another
girls’ hostel, adding that number of girl students is
increasing day by day and there is only one hostel
th11 Convocation of SAU Tandojam
which could not accommodate them all. He also
called for funds to establish a conservation centre
to save different livestock breeds.
The Vice Chancellor said that he had taken steps to
generate and increase income from internal
sources of the University and leased out mango
orchards for Rs93 million for two years as offered
by contractors in an open-bid competition. He said
that besides imparting education and undertaking
research, SAU organised about 200 outreach
training programmes for farmers and growers.
th9 Convocation of Indus UniversityIndus University, Karachi recently conferred 1031
degrees to undergraduates and graduates of the
Faculty of Engineering, Science and Technology,
Faculty of Management Science and Faculty of Art
thand Design in its 9 convocation. Mr. Toshikazu
Isomura, Consul General of Japan was the chief
guest who awarded 24 gold medals and 18 silver
medals to high achiever graduates.
The China Study Centre,
University of Peshawar recently
organised a 3-day international
conference on “CPEC:
Collaboration in Higher
Education and Sustainable
Development.”
During the conference,
development specialists from
Pakistan, China and the
developed world analysed the
project’s trajectories objectively
3-day conference on CPECto help reap opportunities and
address challenges.
The event aimed to explore
collaboration in higher
education between Pakistani
and Chinese universities,
deliberation over avenues of
strengthening joint research
projects, exchange of faculty
and students, learning
achievements of HEC Pakistan
and China Association of Higher
Education, assessing prognosis
of growth and sustainable
development through
connectivity and economic
cooperation under CPEC,
examining opportunities and
challenges to CPEC, evaluation
of prospects of integration of
regional countries under CPEC
and enhancing trade and
investment and scientific
analyses of CPEC impact on the
region.
19
A delegation led by Mr. Gong
Jinpei, Director Confucius
Institute, Cadet College Petaro
along with Mr. Sharafat Ali,
Vice Principal, Cadet College
Petaro and Mr. Imdad Ali
Bughio, Deputy Director, Office
of Research Innovation and
Establishment of Confucius Institute Discussed
Commercialisation, Mehran
University of Engineering and
Technology, Jamshoro visited
Pakistan Study Centre and Area
Study Centre, University of
Sindh to assess feasibility in
terms of space, infrastructure
and other required amenities
for establishment of Confucius
Institute in the University.
The visiting team was briefed
by the respective Directors of
Study Centres about the
facilities being provided at the
university.
The University of Sindh and
Lahooti Organisation jointly thorganised 4 edition of Lahooti
Melo, a two-day festival that
blends academic discourse and
musical performances on social
issues.
The festival served as an
occasion for participants to
witness sessions on wide
spectrum of socio-political
issues by scholarly panelists.
Speaking at the occasion, Mr.
Syed Sardar Ali Shah, Sindh
Minister for Education, Culture,
Archives and Antiquities
Lahooti Melo at Sindh University
Department said that Sindh has
remained an unflinching
emblem of socio-political
resistance and it has a culture of
positive, universal and core
human values.
Dr. Fateh Muhammad Burfat,
Vice Chancellor, University of
Sindh said that people all over
Pakistan need to change their
perspective on female
education.
Mr. Shahzad Roy, musician and
philanthropist said that music
can be a powerful catalyst for
social transformation.
20
The Quality Assurance Directorate, National
University of Medical Sciences (NUMS), Rawalpindi ndrecently conducted 2 round of three-day
workshop on Quality Management System (QMS)
for quality coordinators and senior managers in
separate sessions at Army Medical College to build
capacity of its staff to shape up NUMS
NUMS Training on Quality Management System
management systems in conformance to ISO 9001
2015. Brig. Shazia Alvi from CMH Peshawar was
resource person for the training. She explained
benefits of ISO 9001:2015, quality management
system and its impact on processes of the
organization that can be applied to organisation of
any size.
The representatives of Shenyang Aerospace
University, China recently visited Ghulam Ishaq
Khan Institute of Engineering Sciences and
Technology (GIKI) to discuss mutual collaboration
and offered 10 scholarships to GIKI students. The
delegation constituted Mr. Richard Chen, Secretary
General, Liaoning Provincial Education Association
for International Exchange, Mr. Pan Qibo and Mr.
Kang Tong Tao.
They held talks with Engr. Jehangir Bashar, Rector
GIK Institute, Dr. Jameel-Un Nabi, Pro-Rector,
Academics, GIKI and Mr. Ahsan Basir Sheikh, Pro-
Rector, Administration and Finance.
Last year, a GIKI delegation led by Engr. Jehangir
Bashar visited Shenyang Aerospace University to
sign a Memorandum of Understanding (MoU) for
mutual collaboration in joint research, exchange of
Shenyang Aerospace University Offers Scholarships to GIKI Students
students and faculty and collaboration in other
academic activities.
The Chinese delegate also offered 10 scholarships
to GIKI students in Shenyang Aerospace University
from the next academic year, explaining that the
scholarship would cover students’ admission and
tuition fee, traveling charges and accommodation.
21
Pakistan Institute of Engineering and Applied
Sciences (PIEAS) recently organised a Workshop on
2D Materials and Quantum Effect Devices, which
focused on two-dimensional Transition Metal
Dichalcogenide based Photo-detectors and
Quantum Effect Devices.
The workshop attracted 100 participants from
different universities of Pakistan and Strategic
Commissions. The speakers discussed the
semiconductor lithography in detail, which is
essential in fabrication of integrated circuits used in
computers, industrial microcontrollers,
communication devices and various other electronic
systems. The participants also deliberated on
growth and cauterization techniques of 2D materials
Workshop on 2D Materials & Quantum Effect Devices
such as graphene and metal dichalcogenides. The
theoretical studies on quantum transport in
graphene, dynamically stable phases in arsene and
multiscale modeling of 2D materials were also part
of the technical programme.
The Department of Agriculture
and Office of Research,
Innovation and
Commercialisation, (ORIC) Bacha
Khan University, Charsadda
recently organised a training on
Safe Use of Pesticides in
Vegetables.
The training was attended by
agriculture students, farmers,
representatives from provincial
Training on Safe Use of Pesticides
agriculture department and
people from pesticide and seed
companies. Dr. S. M. Saqlan
Nqvi, Vice Chancellor of the
University urged the trainees for
getting maximum use of training.
Seminar on Bio-resource Management at Bacha Khan University
The Office of Research, Innovation and
Commercialisation (ORIC), Bacha Khan University,
Charsadda in collaboration with the Centre for Bio-
resource Research (CBR), Islamabad recently
organised a seminar on Bio-resource Management.
A number of faculty members and students of
Department of Agriculture, Bacha Khan University,
Charsadda attended the Seminar. Dr. Afsar Mian
and Mr. Fida Muhammad Khan from CBR briefed
the audience about research and development
activities of the Centre with special reference to
molecular ecology, taxonomy, research on
biodiversity of plants and various animal species.
22
A Memorandum of
Understanding was recently
signed between the Department
of Veterinary Parasitology, Sindh
Agriculture University (SAU)
Tandojam and the Department
of Immunology and Molecular
Parasitology, Nanjing Agriculture
University (NJAU) China.
Dr. Abdullah G. Arijo, Chairman,
Department of Veterinary
Parasitology, SAU and Dr.
Lexiangri from NJAU signed the
MoU. Both sides will jointly work
SAU to Collaborate with Nanjing Agriculture University
on research and innovation
projects, talent training,
academic and people-to-people
exchange so as to bring research
excellence in Pakistan in general
and Sindh in particular.
Khadim Ali Shah Bukhari Institute of Technology
(KASBIT), Karachi in collaboration with Benazir
Bhutto Shaheed University, Lyari and Institute of
Health and Business Management and Social
Sciences, Karachi recently held its annual research
conference entitled “Socio-Economic Trends in the
Business Environment: Challenges and
Opportunities.”
In his inaugural address, Dr. Akhtar Baloch, Vice
Chancellor Benazir Bhutto Shaheed University, Lyari
emphasised upon importance of research in higher
Annual Research Conference at KASBIT
education institutions in Pakistan and role that
research has played in the economic growth of the
region.
During the conference, over 100 research papers
were presented in different sessions.
The themes of the conference included
Contemporary Research Styles, Climate Change
and Environmental Challenges, Global Business,
Micro-Financing, Human Capital Development and
Energy Crisis.
23
Post-DoctoralFellowship Programme
24
NEWS & VIEWS
Higher Education Commission, Sector H-9, Islamabad.Director General (A&A) Fax: 051-90400900
Any other university/ institution which is not listed in HEC-recognised universities/ institutions/ campuses available at our website will not be considered/ recognised by HEC.
In the larger interest of general public and in view of the forthcoming admission season, students and their parents are advised to verify legal status of the university/ institution or its campus from the above-mentioned links before seeking admission. Students are advised NOT to take admissions in those institutions which are not listed in the list of HEC-recognised universities/ institutions/ campuses given on HEC website. Degrees obtained from non-recognised institutions/ campuses will not be recognised by HEC.
NOTE
Students and parents are cautioned not to get admission in the universities/ DAIs wherein admissions are banned due to various irregularities as mentioned on HEC website.
The Higher Education Commission (HEC) recognises degrees of chartered universities/ institutions from public and private sector in Pakistan along with their approved campuses as mentioned at HEC website on the following web links:
Link of Recognised Universities/ Institutions
http://hec.gov.pk/site/HEIs
Link of Recognised Campuses of Public and Private Sector Institutions:
http://hec.gov.pk/site/recognizedCampuses
List of Illegal/ Fake Institutions:
http://hec.gov.pk/site/Illegal-DAIs