Universal laws and architecturescds20.caltech.edu/pdf/CDS1.pdf · Universal laws and architectures:...

John Doyle 道陽 Jean-Lou Chameau Professor

Control and Dynamical Systems, EE, & BioE

tech 1 # Ca

Universal laws and architectures: Theory and lessons from

brains, bugs, nets, grids, planes, docs, fire, bodies, fashion,

earthquakes, turbulence, music, buildings, cities, art, running, throwing, Synesthesia, spacecraft, statistical mechanics

A minimal prologue

Diverse applications

Aerospace Robotics Biology Fluids Physics Medicine Internet Smartgrid Ecology Neuroscience

Tuesday

Wednesday

Thursday

Monday

Diverse applications Diverse mathematics


ODE/PDE Automata Analysis Optimization Prob&Stats Operator Th Diff Geom Alg Geom Cmp Cplxty

Details are not serious

CDS

Diverse applications (not just engineering)

Diverse mathematics (not just “applied”)

ODE/PDE Automata Analysis Optimization Prob&Stats Operator Th Diff Geom Alg Geom Cmp Cplxty “Universal

laws and architectures”


CDS


Domain experts have “core”

interface to diverse math and tools


CDS

Diverse mathematics

Math (not just applied) has “core” interface to diverse application drivers


CDS as architecture • Architecture= “constraints that deconstrain”

– Constraint = CDS core concepts and math – Deconstraint = connections between new applications

and (also possibly new) math

• How to explain this? • Laws: Universal constraints on achievable robust

performance and efficiency • Architectures: Universal organizational strategies

to flexibly achieve what is possible • Case studies: concrete and familiar examples to

illustrate “universals” 8

Core protocols

• From Architecture slides, understanding the “OS” is difficult and essential

• But term “OS” seems to confuse • Replace with “core protocols”? • Highly conserved/constrained core (knot) • Highly diverse/deconstrained edges

• What is “CDS” in this context? 9

Fast

Slow

Flexible Inflexible

General Special

Apps

OS

HW

Horizontal App

Transfer

Horizontal Hardware Transfer

Fast

Slow

Flexible Inflexible

General Special

Apps

OS

HW

Tradeoffs

Fast

Slow

Flexible Inflexible

General Special

Apps

OS

HW

Tradeoffs = “laws?”

Slow

Fast

Flexible Inflexible General Special

Apps OS HW Dig. Lump. Distrib.

OS HW Dig. Lump. Distrib.

Digital Lump. Distrib.

Lumped Distrib. Distrib.

HGT DNA repair Mutation DNA replication Transcription

Translation Metabolism

Signal

Sense Motor

Prefrontal

Fast

Reflex

vision

VOR

Layered architectures

OS

Horizontal App

Transfer

Horizontal Hardware Transfer

Constrained

Deconstrained

Deconstrained

Architecture = Constraints that deconstrain

Horizontal Transfer

Horizontal Transfer

Constrained

Deconstrained

Deconstrained

“Hourglass” Universal architectures

Con

stra

ined

Dec

onst

rain

ed

Dec

onst

rain

ed

“Bowtie”

Horizontal versus vertical is an arbitrary convention.

CDS

Diverse applications (not just engineering)

Diverse mathematics (not just “applied”)

ODE/PDE Automata Analysis Optimization Prob&Stats Operator Th Diff Geom Alg Geom Cmp Cplxty “Universal

laws and architectures”


“Pasteur’s quadrant?” (Donald Stokes)

Typically poor choice of colors and font sizes

“Pasteur’s quadrant?” (Donald Stokes)

Low

High

Edison

Bohr

Practical use

Fundamental Understanding

Low

High Relative emphasis

Use inspired basic research

(Pasteur)

Low

High

Edison

Pasteur Bohr

Practical use


Low

High

“Pasteur’s quadrant?” Redrawn

Relative emphasis

Pasteur aimed for

both

Apps CDS Math

Practical use


Later

Deep, Universal

Apps

CDS Math

Practical impact

Specific

Now

CDS’ quadrant?

Scope

Later

Deep, Universal

Apps

CDS Math

Practical impact

Specific

Now

Fast

Slow


SW Apps

OS

HW

Related but somewhat flipped

Scope

Later

Deep, Universal

Apps

Math

Specific

Now

Circa 1975

Modern control theory

Practical impact

Scope

Later

Deep, Universal

Apps

Math

Specific

Now

Circa 1990 Complexity science

Robust control

theory

Modern control theory

Practical impact

Scope

Later

Deep, Universal

Apps

Math

Specific

Now

2014

CDS

Complexity science

Network science

Never

Nothing

Practical impact

Scope

Later

Deep, Universal

Specific

Now

Complexity science

Network science

Never

Nothing

Practical impact

Scope

Humans love this corner!

CMS

Later

Deep, Universal

Apps

Math

Practical impact

Specific

Now

Near future?

CDS

Complexity science

Network science

Later

Deep, Universal

Apps

Math

Practical impact

Specific

Now

The dream?

CDS

Complexity science

Network science

Horizontal Transfer

Horizontal Transfer

Constrained

Deconstrained

Deconstrained

Universal architectures

Universal laws

Fast

Slow


SW Apps

OS

HW

Slow

Fast


Apps OS HW Dig. Lump. Distrib.

OS HW Dig. Lump. Distrib.

Digital Lump. Distrib.

Lumped Distrib. Distrib.

HGT DNA repair Mutation DNA replication Transcription

Translation Metabolism

Signal

Sense Motor

Prefrontal

Fast

Reflex

vision

VOR

Layered architectures

CDS


“core” interface to

minimal math and tools


Morning

Universal laws and

architectures

Undergrad math

CDS

Diverse mathematics

Networks, Distributed

Cutting edge theory foundations


Afternoon

Later

Deep, Universal

Apps

Math

Practical impact

Specific

Now

The dream?

CDS

Complexity science

Network science

Caveats

• Many ideas are classic “robust control”, but much of the organization (the architecture) is fairly new

• Motivating case studies also new

• Many rough edges • Nobody is working on it quite like this • We want to change that

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