Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a...

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Universal Design

Transcript of Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a...

Page 1: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Universal Design

Page 2: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work

By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session; a low-SES child reads 0 words

By April, the middle/high-SES child reads 81 words; a low-SES child reads 32 words

By the end of first grade, middle/high-SES have seen approximately 19,000 words; low-SES about 10,000

By the end of the sixth grade, a child of poverty would need to go to school an additional year-and-a-half to have the same academic experience

Page 3: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Demographics in Special EducationRace General Special

Population Education

White 66.2% 63.6%

Black 14.8% 20.2%

Hispanic 14.8% 13.2%

Am. Indian 1.0% 1.3%

Asian/Pacific 3.8% 1.7%

Page 4: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

What Universal Design Means In the world of architecture and building,

adaptability is subtle, integrated into the design, and benefits everyone.

A shift from thinking why we should make changes to accommodate a few people in wheelchairs to an appreciation of how much better things can be for all of us

Page 5: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Fundamental shifts in our ideas of teaching and learning Students with disabilities fall along a continuum of

learner differences, just as other students do; Teachers should make adjustments for all students, not

just those with disabilities; Curriculum materials should be as varied and diverse as

the learning styles and needs in the classroom, rather than textbook-centered (currently possible with digital and on-line resources);

Rather than trying to adjust the students to learn from a set curriculum, the curriculum should be flexible to accommodate a range of student differences.

Page 6: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Principles of Universal Design Principle 1: Equitable Use

The design is useful and marketable to people with diverse abilities

Page 7: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Equitable Use… Adjustable chairs

Page 8: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Inequitable use… Chairs in the room or office

Page 9: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Principles of Universal Design Principle 2: Flexibility in Use

The design accommodates a wide range of individual preferences and abilities

Page 10: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Flexible in Use… Latch doorknob

Page 11: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Flexible in Use Push opener

Page 12: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Inflexible in Use… Round doorknob

Page 13: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Accessible for use Push door opener

Page 14: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Principles of Universal Design Principle Three: Simple and Intuitive Use

Use of the design is easy to understand regardless of the user’s experience, knowledge, language skills, or current concentration level

Page 15: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Principles of Universal Design Principle 4: Perceptible Information

The design communicates necessary information effectively to the user, regardless of ambient conditions or the user's sensory abilities.

round thermostat

Page 16: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Perceptible Information Fire alarm with strobe light

Page 17: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Perceptible Information ATM with large

buttons

Page 18: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Principles of Universal Design Principle Five:

Tolerance for Error The design minimizes

hazards and the adverse consequences of accidental or unintended actions

Page 19: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Tolerance for Error…low? Bathroom entranceway

Page 20: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Tolerance for Error…high? Outside power door

button for entry system

Page 21: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Tolerance for Error?? Let’s Look

Page 22: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Principles of Universal Design Principle Six: Low Physical Effort

The design can be used efficiently and comfortably and with a minimum of fatigue.

door handle

Page 23: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Principles of Universal Design Principle Seven: Size and Space for Approach

and Use Appropriate size and space is provided for

approach, reach, manipulation, and use regardless of user's body size, posture, or mobility.

subway gate

Page 24: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Student-Placement Trends 50% of students with disabilities in gen. ed.

80% of the time or more 28% of student in gen. ed. 40%-79% of the

time 19% of students in gen. ed.0-39% of the time 3% of students in residential facilities 0.7% of students in separate facility 0.5% of students in home/hospital

Page 25: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Characteristics of Inclusion Home-school placement Principle of natural proportions Restructuring teaching and learning Age-and grade-appropriate placements Eliminating the continuum of placements Increasing amount of time in general education Perspectives: parents, teachers, and students

See Figure 2-7

Page 26: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Inclusion: Refer to Figure 2-7 What are your thoughts on this topic? Get into your discussion group and discuss

What are the pros and cons for inclusion? If you were a parent of a child with a disability,

what would you want? Which disability category would you see less

likely to be included, and why? Which disability category would you see most

likely to be included, and why?

Page 27: Universal Design. Low-wealth children engage in far less academic work By Oct. of first grade, a middle/high-SES child reads 12 words per reading session;

Designing an IEP (see Figure 2-8) Determine supplementary aids Determine specially designed instruction Address life-skills content Specify related services