Univer, 99 % cari (plasma) -...

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1 Plasma Science from Nature to Laboratory and Business Innovation: Experience of Undips Physics Department Centre for Plasma Research, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University, Semarang, Indonesia Muhammad Nur Kuliah Umum, UNNES, Semarang, tanggal 19 Oktober 2016. “Materi Eksotis”: Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC). Materi gelap (dark matter plasma). David J. Thouless, Duncan Haldane dan J. Michael Kosterlitz, meraih Nobel Fisika 2016: "for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter“ ==== Exotic Matter NOBEL FISIKA 2016 Univer, 99 % cari (plasma) Ketika Langit Bagaikan Luluhan Perak (Plasma), (Q. S. Al. Marij 8) Dan Dia Menciptakan Jin dari A tanpa asap” (Q. S. Ar-Rahman 15) Api tanpa asap (Plasma ???)

Transcript of Univer, 99 % cari (plasma) -...

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Plasma Science from Nature to Laboratory and Business Innovation: Experience of Undip’s

Physics Department

Centre for Plasma Research, Department of Physics, Faculty of Science and Mathematics, Diponegoro University,

Semarang, Indonesia

Muhammad Nur

Kuliah Umum, UNNES, Semarang, tanggal 19 Oktober 2016.

“Materi Eksotis”:Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) Bose-Einstein Condensation (BEC). Materi gelap (dark matter plasma).

David J. Thouless, Duncan Haldane dan J. Michael Kosterlitz, meraih Nobel Fisika 2016:

"for theoretical discoveries of topological phase transitions and topological phases of matter“ ==== Exotic Matter

NOBEL FISIKA 2016

Univer, 99 % cari (plasma)

“Ketika Langit Bagaikan Luluhan Perak (Plasma), (Q. S. Al. Ma’rij 8)

“Dan Dia Menciptakan Jin dari Api tanpa asap”(Q. S. Ar-Rahman 15)

Api tanpa asap (Plasma ???)

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• Plasma a fourth state of matter after gas, formed of positive ions, negative ions, electrons, excited molecules and atoms, free radicals.

• Three state of matter that well kown:

1. Solid

2. Liquid

3. Gas.PLASMA is the ANOTHER state of metter.

What is Plasma

Kilat dan Petir

”Dan di antara tanda-tanda kekuasaanNya, Diamemperlihatkan kilat untuk (menimbulkan) ketakutan danharapan, dan Dia menurunkan hujan dari langit, lalumenghidupkan bumi dengan air itu sesudah matinya. Sesungguhnya pada yang demikian itu benar-benar terdapattanda-tanda bagi kaum yang mempergunakan akalnya. (ArRum, 24)”

ل من ومن آياته يريكم البرق خوف ا وطمع ا وينز

السماء ماء فيحيي به الرض ب لك عد موتها إن في ذ

ليات ل قوم يعقلون

What is PLASMA?

“Fourth State” of matter

Ionized gas at high temperature capable of conducting electrical current

Lightning is an example from nature

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What is difference between Gas and Plasma?

ION

Electron

Atoms

(gas)

Pada hari ketikalangit menjadiseperti luluhan perak(PLASMA) (Q. Al Ma’Rij 8)

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SOLID

LIQUID

GAS

PLASMAE

N

E

R

G

Y

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Types of Plasma• Cold plasma

Plasma that occurs in a state of thermal nonequilibrium between the electron and gas. Tion and Tgas = 1000 K, Te = 50000 K

• Thermal plasmaPlasma that occurs in a state of thermal nonequilibrium, baut heavy spicies of plasma (ion and gas) has temperature = 3000 K electron Te= 100 000 K

• Hot plasma

Plasma occurs in a state of thermal equilibrium. Electron density = ion density. Tion = T electron =Tplasma ( the order of 100 million K)

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Plasma In Nature

Auroradi Alaska

Nabula

Cold plasma

Hot plasma

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Thermal plasma

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First Research, on Plasma at Physics DepartmentDiponegoro University, 1998

motorcycle spark plugs

Metal hardening

Plasma in laboratory

Cold plasma

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Center for Plasma Research (CPR)www.plasmatechno.com

Center for Plasma Research (CPR) is a research center of the plasma and its application. This center originated from independent studies in 1999, by utilizing the corona plasma for particle separation device. After success in the fields of environmental conservation, enthusiasts Plasma Science and Technology at the University of

Diponegoro formed the Center for Plasma Research on February 10, 2005. CPR

developed different types of reactors, based on Corona Discharge, Dielectric Barrier Discharge Plasma, Radio Frequency Plasma and Plasma Jet.

Center is supported by a multi-disciplinary field of expertise, among others, Physics, Chemistry, Biology, Informatics, Mathematics, Statistics, Chem. Engineering, Medicine, Animal Husbandry, Food Technology, Fisheries, Public Health. Plasma application include research activities, Environment Plasma, Plasma for Food, Plasma for Agriculture, Plasma for Textile, Plasma for Materials, Plasma for Medical and Plasma Energy to focus on Plasma Gasification.

Fundamental research was also conducted among other issues a chain collision of electrons of atoms and molecules in the plasma, electro hydrodynamics, spectroscopy for plasma and area after plasma (after glow region), theoretically Tokomak Plasma also began to be touched by using Monte Carlo Simulation.

CPR also did some initiation to spin off business that supported by researchers

from the Faculty of Economics and Business (FEB).

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Basic Process for forming plasma

Ionisation and exitation by electron impact

A: Neutral molecule A*: Exited molecule/Radical

A + e A* + e (exitation)

A* A + hfp (photo-emission)

A + e A+ + e + e (ionisation distribution)

A*+ e A + efast (absorption)

Photo exitation & ionisation

A + hfp A* (photo-exitation )

A + hfp A+ + e (photo-ionisation)

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• X + Y ----- X + Y Maxwell

Ex + Ey =(Ex + E’) + (Ey-E’) changement cinetic energy

• X + Am + Emn----- X + An Boltzmann

deexitation exitation

• X + Am + Em----- X + An+ + e Saha recombinationionization

• Am-----An+ + hf Planck

• absorption spontaneous emission

Maxwell, Boltzmann, Saha dan Plancktypes particles

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Important ParametersVery Important Parameters of a plasma:

= plasma density (ion / electron)

= temperature of Ions and electrons (temperature plasma for Hot Plasma)

Lawson Creteria: criteria indicate that a plasma in the conditions for fusion reaction

n T t = 6 x 1021 m-3 keV s

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Thermodynamics Equilibrium in Plasma

The 4th state of Matter

Thermodynamic Laws in PLASMA

are not equal Thermodynamic Laws in GAS

• A state of equilibrium has been reached

• State in the riversible proces

• Total Thermodynamic Equilibrium (TTE). In these circumstances TTE there is only one temperature

(T = Tkin = Texc-Ti = Te), the thermodynamic temperature. Plasma in this condition follows the entire distribution functions (the laws of Maxwell, Boltzmann, Saha, and Planck).

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Total Thermodynamic Equilibrium (TTE)

T=Tkin=Texc-Ti=TePlasma

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Local Thermodynamic Equlibrium (LTE)

• In these systems there is a difference in temperature from one position to another position. Because of the unique temperature at the plasma was replaced by a joint sub-system temperature T1, T2, T3

T3

T1

T2

Plasma

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Local Field Equilibrium (LFE)

Plasma did not have a unique temperature T although locally. Te (electronic temperature), Ti (temperature ionic) and Tg (gas temperature). Equilibrium level determined by the energy of charged particles under an electric field effect

E3

E1

E2

Plasma

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Plasma Application

• Plasma and Tokamak Fusion Reactor

• Industrial Applications

• Plasma-Based Devices

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Kompetensi dan FokusPTM TM PTO

ilmu dan teknologi teknik mesinmelaksanakan pendidikanmelaksanakan penelitianMendarmakan ilmu pengetahuandan teknologimengembangkan kewirausahaandibidang Teknik Mesin

Nilai-nilaiReligious, Jujur, peduli, santun, konservasi,

Enterpreneur

(1) otomotif cakup kelistrikan, engine, sistem mekanik dan karoseri; (2) energi yang mencakup energiterbarukan, system pembangkitenergi dan mesin konversi energi; dan(3) bahan mencakup perlakuanbahan, bahan ferro dan non ferro, proses produksi dan perancanganKetiga keahlian tersebut mempunyaikaitan dengan dunia industri(enterpreneur), terkait pentediaan SDM

Enterpreneur

“SIAP (Skill, Inovation, Academic and Performance)”perawatan otomotifteknologi Otomotif

Enterpreneur

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Material Technology

1. plasma for surface treatment2. plasma etching3. plasma for thin layer 4. synthetic diamond films for thin-panel television system5. plasma synthesis of ceramic powders6. synthetic materials (eg arc on the fabrication of steel)7. ion implantation8. Electrical Insulating gas (high-voltage switch)9. Isolator on tranformator

PTM, TM, PTO,

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Chemical

1. Interaction of low energy electrons2. Plasma polymerization3. Isotopic enrichment4. Production of free radical compounds

PTM, TM, PTO,

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Environment

1. Water treatment system

2. Plasma to the surface cleaning

3. Control of industrial effluent

4. Control of air pollution from the combustion of hydrocarbons and coal

5. Separation of radioactive contaminated waste

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PTM, TM, PTO,

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medical

• Pasteurization

• Sterilization of medical instruments

• Ozone theraphy

• Jet Plasma Wound theraphy

• etc.

Plasma In our home

• Plasma TV

• Lamp

• Air Condition

• etc

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Plasma Application Reseach

in

Diponegoro University

1. ENVIRONMENT: control for Air Pollution, 2. Biomedical, sterilizer,3. AGRICULTURE4. Metal hardening

Ozon Generator

Reaktor Ozon

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Energi Alternatif/Hidrogen

Treatment minyak jelantah dengan plasma Argon

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Air Pollution Control

Emission Gas

Ionization, Exitation,Free Radical production

Plasma Generator

Plasma Chemistry Reaction

New Compound /aerosol

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Reactor HVGenerator

Gas Flow (%)removal

Additivegas

year

1st Generation HV DC-

PLN

CO2 Simulation static 62 yes 2000

2nd Generation HV DC-PLN

NO2 coal static 65 yes 2000

2nd Generation HV DC-PLN

CO2 Simulation static 85 yes 2001

3th Generation HV DC-PLN

CO2 ms 2 tag static 60 yes 2002

4th Generation HV DC-PLN

HC ms 2 tag Static 70 No 2003

5th Generation HV DC-PLN

COx ms 2 tag Flow 30 No 2003

6th Generation HV DC-PLN

COx ms 4 tag Static 70 No 2004

7th Generation Mobile COx ms 4tag bsn Flow 65 No 2004

Generasi-7 Mobile HC ms 4tag bsn Flow 55 No 2004Generasi-7 Mobile NOx ms 4tag bsn Flow 85 No 2004

Generasi-7 Mobile SOx ms 4tag disel

Flow 58 No 2004

History of our Research 2000-2004

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Prototype Reaktor Plasma dan Mobile Generator

MobbileGenerator

Reaktor

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Result

Pereduksian emisi pada veriasi rpm dan gigi

33,33

47,92

92,86

25 25,57

9,0918,52

23,66

43,59

55,22

10,53 10

31,8521,82

62,81

31,58

20,8326,53

0

20

40

60

80

100

0 1000 2000 3000 4000 5000 6000 7000 8000

RPM

Red

uk

si

(%)

CO

CO2

HC

Motorcyce Muffler% Removal Emission Gas HC maximum 62 %CO maximum 93 %CO2 maximum 55 %

Motor cycle

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vehicle

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Electro Katalytic Fuel SaverWith

PLASMA TECHNOLOGY

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Metal Hardening

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Metal Hardening

Incresing of Hardness300% -500 %

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Agriculture

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• Mangrove

Nitrogen ions radiation to acelerate growing of mangrove

Weigth of mangrove after 2 months

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Weigth

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Plasma for inactivation of micro-organism

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Plasma reactor for decontimination

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Incubator E-choli

coloni of e-coli

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Kurva lama waktu penyinaran plasma terhadap pertumbuhan E. coli

3,1

0,60,4 0,4

0,2 0,10

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

0 20 40 60 80 100waktu penyinaran plasma (detik)

Jum

lah

bakt

eri (

x 10

7 )

Kurva lama waktu penyinaran plasma terhadap pertumbuhan E. coli

3,1

0,60,4 0,4

0,2 0,10

0,5

1

1,5

2

2,5

3

3,5

0 20 40 60 80 100waktu penyinaran plasma (detik)

Ju

mla

h b

ak

teri

(x

107

)

Total colonies E. Coli before treatment 3,1x 107. After treatment 100 seconds become 0,1 x 107

Decrease 96,8 %.

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FUSI NUKLIR

October 16 LAB.ATOM NUKLIR & CPR PUSARRAN-LEMLIT UNDIP 2004

PLASMA UNTUK ENERGI FUSI NUKLIR

• PLASMA TOKOMAKAkronim bahasa Rusia:“Toridalnya Kamera ve Magnetnaya Katushka” = “Toroidal Chamber with Magnetic Coil”

• Diusulkan Oleh Andri Sakharov dan Igor Tamm pada awal tahun 50-an : “Suatu Temperatur sangat tinggi yang dilepaskan Plasma dalam suatu kungkungan medan magnet (Magnetic Confinement), konduktifitas panas akan sangat menurun karena lintasan partikel-partikel bermuatan akan sangat kompak dengan garis medan magnet yang berbentuk helikal”

October 16 LAB.ATOM NUKLIR & CPR PUSARRAN-LEMLIT UNDIP 2004

Reaksi Fusi Thermonuklir secara Teoretis yang paling mudah

dihasilkan

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October 16 LAB.ATOM NUKLIR & CPR PUSARRAN-LEMLIT UNDIP 2004

Illustrasi konfigursai Reaktor Plasma

Tokamak

October 16 LAB.ATOM NUKLIR & CPR PUSARRAN-LEMLIT UNDIP 2004

Kreteria Lawson

n T t = 6 x 1021 m-3 keV s

October 16 LAB.ATOM NUKLIR & CPR PUSARRAN-LEMLIT UNDIP 2004

Bagian dalam dari Reaktor Fusi Thermonuklir

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October 16 LAB.ATOM NUKLIR & CPR PUSARRAN-LEMLIT UNDIP 2004

“Tore Supra”,Prancis, Reaktor Fusi Thermonuklir pertama yang manggunakan koil super konduktor

October 16 LAB.ATOM NUKLIR & CPR PUSARRAN-LEMLIT UNDIP 2004

Rancangan ITER (International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor)

Proyek:

•Uni Eropa

•USA

•Jepang

•Rusia

•Korea

•China

•India

H = 60 m

D = 40 m

Para ilmuwan MIT: tekanan plasma lebih dari dua atmosfer, meningkat 16% dari hasil tahun 2005, pada suhu 35 juta derajat Celcius dan berlangsung selama 2 (dua) detik, 14 Oktober 2016

Kreteria Lawson n T t = 6 x 1021 m-3 keV s

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October 16 LAB.ATOM NUKLIR & CPR PUSARRAN-LEMLIT UNDIP 2004

Skema Reaktor Fusi beserta Turbin Generator KonvensionaL

Ozone Technology for Rice Storage System

(OTRISS)

• Ion and molecule reaction : O- + O2O3 + e

• ion molecule and Atom Reaction : O2- + OO3 + e

• Three-Body ion-ion recombination: O2++ O- + O2 O3 + O2

• Exited Molecule and Molecule: O2*+ O2 O3 + O*

Ozone Formation mechanism

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ROAD Map OTRISS

Nutrition Value in 100 gram of Rice

No Chemical Composition Quantity

1 Carbohydrate 79 g

2 Glucose 0,12 g

3 Serat diet 1,3 g

4 Lipid 0,66 g

5 Protein 7,13 g

6 Water Content 14 g

7 Titamina (Vit.B1) 0,070 mg (5 % AKG)

8 Riboflavin (Vit B2) 0,049 mg (3 % AKG)

9 Niasin (Vit B3) 1,6 mg mg (11 % AKG)

10 Acid pantotenic (B5) 1,014 mg (20 % AKG)

11 Vitamin B6 0,164 mg (13 % AKG)

12 Folic Acid Vit B9 8 μg (2 % AKG)

13 Forum 0,8 mg (6 % AKG)

14 Foforus 115 mg (16 % AKG)

15 Kalium 115 mg (2 % AKG)

16 Calsium 28 mg (3 % AKG)

17 Magnesium 25 mg (7 % AKG)

18 Zink 1,09 mg (11% AKG)

19 Kalori 354 kkal

(Juliano, 1976)

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Component

Reactor, Program Logic Control, power supply, gas pomp

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Ozone-tech Rice Storage Systems for

Quality Control

Program Riset Unggulan Strategis Nasional 1. PUSNAS 20132. PUSNAS 2014

3. PUPT 20154.PUPT 20165.PPTI 2016

ENTERPRENEURCV. Plasmatech Consulting

PT. Dipotechnology

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AirPurifier and Cleaner

“Zeta Green”Udara Bersih Untuk Semua

www.dipotechnology.com

Profil Product• Zeta Green merupakan alat

pembersih udara (Air Purifier danCleaner) berteknologi plasma

www.dipotechnology.com

Nilai Tambah

• Muliti Fungsi, Asap rokok bersih (efisiensi 99%), ion generator dan plasma cluster untuk pembunuh kuman, jamur dan mikroorganisme

– Baru, Inovative, serasi dan solusi bagi lingkungan. Tersedinyaruang space iklan yang dapat di isikan logo perusahaancustomer/tagline perusahaan yang disesuaikan dengan jeniskegiatan/promosi

www.dipotechnology.com

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www.dipotechnology.com

Spesifikasi Alat

Daya Listrik

Voltage

Dimensi

80 Watt

220 V / 50 Hz

Tinggi : 100 cmLebar : 20 CmTebal : 20 Cm

Daya JangkauUkuran ruang 4 x 5 meter

Matrial BodyPVC

Advertishing Size-Front50 x 70 cm

Teknologi Zeta Green

Pre- Filter

• Menyaringaerosol, partikelpadatan (hingga 0.3 mikkrometer), nikotin denganlucutan corona yang kemudianakan diendapkanpada dindingreaktor plasma

•Menciptakan ion-ion sebagaipenyebar udarasekaligus sebagaipembunuhmikrobiologi

Teknologi Zeta Green

Electrical Precipitator

Plasma Decomposed Gas

Ion Generator System

• Menyaring debu-debu dalam ukuranyang besar

•Memecah gas-gas tertentu sehinggamenjadi lebihramah lingkungan

Progres Zeta Green

www.themegallery.com

Uji Alat

Zeta Green sudahmengalamibeberapa uji lab

Zeta Green sudahbanyak mengalamievolusi secara visik

Zeta Green sedangdan akan terusmenjalinkerjasamakemitraan, terkaitproduksi maupunpemasaran

Zeta Green sedangproses masukpasar internasional

Produk

Kemitraan

Go International

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www.dipotechnology.com

Uji Lab (Jamur dan Bakteri)

www.dipotechnology.com

Uji Lab (Kimia dan Bakteri)

www.themegallery.com

Evolusi Produk Zeta Green

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www.themegallery.com

Evolusi Produk Zeta Green

On Progress

www.themegallery.com

Kemitraan

Kerjasama dengan PT Wahana Karya Innovasi

(Distributor dan Fasilitator Industrialisasi Zeta Green)

Zeta Green ikut mengurangi kabut asap dalam ruangan di lokasi kebakaran

www.dipotechnology.com

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Dokumentasi

Peresmian office PT. Dipo Technology, mengundang Menteri Ristekdan Dikti.

www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Zeta Green terpilih menjadi penerima Angkasa Pura II Award

www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

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www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

National Innovation Forum 2015. Presiden RI Joko Widodo, Prof BJ Habibie, Menteri Ristek dan Dikti Prof Natsir, beserta rombongan

berkunjung ke stand Zeta Green.

www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Zeta Green digunakan di ruang kerja dan ruang tidur

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Dokumentasi

Kantor Pusat Bank BTN Jakarta

www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Ruang Operasi Rumah Sakit Nasional Diponegoro

www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Ruang Instalasi Gawat Darurat dan Ruang Rawat Inap Rumah SakitNasional Diponegoro

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www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Ruang Tunggu Rumah Sakit Nasional Diponegoro

www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Smoking Area Cafe

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Dokumentasi

Penggunaan Zeta Green Pada Ruang Rapat

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www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Expo Indonesia Trend Education (ITE) 2016

Botani Square - Bogor

www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Expo Teknologi Tepat Guna 2015 - Aceh

www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Penggunaan Zeta Green olehLemhanas

34

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Dokumentasi

Penggunaan Zeta Green olehYayasan Buddha Tzu Chi

Indonesia

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Dokumentasi

Zeta Green sebagai alat penanggulangan bencana asap. Diskusibersama Menteri Ristek Dikti Prof Natsir

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Dokumentasi

35

www.dipotechnology.com

Dokumentasi

Spin off Business from base on Plasma

Technology

1. CV. Plasma Tech2. PT. Dipo Technology

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Documentation and Media Exposes

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Zeta Green untuk asap

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