UNITED STATES of AMERICA CANADA ALASKA (USA) MEXICO COLOMBIA VENEZUELA BRAZIL PERU BOLIVIA HONDURAS...
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Transcript of UNITED STATES of AMERICA CANADA ALASKA (USA) MEXICO COLOMBIA VENEZUELA BRAZIL PERU BOLIVIA HONDURAS...
UNITED STATES of AMERICA
CANADA
ALASKA (USA)
MEXICO
COLOMBIA
VENEZUELA
BRAZIL
PERU
BOLIVIA
HONDURAS
NICARAGUA
ECUADOR
GUYANA
SURINAME
FRENCHGUIANA
COSTA RICA
PANAMA
GUATEMALA
CUBA
PARAGUAY
ARGENTINA
URUGUAY
CHILE
GREENLAND
ICELAND
UNITEDKINGDOM
REPULIC OFIRELAND
NORWAY
SWEDEN
FINLAND
DENMARK
ESTONIA
LATVIA
LITHUANIA
POLAND
BELARUS
GERMANY
CZECHREPUBLIC
NETHERLANDS
BELGIUM
FRANCE
SPAIN
PO
RT
UG
AL
SWITZ.
AUSTRIA
SLOVAKIA
HUNGARY
ROMANIA
BULGARIA
ITALY
UKRAINE
TURKEYGREECE
SYRIA
IRAQ
SAUDIARABIA
YEMEN
OMAN
UAE
EGYPTLIBYA
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MOROCCOTUNISIA
WESTERN SAHARA
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MALINIGER CHAD
SUDAN
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LIBERIA
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NIGERIA
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CENTRALAFRICAN REPUBLIC
GABON CONGO
DEMOCRATICREPUBLIC OF
CONGO
KENYA
TANZANIA
ANGOLA
ZAMBIA
MO
ZAM
BIQUE
NAMIBIA
BOTSWANA
ZIMBABWE
REPUBLICOF SOUTH
AFRICA
MADAGASCAR
RUSSIA
KAZAKHSTAN
GEORGIA
IRAN
UZBEKISTAN
TURKMENISTAN
AFGHANISTAN
KYRGYZSTAN
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INDIA
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TAIWAN
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PHILIPPINES
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INDONESIA
PAPUANEW GUINEA
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NEWZEALAND
INTERNATIONAL QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORK DEVELOPMENTS
Regional, Transnational & National Qualifications Frameworks - 155 countries
LIST OF 155 COUNTRIES OR TERRITORIES PLANNING, DEVELOPING OR IMPLEMENTING QUALIFICATIONS FRAMEWORKS
Albania; Angola; Andorra; Antigua & Barbuda; Argentina; Armenia; Australia; Austria; Azerbaijan; Bahrain; Bangladesh; Barbados; Brazil; Belarus; Belgium; Benin; Belize; Bhutan; Bosnia and Herzegovina; Botswana; Brazil; Brunei Darussalam; Bulgaria; Burkina Faso; Burundi, Cabo Verde; Cambodia; Canada; Chile; Colombia; Costa Rica; Côte d’Ivoire; Croatia; Cyprus (and Northern Part of Cyprus); Czech Republic; Denmark; Dominica; Egypt; El Salvador; Eritrea; Estonia; Ethiopia; Finland; France; Georgia; Germany; Ghana; Greece; Grenada; Guinée; Guinée Bissau; Guyana; Haiti; Hong Kong; Hungary; Honduras; Iceland; India; Indonesia; Ireland; Israel; Italy; Jamaica; Jordan; Kazakhstan; Kenya; Kiribati; Korea; Kosovo; Kuwait; Kyrgyzstan; Lao People’s Democratic Republic; Latvia; Lebanon; Lesotho; Liechtenstein; Liberia; Lithuania; Luxembourg; Madagascar; Malawi; Malaysia; Maldives; Mali; Malta; Mauritius; Mexico; Montenegro; Montserrat; Palestine; Morocco; Mozambique; Myanmar; Namibia; Netherlands; Nepal; New Zealand; Nicaragua; Niger; Nigeria; Norway; Oman; Pakistan; Palestine; Panama; Papua New Guinea; Peoples Republic of China; Philippines; Paraguay; Poland; Portugal; Republic of Moldova; Romania; Russian Federation; Rwanda; Saint Lucia; Samoa; Serbia; Senegal; Seychelles; Sierra Leone; Singapore; Slovak Republic; Slovenia; Somalia (Somaliland); South Africa; Spain; St. Kitts & Nevis; St. Lucia; St. Vincent and the Grenadines; Suriname; Swaziland; Sweden; Switzerland; Tajikistan; Thailand; The Bahamas; The Comoros; the Democratic Republic of Congo; The former Yugoslav Republic of Macedonia; The Gambia; The Holy See, Timor-Leste; Togolese Republic; Tonga; Trinidad & Tobago; Tunisia; Turkey; Tuvalu and Vanuatu; Ukraine; United Arab Emirates; United Kingdom; United Republic of Tanzania; Uruguay; Viet Nam; Zambia; Zimbabwe.In pink OECD member states, More info: http://www.qualificationsplatform.net
1st GENERATION QFs 2nd GENERATION QFs 3rd GENERATION QFs
Developed from national perceptions, mainly determined by internal drivers, and often using experimental approaches
Tried to learn from
1st generation experiences for
design and processes. Seeking
more communication with other NQFs
bilaterally. Influence of external drivers
limited
Internal drivers
remain important, but external drivers
have a significant impact on technical
design of frameworks and QA
arrangements
© Ron Tuck, ILO 2007
The drivers for developing frameworks have changed
The international drivers for NQFs have become stronger• Institutional isomorphism? • Are policy option for NQFs evidence based?
DEMOGRAPHIC DEVELOPMENTS2010-2050
38% MORE WORLD CITIZENS, BUT WORLD WIDE AGING
SHRINKING POPULATIONS IN EUROPE
SHRINKING LABOUR FORCE WORLD WIDE
Development of the labour force (15-64) as % of the
population
The use of the EQF outside the 36 EQF countries in the AG EQF
EQF becomes a tool in international HE policy All the partner countries that are in the Bologna Process are aiming at a QF for LLL. (NQF correspondents meeting Baku), CoE uses EQF as a reference in the Explanatory memorandum to the subsidiary text to the Lisbon convention, EQF mentioned as a reference in ERASMUS+
EQF influences national level descriptors (ETF analysis of level descriptors of partner countries)
EQF used as a common reference tool between third countries
EQF is mentioned as reference in EU policy documents with third countries (Statut Avancé Morocco, annexes to association agreements Georgia, qualification related conditionality for budget support Georgia, Moldova)
EQF is reference in EU funded projects implemented outside the 36 countries (India EU Skills Development project, Indonesian Qualifications Framework, Azerbaijan Twinning Project for TVET in Agriculture, Eurosocial project Latin America)
EQF mentioned in national policy documents in third countries
Association Agreements EU - Countries (European Neighbourhood policy)
Morocco 2008
33 mill popul.
“Rapprochement CEC”
Georgia2014
4.5 mill popul.
“Quality - Recognition…”“Approximation…”; “Georgia will conduct policy consistent with the Annex: EQF Recomm”
Ukraine2014
44.3 mill popul
NQF…”EU experiences”Annex: EQF Recommendation
Moldova2014
3.6 mill popul
Develop NQF…Annex: no mention EQF
Association Agreements - sources
EU-Georgiahttp://www.eeas.europa.eu/georgia/index_en.htm
EU-Moldovahttp://eeas.europa.eu/moldova/
EU-Ukrainehttp://eeas.europa.eu/ukraine/docs/index_en.htm
EU-Moroccohttp://www.eeas.europa.eu/morocco/docs/document-conjoint_fr.pdf
Transnational QFs (ETF study, 2010)
SADCQF VUSSC TQF CVQF ASEAN QF
Type Transn QF; started
Meta2005
Meta2007
F Common Q, 2003
F Common Q, 2007
Geogr proximity Btw NQFs NOT Was limited to a sector
Btw NQFs
Levels 10 (TCCA, 2011)
10 (TQF, 2010) 5 VET; 8 (2012)
MS in + than 1 QF 40% 66% 80% --
Nr MS; % MS developing NQFs
1587%
3281%
1567%
1060%
Governance TCCA TQF MC CANTA --
Regional QFs - some casesSADC (Southern African Development Coop)
– http://www.academia.edu/4570848/The_SADC_Qualifications_Framework_as_a_mechanism_to_improve_the_comparability_of_TVET_qualifications_in_the_SADC_region
– http://sheqafrica.com/sadc-qualifications/– http://www.skillsportal.co.za/page/skills-development/
1068720-SADC-Regional-Qualifications-Framework-becomes-a-reality#.VHOfXySjV-U
ASEAN Qualifications Reference Framework– http://www.asean.org/news/asean-secretariat-news/
item/asean-develops-framework-to-facilitate-movement-of-skilled-labour-and-professionals
– http://ceap.org.ph/upload/download/20138/27222725873_1.pdf
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