United States History Atlas
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Chicago Sanitary and Ship Canal Lake Michigan D e s P lai n e s R . 1910 Nearly 750,000 people worked in Chicago’s central business district. Chicago’s Union Stockyards stretched over one square mile and employed 50,000 workers, many of them immigrants. 2 1 C hicago R . Hull House Immigrant Groups German Irish Polish Swedish Czech and Slovak Italian Other immigrants Industrial area Railroad City limits Immigrant Neighborhoods in Chicago 1900 Coastlines of today 0 3 miles 0 3 kilometers Chicago N I mmigration and the Growth of Cities Nearly 15 million immigrants entered the United States between 1895 and 1914, most of them Roman Catholics and Jews from Southern and Eastern Europe. ★ Many of the new immigrants were from Italy, Russia, and Poland. They tended to settle in large cities, such as Chicago and New York. ★ Settlement houses, such as Hull House in Chicago, helped immigrants adjust to life in America’s cities. ★ The new immigrants made the population of the United States more diverse than that of any other nation in the world. 74 1896 Southern and Eastern European immigrants outnumber all others for the first time. 1914–1918 Immigration plummets during World War I. 1921 Peak of Polish immigration follows World War I. 2 1 3 Japanese Polish French Portuguese Turkish Greek UNITED STATES CANADIAN MEXICAN IRISH BRITISH GERMAN RUSSIAN-JEWISH BOHEMIAN ITALIAN SLAVIC PACIFIC OCEAN ATLANTIC OCEAN INDIAN OCEAN INDIAN OCEAN SOUTHERN OCEAN ARCTIC OCEAN N Immigrants 1895 –1929 Movement Ethnicity ITALIAN Largest Groups Movement Ethnicity Turkish Other Groups B More and more immigrants came from Southern and Eastern Europe. Many Americans felt the newcomers were culturally inferior. In 1921and 1924, Congress set new immigration quotas, or limits. A A Jobs in steel, railroads, and food processing drew immigrants from across Europe to Chicago, making it the nation’s second largest city by 1890. The city’s immigrants helped produce almost all of the country’s meat, often under appalling conditions. more at USHAtlas.com
Transcript of United States History Atlas
Chicago Sanitary
and Ship Canal
LakeMichigan
DesPlainesR.
1910 Nearly 750,000 people worked in Chicago’scentral business district.
Chicago’s Union Stockyards stretched over one square mileand employed 50,000 workers, many of them immigrants.
2
1
Chicago R.
HullHouse
Immigrant Groups
GermanIrishPolishSwedishCzech and SlovakItalianOther immigrants
Industrial areaRailroadCity limits
Immigrant Neighborhoodsin Chicago
1900
Coastlines of today
0 3 miles
0 3 kilometers
Chicago
N
Immigration and the Growth of CitiesNearly 15 million immigrants entered the United Statesbetween 1895 and 1914, most of them Roman Catholicsand Jews from Southern and Eastern Europe.
� Many of the new immigrants were from Italy, Russia,and Poland. They tended to settle in large cities,such as Chicago and New York.
� Settlement houses, such as Hull House in Chicago,helped immigrants adjust to life in America’s cities.
� The new immigrants made the population of theUnited States more diverse than that of any othernation in the world.
74
1896 Southern and EasternEuropean immigrants outnumberall others for the first time.
1914–1918 Immigrationplummets during World War I.
1921 Peak of Polish immigrationfollows World War I.
2 1
3
Japanese
Polish
French
Portuguese TurkishGreekUNITED STATES
CANADIAN
MEXICAN
IRISHBRITISH
GERMAN RUSSIAN-JEWISH
BOHEMIANITALIANSLAVIC
PACIFICOCEAN
ATLANTICOCEAN
INDIANOCEAN
INDIANOCEAN
SOUTHERN OCEAN
ARCTIC OCEAN
N
Immigrants1895–1929
MovementEthnicityITALIAN
Largest Groups
MovementEthnicityTurkish
Other Groups
BMore and more immigrants came from Southern and Eastern Europe. Many Americans felt thenewcomers were culturally inferior. In 1921 and 1924, Congress set new immigration quotas, or limits.
AA Jobs in steel, railroads, and food processing drewimmigrants from across Europe to Chicago, makingit the nation’s second largest city by 1890. The city’simmigrants helped produce almost all of the country’smeat, often under appalling conditions.
more atUSHAtlas.com
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San Francisco
ChicagoMilwaukee
St. Louis
New Orleans
Cincinnati
DetroitCleveland
Pittsburgh
Baltimore
Washington,D.C.
PhiladelphiaNew York CityBuffaloBoston
Center of Population
Population Densityand Major Cities
1890
People per Sq. Mile
People perSq. Km
Under 22 to 4545 to 90Over 90
Under 11 to 17
17 to 35Over 35
19101900 1920
448,572
1,041,570
430,001
Northern & Western Europe
Southern &Eastern Europe
North America
South America
Asia
Emergence of Modern America1890–1930
ERA
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75
Imm
igra
nts
(tho
usan
ds)
1925191519051895
250
200
150
100
50
0
300ItalianRussian-Jewish
“Nowhere in the worldare so many peoplecrowded together onone square mile as here.”
— J A C O B R I I SD E S C R I P T I O N O F A N I M M I G R A N T
N E I G H B O R H O O D I N N E W YO R K C I T YH O W T H E O T H E R H A L F L I V E S , 1 8 9 0
D Italian andRussian-Jewish Immigrants
Southern Italians fleeing poverty and Russian Jews fleeingreligious persecution were two of the largest immigrantgroups in the years before World War I.
EImmigrant Origins
The start of World War I in 1914cut off most immigration byEuropeans. In 1917 newlyrequired literacy tests cutimmigration still further.
FAs cities grew, they began providingnew services that people today take forgranted, such as garbage collection,street lights, and public transportation.Most cities were still in the Northeast.Compare this map to map C onpage 55.
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