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UNITED STATESDEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

DATA FROM PUMPING AND INJECTION TESTS AND CHEMICAL SAMPLING IN THE

GEOTHERMAL AQUIFER AT KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON

By S. M, Benson, C. J. Janik, D. C. Long, R. D. Solbau, P. J. Lienau, G. G. Culver,

E. A. Sammel, S. R. Swanson, D. N. Hart, Andrew Yee, A. F. White, M. L. Stallard,

A. P. Brown, M. C. Wheeler, T. L. Winnett, Grace Fong, and G. B. Eakin

Open-File Report 84-146

Prepared in cooperation with the

U.S. DEPARTMENT OF ENERGY

Contract No. DE-AC03-83SF11928

Menlo Park, California

1984

11

UNITED STATES DEPARTMENT OF THE INTERIOR

WILLIAM P. CLARK, Secretary

GEOLOGICAL SURVEY

Dallas L. Peck, Director

For additional information write to

Regional Hydrologist, USGS 345 Middlefield Road MS 466 Menlo Park, Ca 94025

Copies of the report can be purchased from:

Open-File Services Section Western Distribution Branch Box 25425, Federal Center Denver, Colorado 80225 (Telephone: (303) 234-5888)

CONTENTSPage

Abstract 1

Chapter 1. Introduction 3

References 4

Chapter 2. Data from pumping and injection test, July 5, through September 7, 1983

By S. M. Benson and R. D. Solbau 6

Activity summary of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory personnel 7

Production well 11

History 11

Aquifer test, July 5 - August 24, 1983 13

Injection well 13

History 13

The 1983 injection test 18

Borehole logs 18

Well injectivity 20

Pressure-falloff data 21

References 21

Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory temperature data 29

Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory well-interference data 34

Chapter 3. Additional water levels and temperatures measured during the pumping and injection test

By D. C. Long, S. R. Swanson, D. N. Hart, and P. J. Lineau 48

Chapter 4. Chemical and isotopic data on well discharges of the Klamath Falls geothermal system

By C. J. Janik, Andrew Yee, A. F. White, M. L. Stallard,A. P. Brown, M. C. Wheeler, S. R. Swanson, T. L. Winnett,and Grace Fong 90

Sample collection 90

Methods for chemical analyses 91

Methods for isotopic analyses 91

Analytical data 92

References 93

iii

CONTENTS (Continued)Page

Chapter 5. Air temperatures and discharges of thermal water from pumped and flowing wells

By G. G. Culver 98

ILLUSTRATIONSPage

Figure 1-1. Index map of Klamath Falls area 2

2-1. Map showing locations of wells monitored duringaquifer test 10

2-2. Temperature profile and lithologic log in City Well-1(production well) - 12

2-3. City Well-1 pumping rate (production well) 15

2-4. Well completion, lithology, temperature profile, andspinner (fluid velocity) survey in the County MuseumWell (injection well) 17

2-5. Temperature profile measured in the County Museum Well(injection well) prior to fluid injection 19

2-6. County Museum Well injection rate 23

2-7. Injection-well pressure-falloff data, County Museum Well 24

Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory temperature data:

2-8. Temperature changes with time during aquifer test:

A. #24 Assembly of God well

B. #123 Spires and Mest well

C. #215 Harley Davidson well 30

2-9. Temperature changes with time during aquifer test:

A. #177 Page well

B. #101 Head well

C. #4 Parks well

D. #3 Carrol1 well

E. #200 Rogers well

F. #203 Parks steamer well 31

iv

ILLUSTRATIONS (Continued)Page

Figure 3-9. #126 Christian Center well 57

3-10. # 141 Eldorado Place well 58

3-11. #166 Card well 59

3-12. #178 Phillips well 60

3-13. #261 Olson well 61

3-14. #273 Eck well 62

3-15. #274 Zion Church well 63

3-16. #19 Glidden well 64

3-17. #22 Thexton well 65

3-18. #51 Bailey well 66

3-19. #124 Hardt/Davis well 67

3-20. #135 Ross well 68

3-21. #186 Fillmore well 69

3-22. #194 Terrier well 70

3-23. #264 Cooper well 71

3-24. #294 Spielman well 72

3-25. #360 Carter well 73

3-26. #37 Stone well 74

3-27. #61 Juckeland well 75

3-28. #62 Phelps well 76

3-29. #110 East Main St. Apts. well 77

3-30. #127 Adamcheck well 78

3-31. #128 Hart well 79

3-32. #143 Raney well 80

3-33. #157 Heaton/Wardell well 81

3-34. #165 Mathews well 82

vi

ILLUSTRATIONS (Continued)Page

Figure 3-35. #170 Lawrence well 83

3-36. #181 Hessig well 84

3-37. #216 Hart well 85

3-38. #277 Klamath Medical Clinic well 86

3-39. #310 Feeback well 87

3-40. Temperature profiles in the Medo-bel Dairy well obtainedduring the injection phase of the aquifer test 88

3-41. Temperature profiles in three geothermal wells 89

4-1. Map showing location of wells sampled for chemicalanalysis 94

5-1. Graph showing average daily air temperature and average daily discharge of thermal water from pumped and artesian wells (July 1 through August 31, 1983) 99

5-2. Graph showing the relationship between average daily airtemperature and percent of peak thermal discharge 100

TABLESPage

Table 2-1. Product ion-we 11 and injection-well data 14

2-2. Pressure-falloff data - Injection well 22

2-3. Wells monitored for the geothermal aquifer test 25

4-1. Physical data on wells sampled for chemical analysis 95

4-2. Chemical analyses on Klamath Falls well discharges 96

4-3. Isotopic analyses and gravimetric determinations of SO, and total dissolved C0« on Klamath Falls well discharges 97

5-1. Monthly mean air temperatures and discharges of thermalwater from pumped and artesian wells 101

VII

ILLUSTRATIONS (ContinuedPage

Figure 2-10. #177 Page well temperature profile 6-28-83 32

2-11. #101 Head well temperature profile 6-24-83 33

Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory well-interference data:

Figure 2-12. #3 Carroll well 35

2-13. #4 Parks well 36

2-14. #4 Parks well (July 21-September 9, 1983) 37

2-15. #8 Vlahos well 38

2-16. #24 Assembly of God well 39

2-17. #39 Medo-Bel Dairy well 40

2-18. #101 Head well 41

2-19. #123 Spires and Mest well 42

2-20. #177 Page well 43

2-21. #200 Rogers well 44

2-22. #203 Parks steamer well 45

2-23. #215 Harley Davidson well 46

2-24. #347 Dearborn well 47

Additional water levels and temperatures measured during the pumping and injection test:

3-1. #347 Dearborn well 49

3-2. #43 Klamath Cold Storage well 50

3-3. #79 Klamath Union High School well 51

3-4. #80 Jones well 52

3-5. #83 Stanke well 53

3-6. #97 Angel well 54

3-7. #118 Svanevik well 55

3-8. #122 Ponderosa School well 56

CONVERSION OF UNITS OF MEASUREMENT

INCH-POUND TO METRIC

Multiply inch-pound units by

Length

inch (in.) foot (ft)

25.400.3048

Flow

gallon per minute (gal/min) 0.06308

Temperature

degree Fahrenheit (°F) °C = 5/9 CF-32)

Pressure

pound per square

inch (lb/in. 2 )

Multiply SI units

meter (m)

degree Celsius (°C)

6.895

METRIC TO INCH-POUND

by_

Length

3.281

Temperature

*F = 9/5 °C + 32

To obtain SI units

millimeter (mm) meter (m)

liter per second (L/s)

degree Celsius (°C)

kilopascal (kPa)

To obtain inch-pounds units

foot (ft)

degree Fahrenheit (°F)

Vlll

DATA FROM PUMPING AND INJECTION TESTS AND CHEMICAL SAMPLING IN THE

GEOTHERMAL AQUIFER AT KLAMATH FALLS, OREGON

ByI/ 2/ 3/ I/ S. M. Benson , C. J. Janik , D. C. Longi , R. D. Solbau ,

4/ 4/ 2/ 3/ P. J. Lienau , G. G. Culver , E. A. Sammel , S. R. Swanson ,

D. M. Hart-5/, Andrew Yee^/, A. F. White^/, M. L. Stallar*?/,

A. P. Brown^/, M. C. Wheeler , T. L. Winnett , Grace Fong ,

2/ and G. B. Eakin-^'

ABSTRACT

A seven-week pumping and injection test in the geothermal aquifer at

Klamath Falls, Oregon, in 1983 provided new information on hydraulic properties

of the aquifer. The Open-File Data Report on the tests includes graphs of water

levels measured in 50 wells, temperature measurement In 17 wells, daily air-

temperatures in relation to discharge of thermal water from more than 70 pumped

and artesian wells, tables of monthly mean air temperatures and estimates of

discharges of thermal water during a normal year, and tables of chemical and

isotopic analyses on samples from 12 wells.

The water-level measurements reflect the effects of pumping, injection, and

recovery over about 1.7 square miles of the hot-well area of Klamath Falls. The

pumped well, City Well #1, and the injection well at the Klamath County Museum

are components of a proposed District Heating Plan. The study was funded

principally under contracts from the U.S. Department of Energy to the Lawrence

Berkeley Laboratory, Stanford University, and the Oregon Institute of Tech-

nology, with coordination and chemical sampling provided under the Geothermal

Research Program, U.S. Geological Survey. Support was received from the City of

Klamath Falls, Klamath County Chamber of Commerce, Citizens for Responsible

Geothermal Development, and many citizen volunteers.

Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Berkeley, California2/ U.S. Geological Survey, Menlo Park, California3/ Energyman, Inc., Klamath Falls, Oregon4/ Oregon Institute of Technology, Klamath Falls, Oregon

Citizens for Responsible Geothermal Development, Klamath Falls, Oregon

I22°00' 42°30'

I2l e45 1 42°30

42° 15 -

4 2° 00'

I22°00'

KLAMATH FALLS

0 Spring Lake

\ \Lower N- KlamatriLake ^

{ (drained) V V

XBL80I2-6569

Figure 1-1. Index map of Klamath Falls area.

CHAPTER 1. INTRODUCTION

This report presents data from a series of tests that were designed to

evaluate the geothermal potential of the shallow hot-water aquifer at Klamath

Falls. Funded by a grant from the U.S. Department of Energy (DOE), tracer

studies were begun in May, 1983, under the direction of J. S. Gudmundsson; a

seven-week pumping and reinjection test was begun in July 1983, under the

direction of S. M. Benson; and support activities and facilities were provided

by the Geo-heat Center, Oregon Institute of Technology (OIT), Paul Lienau,

Director. Overall direction and coordination were the responsibility of E. A.

Sammel, who served as Principal Investigator as a part of project activities

within the Geothermal Research Program of the U.S. Geological Survey (USGS).

During the test period, samples were collected for chemical and isotopic analy-

ses to be performed by Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory (LBL) and the USGS. Alfred

Truesdell (USGS) will discuss these results in a subsequent interpretive

report. Preliminary findings of the tracer studies have been published pre-

viously (Gudmundsson and others, 1983). A final report on the tracer studies

will be published by Stanford University.

Prior investigations of the geothermal system at Klamath Falls are de-

scribed by Lund (1978) and by Sammel (1980). Short-duration interference tests

of several geothermal wells in the area were carried out by LBL during the years

1979 through 1982. Data from these tests are given by Benson, Goranson, and

Schroder (1980), Benson (1982a), Benson (1982b), and Bodvarsson and Benson

(1982). In preparation for the present tests, new data were collected on

geothermal wells and springs at Klamath Falls beginning in March, 1983, under a

program initiated by the Renewable Energy Committee of the Klamath County

Chamber of Commerce and supported by the Klamath County Economic Development

Association and the City of Klamath Falls. A large number of citizen volunteers

aided in this effort. A Geothermal Committee of the Chamber of Commerce,

chaired by D. C. Long, coordinated the data collection. Significant help was

provided by a local group, Citizens for Responsible Geothermal Development

(CRGD); data collection and well monitoring by this group were coordinated by

Deborah and I. H. (Bud) Hart.

The collection of historical and recent geothermal data at Klamath Falls

represents an unprecedented achievement. A central file now contains records

of water levels and temperatures kept by individual well owners over a span of

40 years or more, a preliminary data base established by the Geo-Heat Center at

Oil in 1974, and the currently expanded data base which comprises records from

more than 450 geothermal wells and springs in the Klamath Falls urban area.

Plans for the maintenance and updating of these records are now being formulated

by a geothermal advisory group in Klamath Falls.

It is not possible to acknowledge individually all persons, probably

numbering in the hundreds, who have aided in the data collection and testing

program. Several individuals deserve mention however, and we thank especially

Dick Sexton and Frank Ganong, (Chamber of Commerce); Bud Hart, Al Stone, Dick

Hessig, and George Wardell (CRGD); Charles Leib, Kent Colahan, and Gene Gjertsen

A special commendation is due the local news media for thorough, accurate, and

timely news coverage that played an essential part in the educational aspects of

the program.

This report includes only data that are directly relevant to the aquifer

tests performed in 1983 under the DOE grant. Most results are shown in graph-

ical form for the convenience of an assumed majority of users who do not require

the basic numerical records. Physical data on wells monitored for the aquifer

test are shown in table 2-3. All information collected for this investigation

will be part of the central data file at Klamath Falls and will be available for

public inspection and use.

Monitoring of selected thermal wells will continue through the 1983-84

heating season and perhaps indefinitely. A final interpretive report will

contain estimates of aquifer properties and will describe the geothermal fluid

flow and the probable physical consequences of at least one proposed plan for

development.

References

Benson, S. M., Goranson, C. B., and Schroeder, R. C., 1980, Evaluation of City

Well 1, Klamath Falls, Oregon: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, unpublished

report to the City of Klamath Falls.

Benson, S. M., 1982a, Klamath Falls (WP-1, Supply and distribution network,

Museum Well) system check, February 8 through 12, 1982: Lawrence

Berkeley Laboratory, unpublished report to the City of KLamath Falls.

Benson, S. M., 1982b, Klamath Falls (WP-1 and WP-2) System check, September 29

through 30, 1981: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, unpublished report to

the City of Klamath Falls.

Bodvarsson, M. G., and Benson, S. M., 1982, Well test data from geothermal

reservoirs: Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory, Report LBL-13295, 57 p.

Gudmundsson, J. S., Johnson, S. E., Home, R. N., Jackson, P. B., and Culver, G.

G., 1983, Doublet tracer testing in Klamath Falls, Oregon: Stanford

University, Ninth Workshop on Geothermal Reservoir Engineering, December

1983, Proceedings, in press.

Lund, J. W., 1978, Geothermal hydrology and geochemistry of Klamath Falls,

Oregon urban area: Klamath Falls, Oregon Institute of Technology,

Geo-heat Center, final report to the U.S. Geological Survey, USGS

Grant No. 14-08-0001-G-291.

Sammel, E. A., 1980, Hydrogeologic appraisal of the Klamath Falls geothermal

area, Oregon: U.S. Geological Survey Professional Paper 1044-G, 45 p.

CHAPTER 2. DATA FROM PUMPING AND INJECTION TEST

July 5 through September 7, 1983

by

S. M. Benson and R. D. Solbau

Earth Sciences Division

Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory

Activity summary of Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Personnel

6-21-83 Leave LBL for Klamath Falls, Oregon.

6-22-83 Meet with Dennis Long and Susan Swanson of Energyman, Inc. with

regard to test plan and monitor wells.

6-23-83 Make arrangements with Interstate Pump to pull the heating coils

at the County Museum well.

6-24-83 Meet with the Well Selection Committee to make final selection of

monitor wells.

Run temperature profile in Head well.

Install geophone in Head well.

Calibrate all pressure transducers.

6-25-83 Install downhole pressure probe in the Head well at a depth of

approximately 38 m.

Install downhole pressure probe in the Dearborn well at a depth

of approximately 6 m.

6-26-83 Install downhole pressure probe in the Assembly of God well at

a depth of approximately 5.5 m.

6-27-83 Install downhole pressure probe in the Parks well at a depth of

approximately 30.5 m.

Install injectors into A-Canal.

6-28-83 Run temperature profile in the Page well.

Install downhole pressure probe in the Page well at a depth of

approximately 15 m.

6-30-83 Install downhole pressure probe in the Vlahos well at a depth of


7-1-83 Install downhole pressure probe in the Parks Steamer well at a

depth of approximately 19.5 m.

7-2-83 Install downhole pressure probe in the Rogers well at a depth of

approximately 17 m.

7-5-83 Install downhole pressure probe in the Carroll well at a depth of


Start pumping (3:10 p.m.) CW-1 at a rate of 720 gallons per minute

(gpm). (Pumped water dumped into the A-Canal.)

Pull heating coils from the Museum well.

7-16-83 Remove downhole pressure probe from Vlahos well. Recalibrate

transducer.

7-18-83 Pull pump from Barley Davidson well.

7-19-83 Install downhole pressure probe in the Barley Davidson well at a

depth of approximately 25 m.

Remove downhole pressure probe from the Dearborn well.

Recalibrate transducer.

7-20-83 Remove downhole pressure probe from the Rogers well. Recalibrate

transducer.

Install another downhole pressure probe in the Rogers well at a


Install downhole pressure probe in the Medo-Bel Dairy well at a

depth of 19 m.

7-21-83 Remove downhole pressure probe from the Parks well. Recalibrate

transducer.

Install downhole pressure probe in the Spire's and Mest well at a


7-24-83 Run sinker bar into the County Museum well in order to detect fill.

Run temperature profile in the County Museum well.

7-25-83 Start reinjection into County Museum well at 10:50 a.m.

Stop reinjection due to packing failure at 11:20 a.m.

Replace packing on the injection well.

7-26-83 Start reinjection into the County Museum well at 10:11 a.m. Shut in

valve to the A-Canal at 10:12 a.m.

7-27-83 Run spinner survey in the injection well.

8-1-83 Medo-Bel Dairy well starts to flow under a small artesian head.

8-9-83 Remove downhole pressure probe from the Parks Steamer well.

Recalibrate transducer. Transducer fails.

8-15-83 Run spinner survey in the injection well.

8-21-83 Install downhole pressure probe in the Parks Steamer well at a depth

of 19.5 m (transducer repaired by manufacturer).

8-22-83 Lightning from a large storm knocks out data from seven wells.

8-23-83 Replace line drivers from the Head, Rogers, and Spires and Mest wells.

Data back on line.

Replace series 700 computer with two series 600 computers; Medo-Bel

Dairy, and Harley Davidson wells back on line.

Parks Steamer well transducer seriously damaged. Send transducer back

to manufacturer.

Remove downhole pressure probe from Medo-Bel Dairy well. Recalibrate

transducer.

8-24-83 Install transducer from Medo-Bel Dairy well in the Parks Steamer well

at a depth of approximately 19.5 m.

Run temperature profile in the injection well.

Shut in CW-1 and County Museum well at 5:35 p.m.

8-31-83 Remove downhole pressure probe from Rogers well.

9-1-83 Remove downhole pressure probe from the injection well.

Remove downhole pressure probe from the Harley Davidson well.

Remove downhole pressure probe from the Parks Steamer well.

9-2-83 Remove geophone and downhole pressure probe from the Head well.

9-3-83 Run 7 inch disk into the County Museum well.

Remove downhole pressure probe from Assembly of God well.

9-4-83 Recalibrate all working pressure transducers.

Calibrate wellhead temperature guage at CW-1.

Remove downhole pressure probe from the Carroll well. Recalibrate

transducer.

9-6-83 Remove downhole pressure probe from the Spires and Mest well.

Finish packing equipment.

9-7-83 Leave Klamath Falls for LBL.

CW l-(Prod. Well)

Figure 2-1. Locations of wells monitored during aquifer test

Injection well location^ Production well location^

Symbols O^ype F recorder D Hand measured by D. C. Long

transducer/type F recorder A Owner monitored

0 1200 2400 ft

10

Production veil

History

The production well, CW-1, was completed to a depth of 900 ft in January

1980. (See location map, fig. 2-1.) The well penetrates alternating layers

of clay, tuff, and basic volcanic fragments. The lithology is shown sche-

matically in figure 2-2. Also shown in figure 2-2 is the temperature profile

measured shortly after the well was completed. Note that the maximum temper-

ature in the well occurs at a depth of approximately 73 m (240 ft). Below

this depth the temperature decreases and remains nearly isothermal between 76

m (250 ft) and the bottom of the well.

CW-1 was first pump tested in January, 1980. At that time, the well was

cased to 360 ft. The well produced 88°C (190°F) water at a maximum rate of

3.7 kg/s (60 gpm) with a drawdown of 51.8 m (170 ft). The low temperature of 2

the water and very low well productivity of 7.14 x 10 kg/s/m (0.35 gpm/ft)

made the well unsuitable for its intended use. Consequently, the well was

perforated from 59.4 m to 73.2 m (195 ft to 240 ft).

Shortly thereafter the well was pump tested. A maximum rate of 56 kg/s

(900 gpm) of 101 °C (214°F) water was obtained with a drawdown of 15.2 m (50

ft). After perforation the productivity index of the well was 3.73 kg/s/m (18

gpm/ft). The significant increase in the well productivity after perforation

indicates that nearly all of the water is entering the well between 59.4 m and

73.2 m (195 ft and 240 ft).

In late 1981 and early 1982, two short pump tests were conducted on

CW-1. During the first test, the well was pumped at a reported rate of 49 kg/s

(780 gpm) with a drawdown of 2.5 m (8 ft) for two hours (Benson, 1982a). At

this rate the measured wellhead temperature was 98.3°C (209°F). The calcu-

lated productivity index of the well at this time was 19.6 kg/s/m (97.5 gpm/ft).

In February 1982, the well was pumped at a reported rate of 34 kg/s (540 gpm)

for approximately four days. A drawdown of 1.4 m (4.5 ft) and a temperature of

97.8°C (208°F) were measured. The calculated productivity index was 24.3 kg/s/m

(120 gpm/ft).

11

70

TEMPERATURE(°C)

60 90 100

FT. 160 170 0

100 -

200

300 -

400 -

500 -

600

700

800

900

TEMPERATURE (°F)

ISO 190 200

KF-2 Eltv. 4176'

1000

500

600

No sample.

Buff-brown clay.Light gray clay.Brown ash with white tuff fragments.Gray vitreous claystone with white tuff fragments.Massive gray claystone.Black basic volcanic fragments with gray tuffaceous

sediment and gray claystone with diatoms. Gray to brown calcitic silty claystone with basic

volcanic fragments.Dark gray basic volcanic fragments and gray silty claystone with diatoms. Gray calcitic silty claystone with basic volcanic

fragments. Gray basic volcanic fragments with claystone and

rhyolitic tuff fragments.

Salt and pepper basic volcanic fragments.

Black basic volcanic fragments.

Gray volcanic silty sediment.

Volcanic fragments and ash.

Black aphanitic basic volcanic fragments.

Gray volcanic ash-silty claystone.

Unconsolidated volcanic sediment with black basic volcanic fragments and vitreous tuff.

Red scoriaceous tuff.

Gray basic volcanic fragments.

Gray basic volcanic fragments.

Gray vitreous tuffaceous fragments with volcanic ash,silt, and basic volcanic fragments.

Light to dark gray basic volcanic fragments with redtuffaceous fragments.

XBL 813-2763

Figure 2*2. Temperature profile and lithologic log in City Well-1

(production well)

12

Aquifer Test, July 5 - August 24, 1983

Pumping rates and drawdown were measured daily throughout the test (table

2-1). For the first twenty days of the test the rate was maintained at 43.5

kg/s (720 gpm) (fig. 2-3). The drawdown varied from 2.5 to 3 m (8 to 10 ft).

The wellhead temperature remained constant at 100*C (212.3*F). On the twenty-

first day of the test, reinjection began. The back presssure created by the

reinjection well resulted in a slightly lower and variable flowrate. The rate

decreased from 41.8 kg/s (690 gpm) to 40.0 kg/s (660 gpm) over the remaining

four weeks of the test. The temperature of the pumped water remained steady

throughout the entire test. The productivity index for the well, based on these

data, is 15 kg/s/m (72 gpm/ft).

A review of the historical and current test data on this well indicates:

(1) The produced fluid enters the wellbore between 59.4 m and 73.2 m

(195-240 ft).

(2) The production temperature is rate dependent; the higher the flowrate,

the higher the temperature of the produced water.

(3) The well draws water from a large reservoir of apparently constant

temperature.

(4) The productivity index of the well is in the range of 15 kg/s/m to

24.3 kg/s/m (72 gpm-120 gpm/ft). The variation in the value is

probably the result of instrument discrepancies rather than a long-

term trend.

Injection well

History

The County Museum well was completed to a total depth of 376.4 m (1,235 ft)

in May 1975. (See location map, fig. 2-1.) The well was drilled with a rotary

rig. The lithology, shown in figure 2-4, consists primarily of alternating

layers of clay, shale (probably some tuff also), and basalt. Many of the basalt

layers appeared to be fractured. The well was cased from the surface to a

13

Table 2-1. Production-veil and injection-veil data

Date Flovrate Pump veil Injection veilTemperature Water level

(gpm)

7-05-8 & 0,7207-06-83 7207-07-83 7207-08-83 7207-09-83 7207-10-83 7207-11-83 7207-12-83 7207-13-83 7207-14-83 7207-15-83 7207-16-83 7207-17-83 7207-18-83 7207-19-83 7207-20-83 7207-21-83 7207-22-83 7207-23-83 7207-24-83 7207-25-83, , 7207-26-83=-' 720,6957-27-83 6907-28-83 6857-29-83 6957-30-83 6957-31-83 6958-01-83 6908-02-83 6908-03-83 6908-04-83 6908-05-83 6908-06-83 6858-07-83 6858-08-83 6858-09-83 6808-10-83 6808-11-83 6808-12-83 6808-13-83 6808-14-83 6808-15-83 6808-16-83 6758-17-83 6708-18-83 6658-19-83 6658-20-83 6658-21-83 6658-22-83 6658-23-83,, 6608-24-83^- 660

. .(*F> -

212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3212.3

Reported temperatures are corrected toCalibration indicatedthe test.

2/ Gauge resolution of 0.5

' Pumping starts at 15:104/ Injection starts at 10:

-1 Shut in at 17:35:41 C*

that the gauge

psi equivalent

(3:10 p.m.).

11.

5:35 p.m.)

9/(ft>~^

64,727474747474747474747474747474747474727272727169.569.569.569.569.568.568.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.567.566.566.5

66.5, 63

post-test calibration

veil-headpressure

(psi)

000000000000000000000

0,373936373738383838383939394040404040404040 424342434343

was reading 3.25*F low throughout

column of water (^ 1 . 15 feet).

14

wv

80

0

70

0

*E 6

00

Q.

£ 5

00

o I.

400

E D °" 3

00

200

100 °c

1

_ C

- - -

1

i i

i i

i i

i i

i i

ityW

ell-1

P

umpi

ng R

ate

V, ....

....

Pro

duct

ion

tem

pera

ture

-212

, 3 °F

i i

i i

i i

i i

i i

- - - _

) 5

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

6

50

40 \ _

*so

- o

20

E D

10 0°

Tim

e (d

ays)

XB

L83

II-2

3I4

Fig

ure

2

-3.

Cit

y w

ell-

1

pum

ping

ra

te

(pro

du

ctio

n w

ell)

depth of 137.31 m (450.5 ft) with a 10.75-inch (1/4-inch wall thickness) liner.

The remainder of the well is uncased. A schematic of the final well configura-

tion is shown in figure 2-4.

Upon completion, the well was flow tested. The shut-in pressure of the

artesian well was approximately 2 psig, and, wide open, the well produced

approximately 11.4 kg/s (188 gpm) of 86.7°C (188°F) water. In August 1976,

the Oregon Institute of Technology conducted a 28-hour production/interference

test on the County Museum well. The well was pumped at three rates, 19.4 kg/s

(320 gpm), 28.5 kg/s (470 gpm), and 40.6 kg/s (670 gpm). At the highest rate

the reported productivity index was 66 kg/s/m (23.10 gpm/ft) (Lund, 1978).

Since completion, the well has been used with a downhole heating loop to heat

the County Museum. During recent years, in the winter months, the artesian

head drops below the ground surface and a small pump is required to maintain the

surface temperatre of the water.

In September 1981, a sixteen-hour injection test was conducted on the

well. Approximately 99°C (210°F) water from city wells CW-1 and CW-2 was

injected into the Museum Well at a maximum rate of 58 kg/s (960 gpm). An

injectivity index of 1.65 kg/s/m (8.5 gpm/ft) was reported (Benson 1982a).

After the injection test test it was determined by running a sinker bar that the

well bottom had filled with debris from the original depth of 376.4 m (1,235 ft)

to a depth of 364.2 m (1,195 ft) (Charles Leib, personal commun., 1983).

A second injection test was conducted in February, 1982. For five days,

approximately 32.7 kg/s (549 gpm) of 76 to 96°C (170-205°F) water from CW-1 was

injected into the well. An injectivity index of 5.8 kg/s/m (29 gpm/ft) was

reported (Benson, 1982b).

At the present time, the County Museum Well serves the dual purposes of

heating the museum with a downhole loop and being the injection well for the

Klamath Falls District Heating System. As part of the 1983 Klamath Falls

Resource Study, the well was used for injection during the second phase of

the program. Three types of data were obtained from the well: temperature and

downhole flowmeter logs, well injectivity, and pressure-transient falloff

data. These data are discussed in the following sections.

16

0

100

200

300

400

500

£ 600Q. 0>

0 700

800

900

1,000

1,100

1,200

94Tempera tu re (°C)

96 98 100 Well Completion202 204 206 208 210

Temperature (°F)

Spinner survey

100

212

Temperature prof i le

10,25

9.63"

7.88"

500

Original TD 1235' ._______________(376m)

1,000 1,500

RPM

Lithology

, Fill to " 1180' "(360 mf

25

50

75

100

125

150 ~E

175 ;g200 &

-225

-250

-275

-300

- 325

-350

2,000 I~wmi 11 TD 1235'(376,4m)

F: - ^ clay and shale I I basalt and clay

EH3 shale E*H*3 basalt

basalt and shale

XBL83II-23I7

Figure 2-4. Well completion, lithology, temperature profile, and spinner

(fluid velocity) survey in the County Museum Well (injection well)

17

The 1983 Injection Test

Borehole Logs

A total of five logs were successfully run in the County Museum Well

during the injection phase of the test; a sinker bar test to locate the bottom

of the well, a static temperature profile, a downhole flowmeter survey to

identify the lithologic units accepting the injected fluid, an "injection

temperature profile", and a seven inch disk was lowered to the bottom of the

well to locate borehole constrictions. To facilitate running the logs, the

downhole heating loop was removed from the well.

On July 24, 1983, prior to injection, a sinker bar was run into the well.

The well "bottom" was located at a depth of 358.7 m (1,177 ft). Slow sinking of

the probe, once located on the bottom, indicated that the well was at least par-

tially filled with soft muddy material. This survey suggested that an addi-

tional 4 to 6 m (15-20 ft) of fill had sloughed into the well since the previous

measurement in 1981. The temperature profile shown in figure 2-5 was also ob-

tained at this time. A maximum temperature of 92.9*C (199*F) was measured at a

depth of 305 m (1,000 ft). From a depth of approximately 183 m (600 ft) to the

bottom of the well, the temperature profile is nearly isothermal, indicating a

convective thermal regime in the reservoir or inter-zone flow in the wellbore.

Without additional information it is not possible to distinguish between these

two possibilities.

On August 15 a downhole flowmeter (spinner) survey was conducted in order

to determine which interval(s) were accepting the injected water. A spinner is

essentially a vertical water-velocity meter. Therefore, as the instrument is

lowered into the well, and fluid is injected into the rock strata above the

instrument, the water velocity should decrease (if bore diameter remains con-

stant). In practice, it is often found, especially in wells that are completed

without a liner, that the vertical velocity is highly erratic, reflecting

variations in the bore diameter, rather than the distribution of permeable

strata. If such is the case, only a crude interpretation of the data is pos-

sible without an independent measurement of the bore diameter.

18

Temperature (°C)

40 50 60 70 80 90 100 110 120 130

a> a>

100

200

300

400

500

600a. a>0 700

800

900

1000

1100

1200

I I I I T I I I County Museum Well Temperature Profile 7-24-83

100

200

300

400

500

600

700

120 140 160 180 200 220

Temperature (°F)

240 260

XBL 8312-2521

Figure 2-5. Temperature profile measured in the County Museum Well

(injection well) prior to fluid injection

19

The spinner survey from the County Museum Well is shown in figure 2-4.

Through the cased portion of the well, the fluid velocity (RPM) is nearly

constant, as expected. Below the casing, the vertical fluid velocity is highly

erratic, reflecting substantial variations in the bore diameter. In fact,

between the bottom of the casing and 1,585 m (520 ft) the well bore diameter

increases to at least 1.5 feet. Comparison of the average fluid velocity in the

casing to the average velocity below this interval indicates that approximately

50 percent of the injected fluid enters the rock formations between 143 m and

158.5 m (470-520 ft). It can not be determined if injection is evenly dis-

tributed over this entire interval or concentrated at one or several depths. As

can be seen from the lithologic log in figure 2-4, this interval occurs in a

shale (or tuff) which separates two basalt units. The shale (tuff), basalts

and/or the contacts between these units are all potential candidates as the

unit(s) accepting fluid. No injection appears to occur between 158.5 m and 310

m (520-1,017 ft). The large jump in vertical fluid velocity at 289 m (950 ft)

results from the decrease in the drilled bore diameter. The remainder of fluid

is injected into the well below 310 m (1,017 ft), probably between 310 m and 330

m. However, the lack of information on the bore diameter prevents conclusive

interpretation. The lower injection interval occurs in a relatively thick

basalt and shale (tuff) unit. The "injection temperature" profile shown in

figure 2-4, confirms that fluid is being injected to a depth of at least 335 m

(1,100 ft).

Well Injectivity

Injection rates and wellhead injection pressures were measured throughout

the 29-day injection period. The data are tabulated in table 2-1. The injec-

tion rate, which decreased from 42 kg/s (695 gpm) to 40 kg/s (660 gpm) over the

injection period, is shown in figure 2-6. The wellhead pressures increased from

approximately 39 psig to 43 psig over the test period. The temperature of the

injected fluid remained constant throughout at 99°C (210.5°F). Note that the

injection temperature is 5 to 10°C (9-18°F) higher than the temperature pre-

viously measured in the Museum well (see figures 2-4 and 2-5). The average well

20

injectivity during this test was 1.43 kg/s/m (7.1 gpm/ft). The apparent de-

crease of well injectivity (and productivity), both during the test and since

the measurements in 1976 and 1982 may be attributed to the gradual filling of

the we 11 bore with material sloughing into the well from the wellbore face,

perhaps from between 143 and 158.5 m (470-520 ft).

Pressure-Falloff Data

On the last day of the injection test, a pressure transducer was lowered

into the injection well. The injection pressure was measured at a depth of 274

m (900 ft) for several hours prior to shutin. The pressure falloff was then

observed for eight days (table 2-2 and fig. 2-7 ). Analysis of the data

indicated that total permeability-thickness of the formations penetrated by the

well is 4.1 x 10~ tn (1.35 x 10 md-ft) and that the well has a large positive

skin factor. The large skin factor reflects the fact that the permeabilities of

the rocks immediately adjacent to the wellbore are lower than those of the

reservoir rocks. Large positive skin factors are usually indicative of near

wellbore formation damage caused by drilling-mud invasion. However, there

are several alternative explanations; the cause also could be a turbulent flow

regime in the near-bore fractures, gradual permeability reduction due to par-

ticulate or bacterial plugging in the formation, or the geological distribution

of permeable strata and fractures or faults.

References

Benson, S. M., 1982a, Klamath Falls (WP-1 and WP-2) system check, September 29

through 30, 1981, unpublished report to the City of Klamath Falls, Oregon.

_____, 1982b, Klamath Falls (WP-1, Supply and distribution network, Museum Well)

system check, February 8 through 12, 1983, unpublished report to the City

of Klamath Falls, Oregon.

Lund, J. W., 1978, Geothermal hydrology and geochemistry of Klamath Falls,

Oregon, Urban Area, Oregon Institute of Technology, final report to the

U.S. Geological Survey, USGS Grant No. 14-08-000l-G-291.

21

Table 2-2. Pressure-falloff data - injection well

Date Time

8-24-83 17:35:4117:35:4217:35:4217:35:4617:35:4817:35:5117:35:5617:36:0117:36:1617:36:3117:36:5117:37:2117:38:1117:39:0117:41:3117:44:0117:46:2117:51:2117:59:4118:08:0118:24:4118:41:2118:58:0019:31:2020 : 21 : 2022:00:00

8-25-83 04:00:0010 : 00 : 0020 : 00 : 00

A t seconds

01257

101520355070

100150200350500700

1,0001,5002,0003,0004,0005,0007,000

10,00015,00036,60058,20094,200

Pressure psia

428.40427.43424.94416.45409.89404.70399.74397.21394.76394.28394.10393.95393.82393.73393.57393.46393.37393.18392.82392.55392.44392.42392.42392.36392.36392.40392.27392.14392.00

22

10

^7U

U

80

0

70

0

1 6

00

QL Iso

oc ° 4

00

o ~

300

200

100 n

1

Cou

nty

Mus

eum

Wel

l

-

i

i i

i

njec

tion

Rot

e

Inje

ctio

n te

mpe

ratu

re ~

2IO

,5°F

i i

i0

10

15

2025

30

35

T

ime

(day

s)

50 40

CD

30

c o " * o

20 -£

10 040

45

50

55

60

XBL8

3II-

23I5

Figure 2-6. County Museum Well injection ra

te

430

390

Injection Well Pressure Fa 11 off Data

(County Museum Well)

kH=l,35xl06 md-ft 5=42,6

= 29.6psi

10 100 1,000 Time (seconds)

10,000 100,000

XBL831I-23I6

Figure 2*7. Injection-we11 pressure-falloff data, County Museum Well

24

Table

2-3.

-

Wells monitored fo

r th

e geothermal aq

uife

r te

st

[ DH

E

Downhole Heat Exchange]

Water

level -

, in feet below measuring point

Well

number

Owner

LBL

Transducers/ Type F

3 4 8 24 39 101

123

177

200

203

215

347

Carrol 1

Parks

VI ah os

Assembly of

God

Medo

-Bel

Da

iry

Head

Spires & Mest

Page

Roge

r s

Parks

Stea

mer

Harl

ey Da

vid so

n

Dearborn

Addr

ess

of well

Dept

h (f

t)

reco

rder

/~\

155

N. We

ndli

ng

325

Old

Fort

Rd

.

2022

Main

235

S. La

guna

1500

Es

plan

ade

2051

Er

ie

120

East Main

1721

Menlo

Way

132

Lagu

na

Gibbs

& Ol

d Fort Rd

1409

Main St

.

Main & Alameda

303

795

198

363

765

250

900

465

329

205

300

Temperature

Date

CO 101

112 65 91 98 93 86

06-82

88

03-8

0 93

08-76

101

1978

60

12-6

8 97

Sour

ce

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

Drill, log

Drill, log

Drill, log

OIT

Dril

l, log

Heat

ex

trac

tion

me

thod

Unus

ed

Unus

ed

DHE

DHE

Unus

ed

Unus

ed

Artesian

Unus

ed

DHE

Unus

ed

Pumped

DHE

Distance to

pr

oduc

tion

well

(f

t) 540

703

930

1,280

2,74

0

1,03

0

2,10

0

2,20

0

409

122

2,77

0

630

Dist

ance

to

inje

ctio

n well

(ft)

3,20

0

3,460

2,130

3,46

0

630

2,120

750

860

2,66

0

2,84

0

160

2,57

0

Pre-

Pre-

pr

oduc

tion

injection

July 5

July 26

99 70 43 75 10 36 49 23

.66

103.77

Stop

pump

Au

g. 24

100.14

.51

73.4

0 72

.60

Inst

rume

nt re

move

d 07

-17-

83

.24

46.3

8

11.4

8

.02

79.14

4.97

.93

13.4

5

.17

40.1

6

.21

53.93

6.42

.46

28.0

5

42.57

(artesian)

75.61

+1 . 13^

8.74

34.20

50.8

1

1.52

24.2

1

Well

s 3

through 215

on this pa

ge were monitored solely by

LBL using a down-hole transducer.

Well 439

(Med

o-Be

l Dairy)

not

measured at

start

of test;

instrume

nt re

move

d 07-31-83 when well began

to fl

ow.

Wells 4123 (S

pire

s and

Mest

) and

4215

(H

arle

y Da

vids

on)

not

measured at

start

of test.

2/

Water level

measured in

standpipe

above

land surface.

Table

2-3.

Wells monitored for

the

geothermal aq

uife

r test

(Con

tinu

ed)

[ DHE *

Downhole He

at Exchange]

Water

level,

in feet below measuring point

Well

number

Owner

Type 43

79

80

83 97 118

122

126

141

166

178

261

273

274

448

Addr

ess

of w

ell

Dept

h (f

t)

Temperature

Date CO

Sour

ce

Heat

Distance to

extr

acti

on

prod

ucti

on

meth

od

well

(ft)

Dist

ance

to

in

ject

ion

well

(f

t)

Pre-

pr

oduc

tion

Ju

ly 5

Pre-

injection

July 26

Stop

pump

Aug. 24

F Recorder

(Ste

vens

) (~

\

Klam

ath

Cold

St

orag

e Kl

amat

h Un

ion

High School

Jones

Stanke

Ange

l

Svanev ik

Ponderosa

School

Chri

stia

n Ce

nter

Eldorado Pl

ace

Card

Phil

lips

Olso

n

Eck

Zion

Ch

urch

Murphy^

661

Spri

ng

1

Monclaire

St.

310

Spri

ng &

312

Spri

ng

424

Hill

side

307

Damont

1932

Po

rtla

nd

107

S. Williams

115

N. Alameda

2200

N.

Eldorado

1902 Esplanade

1945 Auburn

516

Old

Fort Rd

.

2130

He

rber

t

Eleventh St

.

443

Lagu

na

,100

240

485

136

392

340

429

516

407

613

360

975

199

838

44

67

67

99 95 94 93 88

11-7

5 26

08-79

99

03-8

3 88

09-80

102

07-7

6 97

11-8

2 54

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

Dril

l, lo

g

Dril

l, lo

g

Drill, lo

g

Drill, lo

g

Drill, log

Drill, lo

g

Pumped

Pump

/ reinject

Pump

ed -DH

E

Unus

ed

DHE

DHE

DHE

Unus

ed

Unus

ed

DHE

DHE

Unus

ed

Unus

ed

Unus

ed

DHE

3,00

0

3,06

0

2,730

1,12

0

380

3,100

1,26

0

950

7,18

0

2,380

2,000

1,62

0

360

3,990

1,05

0

2,460

1,290

1,120

2,310

2,75

0

2,450

3,700

1,78

0

6,200

1,62

0

1,600

4,05

0

2,50

0

1,340

2,710

8.0

109.40

94.1

74.1

50.9

15.3

6

41.3

120.2

38.0 7.1

152.86

8.4

8.22

10.8

112.83

97.7

76.8

1

52.58

17.9

97.63

44.6

40.38

123.

7

42.7 7.9

4.1

5.9

109.0

93.7

72.62

49.8

5

14.5

5

95.46

40.5

36.2

4

120.

7

39.1 7.3

I/Graphic plot no

t in

clud

ed in fi

gure

s.

Table

2-3. Wells

moni

tore

d fo

r th

e geothermal aquifer

test

(C

onti

nued

)

Wate

r le

vel,

Wel

l nu

nber

*--

---

--"

"

Han

d m

19 22

N>

51- j

124

135

186

194

256

264

294

360

Ow

ner

-

easu

red

by D

. C

.

Gli

dden

The

xton

Bai

ley

Har

dt/

Dav

is

Ros

s

Fil

l»ore

Ter

rier

Ken

t

Coo

per

Spi

elm

an

Car

ter

Add

ress

o

f w

ell

-

Lon

fcd

1800

F

airm

ount

235

N.

Ala

med

a

1850

L

owel

l

535

Lag

una

1879

D

el

Mor

o

212

Hil

lsid

e

234

Lag

una

2325

L

inda

V

ista

43

0 L

agun

a

1500

P

acif

ic

Ter

race

11

00

N.

Eld

orad

o

Tem

pera

ture

ex

(

Dep

th

(ft)

638

254

625

997

152

150

240

1,08

0

268

525

125

Dat

e(

__

08-5

6

06-7

9

05-5

8

04-7

9

10-7

7

05-8

3

02-8

1

Sou

rce

«V

I) _

_____ _

__

__

_

92 94 94 R&O*

T 93

93 103

130

102 93

89

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

Dri

ll,

log

Dri

ll,

log

Dri

ll,

log

OIT

Dri

ll,

log

3/CR

GD^-

'

Dri

ll,

log

Hea

t tr

acti

on

net h

od. D

HE it in?

U

tlEi

DH

E

it in

? U

tlCi

DH

E

DH

E

DH

E

nui?

UH

K

DH

E

ntn?

UtlE

i

DH

E

*-

iim

ai-

lf

SI

Dis

tance

to

1

pro

duct

ion

wel

l (f

t)

6,38

0

1,25

0

5,60

0

1,35

0

4,6

00

500

140

1,79

0

960

5,27

0

4,06

0

rror

.

Dis

tanc

e to

in

jecti

on

p w

ell

(ft)

6,29

0

1,46

0

4,73

0

2,78

0

3,85

0

2,20

0

2,56

0

3,26

0

2,54

0

4,78

0

3,15

0

Pre

- P

re-

stop

reduct

ion

inje

cti

on

pu»P

Ju

ly

5 Ju

ly

2*

Aug

. 24

239.

I*1

' 24

4. 7

3±'

241.

35

^

20.4

1

95.7

7

218.

48^

72.4

8

52.8

2

57.6

8

291.

29^

131.

63

132.

30

46.8

2

22.6

7

97.2

8

227.

IS

^7

75.9

4

56.1

7

60.3

7

309.0

5^'

135.

32

(7-2

9-8

3)

135.

50

49.1

8

19.3

9

93.9

7

224.

88^'

71.7

9

52.4

6

56.6

3

305.

36

^

132.

52

131.

34

47.3

4

Repo

rted

wa

ter-le

vel

measurements conmud^v. -..-_._

2/

Grap

hic

plot no

t in

clud

ed in

fi

gure

s.

Repo

rted

water-level

measurements considered un

reli

able

3/

Data obtained by

Ci

tize

ns fo

r Re

spon

sibl

e Geothermal Development.

as a

result of instrument er

ror,

Table

2-3. Wells

monitored

for

the

geot

herm

al aquifer

test

(Continued)

[ DHE

* Do

wnho

le He

at Exchange]

Water

leve

l,

in feet be

low measuring

poin

t

Well

number

Owne

r

Owne

r

37 61 62 110

10 oo 1

27 128

143

157

165

170

181

216

277

310

monitored /\

Ston

e

Juck

elan

d

Phelps

East

Main Ap

ta-

2/

Adam

chec

k-

Hart

Rane

y

Heat

on &

War dell

Math

ews

Lawrence

Hessig

H.rt

±7

Klam

ath

Medi

cal

Clin

ic^

Feeb

ack

Address

of w

ell

133

Hillside

2043

La

vey

1868 Fremont

236

East Main

Laguna &

Old

Fort Rd

.20

52 Lavey

1126 El

dora

do

700

Lotn

a Linda

1832 Ea

rle

2384

Linda

Vist

a410

Hill

side

125

Eldorado

1905 M

ain

207

Haskins

Temperature

Depth

(ft)

200

275

126

452

233

152

455

180

805

163

690

.-

470

Date CO 102 88 91 72 100 72

07-4

8 96

02-57

103

06-8

3 82

08-73

106

01-63

93

03-83

71

04-5

8 96

1956

100

Source

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

OIT

Dril

l .l

og

Dril

l.lo

g

Owne

r

Drill.log

Drill .l

og

S.Sw

anso

n

Drill.log

CRG^'

Heat

extr

acti

on

method

DHE

DHE

DHE

Arte

sian

Pumped

DHE

DHE

DHE

DHE

DHE

DHE

DHE

Arte

sian

DHE

DHE

Dist

ance

to

prod

ucti

on

well

(ft) 420

880

3,95

0

1,850

140

810

4,19

0

2,03

0

2,80

0

1,42

0

990

1,930

1,160

1,480

Dist

ance

to

Pre-

injection

production

well

July

5

(ft)

2,38

0

2,05

0

2,98

0

1,850

2,640

2,030

3,310

2,89

0

1,57

0

2,92

0

2,22

0

760

1,620

2,25

0

38.8

76.6

44.2 0.0

(6-28-83)

49.8

56.25

246.

5

29.2

245.6

102.

7

+2.5

36.25

Pre-

inje

ctio

n July 26

42.0

79.5

46.5 3.6

(07-24-83)

52.7

5

59.92

59.3

249.2

32.0

248.9

106.7

5.0

7.25

(07-

24-8

3)

38.7

Stop

pump

Aug. 24

37.4

75.8

42.4

+0.4

6(8-24-83)

49.0

55.9

2

55.2

244.

5

244.

8

102.

3

3.42

35.5

We

ll monitored

by Ch

arle

s Le

ib.

' Well mo

nito

red

by A. L.

St

one.

Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory Temperature Data

29

O o

CD

3 * O w. CD CL

CD

57

56

55

54

53

52

51

58

57

56

55

54

53

52

32

31

1 I I I I I I I

Assembly of God Well (ot5,5m/l8ft,)

B

o

Spires and Mest Well (at 3m/10ft,)

Harley Davidson Well (at 25m/82 ft,)I I___i i___i___i___L

134

132

130

128

126

124

136

134

132

130

128

126

908988

u_o

CD

a> a.e

.CD

10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Time (days)

XBL8311-2325

Figure 2*8. Temperature changes with time during aquifer test:

A, #24 Assembly of God well

B. #123 Spires and Mest well

C* #215 Harley Davidson well

30

Downhole Temperature Data

37,0

36,0

96,0

95,0

81,0

^ 80,0 o ^ 79,0

o 99,00>

§98,0

82,5

81,5

80,5

99,5

98,5

i i i i i i i i i i i ~ fr Page Well (at~!5m/49ft,)

- - ~ v ~v^ -

HeadWell (at~38m/l24ft.)

BParks Well (at~l9,5m/64ft.)

C -Carroll Well (at-37.5m /123ft.)

D -^ r^"' " ;' Rogers Well (at~l7m/56ft.)

-E Y ' -Parks Steamer Well (at 19.5m /64ft.)

i i i i i i i i i i i

98,0

97,0

205.0204,0 203,0

177,0

176,0 _

175,0 £ 174,0 o

3

210,0 %209,0 £ 208,0 £

180,0 179,0178,0 177,0

211,0210,0 209,0

0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Time (days)

XBL83H-2324

Figure 2-9. Temperature changes with time during aquifer test

A. #177 Page well D, #3 Carroll well

B» #101 Head well E. #200 Rogers well

C. #4 Parks well F* #203 Parks steamer well

31

o

^CD .Q

CO

0

20

40

60

80

100

120

Q.CDO 140

160

180

200

Temperature (°C)

0 20 40 60 80 100 120

Page WellTemperature FVofile 6-28-83

50 100 150 200 250

Temperature (°F)XBL 8312-2522

Figure 2-10. #177 Page well temperature profile, 5-28-83

32

o

0

20

40

60

CD 80 Q

50

Temperature (°F)100 150 200

100

Head WellTemperature Profile 6-24-83

0 20 40 60 80 100

Temperature (°C)

250

120

XBL83IO-2293

Figure 2-11. #101 Head well temperature profile, 6*24-83

33

Lawrence Berkeley Laboratory well-interference data

34

ol

25.5

0

25.0

0

2450

2400

23.5

0

23

00

22.5

0

22.0

0

21.0

0

21.5

0

Car

roll

Wel

l In

terfe

renc

e D

ata

010

15

205

30

35

Tim

e (d

ays)

2.0

1.0 0 1.0

2.0

3.0

4.0

5.0

6.0

7.0

40

4

5

50

55

6

0

CD

CD CD

O>

C o

o

"o5

XB

L83

1Q-3

377

Fig

ure

2*12.

#3 C

arr

oll

w

ell

U)

37.5

0

37

.00

36

.50

g

'in ^~* o>

36.0

0

to in 2

35.5

0

35

.00

34.5

0

2/1

rv\

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1 1

1

Par

ks W

ell I

nter

fere

nce

Dat

a -

\ \\

^v

\^

^ ^

~~

Tr

ansd

ucer

rem

oved

~

_

i i

i i

i i

i i

i i

i

2.0

1.0

0 -1.0

-2.0

-3.0

-4.0

-5.0

-6.0

^ CD

H

c a o "53 > CD

CD 1

'n10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

5560

Tim

e (d

ays)

Fig

ure

2-1

3.

#4

Par

ks

wel

l

XB

L 8

311

3382

to

70.0

_

JZ.o

\

J

7V. o

_

Uts

/y 5

24

, /?

&3

5H>F PUMPING

Avc

,A

uc,

Sfe

/7

Figu

re 2-14 Wa

ter

levels me

asur

ed during th

e pumping

and

inje

ctio

n te

st

Stevens

Recorder

#4 Pa

rks

325

Old

Fort

Rd.

(Jul

y 21

-

September

9,

Dist

ance

to

production

we

ll:

Dist

ance

to injection

well

: Depth:

703

ft3,4

60

ft'9

5

ft

Pressure (psia)

TO'c(ft

N31

11

=**00

i i i i i i i i/- <

- j 9- -^ - ^

/ 1" / H~ ^/ CD ~~

~ a - Q_Q

_ _

-

1 1 1 1 1 1 1 1 I 100 O 1 1 1 1 1 1n cj>en-^eMro "foojSS bbbbbbobbb

Waterlevel change (feet)

LO

VO

CD ct

23.0

0

22.5

0

22.0

0

21.5

0

21.0

0

20.5

0

20.0

0

19.5

0

19.0

0

18.5

0

Ass

embl

y of

God

Wel

l In

terfe

renc

e D

ata

010

15

20

25

30

35

Tim

e (d

ays)

3.0

2.0 1.0 o

8

-1.0

-2.0

CD

<? o CD

-3.0

I

-4.0

-5.0

-6.0

40

45

50

5

5

60-7

.0

XBL 83114008

Figu

re 2*

16. #24

Assembly of

Go

d we

ll

£O

AJU

25

.50

25

00

£

24

.50

Q.

^

24.0

0D

(/) (/) £

23.5

0^^

23

.00

22

.50

99 n

n

1 I

1 1

1 1

1 1

I 1

! -

Med

o-Be

l W

ell

Inte

rfere

nce

Dat

a

_

/Well starts to flo

w

~ - - - " -i

i i

i i

i i

i i

i i

8.0

7.0

6.0

5.0

40

3.0

2.0

1.0

0

"5

44.0

0

43.5

0

43.0

0

42.5

0 'g '(S

)

3

42.0

0

"(/)

Q.

=5

(/)

Q_

19,5

19,0

18,5

18,0

17,5

17,0

16,5

16,0

Spire

s an

d M

est W

ell

Inte

rfere

nce

Dat

a

15,5 0

1015

20

25

30

35Ti

me

(day

s)40

45

50

55

8,0

7,0

6,0

5,0

4,0

3,0 "oC

O

1,0

:

0

J-1,0

60 XBL

8312

-252

5

Figu

re 2-

19. #123 Spires and

Mest we

ll

Pressure (psia)

OJ

a

OJ CMen O

OJ-& D O

OJOJen D O

OJ on cn O

OJ CD O O

OJcr>8

OJ -J

8OJ->i Ln O

NJ

NJ O

QL Q̂< (ft

ro O

ro en

OJ O

O4 (Jl

O

en

en O

en en

3"tQa>

CD CD

OCDOQ Q"

OJb

ro ro oj b b o b b bbb

Waterlevel change (feet)

27.5

0

27.0

0

26.5

0

_

26.0

0D 3

2550

=3 8

25

00

QL

24.5

0

24.0

0

23.5

0

23.0

0

Rog

ers W

ell I

nter

fere

nce

Dat

a

0

4.0

3.0

2.0 1.0 0

-1.0

-2.0

-3.0

-4.0

-50

10

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

60

Tim

e (d

ays)

CD

CD CD

O>

O CD

XB

L 8

310-

3375

Figure 2*21. #200 Rogers veil

30,0

0

29,5

0

29

,00

'S

28

,50

"c/> Q

.

o>

28,0

0c/>

c/> CD

27,5

0

27,0

0

26,5

0

26,0

0,

Par

ks S

team

er W

ell I

nter

fere

nce

Dat

a

'0

Tran

sduc

er

rem

oved

10

15

20

25

30

35

Tim

e (d

ays)

a>

2,0

1,0 0,0

-1,0

-2.0

-3,0

-4,0

0

-5,0

-6,0

0)

CD

40

45

50

55

60

XB

L83

1140

09

Fig

ure

2-2

2.

#203

P

ark

s st

eam

er

wel

l

34,0

33,5

33,0

*-

325

co °^

'°

QL CD v_ 13

co CO

CD V-

Q_

32,0

31,5

31,0

30.5

30,0

Har

ley

Dav

idso

n W

ell

Inte

rfere

nce

Dat

a

010

15

20

25

30

35

Tim

e (d

ays)

6,0

5,0

4,0

3,0

2,0

CD

CU cu 0> c 0i

r\li

O

>

CU

0 -1,0

-2,0

CU

-3,0

40

45

.50

55

60 XBL

8312

-252

6

Figure 2-

23. #2

15 Harley Davidson we

ll

en CD en

en

28.0

0

27.5

0

2700

26.5

0

26.0

0

25.5

0

25.0

0

1 1

1 1

1 1

I 1

1 1

1

Dea

rbor

n W

ell

Inte

rfere

nce

Dat

a

y/1

- \ V

/~

\x^ T

rans

duce

r re

mov

ed

i i

i i

i i

i i

i i

i

2.0

1.0

0

^ CD CD CD ai

-2.0

Ja

-3.0

-55 J5

-4.0

^ i

-5.0

-6.0

010

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

50

55

6

0

Tim

e (d

ays)

ML

8312

-252

0

Fig

ure

2*

24.

#347

D

earb

orn

w

ell

CHAPTER 3. ADDITIONAL WATER LEVELS AND TEMPERATURES MEASURED DURING

THE PUMPING AND INJECTION TEST

By

D. C. Long, S. R. Swanson, D. N. Hart, and P. J. Lineau

48

Z7.0 --

Jv/y

524

;

LB

t.

Tra

nS

eJ

uze

f

Uu

ue

Z

tJi>

i-<i>

Av&>

At>e

> 9

At>&

Fig

ure

3-1

ZS

5

/Z,

ft

Zi,

2,

Figu

re 3-2. Wa

ter

levels measured du

ring

the

pumping

and

injection

test

Distance to

pr

oduc

tion

we

ll:

3,00

0 ft

Dist

ance

to

injection

well:

2,46

0 ft

Depth:

1,10

0 ft

Data po

ints

ar

e th

ose

measured at ch

angi

ng of

chart.

#43

Klam

ath

Cold Storage

Stevens

Recorder

661

Spring

I

Figu

re 3-3. Wa

ter

levels measured du

ring

th

e pu

mpin

g an

d injection

test

Stevens

Reco

rder

#79

Klam

ath

Union

High

School

Monclaire

St.

Dist

ance

to pr

oduc

tion

we

ll:

Distance to

in

ject

ion

well

: Depth:

3,06

0 ft

1,29

0 ft

240

ft

Figure 3-

4. Water levels measured during th

e pumping an

d injection te

st

#80

Jones

Stevens Recorder

310

and

312

Spring St.

Distance to

production we

ll:

Distance to

in

ject

ion

well

: Depth:

2,73

0 ft.

1,12

0 ft.

485

ft.

109.

_

tlo.

_

III.

__

XAZ,

_

Figure 3-

5. Water

leve

ls measured during the

pumping and

injection te

st

Stevens Recorder

#83

Stan

ke

424

Hillside

Distance to

production we

ll:

Distance to

injection we

ll:

Depth:

1,12

0 ft

2,31

0 ft

136

ft

£ecr

khcr

rr>

al

Tes

t:

-to

AV

VS&

243

Figure 3-

6. Water

levels measured during th

e pumping and

injection te

st

Stevens Recorder

#97

Angel

307

Damo

ntD

ista

nce

to

pro

duct

ion w

ell

: 38

0 ft

Dis

tance

to

in

jecti

on

well

: 2,7

50

ftD

epth

: 39

2 ft

72.0

_

I

7V

.O _

1

Inje

ctio

n T

o M

use

um

Wel

l

Figu

re 3-7. Wa

ter

levels me

asur

ed du

ring

the

pumping

and

injection

test

#118 Sv

anev

ik

1932 Po

rtla

ndStevens

Reco

rder

Dist

ance

to production we

ll:

Dist

ance

to injection

well

: De

pth:

3,100

ft2,450

ft34

0 ft

ON

Figu

re 3-8. Wa

ter

levels measured during the

pump

ing

and

inje

ctio

n test

Stev

ens

Reco

rder

#122

Ponderosa

107

S. Williams

Dist

ance

to pr

oduc

tion

we

ll:

Dist

ance

to

injection

well

: Depth:

1,26

0 ft

3,70

0 ft

429

ft

15.0 -

/(..O -

i -a /7.0

-

00

97.0 --

5

-fa

24, /?

>3

S'3

28

/93o

Figure 3-

10. Water

levels me

asur

ed du

ring

th

e pumping

and

injection

test

#141 El

dora

do Pl

ace

2200 N.

El

dora

doSt

even

s Re

cord

er

Dist

ance

to

production we

ll:

7,18

0 ft

.Distance to

in

ject

ion

well

: 6,200

ft.

Dept

h:

40?

ft.

vo

4/.0-

I * I 43.0-

i

HS.O

-

Figure

3-

11. Wa

ter

levels measured du

ring

th

e pumping

and

inje

ctio

n test

#166 Ca

rd1902 Es

plan

ade

Stevens

Recorder

Dist

ance

to production we

ll:

2,380

ft.

Dist

ance

to in

ject

ion

well

: 1,

620

ft.

Depth:

613

ft.

k I 37-

0 --

I Q Jl

24, S163

zsSo

Figu

re 3-

12. Water


pumping an

d injection test

#178 Phillips

1945 Auburn St.

Stevens Recorder

Distance to production we

ll:

2,00

0 ft

Distance to injection we

ll:

1,60

0 ft

Depth:

360

ft

f/9-o

I

/2.2

.0 --

Sta

rt-P

ump

ing

Inje

ctio

n T

o M

use

um

Wel

l

Figu

re 3-


e pumping an

d injection te

st

#261 Olson

516

Old

Fort Rd.

Stevens Recorder


ll:

1,62

0 ft.

Distance to

injection we

ll:

4,050 ft

.Depth:

975

ft.

ON

to

37

.0-

h

380

^ } I -3

Zt,

June

Jon

e.

JO

/.V

Aoc,

Ao*

Figu

re 3-

14. Wa

ter

levels measured du

ring

the

pumping

and

inje

ctio

n test

#273

E

ck21

30 Herbert

Stevens

Reco

rder

Di

stan

ce to

pr

oduc

tion

we

ll:

360

ftDi

stan

ce to in

ject

ion

well

: 2,500

ftDe

pth:

199

ft

S.O

-

1.0

-

g.o -

1.0

-

e; m

al

Tes

/t

Ji>

Aj

.',

-Lo

Aug

us

Jvue

33,

Jut.'

/See 13

Figu

re 3-


e pumping an

d injection te

st

#274 Zion Church

Eleventh St

.Stevens Recorder


ll:

3,99

0 ft

Distance to

injection we

ll:

1,34

0 ft

Dept

h:

838

ft

I Z4I O _

_

Figure 3-


e pumping and

injection te

st

#19

Glidden

1800 Fairmount

Hand measurement


ll:


ll:

Depth:

6,380

ft6,290

ft63

8 ft

/g.O

$ ^

S

£o

Auat&

t 24 ', /9

03

Figu

re 3-17. Water levels measured during the

pumping an

d injection te

st

Hand measurement

#22

Thexton

235

N. Alameda


ll:


ll:

Depth:

1,25

0 ft

1,46

0 ft

254

ft

Figu

re 3-18 Wa

ter

levels me

asur

ed during the

pumping

and

injection

test

#51

Bailey

1850 Lo

well

St

.Hand me

asur

emen

tDistance to pr

oduc

tion

we

ll:

Dist

ance

to in

ject

ion

well

: Depth:

5,6

00

ft4

,73

0

ft62

5 ft

Figu

re 3-

19. Wa

ter


pumping

and

inje

ctio

n test

#124 Ha

rdt/

Davi

s 53

5 La

guna

Hand measurement

Dist

ance

to pr

oduc

tion

we

ll:

1,35

0 ft

Dist

ance

to in

ject

ion

well

: 2,780

ftDe

pth:

99

7 ft

72.0 -

-

13.0--

74.0

--

75.0

--

00

Figu

re 3-

20. Wa

ter

levels me

asur

ed du

ring

th

e pu

mpin

g an

d injection

test

#135

Ross

1879 De

l Mo

roHa

nd measurement

Distance to

pr

oduc

tion

we

ll:

Dist

ance

to in

ject

ion

well

: De

pth:

4,60

0 ft

3,85

0 ft

152

ft

Figu

re 3-

21. Wa

ter

levels measured du

ring

th

e pu

mpin

g and

inje

ctio

n test

Hand

measurement

#186

Fi

llmo

re

212

Hillside

Dist

ance

to production we

ll:

500

ft.

Distance to

injection

well

: 2,200

ft.

Dept

h:

150

ft.

2.4,

*'

,+

SEP

Figure

3-

22. Wa

ter

levels me

asur

ed du

ring

th

e pu

mpin

g and

inje

ctio

n test

#194 Te

rrie

r 234

Lagu

naHand measurement

Dist

ance

to pr

oduc

tion

we

ll:

Dist

ance

to injection

well

: De

pth:

140

ft2,560

ft24

0 ft

Figu

re 3-

23. Wa

ter

leve

ls me

asur

ed du

ring

the

pumping

and

injection

test

Hand

me

asur

emen

t#2

64 Cooper

430

Lagu

naDi

stan

ce to

pr

oduc

tion

we

ll:

Dist

ance

to

in

ject

ion

well

: De

pth:

960

ft2,

540

ft26

8 ft

STO

P

Plffp

/ut>

KJ

22

Figure

3-

24. Wa

ter

leve

ls me

asur

ed during the

pumping

and

inje

ctio

n test

#294

Spielman

Hand

me

asur

emen

t 1500 Pa

cifi

c Terrace

Dist

ance

to production we

ll:

Distance to injection

well

: De

pth:

5,270

ft4,780

ft52

5 ft

17.0

.

_

^

V. 4 $ -s if 5 51.

o

_ _

Jv/y

S

-fa

Atuu

st 2

4,, /?

03

Figu

re 3-

25. Wa

ter

levels

me

asur

ed du

ring

the

pumping

and

inje

ctio

n test

#360

Carter

1100 N.

Eldorado

Hand

me

asur

emen

tDi

stan

ce to production we

ll:

4,06

0 ft

Distance to injection

well

: 3,150

ftDe

pth:

12

5 ft

370 _[

-

3S

o --

\ % 1

tfr.

u --

Figu

re 3-

26. Wa

ter

levels me

asur

ed during the

pump

ing

and

injection

test

#37

Ston

e13

3 H

ills

ide

Ow

ner

mo

nit

ore

dD

ista

nce

to

pro

duct

ion w

ell

: D

ista

nce

to

in

jecti

on w

ell

: D

epth

:

420

ft2,3

80

ft20

0 ft

Figure 3-27. Water levels measured during th

e pumping an

d injection te

st

#61

Juckeland

2043 Lavey

Owner

monitored


ll:


ll:

Dept

h:

880

ft2,

050

ft27

5 ft

I

/ \

-Jou

je2/

^JuM

E.

?e\J

uL<

J

5U

i^t-y /2.

Jui.^

/<?

Ju

^

ZL,

h>&

, 3,

k>&>

7A

v& /(.At

&£

3/4s

>

/3S

sf

2£>

Figu

re 3-

28. Wa

ter

levels me

asur

ed du

ring

the

pumping

and

injection

test

#62

Phelps

1868 Fr

emon

tOw

ner

monitored


ll:

3,95

0 ft

Dist

ance

to in

ject

ion

well

: 2,980

ftDe

pth:

12

6 ft

IOO

.O. .

$ K77

-0-- i 7S-0-

-

Pb

mp

inq

on,

~k> M

y stu

nt

We,

//

JULY

5

JM

IZ

MY

'ft

JULY

Zb

/UQ

.2JU

d.lb

Figu

re 3-

29. Water

levels measured during th

e pumping

and

injection

test

#110

Ea

st Main St

. Ap

ts.

Measured by

23

6 E. Ma

in St

. Charles

Leib

Distance to

production we

ll:

1,85

0 ft

Dist

ance

to injection

well

: 1,

850

ftDe

pth:

452

ft,

So. a

- -

S/. o

--

1

-J

00

I -J Q£-

3.0

...

Figure 3-


e pumping an

d injection test

#127

Adamcheck

Measured by

Laguna an

d Ol

d Fort Rd.

A. L. St

one

Distance to

production we

ll:


ll:

Dept

h:

140

ft2,

640

ft23

3 ft,

54.o--

Figu

re 3-

31. Water

levels

measured during th

e pu

mpin

g and

injection

test

#128 Ha

rt

2052 La

vey

Owne

r monitored

Distance to

production we

ll:

Distance to

in

ject

ion

well

: De

pth:

810

ft2,030

ft ft

00 O

Figure 3-32. Water levels measured during th

e pumping an

d injection test

Owner monitored

#143

Raney

1126 Eldorado

Distance to

production we

ll:

4,190 ft

Distance to injection well

: 3,310

ftDe

pth:

152

ft

245"

. - -

00

i I ^ 1 ! 24&.0

--

Zsc

.c

\Juu

e 21

Inje

ctio

n to

Mus

e-ur

n/ W

e.ll

Figure 3-

33. Water levels measu

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