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Transcript of United States Department of Ag riculture Foreign ......countries such as Tajikistan and Afghanistan...
United States Department of Agriculture Foreign Agricultural Service
Grain: World Markets and Trade
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November 2019
Feed Barley’s Price Gap With Corn Shrinks Dramatically
World barley production in 2019/20 is projected to be the highest since 1994/1995. As a result, exportable supplies of barley are plentiful across the globe. USDA forecasts world exports of barley in 2019/20 at 28.0 million tons, a 9 percent increase over last year and the third-highest on record. The world’s major exporters of barley (Argentina, Australia, the European Union, Russia, and Ukraine) comprise 83 percent of this trade. As supply has expanded, barley is also seeing weaker global demand in the shorter term. Barley trade to both China and Saudi Arabia – the world’s top two importers – is down relative to the combined high of 18.1 million tons in 2014/15. Ample supply and flagging demand from major buyers have had a collective weakening effect on feed barley prices. The major barley exporters’ bids have been averaged and compared to average corn bids1 for analytical purposes in the chart above. In the past year, the price gap between barley and corn has narrowed from over $80/ton in September 2018 to nearly $20/ton by October 2019. Corn has seen its own price effects, driven by market uncertainty over U.S. crop size and weather premiums between May and August. The two grains nearly reached price parity in July but recovering market sentiments eased corn back down in the following months. In a world where exporters are seemingly fighting tooth and nail to get their corn into the hands of global customers, barley traders may continue to have difficulty finding alternative markets despite the increasing competitiveness and abundant availability of feed barley. 1 Export bids from Argentina, Brazil, Black Sea, and the United States were averaged.
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Average of Major Exporters' Daily Bids
Corn Barley
Table of Contents
World Markets and Trade: Commodities and Data WHEAT ....................................................................................................... 3 RICE ........................................................................................................... 8 COARSE GRAINS .................................................................................... 11 ENDNOTES .............................................................................................. 15 DATA TABLES ......................................................................................... 18 The Foreign Agricultural Service (FAS) updates its production, supply and distribution (PSD) database for cotton, oilseeds, and grains at 12:00 p.m. on the day the World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) report is released. This circular is released by 12:15 p.m. To download the tables in the publication, go to Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online): scroll down to Reports, and then click Grains. FAS Reports and Databases:
Current World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports Archived World Markets and Trade and World Agricultural Production Reports Production, Supply and Distribution Database (PSD Online) Global Agricultural Trade System (U.S. Exports and Imports) Export Sales Report Global Agricultural Information Network (Agricultural Attaché Reports) Other USDA Reports: World Agricultural Supply and Demand Estimates (WASDE) Economic Research Service National Agricultural Statistics Service
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 2 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
WHEAT
WHEAT PRICES
Domestic: Prices for most classes of U.S. wheat rose during the month of October as harvest pressure abated. Rising corn and soy prices provided further support. Hard Red Winter (HRW) and Soft Red Winter (SRW) gained $6/ton and $9/ton respectively to $215 and $226. Soft White Winter (SWW) gained $3/ton to $231. On the other hand, Hard Red Spring (HRS) eased $5/ton to $272 but remains elevated partly due to lingering impacts of a multi-week, maintenance-related closure of part of the Pacific Northwest lock and dam system.
OVERVIEW FOR 2019/20 Global production is up slightly as larger crops for the European Union and Russia more than offset reductions for Argentina and Australia. Global trade is raised slightly with stronger demand from Turkey. Higher exports for the European Union, Russia, and Ukraine more than offset smaller projected shipments for Argentina and Australia. The projected U.S. season-average farm price is lowered $0.10 per bushel to $4.60.
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Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 3 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
Global: Overall, exporter prices were mixed during the month of October. EU, Black Sea, and U.S. prices recovered from early season harvest pressure, supported by strong international demand. Black Sea prices were further underpinned by a slow pace of farmer selling in Russia. Canada’s prices eased with harvest pressure but remain somewhat elevated based on weather-related delays. Australia prices were relatively unchanged but remain uncompetitive in light of a smaller crop. Conversely, Argentina’s prices plummeted as it approaches the bulk of its harvest.
Month Ending Argentina Australia Black Sea EU US Canada October $196 $265 $210 $201 $215 $247 September $228 $265 $190 $188 $209 $252 August $229 $250 $188 $184 $196 $211
Month Ending Prices for Major Wheat Exporters Source: IGC *Note on FOB prices: Argentina- 12.0%, up river; Australia- average of APW; Fremantle, Newcastle, and Port Adelaide; Black Sea- milling; EU- France grade 1, Rouen; US- HRW 11.5% Gulf; Canada- CWRS (13.5%), St. Lawrence
International Daily FOB Export Bids
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Argentina Australia Black Sea millingCanada EU United States
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 4 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
FEATURES U.S. Wheat Exports Off to a Faster Start Than Last Year2
U.S. exports are off to a faster start than the previous year based on improved competitiveness with other international suppliers. Last year, Russia’s exports got off to a booming start, which left U.S. wheat struggling to reach beyond its core markets. This year, on the other hand, U.S. wheat has been relatively price competitive in the early months of the June/May marketing year. As a result, U.S. total commitments (the sum of accumulated exports and outstanding sales) are up 11 percent from the same point last year. Growing global demand and relatively tight competitor supplies are major factors influencing U.S. competitiveness this year. Russia’s prices are less competitive this year based on lower total supplies. Even though its crop is larger, Russia’s carryin supplies are much tighter than a year ago and farmer selling is reported to be relatively slow. Tight nearby supplies in Argentina and Australia also contributed to the competitiveness of U.S. exports. The pace of U.S. shipments could be even faster if not for the robust exports of the European Union and Ukraine. It is worth noting, however, that U.S. exports did recover in the latter half of 2018/19 with improved price competitiveness as Russia’s supplies began to tighten. This year, however, U.S. wheat exports are not expected to see such a strong finish because Russia’s shipments are likely to be more sustained throughout the year. Additionally, Argentina’s exports are likely to surge in the coming months as it harvests what is still expected to be a record crop. The opening of Brazil’s 750,000-ton Tariff-Rate-Quota (TRQ) for non-Mercosur wheat is a bullish factor for U.S. wheat exports, but Canada and Russia are likely to capture a share of that business.
2 Accumulated exports and outstanding sales are based on USDA’s Export Sales Database. Dates of comparison are 10/24/2019, 10/25/2018, and 10/26/2017.
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U.S. Wheat Exports (Jun/May Marketing Year)
Accumulated Exports Outstanding Sales
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 5 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
Kazakhstan’s Wheat Exports Projected at Lowest Level in More Than a Decade
Kazakhstan is typically the world’s eighth-largest exporter of wheat and wheat products, averaging over 7 million tons annually, mainly to its southern neighboring countries. Although generally lower yielding, the soft/semi-hard spring wheat produced is desired for its high protein levels and gluten content. It is ideal for making flatbread. Exports of durum, mainly shipped to Italy, Russia, and Turkey, represent less than 10 percent of Kazakhstan’s total wheat exports. Milling is also a large part of the Kazakh market as about half of the flour milled is exported. Uzbekistan is Kazakhstan’s largest market, accounting for nearly a third of its total wheat and wheat product exports. Afghanistan is Kazakhstan’s second largest market overall and represents more than half of its flour exports. Tajikistan is a growing market for Kazakh wheat grain exports. To the east, China’s highly populous, developing economy has also become a major growth market for Kazakh wheat. Despite its presence as a major global exporter, Kazakhstan faces many obstacles, such as logistics, tariffs, and competition. As a landlocked country, shipping to non-contiguous countries such as Tajikistan and Afghanistan proves challenging as it must be transported via rail through Uzbekistan, facing duties in both the transit country and the importing country. Similarly, shipments to Europe must transit through Russia. Furthermore, Uzbekistan has been growing its milling industry with the ability to produce flour at a fraction of the cost, rendering Kazakh flour less competitive in the region. The industry also faces TRQs and non-tariff barriers, particularly in exporting to China. Over the last several years, Kazakhstan’s wheat area has trended lower as producers have diversified into other crops. This year specifically, weather has been an obstacle to Kazakhstan’s production and exports. Severe drought and late-season rain have negatively affected the harvest. Hence, Kazakhstan is projected to slip to be the world’s ninth leading wheat exporter this year, falling behind Turkey for the first time in more than 20 years. At 5.2 million tons, Kazakhstan’s projected exports (July/June basis) are the lowest since 2005/06.
Uzbekistan32%
Afghanistan23%
Tajikistan13%
China6%
Turkmenistan6%
Azerbaijan5%
Europe4% Others
11%
Top Export Markets
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Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 6 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
TRADE CHANGES IN 2019/20 (1,000 MT)3 Country Attribute Previous Current Change Reason
Argentina Exports 14,000 13,500 -500 Smaller crop
Australia Exports 9,500 9,000 -500 Lower production
European Union Exports 28,000 29,000 1,000 Larger crop and competitive pricing
Russia Exports 34,000 34,500 500 Larger production
Ukraine Exports 19,500 20,000 500 Rapid pace of exports to date
Saudi Arabia Imports 3,200 3,000 -200 Production revised higher
South Africa Imports 1,700 1,900 200 Smaller domestic crop
Turkey Imports 6,000 6,700 700 Surging pace of trade in recent months
TRADE CHANGES IN 2018/19 (1,000 MT) Changes Based on Trade Data4 Country Attribute Previous Current Change
Russia Exports 35,398 35,838 440
Bangladesh Imports 4,718 5,000 282
Kenya Imports 1,676 2,000 324
3 For more information on Argentina, Australia, and Russia production revisions, please see the latest USDA/FAS World Agricultural Production publication. 4 Bangladesh and Kenya were adjusted largely in light of estimated shipments from Argentina.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 7 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
RICE
RICE PRICES Global: Since the October WASDE release, Thai 100B quotes are unchanged at $407/ton. Viet prices remain low but are increased over last month’s quotes to $348/ton. Meanwhile, Indian quotes are down to $362/ton, just below the steady $370/ton for Pakistan. In contrast, U.S. values have increased to $560/ton, and Uruguay quotes remain stable at $528/ton.
OVERVIEW FOR 2019/20 Global rice production is nearly unchanged this month, as a larger Indian crop is fully offset by smaller harvests for Indonesia and the Philippines. Global trade is lowered, with reduced imports for China and Nigeria more than offsetting higher imports for Indonesia, and lower exports for Thailand and Burma more than offsetting higher India and Vietnam exports. Global stocks are raised marginally to a new record. OVERVIEW FOR 2018/19 Global rice production remains at a record, with minimal changes this month. Global trade is down significantly with lower imports for Bangladesh, China, and Nigeria, and lower exports for India and Thailand. Vietnam’s exports are slightly higher.
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$/MTWeekly Price Quotes: Last 4 Years
U.S. #2/4 (long-grain) THAI 100BVIETNAM 5% INDIA 5%PAKISTAN 5% URUGUAY 5%
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 8 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
MARKET FEATURE U.S. Rough Rice Exports to Mexico Rebound in 2019 Rough rice, also known as paddy rice or rice in husk (HS Code 100610), is very thinly traded. With 2.7 million tons of exports in 2018, it comprises about 6 percent of all global rice trade and is dominated by just a few suppliers. The United States is the top exporter of rough rice, followed by Brazil, India, and Paraguay. Rough rice is typically traded across borders or between nearby countries since rice in husk form presents increased phytosanitary risks. As it requires additional processing, paddy rice is favored by some importers because it is lower-priced and supports domestic milling industries.
Mexico is the top export market for U.S. rice and almost 90 percent of those imports are rough rice. While the United States also ships rough rice elsewhere in Latin America and to Libya, Mexico had historically been the largest and most reliable customer. Even as total U.S. market share had declined in recent years from virtually 100 percent in 2010 to about 70 percent in 2018, rough rice exports had remained fairly constant until last year when rough rice from Guyana and Paraguay displaced the United States, and Mexico imported less rice overall. However, U.S. rough rice exports to Mexico are up 34 percent from a year ago, reaching 531,000 tons. At the same time, Guyana and Paraguay rough
rice exports to Mexico have virtually disappeared, at least for now. Brazil has also abruptly dropped out of the rough rice trade. Its exports have plummeted 75 percent to only 145,000 tons, mostly on significantly reduced shipments to Venezuela. However, as trade talks have begun between Mexico and Brazil, U.S. dominance in the Mexican rough rice market could once again face competition.
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Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 9 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
TRADE CHANGES IN 2020 (1,000 MT) Country Attribute Previous Current Change Reason
China Imports 3,100
2,500 -600 Abundant domestic supplies
Cote d'Ivoire Imports 1,600
1,500 -100 Carryover change
Cuba Imports 500
600 100 To meet domestic demand trends
Indonesia Imports 600
1,400 800 Significant production decrease
Nigeria Imports 2,200
1,800 -400 Expected continuation of border closure
Philippines Imports 2,700
2,500 -200
Decreased imports from original projection reflect the preliminary investigation into import safeguards
Senegal Imports 1,300
1,200 -100 Increased production
India Exports
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12,000 200 Expectations on stable international demand
Thailand Exports 9,000
8,500 -500 Expected to remain uncompetitive, especially in African markets
Vietnam Exports 6,550
6,750 200 Carryover change Burma Exports 2,625 2,500 -125 Expected lower shipments to China
TRADE CHANGES IN 2019 (1,000 MT) Country Attribute Previous Current Change Reason Bangladesh Imports 300 100 -200 Reduced purchases on a larger crop
Benin Imports 700 600 -100 Slower pace compared to earlier expectations
China Imports 3,150
2,500 -650 Abundant domestic supplies
Cote d'Ivoire Imports 1,600
1,400 -200 Reduced parboiled purchases from Thailand
Nigeria Imports 2,100
1,800 -300 Reflects border closure
Philippines Imports 3,100
3,000 -100 Based on pace of trade
India Exports
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Increased government procurement under MSP and significant slowdown of non-Basmati sales
Thailand Exports 8,700
8,200 -500 Slow pace, down 28 percent from the same period last year
Vietnam Exports 6,500
6,700 200 Competitive prices
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 10 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
COARSE GRAINS
CORN PRICES
Global: Since the October WASDE, major exporters’ bids (aside from Argentina) are little changed. U.S. bids have grown $6/ton to $174 reflecting continued supply uncertainty from harvest weather. Argentine bids are up $13/ton to $165 on speculation about potential policy changes under the newly elected government. Brazilian bids are up $4/ton to $172 supported by strong foreign demand. Black Sea bids hopped $2/ton to $166.
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Argentina Brazil US Black SeaSource: IGC
OVERVIEW FOR 2019/20 Global corn production is forecast down slightly with smaller crops for Mexico, Ukraine, and the United States more than offsetting gains for several African countries, Russia, and Turkey. Global trade is up from last month with higher imports for Colombia, Japan, South Korea, and Vietnam. Exports for Brazil and Russia are up, but down for the United States this month on slow early season sales and shipments. The U.S. season-average farm price is up $0.05 to $3.85 per bushel.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 11 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
MARKET FEATURE China’s Exports for Corn Starch and Starch Residues are Robust
China has again become a leading exporter of corn starch. The growth has coincided with its policy changes – the removal of support prices and adoption of measures to boost corn use. China has ample wet-milling5 capacity established years ago when the government singled out corn processing as a key industry and stressed developments of value-added supply chains. Supports from the central and provincial governments in the form of discounted sales, subsidies on transportation, and VAT refunds have encouraged processing of corn. Likewise, exports of starch residues6 have also grown, and China has become the second-largest supplier after the United States. Corn starch is widely used for food manufacturing, textiles, and numerous industrial purposes. Residues of starch have relatively high protein contents, thus are used as a protein source in feed rations as well as in pet foods. Major destinations for China’s exports have been neighboring countries. For corn starch, Indonesia, Malaysia, the Philippines, and Vietnam have been the leading markets. For residues of starch, virtually all exports have been destined to just three countries - South Korea, Vietnam, and Japan. China’s corn exports have not been competitive over a decade because domestic prices have remained higher than world levels. However, China is well positioned for exports of the high-value corn-based products with surplus corn, ample processing capacity, supportive policies, and nearby markets that have growing demand.
5 The wet-milling process is primarily to extract starch by separating the corn kernel into the germ, the hull (bran), the gluten, and the starch. Starch comprises about 60-70 percent of a dry corn kernel. 6 HS 230310, residues of starch, which include corn gluten meal, corn gluten feed, and other residues.
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Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 12 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
TRADE CHANGES IN 2019/20 (1,000 MT) Country Commodity Attribute Previous Current Change Reason Australia Barley Exports 4,500 4,300 -200 Smaller crop
Brazil Corn Exports 35,000 38,000 3,000 Expectations for strong
shipments Corn Imports 1,000 1,200 200 Carryover change
China Sorghum Imports 700 900 200 Reflects U.S. sales Barley Imports 6,500 6,300 -200 Carryover change
Colombia Corn Imports 5,700 6,200 500 Expectations for steady growth in feed use
Egypt Corn Imports 10,200 9,900 -300 Carryover change Iran Corn Imports 10,500 10,000 -500 Carryover change Japan Corn Imports 15,600 16,000 400 Carryover change Korea, South Corn Imports 10,500 10,800 300 Carryover change Mexico Corn Exports 1,500 800 -700 Smaller crop Russia Corn Exports 5,200 5,700 500 Larger crop
United States
Corn Exports 51,500 50,000 -1,500 Slow sales and shipments
Sorghum Exports 2,500 2,800 300 Expectations for stronger sales to Mexico and China
Vietnam Corn Imports 10,500 11,500 1,000 Carryover change
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 13 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
TRADE CHANGES IN 2018/19 (1,000 MT) Based on trade data Country Commodity Attribute Previous Current Change Argentina Corn Exports 32,000 32,879 879 China Barley Imports 5,500 5,181 -319 China Corn Imports 5,000 4,483 -517 Colombia Corn Imports 5,800 6,032 232 Egypt Corn Imports 9,700 9,400 -300 European Union Barley Exports 5,000 5,600 600
India Corn Imports 500 300 -200 Iran Corn Imports 10,000 9,000 -1,000 Japan Corn Imports 15,800 16,047 247 Kazakhstan Barley Exports 2,000 1,800 -200 Korea, South Corn Imports 10,500 10,856 356 Malaysia Corn Imports 4,000 3,800 -200 Mexico Corn Imports 16,700 16,396 -304 Paraguay Corn Exports 2,200 2,559 359 Saudi Arabia Barley Imports 7,200 6,200 -1,000 Serbia Corn Exports 2,600 2,850 250 United States Corn Exports 49,500 49,194 -306 Vietnam Corn Imports 10,200 11,000 800
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 14 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
ENDNOTES REGIONAL TABLES North America: Canada, Mexico, the United States Central America: Belize, Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Panama Caribbean: Anguilla, Antigua and Barbuda, Aruba, Bahamas, Barbados, Bermuda, British Virgin Islands, Cayman Islands, Cuba, Dominica, Dominican Republic, French West Indies, Grenada, Guadeloupe, Haiti, Jamaica and Dep, Leeward-Windward Islands, Martinique, Montserrat, Netherlands Antilles, Puerto Rico, Kitts and Nevis, St. Lucia, St. Vincent and the Grenadines, Trinidad and Tobago, Turks and Caicos Islands, U.S. Virgin Islands South America: Argentina, Bolivia, Brazil, Chile, Colombia, Ecuador, Falkland Islands (Islas Malvinas), French Guiana, Guyana, Paraguay, Peru, Suriname, Uruguay, Venezuela EU: Austria, Belgium/Luxembourg, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, Czech Republic, Denmark, Estonia, Finland, France, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Ireland, Italy, Latvia, Lithuania, Malta, Netherlands, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Slovakia, Slovenia, Spain, Sweden, United Kingdom Other Europe: Albania, Azores, Bosnia and Herzegovina, Former Yugoslavia, Gibraltar, Iceland, Macedonia, Montenegro, Norway, Serbia, Switzerland Former Soviet Union: Armenia, Azerbaijan, Belarus, Georgia, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Moldova, Russia, Tajikistan, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, Uzbekistan Middle East: Bahrain, Iran, Iraq, Israel, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Oman, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Syria, Turkey, United Arab Emirates, Yemen North Africa: Algeria, Egypt, Libya, Morocco, Tunisia Sub-Saharan Africa: all African countries except North Africa East Asia: China, Hong Kong, Japan, South Korea, North Korea, Macau, Mongolia, Taiwan South Asia: Afghanistan, Bangladesh, Bhutan, India, Nepal, Pakistan, Sri Lanka, Maldives Southeast Asia: Brunei, Burma, Cambodia, Indonesia, Laos, Malaysia, Philippines, Singapore, Thailand, Vietnam Oceania: Australia, Fiji, New Zealand, Papua New Guinea
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 15 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
OTHER NOTES Local Marketing Years (LMY): LMY refers to the 12-month period at the onset of the main harvest, when the crop is marketed (i.e., consumed, traded, or stored). The year first listed begins a country's LMY for that commodity (2016/17 starts in 2016); except for summer grains in certain Southern Hemisphere countries and for rice in selected countries, where the second year begins the LMY (2016/17 starts in 2017). Key exporter LMY’s are:
Wheat Corn Barley Sorghum Argentina (Dec/Nov) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Nov/Oct) Argentina (Mar/Feb) Australia (Oct/Sep) Brazil (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Australia (Mar/Feb) Canada (Aug/Jul) Russia (Oct/Sep) European Union (Jul/Jun) United States (Sep/Aug) China (Jul/Jun) South Africa (May/Apr) Kazakhstan (Jul/Jun) European Union (Jul/Jun) Ukraine (Oct/Sep) Russia (Jul/Jun) India (Apr/Mar) United States (Sep/Aug) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) Kazakhstan (Sep/Aug) United States (Jun/May) Russia (Jul/Jun) Turkey (Jun/May) Ukraine (Jul/Jun) United States (Jun/May)
For a complete list of local marketing years, please see the FAS website (https://apps.fas.usda.gov/psdonline/): go to Reports, Reference Data, and then Data Availability. Stocks: Unless otherwise stated, stock data are based on an aggregate of differing local marketing years and should not be construed as representing world stock levels at a fixed point in time. Consumption: World totals for consumption reflect total utilization, including food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste; as well as differences in local marketing year imports and local marketing year exports. Consumption statistics for regions and individual countries, however, reflect food, seed, industrial, feed, and waste only. Trade: All PSD tables are balanced on the different local marketing years. All trade tables contain Trade Year (TY) data which puts all countries on a uniform, 12-month period for analytical comparisons: wheat is July/June; coarse grains, corn, barley, sorghum, oats, and rye are Oct/Sept; and rice is calendar year. EU Consolidation: The trade figures starting from 1999/00 represent the European Union (Croatia plus the former EU-27) and exclude all intra-trade. For the years 1960/61 through 1998/99, figures are the EU-15 and also exclude all intra-trade. EU-15 member states' data for grains are no longer maintained in the official USDA database. Data for the individual NMS-10, plus Bulgaria, Romania, and Croatia, exists only prior to 1999/00. Statistics: (1) Wheat trade statistics include wheat, flour, and selected pasta products on a grain equivalent basis. (2) Rice trade statistics include rough, brown, milled, and broken on a milled equivalent basis. (3) Coarse grains statistics include corn, barley, sorghum, oats, rye, millet, and mixed grains but exclude trade in barley malt, millet, and mixed grains. Unaccounted: This term includes grain in transit, reporting discrepancies in some countries, and trade to countries outside the USDA database.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 16 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
The Global Commodity Analysis Division, Office of Global Analysis, Foreign Agricultural Service, USDA, Washington, DC 20250, prepared this circular. Information is gathered from official statistics of foreign governments and other foreign source materials, reports of U.S. agricultural attachés and Foreign Service officers, office research, and related information. Further information may be obtained by writing the Division or telephoning (202) 720-3448. Note: For further details on world grain production, please see World Agricultural Production November 2019. This circular is available in its entirety on the Internet via the Foreign Agricultural Service Home Page. The address is: http://www.fas.usda.gov
Andrew Sowell (202) 720-0262 [email protected] Wheat Jennifer Lance (202) 690-2208 [email protected] Wheat Nicole Podesta (202) 720-8252 [email protected] Rice Yoonhee Macke (202) 690-4199 [email protected] Coarse Grains Kevin Min (202) 720-0626 [email protected] Coarse Grains
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 17 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
DATA TABLES
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Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 18 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
All Grain Summary Comparison
Million Metric Tons
Marketing Year
Wheat Rice, Milled Corn
2019/202018/192017/182019/202018/192017/182019/202018/192017/18
Production
United States (Jun-May) 47.4 51.3 52.3 5.7 7.1 6.0 371.1 366.3 347.0
Other 714.9 680.0 713.3 489.2 492.2 491.8 708.9 758.7 755.2
World Total 762.3 731.3 765.6 494.9 499.3 497.8 1,080.0 1,125.0 1,102.2
Domestic Consumption
United States (Jun-May) 29.3 30.0 31.5 4.3 4.6 4.2 314.0 315.2 306.5
Other 710.6 703.1 719.5 477.4 483.6 487.4 778.2 813.1 820.2
World Total 739.9 733.1 751.0 481.7 488.2 491.6 1,092.2 1,128.3 1,126.7
Ending Stocks
United States (Jun-May) 29.9 29.4 27.6 0.9 1.4 1.2 54.4 53.7 48.5
Other 252.8 248.5 260.7 161.7 171.9 175.8 287.3 266.4 247.5
World Total 282.7 277.9 288.3 162.6 173.3 177.0 341.7 320.1 296.0
TY Imports
United States (Jun-May) 4.4 3.5 3.4 0.9 0.9 0.9 0.8 0.8 1.3
Other 175.0 166.6 173.0 44.7 41.5 42.3 148.2 162.9 166.5
World Total 179.4 170.1 176.4 45.6 42.4 43.2 149.0 163.7 167.8
TY Exports
United States (Jun-May) 23.2 26.1 26.0 2.8 3.0 3.1 63.7 49.2 50.0
Other 160.3 148.8 154.3 44.8 41.7 43.1 89.1 122.9 122.0
World Total 183.5 174.9 180.3 47.6 44.7 46.2 152.8 172.1 172.0
Note: Consumption in this table has not been adjusted for differences in marketing year imports and
exports and therefore differs from global totals shown elsewhere.Marketing years for U.S. grains are:
Wheat (Jun-May), Rice (Aug-Jul), Corn (Sep-Aug).'Marketing Year' column is germane for U.S. wheat
only.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 19 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Wheat, Flour, and Products Trade
July/June Year, Thousand Metric Tons
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13,50014,00012,68014,00012,2758,750 Argentina
9,0009,5009,83515,51222,06115,780 Australia
24,50024,50024,47721,98920,23522,118 Canada
1,3001,3001,0061,004748729 China
29,00028,00023,31023,38327,43934,760 European Union
5,2005,2008,7808,5197,2577,413 Kazakhstan
1,0001,0005261,1471,1191,568 Mexico
34,50034,00035,83841,43127,81525,546 Russia
6,5006,5006,2156,2186,1775,605 Turkey
20,00019,50016,01917,77518,10717,431 Ukraine
9,8219,82110,1699,2739,82310,246 Others
154,321153,321148,855160,251153,056149,946 Subtotal
26,00026,00026,06923,22629,31821,817 United States
180,321179,321174,924183,477182,374171,763 World Total
none
TY Imports
3,0003,0003,7003,3002,7002,700 Afghanistan
7,0007,0007,5158,1728,4148,153 Algeria
6,0006,0005,0006,1545,5564,720 Bangladesh
7,5007,5007,4426,7027,7885,922 Brazil
3,2003,2003,1453,9374,4103,476 China
2,0002,0001,7031,9572,1102,032 Colombia
12,50012,50012,34712,40711,17511,925 Egypt
5,5005,5005,7625,8245,2996,928 European Union
11,00011,00010,78010,51810,19010,045 Indonesia
3,2003,2003,9154,1582,4742,248 Iraq
5,9005,9005,7265,8765,9115,715 Japan
2,1502,1002,0002,1581,7741,634 Kenya
4,1004,1003,9084,2694,6674,420 Korea, South
5,2005,2004,8615,2455,3704,805 Mexico
4,8004,8003,7243,6725,3444,496 Morocco
5,1005,1004,5855,1624,9724,410 Nigeria
2,1002,1002,1092,0301,9611,879 Peru
7,4007,4007,5466,0595,7084,919 Philippines
3,0003,2002,8983,4493,7162,931 Saudi Arabia
2,5002,5002,2222,5802,4582,022 Sudan
3,1003,1002,8993,1734,0644,691 Thailand
6,7006,0006,4945,9164,5533,979 Turkey
3,0003,0002,8373,1192,5962,662 Uzbekistan
3,7003,7003,1434,6755,5353,069 Vietnam
3,4003,4003,6753,0103,2783,332 Yemen
50,04149,73646,67551,45454,23651,692 Others
173,091172,236166,611174,976176,259164,805 Subtotal
3,8803,7354,8104,1262,8223,903 Unaccounted
3,3503,3503,5034,3753,2933,055 United States
180,321179,321174,924183,477182,374171,763 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 20 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Wheat Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
Production
20,00020,50019,50018,50018,40011,300 Argentina
17,20018,00017,29820,94131,81922,275 Australia
5,3005,3005,4284,2646,7305,540 Brazil
33,00033,00032,20130,37732,14027,647 Canada
132,000132,000131,430134,334133,271132,639 China
8,7708,7708,4508,4508,1008,100 Egypt
153,000152,000136,863151,125145,369160,480 European Union
102,190102,19099,87098,51087,00086,527 India
16,80016,80014,50014,00014,50014,500 Iran
11,50011,50013,94714,80214,98513,748 Kazakhstan
25,60025,60025,10026,60025,63325,086 Pakistan
74,00072,50071,68585,16772,52961,044 Russia
19,00019,00019,00021,00017,25019,500 Turkey
29,00028,70025,05726,98126,79127,274 Ukraine
6,8006,8006,0006,9006,9406,965 Uzbekistan
59,13359,17753,64752,97852,06959,419 Others
713,293711,837679,976714,929693,526682,044 Subtotal
52,25853,39051,30647,38062,83256,117 United States
765,551765,227731,282762,309756,358738,161 World Total
none
Total Consumption
10,85010,85010,75010,45010,35010,250 Algeria
12,20012,20012,10012,00012,20011,100 Brazil
9,5009,5008,8399,27910,6677,988 Canada
128,000128,000125,000121,000119,000117,500 China
20,40020,40020,10019,80019,40019,200 Egypt
127,500127,500123,200130,400128,000129,850 European Union
98,00098,00095,62995,67797,23488,548 India
10,70010,70010,60010,60010,0009,100 Indonesia
16,40016,40016,10015,90016,25016,100 Iran
10,80010,80010,70010,50010,2009,800 Morocco
25,40025,40025,30025,00024,50024,400 Pakistan
39,50039,50040,50043,00040,00037,000 Russia
18,10018,10018,10018,00017,40018,000 Turkey
9,4009,4008,8009,80010,30012,200 Ukraine
9,6009,6009,6009,7009,3009,350 Uzbekistan
173,217172,971167,791169,509167,977160,563 Others
723,711723,320706,089713,055706,647684,105 Subtotal
31,46131,78830,02429,25031,86531,943 United States
755,172755,108736,113742,305738,512716,048 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
5,3665,3665,9166,4796,9315,178 Canada
145,665145,665139,765131,196114,92996,996 China
12,00012,00010,00013,88510,71915,490 European Union
20,70220,81616,99213,2309,80014,540 India
6,1366,1366,2368,06610,41611,166 Iran
8,2947,7217,81912,02610,8235,604 Russia
6,1545,4545,0544,1381,2893,100 Turkey
56,36456,24656,72863,80065,68566,251 Others
260,681259,404248,510252,820230,592218,325 Subtotal
27,59428,39929,38629,90732,13126,552 United States
288,275287,803277,896282,727262,723244,877 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 21 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Wheat Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Oct
2019/20
Nov
2019/20
TY Imports none
8,371 North America 9,166 10,065 8,814 9,000 9,000
1,832 Central America 1,995 1,910 1,911 2,015 2,015
13,434 South America 16,277 15,324 14,925 15,680 15,680
6,928 European Union - 28 5,299 5,824 5,762 5,500 5,500
1,896 Other Europe 2,047 1,931 1,905 1,910 1,910
7,166 Former Soviet Union - 12 7,035 7,862 7,828 7,720 7,790
24,141 Middle East 22,814 25,163 24,529 23,730 24,230
27,866 North Africa 28,426 27,441 26,949 27,400 27,400
22,724 Sub-Saharan Africa 22,089 25,412 22,196 25,410 25,695
16,225 East Asia 17,356 16,599 15,086 15,625 15,625
8,823 South Asia 15,565 11,416 9,676 10,121 10,121
25,307 Southeast Asia 28,219 26,940 27,173 28,035 28,035
3,147 Others 3,264 3,464 3,360 3,440 3,440
167,860 Total 179,552 179,351 170,114 175,586 176,441
Production none
87,475 North America 98,837 81,251 86,507 89,690 88,558
21,601 South America 28,819 25,699 28,829 29,601 29,101
160,480 European Union - 28 145,369 151,125 136,863 152,000 153,000
4,324 Other Europe 4,737 4,005 4,510 4,445 4,445
117,674 Former Soviet Union - 12 130,047 142,316 123,980 128,715 130,375
42,406 Middle East 38,814 41,560 39,365 46,260 46,480
19,987 North Africa 13,958 19,245 21,000 18,870 18,870
7,694 Sub-Saharan Africa 7,743 7,718 8,296 8,042 7,918
133,972 East Asia 134,738 135,645 132,757 133,397 133,397
119,660 South Asia 120,837 132,263 131,376 135,696 135,696
22,689 Oceania 32,278 21,346 17,668 18,410 17,610
199 Others 181 136 131 101 101
738,161 Total 756,358 762,309 731,282 765,227 765,551
Domestic Consumption none
46,931 North America 50,432 46,229 46,363 48,788 48,461
27,715 South America 28,645 28,788 28,760 29,235 29,235
129,850 European Union - 28 128,000 130,400 123,200 127,500 127,500
4,920 Other Europe 5,035 5,010 5,240 5,180 5,180
77,415 Former Soviet Union - 12 78,185 81,290 76,785 77,250 77,250
58,427 Middle East 58,517 59,455 59,439 61,380 61,380
43,666 North Africa 44,550 45,225 46,150 46,750 46,750
29,037 Sub-Saharan Africa 29,712 31,917 30,372 32,084 32,330
130,782 East Asia 132,915 134,401 137,996 141,110 141,110
129,112 South Asia 139,258 138,039 138,270 141,187 141,187
22,955 Southeast Asia 26,725 26,385 26,325 26,800 26,800
8,500 Oceania 8,835 8,905 10,600 9,965 9,965
3,582 Others 3,834 3,821 3,633 3,880 3,880
712,892 Total 734,643 739,865 733,133 751,109 751,028
Ending Stocks none
32,390 North America 39,938 37,154 35,905 34,368 33,563
3,980 South America 4,715 3,855 4,880 4,975 5,085
15,490 European Union - 28 10,719 13,885 10,000 12,000 12,000
1,632 Other Europe 2,002 1,945 1,919 1,972 1,939
16,982 Former Soviet Union - 12 21,438 21,186 15,196 15,353 15,511
22,614 Middle East 19,587 19,901 17,312 18,233 19,422
16,848 North Africa 14,277 14,865 15,455 14,087 14,090
3,830 Sub-Saharan Africa 3,000 3,378 2,728 2,975 3,006
100,357 East Asia 118,154 134,301 142,426 148,328 148,328
20,826 South Asia 16,530 20,625 21,307 24,379 24,547
5,379 Southeast Asia 5,920 5,379 5,139 5,355 5,309
4,133 Oceania 6,005 5,856 5,230 5,361 5,055
416 Others 438 397 399 417 420
244,877 Total 262,723 282,727 277,896 287,803 288,275
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 22 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Rice Trade
January/December Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
TY Exports
330300350291391527 Argentina
5005007501,245594641 Brazil
2,5002,6252,4002,7503,3501,300 Burma
1,4001,3001,3501,3001,1501,050 Cambodia
3,6003,6003,2002,0581,173368 China
300300300308369270 European Union
510510500414455431 Guyana
12,00011,80011,00011,79112,57310,062 India
4,0004,0004,1003,9133,6474,100 Pakistan
620620670650537557 Paraguay
140140150139175198 Russia
125125115113109145 South Africa
8,5009,0008,20011,05611,6159,867 Thailand
800800800799982996 Uruguay
6,7506,5506,7006,5906,4885,088 Vietnam
1,0241,0251,1331,3611,1491,264 Others
43,09943,19541,71844,77844,75736,864 Subtotal
3,1003,1003,0002,7803,3493,343 United States
46,19946,29544,71847,55848,10640,207 World Total
none
TY Imports
635725625625550450 Benin
850850700537758786 Brazil
620620600550500420 Burkina
725725700650600500 Cameroon
2,5003,1002,5004,5005,9004,600 China
1,5001,6001,4001,5001,3501,300 Cote d'Ivoire
600500550499429546 Cuba
2,0502,0502,1001,9221,9851,816 European Union
800800800830650700 Ghana
900900850865600650 Guinea
1,4006004002,3503501,050 Indonesia
1,1501,1501,2001,2501,4001,100 Iran
1,1501,1501,2001,2001,060930 Iraq
685685685670679685 Japan
800800750700675500 Kenya
1,0001,0001,000800900823 Malaysia
785785770776913731 Mexico
730700620550710625 Mozambique
800800750700535530 Nepal
1,8002,2001,8002,1002,5002,100 Nigeria
2,5002,7003,0002,5001,200800 Philippines
1,3751,3751,3501,2901,1951,260 Saudi Arabia
1,2001,3001,1501,1001,100980 Senegal
1,0501,0501,0001,0711,054958 South Africa
925925850775700670 United Arab Emirates
13,71113,57614,08014,34615,75011,387 Others
42,24142,66641,43044,65644,04336,897 Subtotal
3,0182,6892,3631,9863,2762,543 Unaccounted
940940925916787767 United States
46,19946,29544,71847,55848,10640,207 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes. Note about dates: 2017/18 is calendar year 2018, 2016/17 is calendar year 2017, and so on.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 23 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Rice Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
Milled Production
35,50035,50035,00032,65034,57834,500 Bangladesh
7,1407,1407,1408,2048,3837,210 Brazil
13,30013,30013,17513,20012,65012,160 Burma
5,6885,6885,6335,5545,2564,931 Cambodia
146,000146,000148,490148,873147,766148,499 China
4,3004,3002,8004,3004,8004,000 Egypt
115,000114,000116,420112,760109,698104,408 India
36,50037,40036,70037,00036,85836,200 Indonesia
7,8007,8007,6577,7877,9297,876 Japan
3,8803,8803,8683,9724,1974,327 Korea, South
4,9004,9004,7884,7254,5363,941 Nigeria
7,5007,5007,4007,5006,8496,802 Pakistan
12,00012,20011,73212,23511,68611,008 Philippines
20,50020,50020,34020,57719,20015,800 Thailand
28,30028,30027,92327,65727,40027,584 Vietnam
43,48143,37343,15742,23142,09341,361 Others
491,789491,781492,223489,225483,879470,607 Subtotal
5,9675,9907,1195,6597,1176,131 United States
497,756497,771499,342494,884490,996476,738 World Total
none
Consumption and Residual
35,70035,70035,50035,20035,00035,100 Bangladesh
7,6007,6007,5507,7507,8507,900 Brazil
10,55010,50010,50010,20010,00010,400 Burma
4,3004,4004,2004,2004,0003,900 Cambodia
143,000143,000142,970142,487141,761141,028 China
4,3504,3504,1504,2004,3003,900 Egypt
102,000102,100100,00098,66995,83893,451 India
38,10038,10038,00038,10037,80037,850 Indonesia
8,4008,4008,5008,6008,7308,806 Japan
4,4804,4804,7124,7464,4354,212 Korea, South
4,2804,2804,4303,9804,0103,353 Nepal
7,0007,3007,0006,9006,7006,400 Nigeria
14,20014,60014,10013,25012,90012,900 Philippines
11,40011,20011,70011,00012,0009,100 Thailand
21,60021,95021,50021,50022,00022,500 Vietnam
70,45870,38668,77766,65565,49662,932 Others
489,846490,375484,032477,869479,267465,851 Subtotal
4,1604,1604,5774,2984,2303,590 United States
494,006494,535488,609482,167483,497469,441 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
116,750117,800114,550109,00098,50088,000 China
29,02026,30028,02022,60020,55018,400 India
3,0593,1583,2614,1632,9153,509 Indonesia
2,0252,0252,0052,2232,4102,552 Japan
3,7903,7903,4902,2882,0032,117 Philippines
4,5494,2493,6993,0094,2388,403 Thailand
1,5071,5571,1571,0349671,555 Vietnam
15,18915,02915,68817,31116,79916,334 Others
175,889173,908171,870161,628148,382140,870 Subtotal
1,1551,1781,4249331,4621,475 United States
177,044175,086173,294162,561149,844142,345 World Total
Note: All data are reported on a milled basis.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 24 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Rice Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Oct
2019/20
Nov
2019/20
TY Imports none
1,854 North America 2,056 2,075 2,095 2,125 2,125
1,109 Caribbean 1,153 1,068 1,185 1,157 1,257
2,015 South America 1,900 1,969 1,885 2,089 2,139
138 Other Europe 124 111 130 130 130
454 Former Soviet Union - 12 538 549 600 585 585
5,686 Middle East 6,234 6,444 6,475 6,515 6,560
483 North Africa 459 617 1,320 725 725
12,183 Sub-Saharan Africa 14,384 14,485 14,610 15,855 15,235
6,097 East Asia 7,487 6,024 4,160 4,725 4,125
945 South Asia 4,057 2,635 1,220 1,230 1,230
3,933 Southeast Asia 3,676 6,805 5,660 5,380 5,980
1,816 European Union 1,985 1,922 2,100 2,050 2,050
37,664 Total 44,830 45,572 42,355 43,606 43,181
Production none
6,287 North America 7,292 5,842 7,309 6,190 6,167
851 Caribbean 989 932 963 918 918
15,763 South America 16,790 16,798 15,598 15,487 15,437
2,050 European Union - 28 2,087 2,007 1,941 2,008 2,008
1,257 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,259 1,225 1,275 1,275 1,275
2,160 Middle East 2,549 2,743 2,623 2,903 2,903
4,044 North Africa 4,837 4,340 2,844 4,339 4,339
16,192 Sub-Saharan Africa 17,469 17,423 18,603 18,625 18,783
163,729 East Asia 162,710 163,567 162,556 160,176 160,176
152,133 South Asia 156,871 158,796 165,852 163,920 164,920
111,409 Southeast Asia 116,821 120,044 119,009 121,264 120,164
476,738 Total 490,996 494,884 499,342 497,771 497,756
Domestic Consumption none
4,817 North America 5,499 5,576 5,884 5,470 5,470
1,278 Central America 1,296 1,311 1,376 1,396 1,396
1,980 Caribbean 2,079 1,957 2,103 2,045 2,145
15,015 South America 14,919 15,090 15,020 15,090 15,060
3,550 European Union - 28 3,600 3,675 3,775 3,800 3,800
1,495 Former Soviet Union - 12 1,566 1,599 1,629 1,650 1,650
8,352 Middle East 8,669 9,099 9,210 9,495 9,560
4,279 North Africa 4,724 4,630 4,604 4,814 4,814
28,179 Sub-Saharan Africa 30,568 31,199 32,869 34,140 33,777
157,483 East Asia 158,111 158,926 159,147 158,810 158,810
138,570 South Asia 141,556 144,707 146,942 149,410 149,310
101,770 Southeast Asia 103,895 103,424 105,081 105,876 105,276
467,322 Total 477,050 481,735 488,166 492,506 491,578
Ending Stocks none
1,602 North America 1,634 1,084 1,575 1,369 1,346
318 Central America 348 312 306 262 262
277 Caribbean 330 363 368 388 388
1,703 South America 1,945 1,949 1,486 1,305 1,348
1,183 European Union - 28 1,192 1,181 1,127 1,085 1,085
1,082 Middle East 1,129 1,129 992 865 870
924 North Africa 1,426 1,563 1,093 1,243 1,243
2,814 Sub-Saharan Africa 3,216 3,160 2,962 2,746 2,633
92,626 East Asia 103,262 113,388 118,273 121,344 120,294
21,576 South Asia 23,171 25,840 31,261 29,372 32,092
17,991 Southeast Asia 11,816 12,239 13,645 14,905 15,281
77 Oceania 208 217 40 26 26
142,345 Total 149,844 162,561 173,294 175,086 177,044
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 25 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Coarse Grain Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
TY Exports
36,70536,60536,18527,06426,10525,291 Argentina
4,8755,1254,3557,15610,2586,389 Australia
38,01035,01039,04025,12119,79735,415 Brazil
5,9605,9605,8055,7535,0424,693 Canada
7,9307,9559,2027,8288,19210,979 European Union
1,8851,8851,9251,459859851 Kazakhstan
2,0152,0152,5741,4851,7602,663 Paraguay
11,41510,9157,83511,3799,2588,465 Russia
2,2712,2712,9178782,4491,594 Serbia
34,93534,93534,56821,39226,86821,456 Ukraine
7,6538,4337,83510,8789,8428,294 Others
153,654151,109152,241120,393120,430126,090 Subtotal
52,90554,10551,80468,64461,82259,178 United States
206,559205,214204,045189,037182,252185,268 World Total
none
TY Imports
4,6204,6205,2604,4924,5335,224 Algeria
1,5501,5501,3581,1451,1811,036 Bangladesh
1,9501,7501,7971,5273,1772,123 Brazil
2,7202,7202,4442,0001,5801,721 Chile
14,40014,40010,54016,42516,05517,499 China
6,6056,1056,3375,5095,0134,824 Colombia
1,5001,5001,5361,3291,2941,351 Dominican Republic
9,92010,2209,6019,5418,7958,795 Egypt
22,00522,00526,16519,32315,63314,490 European Union
1,4001,4001,2021,0919511,027 Guatemala
13,20013,70012,30011,60010,0008,300 Iran
2,3402,3401,8752,1451,9401,509 Israel
17,77017,37017,72617,58017,00017,073 Japan
1,9501,9501,7501,4221,5881,713 Jordan
1,4501,4503001,0411,146258 Kenya
10,91010,61010,96410,1929,30810,213 Korea, South
4,0004,1003,8003,6453,5314,122 Malaysia
18,16018,01017,07616,39615,28314,827 Mexico
4,2024,2023,0532,6482,6323,182 Morocco
3,7603,7603,8313,4583,4383,083 Peru
12,51012,51010,01011,69211,82513,992 Saudi Arabia
4,2004,2004,2204,5134,2674,781 Taiwan
1,6001,6001,5211,6351,7451,713 Tunisia
2,7052,8053,2543,3131,712714 Turkey
11,65010,65011,1259,5778,6618,179 Vietnam
21,03220,85722,12319,44122,25124,251 Others
198,109196,384191,168182,680174,539176,000 Subtotal
5,0505,38010,2533,4314,2995,287 Unaccounted
3,4003,4502,6242,9263,4143,981 United States
206,559205,214204,045189,037182,252185,268 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 26 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Coarse Grains Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
Production
57,62957,72959,22739,32048,56938,439 Argentina
10,99611,49610,93412,19117,26712,550 Australia
104,349104,232104,33485,058101,57568,649 Brazil
28,56028,56026,19426,24326,62325,769 Canada
262,475262,475265,405265,719269,895271,076 China
17,00016,30016,70016,68015,64115,731 Ethiopia
158,550158,754147,914152,124152,829152,665 European Union
45,95045,95042,97146,94343,46638,698 India
12,70012,70012,00011,90010,90010,500 Indonesia
30,60033,10033,39933,19133,26232,378 Mexico
19,90019,90019,91918,85920,65719,052 Nigeria
40,37539,87534,99841,71540,76537,427 Russia
14,52814,59812,34313,55218,1178,658 South Africa
14,45114,30113,25112,27110,77614,181 Turkey
46,04046,20044,50334,07139,21733,387 Ukraine
169,960166,860174,781166,992166,842157,484 Others
1,034,0631,033,0301,018,873976,8291,016,401936,644 Subtotal
360,823363,654379,930384,387402,607367,007 United States
1,394,8861,396,6841,398,8031,361,2161,419,0081,303,651 World Total
none
Domestic Consumption
19,45919,65918,34517,61316,04414,221 Argentina
70,00270,95269,48367,18164,03259,823 Brazil
23,06023,06023,67923,23021,97120,909 Canada
292,850292,850287,170282,598274,640249,620 China
17,75817,63817,13616,77916,02715,803 Egypt
17,02516,57516,77516,60315,64215,715 Ethiopia
169,170168,970168,570162,370160,840157,150 European Union
46,06546,06544,62044,76942,37540,201 India
17,82017,82016,52015,82014,52014,020 Iran
18,07117,57117,87517,65917,25217,258 Japan
50,69051,69050,30548,41046,84544,715 Mexico
20,20020,20020,16919,55020,30318,990 Nigeria
28,77528,37527,26731,01532,07529,715 Russia
16,96116,86116,45115,23112,89114,021 Turkey
15,55014,55014,12513,67713,05012,279 Vietnam
272,082268,442266,962261,547259,242250,697 Others
1,095,6661,092,5531,094,9771,051,5461,054,342957,908 Subtotal
319,699320,970327,772324,407327,519312,598 United States
1,415,3651,413,5231,422,7491,375,9531,381,8611,270,506 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
6,4566,8624,9863,5046,6983,268 Argentina
5,5228,5925,4859,67214,4927,010 Brazil
4,5134,5133,9414,5675,5624,971 Canada
195,650196,228211,685222,978223,494212,295 China
16,65517,01413,20016,35215,11415,651 European Union
2,8513,7205,5816,1815,9995,835 Mexico
2,3922,5522,1472,9093,9421,323 South Africa
40,39241,54842,51047,16848,51850,375 Others
274,431281,029289,535313,331323,819300,728 Subtotal
52,39452,98257,76957,91962,16848,112 United States
326,825334,011347,304371,250385,987348,840 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 27 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Coarse Grains Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Oct
2019/20
Nov
2019/20
TY Imports none
19,914 North America 19,475 21,159 22,520 22,492 22,592
3,938 Central America 3,799 4,001 4,265 4,550 4,550
2,597 Caribbean 2,659 2,446 2,537 2,640 2,640
13,855 South America 15,059 14,756 15,611 15,770 16,470
14,490 European Union - 28 15,633 19,323 26,165 22,005 22,005
546 Former Soviet Union - 12 827 700 1,088 909 909
29,735 Middle East 30,541 33,556 32,236 36,566 35,966
20,819 North Africa 19,468 19,246 20,935 21,842 21,542
6,057 Sub-Saharan Africa 6,667 3,223 3,561 5,196 5,266
49,600 East Asia 46,723 48,757 43,515 46,630 47,330
15,395 Southeast Asia 14,169 15,529 17,745 17,365 18,365
3,035 Others 2,933 2,910 3,614 3,869 3,874
179,981 Total 177,953 185,606 193,792 199,834 201,509
Production none
425,154 North America 462,492 443,821 439,523 425,314 419,983
122,016 South America 163,989 138,664 177,898 176,027 176,044
152,665 European Union - 28 152,829 152,124 147,914 158,754 158,550
9,294 Other Europe 11,535 7,245 10,322 10,384 10,384
82,805 Former Soviet Union - 12 92,908 88,922 92,976 99,788 100,145
21,738 Middle East 19,047 19,400 19,565 24,054 24,183
12,269 North Africa 9,163 11,463 13,257 11,334 11,334
103,781 Sub-Saharan Africa 121,034 118,783 121,339 113,049 116,783
273,808 East Asia 272,535 268,381 268,117 265,192 265,192
50,626 South Asia 56,497 59,976 56,553 59,872 59,872
31,988 Southeast Asia 34,006 34,740 35,061 36,073 36,073
13,242 Oceania 17,884 12,700 11,524 12,119 11,619
4,265 Others 5,089 4,997 4,754 4,724 4,724
1,303,651 Total 1,419,008 1,361,216 1,398,803 1,396,684 1,394,886
Domestic Consumption none
378,222 North America 396,335 396,047 401,756 395,720 393,449
98,450 South America 103,717 110,472 113,666 116,631 115,881
157,150 European Union - 28 160,840 162,370 168,570 168,970 169,170
8,575 Other Europe 9,050 7,890 8,230 8,583 8,588
53,652 Former Soviet Union - 12 56,546 54,696 50,324 52,111 52,338
51,831 Middle East 51,015 53,349 53,135 58,646 58,716
31,981 North Africa 31,040 31,665 32,527 33,245 33,515
108,904 Sub-Saharan Africa 118,342 118,888 123,986 118,317 122,045
283,996 East Asia 308,094 317,296 323,016 328,109 328,909
53,847 South Asia 56,573 60,415 60,361 62,359 62,319
43,988 Southeast Asia 45,579 47,407 48,629 50,095 51,095
6,435 Oceania 6,760 6,482 7,294 7,296 7,046
10,704 Others 11,377 11,482 11,730 12,166 12,166
1,287,735 Total 1,355,268 1,378,459 1,403,224 1,412,248 1,415,237
Ending Stocks none
58,918 North America 73,729 68,667 67,291 61,215 59,758
13,605 South America 24,662 17,014 13,805 18,709 15,258
15,651 European Union - 28 15,114 16,352 13,200 17,014 16,655
963 Other Europe 1,713 886 939 1,296 1,252
6,303 Former Soviet Union - 12 6,870 5,840 4,873 5,249 4,880
9,156 Middle East 6,232 6,701 5,292 7,790 6,445
5,982 North Africa 3,715 3,321 3,834 4,082 3,465
10,488 Sub-Saharan Africa 13,988 13,425 12,209 8,773 9,833
216,657 East Asia 227,633 227,443 215,991 200,131 199,544
3,101 South Asia 4,185 4,981 2,952 2,758 2,746
5,157 Southeast Asia 3,990 2,913 3,283 3,791 3,691
1,619 Oceania 2,746 2,391 2,447 2,329 2,377
1,240 Others 1,410 1,316 1,188 874 921
348,840 Total 385,987 371,250 347,304 334,011 326,825
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 28 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Corn Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
TY Exports
33,50033,50032,87924,19822,95121,679 Argentina
38,00035,00039,00225,11619,79435,382 Brazil
1,4001,4001,4001,3501,5001,050 Burma
1,5001,5001,7191,9731,5441,767 Canada
2,0002,0003,3001,7492,1891,953 European Union
2,0002,0002,5591,4761,7572,662 Paraguay
5,7005,2003,0005,5325,5894,691 Russia
2,2002,2002,8508192,4141,560 Serbia
1,5001,5001,1832,3611,816759 South Africa
30,00030,00030,30018,03621,33416,595 Ukraine
4,2355,0354,7566,4765,7546,084 Others
122,035119,335122,94889,08686,64294,182 Subtotal
50,00051,50049,19463,66855,61851,056 United States
172,035170,835172,142152,754142,260145,238 World Total
none
TY Imports
4,5004,5004,8004,0463,9894,329 Algeria
1,5501,5501,3581,1451,1811,036 Bangladesh
1,2001,0001,1899432,4391,566 Brazil
1,0001,0002,7711,767686958 Canada
2,6002,6002,2921,8931,4841,539 Chile
7,0007,0004,4833,4562,4643,174 China
6,2005,7006,0325,2014,7544,458 Colombia
1,5001,5001,5361,3291,2941,351 Dominican Republic
9,90010,2009,4009,4648,7738,722 Egypt
21,00021,00024,80018,46514,97314,008 European Union
1,4001,4001,2021,0919511,027 Guatemala
10,00010,5009,0008,9007,8006,600 Iran
2,0002,0001,6001,8611,5391,156 Israel
16,00015,60016,04715,66815,16915,204 Japan
1,3001,3001509001,000200 Kenya
10,80010,50010,85610,0189,22010,121 Korea, South
4,0004,1003,8003,6453,5314,122 Malaysia
17,50017,50016,39616,12914,61413,957 Mexico
3,0003,0002,7512,2832,2212,224 Morocco
3,6003,6003,6943,4023,2692,985 Peru
4,0004,0003,8003,9833,4213,583 Saudi Arabia
4,1004,1004,1004,4104,1634,656 Taiwan
1,1001,1008719611,2441,017 Tunisia
2,6002,7002,9322,7151,421567 Turkey
11,50010,50011,0009,4008,5008,100 Vietnam
17,11316,96316,02315,13017,88019,748 Others
166,463164,913162,883148,205137,980136,408 Subtotal
4,2724,6228,4623,7112,8297,048 Unaccounted
1,3001,3007978381,4511,782 United States
172,035170,835172,142152,754142,260145,238 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 29 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Corn Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
Production
50,00050,00051,00032,00041,00029,500 Argentina
101,000101,000101,00082,00098,50067,000 Brazil
14,00014,00013,88514,09513,88913,680 Canada
254,000254,000257,330259,071263,613264,992 China
8,4008,0008,3508,4007,8477,882 Ethiopia
64,56064,80064,21762,02261,88458,748 European Union
29,00029,00027,23028,75325,90022,567 India
12,70012,70012,00011,90010,90010,500 Indonesia
25,00027,00027,60027,56927,57525,971 Mexico
11,00011,00011,00010,42011,54810,562 Nigeria
8,1008,1007,6088,0848,0876,966 Philippines
14,00013,50011,41513,20115,30513,168 Russia
6,7506,7507,0004,0007,6006,000 Serbia
14,00014,00011,75013,10417,5518,214 South Africa
35,50036,00035,80524,11527,96923,333 Ukraine
107,148104,150111,535110,185103,429100,414 Others
755,158754,000758,725708,919742,597669,497 Subtotal
347,006350,011366,287371,096384,778345,506 United States
1,102,1641,104,0111,125,0121,080,0151,127,3751,015,003 World Total
none
Total Consumption
15,00015,00013,80012,40011,2009,300 Argentina
66,00067,00065,50063,50060,50057,500 Brazil
13,70013,70014,70014,01512,94912,029 Canada
277,000277,000273,000263,000255,000229,000 China
16,70016,70016,20015,90015,10014,850 Egypt
82,50082,50088,00076,50074,00073,500 European Union
29,00029,00028,30026,70024,90023,550 India
13,40013,40012,90012,40012,30012,100 Indonesia
11,40011,40010,3009,8009,3008,800 Iran
16,10015,60016,00015,60015,20015,200 Japan
10,90010,60010,85010,0009,43510,123 Korea, South
44,30045,20043,90042,50040,40037,300 Mexico
11,40011,40011,30011,10011,40010,600 Nigeria
12,30012,30012,20012,23012,66310,970 South Africa
15,40014,40014,00013,50012,90012,200 Vietnam
185,094182,051182,194179,095171,013165,840 Others
819,803817,755831,474776,472773,250683,795 Subtotal
306,466307,735315,198313,981313,828298,845 United States
1,126,2691,125,4901,146,6721,090,4531,087,078982,640 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
5,1175,5903,6122,4075,2731,448 Argentina
5,0808,2805,0809,28014,0196,769 Brazil
2,3792,3792,5792,4172,5742,450 Canada
195,299195,815211,319222,525223,017212,017 China
8,6128,8527,5529,8357,5976,929 European Union
2,3453,0494,9455,6495,4095,159 Mexico
2,1222,2721,8222,6723,6951,096 South Africa
26,47527,31829,44332,56932,32231,871 Others
247,429253,555266,352287,354293,906267,739 Subtotal
48,52748,99353,70954,36758,25344,123 United States
295,956302,548320,061341,721352,159311,862 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 30 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Corn Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Oct
2019/20
Nov
2019/20
TY Imports none
16,697 North America 16,751 18,734 19,964 19,800 19,800
3,938 Central America 3,799 4,001 4,265 4,550 4,550
12,462 South America 13,719 13,566 14,293 14,245 14,945
14,008 European Union - 28 14,973 18,465 24,800 21,000 21,000
356 Former Soviet Union - 12 367 440 600 453 453
14,890 Middle East 16,944 20,417 20,018 22,200 21,600
16,873 North Africa 16,906 17,246 18,522 19,400 19,100
5,408 Sub-Saharan Africa 5,902 2,416 2,724 4,303 4,353
33,189 East Asia 31,109 33,599 35,551 37,250 37,950
15,281 Southeast Asia 13,968 15,183 17,374 17,005 18,005
2,597 Caribbean 2,657 2,446 2,535 2,640 2,640
2,491 Others 2,336 2,530 3,034 3,367 3,367
138,190 Total 139,431 149,043 163,680 166,213 167,763
Production none
385,157 North America 426,242 412,760 407,772 391,011 386,006
108,837 South America 150,633 125,846 163,788 162,521 162,521
58,748 European Union - 28 61,884 62,022 64,217 64,800 64,560
7,447 Other Europe 9,452 5,376 8,663 8,370 8,370
40,267 Former Soviet Union - 12 47,988 42,271 52,539 54,430 54,435
7,789 Middle East 7,283 7,028 7,457 7,753 8,012
6,096 North Africa 6,130 6,523 6,951 6,521 6,521
63,836 Sub-Saharan Africa 75,025 76,337 74,266 69,593 72,727
267,431 East Asia 265,949 261,417 259,739 256,407 256,407
33,218 South Asia 37,764 40,797 39,894 41,821 41,821
3,336 Central America 3,911 3,878 3,598 3,598 3,598
31,693 Southeast Asia 33,716 34,450 34,771 35,783 35,783
1,148 Others 1,398 1,310 1,357 1,403 1,403
1,015,003 Total 1,127,375 1,080,015 1,125,012 1,104,011 1,102,164
Domestic Consumption none
348,174 North America 367,177 370,496 373,798 366,635 364,466
87,971 South America 92,273 98,398 102,111 104,880 104,280
73,500 European Union - 28 74,000 76,500 88,000 82,500 82,500
6,542 Other Europe 6,947 5,857 6,300 6,465 6,465
19,687 Former Soviet Union - 12 20,681 19,265 19,612 19,553 19,043
23,522 Middle East 24,513 27,036 27,435 29,190 29,290
22,990 North Africa 23,290 24,400 24,600 25,900 26,000
68,187 Sub-Saharan Africa 72,597 75,298 76,718 73,778 76,771
260,967 East Asia 286,087 295,227 306,615 309,950 310,750
35,634 South Asia 37,897 41,226 43,072 44,135 44,095
43,584 Southeast Asia 45,097 46,777 47,969 49,450 50,450
7,180 Central America 7,540 7,830 8,050 8,340 8,340
3,769 Others 3,989 3,911 4,062 4,210 4,210
1,001,707 Total 1,062,088 1,092,221 1,128,342 1,124,986 1,126,660
Ending Stocks none
51,732 North America 66,236 62,433 61,233 54,421 53,251
11,209 South America 22,447 15,260 11,725 16,818 13,171
6,929 European Union - 28 7,597 9,835 7,552 8,852 8,612
849 Other Europe 1,464 689 756 1,080 1,036
2,638 Former Soviet Union - 12 3,110 2,489 2,032 1,697 1,712
2,729 Middle East 2,325 2,675 2,550 3,627 2,682
2,988 North Africa 2,555 2,462 2,549 2,836 2,160
7,967 Sub-Saharan Africa 11,019 11,224 9,666 7,109 7,825
215,956 East Asia 226,775 226,575 215,231 199,331 198,818
2,388 South Asia 3,149 3,767 2,220 2,019 1,976
5,151 Southeast Asia 3,979 2,902 3,272 3,780 3,680
889 Central America 1,056 1,056 929 704 722
437 Others 447 354 346 274 311
311,862 Total 352,159 341,721 320,061 302,548 295,956
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 31 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Barley Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
TY Exports
3,0003,0003,0012,5372,6962,836 Argentina
4,3004,5004,0006,0889,1925,401 Australia
2,5002,5002,2691,8681,8091,147 Canada
5,6005,6005,6005,8575,6838,644 European Union
1,8001,8001,8001,411821776 Kazakhstan
5,6005,6004,5005,6613,6263,735 Russia
707065573333 Serbia
1001001611140 Turkey
4,8004,8004,1003,1885,3374,673 Ukraine
100100701211142 Uruguay
686885105168111 Others
27,93828,13825,50626,79529,49027,398 Subtotal
7070101102125161 United States
28,00828,20825,60726,89729,61527,559 World Total
none
TY Imports
150150200541137 Belarus
750750608584737551 Brazil
6,3006,5005,1818,1448,1045,869 China
350350300251258301 Colombia
500500450231447315 European Union
2002001408932567 India
3,2003,2003,3002,7002,2001,700 Iran
300300220234376319 Israel
1,2001,2001,1581,2531,1971,154 Japan
1,1001,100950788759902 Jordan
400400450521569511 Kuwait
200200150199262132 Lebanon
6006008004381,0841,324 Libya
1,2001,200300363407958 Morocco
1501501275616998 Peru
8,5008,5006,2007,7008,40010,400 Saudi Arabia
2002002061472119 Thailand
500500650674501696 Tunisia
500500500263501668 United Arab Emirates
15015012517716179 Vietnam
8818761,8121,8121,9312,011 Others
27,33127,52623,82726,67828,52228,081 Subtotal
5274821,64649876-874 Unaccounted
150200134170217352 United States
28,00828,20825,60726,89729,61527,559 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 32 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Barley Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
Production
2,0502,0501,9509681,0001,300 Algeria
4,7004,8005,0603,7403,3004,940 Argentina
8,4008,6008,3109,25413,5068,993 Australia
9,9009,9008,3807,8918,8398,257 Canada
1,9501,9501,8501,0851,1921,411 China
2,3002,3002,2002,0322,0252,047 Ethiopia
61,80061,64455,89858,65459,86662,095 European Union
1,7501,7501,7811,7471,4381,613 India
3,6003,6002,8003,1003,7243,200 Iran
1,6001,6007809751,5501,550 Iraq
3,9003,9003,9713,3053,2312,675 Kazakhstan
20,00020,00016,73720,21117,54717,083 Russia
2,0002,000400777720637 Syria
7,9008,0007,0006,4004,7507,400 Turkey
9,5009,2007,6048,6959,8748,751 Ukraine
10,79310,77411,52311,17810,19012,755 Others
152,143152,068136,244140,012142,752144,707 Subtotal
3,6923,7313,3433,1194,3534,750 United States
155,835155,799139,587143,131147,105149,457 World Total
none
Total Consumption
2,1002,0502,0001,8502,0502,150 Algeria
1,7001,7001,5001,4001,1001,400 Argentina
4,2004,2004,2003,7003,5003,300 Australia
6,9006,9006,5006,7996,7606,960 Canada
8,3008,5007,0009,3009,2007,500 China
2,3252,3252,2252,2252,0251,990 Ethiopia
54,90054,70051,60054,00055,10051,400 European Union
1,9501,9501,9001,9501,6501,520 India
6,4006,4006,2006,0005,2005,200 Iran
2,2002,2002,2002,1502,2002,000 Kazakhstan
2,4002,4002,9002,8002,4003,200 Morocco
14,10013,70012,20014,50014,70013,700 Russia
8,5258,5257,0258,5259,82510,225 Saudi Arabia
7,9007,9007,5006,7005,5006,900 Turkey
4,6004,3004,1004,5004,9004,300 Ukraine
19,75319,56617,10616,86719,01019,098 Others
148,520147,764137,297142,728146,143142,901 Subtotal
3,6583,6593,5373,4664,3754,408 United States
152,178151,423140,834146,194150,518147,309 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
948897948388447803 Argentina
1,7861,7861,8861,7761,8841,068 Australia
1,3971,3978771,2502,1201,523 Canada
5,9665,9594,1664,6275,4215,924 European Union
9901,390640750839729 Russia
1,2991,5991,3141,8292,3444,059 Saudi Arabia
1,2151,2151,1101,1491,2371,609 Ukraine
6,1736,2355,3195,5655,8467,929 Others
19,77420,47816,26017,33420,13823,644 Subtotal
2,0272,1091,8842,0572,3162,223 United States
21,80122,58718,14419,39122,45425,867 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 33 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Barley Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Oct
2019/20
Nov
2019/20
TY Imports none
615 North America 293 227 182 230 180
1,133 South America 1,249 1,009 1,153 1,310 1,310
315 European Union - 28 447 231 450 500 500
81 Other Europe 124 80 174 90 95
162 Former Soviet Union - 12 442 229 430 400 400
14,798 Middle East 13,563 13,077 12,152 14,310 14,310
3,914 North Africa 2,542 1,990 2,410 2,420 2,420
40 Sub-Saharan Africa 112 49 35 40 40
7,136 East Asia 9,413 9,499 6,459 7,825 7,625
134 South Asia 341 114 171 226 226
7 Oceania 31 19 14 25 25
28,433 Total 28,739 26,848 23,961 27,726 27,481
Production none
13,742 North America 14,170 12,015 12,719 14,641 14,602
5,925 South America 4,714 4,820 6,427 6,218 6,185
62,095 European Union - 28 59,866 58,654 55,898 61,644 61,800
1,258 Other Europe 1,451 1,290 1,253 1,407 1,407
32,491 Former Soviet Union - 12 34,150 35,550 31,247 36,462 36,774
12,880 Middle East 10,831 11,333 11,061 15,283 15,183
5,266 North Africa 2,156 4,041 5,378 3,908 3,908
2,549 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,562 2,537 2,822 2,895 2,835
1,700 East Asia 1,492 1,397 2,149 2,256 2,256
2,121 South Asia 1,843 1,942 1,945 2,105 2,105
9,430 Oceania 13,870 9,552 8,688 8,980 8,780
149,457 Total 147,105 143,131 139,587 155,799 155,835
Domestic Consumption none
12,293 North America 12,085 11,275 11,087 11,659 11,658
3,523 South America 3,442 3,668 3,923 4,248 4,298
51,400 European Union - 28 55,100 54,000 51,600 54,700 54,900
1,373 Other Europe 1,451 1,354 1,343 1,392 1,397
23,861 Former Soviet Union - 12 25,442 24,576 21,768 23,803 24,515
27,160 Middle East 25,523 25,226 24,587 28,377 28,377
8,053 North Africa 6,847 6,359 6,996 6,418 6,588
2,565 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,615 2,753 2,790 2,940 2,940
9,082 East Asia 10,846 10,934 8,595 10,150 9,950
2,093 South Asia 2,073 2,213 2,088 2,338 2,338
3,750 Oceania 3,900 4,050 4,585 4,600 4,600
145,251 Total 149,495 146,732 139,693 150,975 151,911
Ending Stocks none
4,132 North America 4,851 3,722 3,132 3,797 3,715
1,128 South America 832 699 1,328 1,308 1,375
5,924 European Union - 28 5,421 4,627 4,166 5,959 5,966
79 Other Europe 167 135 133 165 165
2,971 Former Soviet Union - 12 2,952 2,559 2,383 3,172 2,773
6,392 Middle East 3,887 3,996 2,712 4,138 3,738
2,945 North Africa 1,106 802 1,228 1,189 1,248
436 Sub-Saharan Africa 488 308 375 318 310
445 East Asia 504 466 479 441 410
275 South Asia 293 253 271 258 259
1,140 Oceania 1,942 1,813 1,926 1,831 1,831
25,867 Total 22,454 19,391 18,144 22,587 21,801
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 34 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Sorghum Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
TY Exports
200100300329457772 Argentina
200250100449542717 Australia
404049433423 China
755075757575 Ethiopia
5050601232474 India
10010010010010050 Nigeria
7575100123164119 Ukraine
105110195306311133 Others
8457759791,5481,7071,963 Subtotal
2,8002,5002,4794,8396,0317,918 United States
3,6453,2753,4586,3877,7389,881 World Total
none
TY Imports
1001001007354134 Chile
9007006524,4365,2098,284 China
5050056064 Colombia
400400675486194119 European Union
500500452594561649 Japan
15015015014114654 Kenya
55040055098548661 Mexico
503059278283 South Africa
1501501001483619 South Sudan
200200160150120200 Sudan
429429532513364596 Others
3,4793,1093,4306,7227,31410,863 Subtotal
16616627-386380-1,080 Unaccounted
001514498 United States
3,6453,2753,4586,3877,7389,881 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 35 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Sorghum Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
Production
2,5002,5002,5003,0003,4003,375 Argentina
1,1001,4001,2781,2579941,791 Australia
2,1002,0502,1772,1361,8651,032 Brazil
1,8001,8001,9301,3661,6631,436 Burkina
1,2001,4001,2001,3521,3391,217 Cameroon
950950988946991835 Chad
3,6003,6003,4502,4652,2352,203 China
5,2005,0005,1505,1704,7524,766 Ethiopia
820815737660632674 European Union
4,5004,5003,7604,8034,5684,238 India
1,3001,3001,4701,4241,3941,527 Mali
4,5005,0004,7004,5454,6385,587 Mexico
1,9001,8002,1001,9451,8081,918 Niger
6,9006,9006,8006,9397,5567,005 Nigeria
4,0004,0004,9533,7436,4662,744 Sudan
7,0746,9267,3477,0596,8047,025 Others
49,44449,94150,54048,81051,10547,373 Subtotal
9,0848,8559,2719,19212,19915,158 United States
58,52858,79659,81158,00263,30462,531 World Total
none
Total Consumption
2,3002,5002,4003,2002,9002,900 Argentina
9001,1501,150800675905 Australia
2,1002,1002,2002,1001,7001,150 Brazil
1,8001,8001,8001,4001,6401,465 Burkina
1,2251,4251,2251,3671,3691,232 Cameroon
1,0001,0001,0001,000950850 Chad
4,4004,2004,1006,9007,40010,500 China
5,1005,0005,1005,0004,7004,700 Ethiopia
1,2201,2201,520970790800 European Union
4,4004,4003,8004,6004,5004,600 India
1,4001,4001,5001,4501,4001,500 Mali
5,1005,2005,1004,7005,3006,300 Mexico
2,0501,9502,1001,8502,0002,000 Niger
6,8006,8006,7506,9507,3506,905 Nigeria
4,4504,2504,9004,4005,9503,100 Sudan
8,3018,1788,3468,2617,7218,370 Others
52,70652,77952,96554,57556,70856,947 Subtotal
6,6046,6046,1894,1196,2836,130 United States
59,31059,38359,15458,69462,99163,077 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
353337353653889952 Argentina
251251251273272233 Australia
1897619425021551 Brazil
710531665670569576 Ethiopia
224224174274196151 India
213378263113172286 Mexico
294151549386993557 Sudan
1,0961,1081,3491,2541,2941,401 Others
3,3303,0563,7983,8734,6004,207 Subtotal
1,3031,3281,617885850930 United States
4,6334,3845,4154,7585,4505,137 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 36 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Sorghum Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Oct
2019/20
Nov
2019/20
TY Imports none
759 North America 592 149 551 400 550
212 South America 60 135 125 175 175
119 European Union - 28 194 486 675 400 400
0 Other Europe 0 0 0 0 0
34 Middle East 30 41 51 31 31
1 North Africa 5 1 0 0 0
578 Sub-Saharan Africa 629 719 779 813 833
9,011 East Asia 5,823 5,156 1,178 1,255 1,455
16 Southeast Asia 19 22 40 10 10
231 Others 6 64 32 25 25
10,961 Total 7,358 6,773 3,431 3,109 3,479
Production none
20,745 North America 16,837 13,737 13,971 13,855 13,584
284 Central America 308 281 272 272 272
123 Caribbean 118 91 106 91 91
5,682 South America 6,159 6,142 5,750 5,591 5,641
674 European Union - 28 632 660 737 815 820
430 Middle East 356 410 440 410 390
755 North Africa 752 754 755 755 755
25,197 Sub-Saharan Africa 29,869 27,013 28,906 27,195 27,463
2,205 East Asia 2,237 2,467 3,452 3,602 3,602
4,399 South Asia 4,717 4,957 3,900 4,640 4,640
55 Southeast Asia 50 50 50 50 50
1,791 Oceania 994 1,257 1,278 1,400 1,100
191 Others 275 183 194 120 120
62,531 Total 63,304 58,002 59,811 58,796 58,528
Domestic Consumption none
12,430 North America 11,583 8,819 11,289 11,804 11,704
292 Central America 308 281 275 275 275
123 Caribbean 120 91 108 91 91
5,409 South America 5,623 6,427 5,712 5,796 5,596
800 European Union - 28 790 970 1,520 1,220 1,220
508 Middle East 383 447 491 441 421
755 North Africa 752 754 755 755 755
25,830 Sub-Saharan Africa 29,541 27,898 29,101 28,198 28,541
11,233 East Asia 8,017 7,622 4,628 4,757 4,957
4,981 South Asia 4,665 4,817 3,967 4,565 4,565
66 Southeast Asia 71 66 89 55 55
905 Oceania 675 800 1,150 1,150 900
75 Others 100 75 95 70 70
63,407 Total 62,628 59,067 59,180 59,177 59,150
Ending Stocks none
1,216 North America 1,022 998 1,880 1,706 1,516
17 Central America 17 12 9 6 6
1,128 South America 1,143 933 628 479 608
16 European Union - 28 24 132 101 98 96
0 Middle East 0 0 0 0 0
48 North Africa 53 54 54 54 54
2,070 Sub-Saharan Africa 2,453 1,869 2,153 1,319 1,678
192 East Asia 199 157 110 217 170
151 South Asia 196 274 174 224 224
233 Oceania 272 273 251 251 251
66 Others 71 56 55 30 30
5,137 Total 5,450 4,758 5,415 4,384 4,633
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 37 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Oats Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
TY Exports
300300210550455214 Australia
1,8001,8001,6651,6851,5571,667 Canada
404040342726 Chile
125150115128179220 European Union
25253010125 Kazakhstan
9090135341416 Russia
1010871948 Ukraine
1111126511 Others
2,4012,4262,2152,4542,2682,207 Subtotal
303026314437 United States
2,4312,4562,2412,4852,3122,244 World Total
none
TY Imports
2020171131 Algeria
303030300 Belarus
553564 Bosnia and Herzegovina
10109121817 Canada
200200224389278172 China
555111 Colombia
303030392138 Ecuador
5515439 European Union
151520192531 India
505046444950 Japan
252531462321 Korea, South
10010012016811977 Mexico
5050932137 Norway
404023392431 South Africa
505051495441 Switzerland
17171092415 Others
652652711855659545 Subtotal
7910413287123167 Unaccounted
1,7001,7001,3981,5431,5301,532 United States
2,4312,4562,2412,4852,3122,244 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 38 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Oats Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
Production
110110110110110110 Algeria
350350572492785553 Argentina
1,0001,0008881,2272,2661,300 Australia
450450342500390492 Belarus
825825795634828351 Brazil
4,0004,0003,4363,7333,2313,425 Canada
385385385573713533 Chile
625625575550525350 China
7,9208,0957,7158,0588,0447,524 European Union
340340336285335244 Kazakhstan
9090103727185 Mexico
300300144283359286 Norway
4,3004,3004,7155,4484,7504,527 Russia
230230230250225250 Turkey
430430423481510498 Ukraine
302302335285309293 Others
21,65721,83221,10422,98123,45120,821 Subtotal
7717878157209381,298 United States
22,42822,61921,91923,70124,38922,119 World Total
none
Total Consumption
130130111117132141 Algeria
380380550525760550 Argentina
7007007009001,5001,025 Australia
475475375500400500 Belarus
805805775675775345 Brazil
2,0002,0002,0802,0351,8541,620 Canada
345345375575655495 Chile
850850870850710500 China
7,7507,8507,8507,9007,9507,400 European Union
315315315275274245 Kazakhstan
190190255200195190 Mexico
350350250320315296 Norway
4,2004,2004,7005,4004,8004,600 Russia
240240230240240240 Turkey
430430450480450450 Ukraine
524524566539507506 Others
19,82519,95020,50621,67021,70919,195 Subtotal
2,4062,4072,3292,3582,5372,700 United States
22,23122,35722,83524,02824,24621,895 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
174134174196419143 Australia
535338236816 Brazil
627627417784703947 Canada
14514117024115259 China
436486386613637690 European Union
686768757527 Kazakhstan
707360167147199 Russia
182187218302391275 Others
1,7551,7681,5312,4012,5922,356 Subtotal
522537549595731824 United States
2,2772,3052,0802,9963,3233,180 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 39 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Oats Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Oct
2019/20
Nov
2019/20
TY Imports none
1,626 North America 1,667 1,723 1,527 1,810 1,810
48 South America 31 46 40 40 40
9 European Union - 28 3 4 15 5 5
53 Other Europe 63 76 149 110 110
4 Former Soviet Union - 12 11 3 31 30 30
1 Middle East 0 0 0 5 5
31 North Africa 15 9 3 22 22
31 Sub-Saharan Africa 24 39 23 40 40
243 East Asia 350 479 301 275 275
31 South Asia 25 19 20 15 15
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
2,077 Total 2,189 2,398 2,109 2,352 2,352
Production none
4,808 North America 4,240 4,525 4,354 4,877 4,861
1,478 South America 2,372 1,742 1,810 1,591 1,591
7,524 European Union - 28 8,044 8,058 7,715 8,095 7,920
421 Other Europe 502 426 293 451 451
5,768 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,990 6,719 5,822 5,526 5,526
250 Middle East 225 250 230 230 230
152 North Africa 125 145 173 150 150
38 Sub-Saharan Africa 56 23 33 40 40
351 East Asia 526 551 576 626 626
0 South Asia 0 0 0 0 0
1,329 Oceania 2,309 1,262 913 1,033 1,033
22,119 Total 24,389 23,701 21,919 22,619 22,428
Domestic Consumption none
4,510 North America 4,586 4,593 4,664 4,597 4,596
1,453 South America 2,268 1,865 1,797 1,601 1,601
7,400 European Union - 28 7,950 7,900 7,850 7,850 7,750
487 Other Europe 514 519 454 559 559
5,802 Former Soviet Union - 12 5,929 6,660 5,846 5,426 5,426
240 Middle East 240 240 230 240 240
183 North Africa 151 152 176 172 172
72 Sub-Saharan Africa 67 66 65 75 75
571 East Asia 784 940 951 926 926
31 South Asia 25 19 20 15 15
1,054 Oceania 1,540 935 728 730 730
21,803 Total 24,054 23,889 22,781 22,191 22,090
Ending Stocks none
1,775 North America 1,437 1,383 968 1,166 1,151
140 South America 240 122 124 104 104
690 European Union - 28 637 613 386 486 436
35 Other Europe 82 62 50 51 51
298 Former Soviet Union - 12 316 330 174 179 179
21 Middle East 6 16 16 11 11
1 North Africa 1 3 3 3 3
15 Sub-Saharan Africa 28 24 15 27 20
62 East Asia 154 244 170 141 145
0 South Asia 0 0 0 0 0
143 Oceania 422 199 174 137 177
3,180 Total 3,323 2,996 2,080 2,305 2,277
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 40 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Rye Trade
October/September Year, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
TY Exports
000000 Albania
160160152227132112 Canada
20020018092139160 European Union
25252001522923 Russia
505060381421 Ukraine
0011924 Others
435435593510323340 Subtotal
554446 United States
440440597514327346 World Total
none
TY Imports
2525252830 Belarus
1001002251371639 European Union
20201521412 Israel
202023212416 Japan
553345 Korea, South
5519542 Norway
552234 Switzerland
4453625 Others
18418431722064103 Subtotal
66-14-309126 Unaccounted
250250294324172217 United States
440440597514327346 World Total
TY=Trade Year, see Endnotes.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 41 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
World Rye Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Local Marketing Years, Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19 2019/20
Oct
2019/20
Nov
none
Production
757587867961 Argentina
650650503670651753 Belarus
400400236342436226 Canada
7,9508,0006,2057,4057,4407,833 European Union
1,6001,6001,9142,5402,5382,084 Russia
320320320320300330 Turkey
340300396510394394 Ukraine
166166122176155186 Others
11,50111,5119,78312,04911,99311,867 Subtotal
270270214260339295 United States
11,77111,7819,99712,30912,33212,162 World Total
none
Total Consumption
757587867961 Argentina
303030302930 Australia
675675550665700800 Belarus
200200142199180119 Canada
7,4007,4006,5007,7007,6007,900 European Union
292935353337 Kazakhstan
555527542667 Norway
1,6001,6001,7502,5002,4002,150 Russia
320320320320300330 Turkey
305280330480380420 Ukraine
11211210310510091 Others
10,75210,7279,90012,20811,85212,023 Subtotal
565565519483496515 United States
11,31711,29210,41912,69112,34812,538 World Total
none
Ending Stocks
353535614199 Belarus
1101106811616551 Canada
9329774826749891,209 European Union
111112 Japan
116116141260291158 Russia
141414141414 Turkey
352049697775 Ukraine
00416124 Others
1,2431,2737941,2111,5901,612 Subtotal
151510151812 United States
1,2581,2888041,2261,6081,624 World Total
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 42 November 2019Office of Global Analysis
Regional Rye Imports, Production, Consumption, and Stocks
Thousand Metric Tons
2015/16 2016/17 2017/18 2018/19
Oct
2019/20
Nov
2019/20
TY Imports none
217 North America 172 326 296 252 252
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
39 European Union - 28 16 137 225 100 100
7 Other Europe 9 8 22 11 11
24 Former Soviet Union - 12 7 28 27 26 26
12 Middle East 4 21 15 20 20
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
21 East Asia 28 24 26 25 25
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
320 Total 236 544 611 434 434
Production none
521 North America 775 602 450 670 670
69 South America 91 97 100 87 87
7,833 European Union - 28 7,440 7,405 6,205 8,000 7,950
108 Other Europe 70 93 53 96 96
3,268 Former Soviet Union - 12 3,624 3,759 2,836 2,575 2,615
330 Middle East 300 320 320 320 320
3 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
0 East Asia 0 0 0 0 0
30 Oceania 29 30 30 30 30
12,162 Total 12,332 12,309 9,997 11,781 11,771
Domestic Consumption none
634 North America 676 682 661 765 765
69 South America 91 97 100 87 87
7,900 European Union - 28 7,600 7,700 6,500 7,400 7,400
113 Other Europe 78 100 73 107 107
3,407 Former Soviet Union - 12 3,513 3,680 2,665 2,584 2,609
342 Middle East 304 341 335 340 340
3 Sub-Saharan Africa 3 3 3 3 3
22 East Asia 29 24 26 25 25
30 Oceania 29 30 30 30 30
12,520 Total 12,323 12,657 10,393 11,341 11,366
Ending Stocks none
63 North America 183 131 78 125 125
0 South America 0 0 0 0 0
1,209 European Union - 28 989 674 482 977 932
0 Other Europe 0 0 0 0 0
336 Former Soviet Union - 12 421 406 229 171 186
14 Middle East 14 14 14 14 14
0 Sub-Saharan Africa 0 0 0 0 0
2 East Asia 1 1 1 1 1
0 Oceania 0 0 0 0 0
1,624 Total 1,608 1,226 804 1,288 1,258
NOTES: Regional definitions appear on last page of this circular. Imports are reported on a trade year basis. All other data are
reported using local marketing years.
Foreign Agricultural Service/USDA 43 November 2019Office of Global Analysis