Fernando Hesse

OCHA Jakarta

United Nations United Nations Disaster Relief Operations Disaster Relief Operations

and Stand-by Arrangementsand Stand-by Arrangements

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

The Asia-Pacific contextThe Asia-Pacific context• Since 2000, 73% of fatalities from natural disasters

occurred in Asia and the Pacific- >99% of all wave / surge deaths (inc. 2004 tsunami)- 97% of all deaths from earthquakes- 64% of all deaths from flooding- 57% of all deaths from wind storms

• The 2004 tsunami accounted for 37% of all recorded fatalities from natural disasters since 2000

• While the actual number of disasters is steadily increasing, they are also affecting more people- 90 million people affected in 1990- 255 million people affected in 2003

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

Earthquakes and tropical stormsEarthquakes and tropical storms

Tsunami - US MilitaryTsunami - US Military

INDIAINDIA

THAILANDTHAILAND

CHINACHINA

INDONESIAINDONESIA

PHILIPPINESPHILIPPINES

Colombo Colombo

Diego Diego GarciaGarcia

SRI LANKASRI LANKA

2 P-3, 1 C-212 P-3, 1 C-21

ALCSGALCSGLINCOLN (CVN) (10 x SH-60)LINCOLN (CVN) (10 x SH-60)

SHILOH (CG) (2 X SH-60)SHILOH (CG) (2 X SH-60)SHOUP (DDG) (2 X SH-60)SHOUP (DDG) (2 X SH-60)

BENFOLD (DDG)BENFOLD (DDG)RAINIER (T-AOE) (2 x MH-60)RAINIER (T-AOE) (2 x MH-60)

Maritime Prepo ShipsMaritime Prepo ShipsPLESS, LUMMUS, BONNYMANPLESS, LUMMUS, BONNYMAN

MedanMedan

UtapaoUtapao

FORT MCHENRY (LSD)FORT MCHENRY (LSD)3 CH-46 3 LCAC 3 CH-46 3 LCAC

PhuketPhuket

LangkawiLangkawi

WESTPAC EXPRESS (HSV) WESTPAC EXPRESS (HSV) CSF-536CSF-536

2 HH-602 HH-60

SingaporeSingapore

PersonnelPersonnel19,50019,500

Air AssetsAir Assets3 C-17 (USTRANSCOM)3 C-17 (USTRANSCOM)2 C-5 (USTRANSCOM)2 C-5 (USTRANSCOM)2 KC-1302 KC-1302 P-3 2 P-3 4 C-24 C-213 fixed- wing 13 fixed- wing (+52 TACAIR ALSG)(+52 TACAIR ALSG)36 Helos36 HelosShips Ships 6 USN6 USN3 MPS3 MPS3 USNS Logistics3 USNS Logistics1 Survey Ship1 Survey Ship1 HSV1 HSV

LUMMUS (MPS)LUMMUS (MPS)BONNYMAN (MPS)BONNYMAN (MPS)

Logistics ShipsLogistics ShipsSAN JOSE (T-AFS)SAN JOSE (T-AFS)

TIPPECANOE (T-AO)TIPPECANOE (T-AO)NOTE: USNS RAiNIER w/ALCSGNOTE: USNS RAiNIER w/ALCSG

4 X C-24 X C-2

JakartaJakarta

CONCORD (T-AFS)CONCORD (T-AFS)2 MH-602 MH-60

A LINCOLN CSG A LINCOLN CSG CSG-ICSG-I

SAN JOSE (T-AFS)SAN JOSE (T-AFS)2 MH-602 MH-60

TIPPECANOE (T-AO)TIPPECANOE (T-AO)

KadenaKadena2 KC-135 on alert2 KC-135 on alert

ON STATION CSG AIRFIELDS IN BOUND OUT BOUNDON STATION CSG AIRFIELDS IN BOUND OUT BOUND

ESSEX (LHD)ESSEX (LHD)4 MH-53, 4 MH-60, 2 LCU4 MH-53, 4 MH-60, 2 LCU

5 CH-465 CH-46

MCDONNELL (T-AGS)MCDONNELL (T-AGS)

MALDIVESMALDIVES

PLESS (MPS)PLESS (MPS)

MERCY (T-AH)MERCY (T-AH)

FutenmaFutenma2 KC-1302 KC-130

SWIFT (HSV)SWIFT (HSV)

INDIAINDIA

INDONESIAINDONESIA

Colombo Colombo

U-tapaoU-tapao

SRI LANKASRI LANKA

MedanMedan

Med TeamMed Team

AcehAceh

2 x C-1302 x C-130

LPA – CJTF 629LPA – CJTF 629Helos x 2Helos x 2

Khao LakKhao Lak

1 x DVI 1 x DVI TeamTeam

MaleMale

Med TeamMed Team

Ships x 1Ships x 1Helos x 1Helos x 1

Ships x 1Ships x 1Helos x 1Helos x 1Eng TeamEng Team

C-130 x 6C-130 x 6B-707 x 1B-707 x 1UH-1 x4UH-1 x4

LST x 2LST x 2

C-130 x 5C-130 x 5CH-47 x 3CH-47 x 3

DarwinDarwin

Hospital ShipHospital ShipHelos x 2Helos x 2

Ships X 2Ships X 2Med TeamMed TeamEng TeamEng Team

Ships x 3Ships x 3LST/AOE/DD LST/AOE/DD CH-47 x 3 CH-47 x 3 UH-60 x 2UH-60 x 2SH-60 x 2SH-60 x 2Med TeamMed Team

Tsunami - Non-US MilitaryTsunami - Non-US Military

211 pax211 pax

C-130 x 1 C-130 x 1 Ships x 2Ships x 2

C-130 x 2 C-130 x 2 Ships x 2Ships x 2Eng TeamEng Team

C-130 x 1C-130 x 1Water SystemWater System

Field HospitalField Hospital

C-130 x 2C-130 x 2Ships x 2Ships x 2Helos x 3Helos x 3Med Team Med Team Eng TeamEng Team

Field Hospital Field Hospital Eng TeamEng Team

Fixed wing x 1Fixed wing x 1MP TeamMP Team

C-130 x 1C-130 x 1

Ship x 1Ship x 1C-130 x 2C-130 x 2Helos x 2Helos x 2Med TeamMed TeamEng TeamEng Team

RNZAF B-757 RNZAF B-757 in regionin region

MeulabohMeulabohShip x 1 Helo Ship x 1 Helo x 1 x 1 DART TeamDART Team

ROWPU x 4ROWPU x 4Med TeamMed TeamEng TeamEng Team

Forensic Forensic TeamTeam

LST: RTHPLST: RTHP

Helos x 1Helos x 1

K.L.K.L.

C-160 x 2C-160 x 2Helos x 5Helos x 5

Field HospField HospEng Team x 2Eng Team x 2ALT x 2ALT x 2

HH-60 x 2 HH-60 x 2 Field Field HospitalHospital

Ships x 7Ships x 7Helos x 3Helos x 3Fixed Wing x 2Fixed Wing x 2

AUSAUS

AUTAUT

BGDBGD

INDIND

JPNJPN

KORKOR SGPSGPNZLNZL

MYSMYS

GBRGBR

FRAFRA

DEUDEU PAKPAK

CHECHE

PRCPRCCANCAN

BRNBRN

C-130 x 2C-130 x 2

NORNOR

Helos x 2Helos x 2

Helos x 4Helos x 4

Helos x 1Helos x 1

C-130 x 1C-130 x 1LST to SLLST to SLETD: 29 JanETD: 29 Jan

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

OCHA’s roleOCHA’s role • In 1991, GA adopted Resolution 46/182 to strengthen the UN response to

complex emergencies and natural disasters under DHA in UN Secretariat

• The USG heading OCHA is also designated the UN ERC

• OCHA’s Core Functions are:

- Advocacy of humanitarian issues

- Coordination of humanitarian emergency response

- Policy development, to ensure that all humanitarian issues are addressed

• For in-country emergency preparedness and response coordination, OCHA works through the office of the UN RC / HC and with the IASC CT

• Engagement with other key actors at HQ, regional, national and field level

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

OCHA tools and servicesOCHA tools and servicesOCHA supports the UN system and

broader humanitarian community: UNDAC, INSARAG, OSOCC Flash Appeals, Consolidated Appeals (CAPs), financial tracking

system (FTS) The Central Emergency Response Fund (CERF) Supporting Humanitarian Coordinators (HCs) Cluster/sector coordination Information Management (IM) Information services –ReliefWeb, IRIN Public Information/Advocacy Civil-military coordination Early warning Contingency planning

National National levellevel

Local Emergency Local Emergency Management LevelManagement Level

International International levellevel

LevelsLevels ofof coordinationcoordination

OCHA’sOCHA’s GlobalGlobal CoordinationCoordination ModelModel

Disaster affected country

• National disaster relief coord.

• Embassies

• UN agencies’ reps.

• National Red Cross/Crescent

• National NGO’s

• Others (including private)

International response

• Donor governments

• Inter Governmental org.

•UN agencies

• Red Cross/Crescent family.

• International NGO’s

• Others (including private)OCHA

(IASC)

Information on needs & national response

Information onneeds/international response

Representative ofOCHA (ResReps/UNDAC)

ASSISTANCE

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

OCHA presence in 2009OCHA presence in 2009

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

Humanitarian ReformHumanitarian Reform

PARTNERSHIPSS

EC

TO

RS

LE

AD

ER

SH

IP

FIN

AN

CIN

G

STRENGTHENING HUMANITARIAN

RESPONSE

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

Strengthening PartnershipsStrengthening Partnerships• UN and non-UN agencies

- Improvement through cluster approach and CERF grant request process

- Three global clusters co-led by non-UN agencies (IFRC, IOM and Save the Children)

• Partnerships with national authorities- Clusters help to clarify and strengthen

• The Global Humanitarian Platform

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC)The Inter-Agency Standing Committee (IASC)

Food and Agriculture Organization (FAO)

United Nations Office for Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

United Nations Development Programme (UNDP)

United Nations Population Fund (UNFPA)

United Nations Human Settlements Programme (UNHABITAT)

United Nations High Comissioner for Refugees (UNHCR)

United Nations Children's Fund (UNICEF)

World Food Programme (WFP)

World Health Organization (WHO)

International Committee of the Red Cross (ICRC)

International Council of Voluntary Agencies (ICVA)

International Federation of Red Cross and Red Crescent Societies (IFRC)

American Council for Voluntary International Action (InterAction)

International Organization for Migration (IOM)

Office of the High Commissioner for Human Rights (OHCHR)

Office of the Special Representative of the Secretary General on the Human Rights of Internally Displaced Persons (RSG on Human Rights of IDPs)

Steering Committee for Humanitarian Response (SCHR)

World Bank (World Bank)

Includes:•UN agencies•Red Cross/Red Crescent Movement•IOM•World Bank•NGO Consortia

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

Ensuring Capacity & Predictability: Ensuring Capacity & Predictability: The Cluster Approach

Sector or Area of Activity Global Cluster Lead

Agriculture FAO

Camp Coordination/Management:    IDPs (from conflict)Disaster situations

UNHCR IOM

Early Recovery UNDP

EducationUNICEFSave The Children - United Kingdom

Emergency Shelter:   IDPs (from conflict)Disaster situations

UNHCRIFRC (Convener)

Emergency Telecommunications OCHA/UNICEF/WFP

Health WHO

Logistics WFP

Nutrition UNICEF

Protection: IDPs (from conflict)Disasters/civilians affected by conflict (other than IDPs)

UNHCRUNHCR/OHCHR/UNICEF

Water, Sanitation and Hygiene UNICEF

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

Strengthening Leadership: Humanitarian CoordinatorsStrengthening Leadership: Humanitarian Coordinators

• Effective leadership and coordination in humanitarian emergencies

• HC strengthening project

• HC pool of qualified leaders

• Appropriate training and support system for existing and future HCs

• Agreed system for designation of HCs

• Review of HC terms of reference in 2008

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

Predictable Humanitarian FinancingPredictable Humanitarian Financing

• Humanitarian Pooled Funds (HC managed):

CERF

Global

•Target: $500m (both loan and grant elements)

•2008 size (so far): $480m

CHFsCountry level

(Sudan and DRC; replication in CAR and Ethiopia likely)

•Size of funds in 2007 varied from $118m - $154m

ERFsCountry level

(11 active funds)

•Sizes of funds has varied from $500,000 to $17m

-

Local Emergency Management Agency

(LEMA)

On Site Operations and Coordination

Centre (OSOCC)

Assisting International

Forces

Assisting International

Forces

National Military Forces (National Command

Channel)

International Responders

UN Agencies, Funds &

Programmes

Non Governmental Organisations

(NGOs)

Civil Military Operations Centre

(CMOC)

Assisting International

Forces

Clusters

Disaster Response Coordination

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

UN Stand-by ArrangementsUN Stand-by ArrangementsPhysical Arrangements Managed by OCHA’s Field Coordination Support Section:

•UNDAC system, with regional teams in Africa/Europe, Latin America and the Caribbean, and Asia-Pacific

•OCHA Standby Partnerships which provide humanitarian experts for short term assignments in OCHA field offices. Registered Engineers for Disaster Relief (RedR) Australia and Austcare Australia in the Asia Pacific Region

•INSARAG, with regional groupings in Africa/Europe, the Americas and Asia-Pacific.

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

UN Stand-by ArrangementsUN Stand-by Arrangements•IHP system: provides technical support modules for humanitarian missions. An Asia-Pacific Humanitarian Partnership (APHP) involving Australia, China, Japan, Korea, New Zealand and Singapore was developed in 2005 to provide similar support in this region

• Virtual On Site Operations Coordination Centre (V-OSOCC) : real-time information exchange for emergency managers and provides the platform for GDACS

•OCHA works closely with UN Agencies, IFRC, regional organizations and other humanitarian response partners, including the NGOs MapAction and Telecoms sans Frontières

•DHL Disaster Response Team (DRT) Singapore – establish a global network of DRT to provide logistical support to response operations

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

UN Stand-by ArrangementsUN Stand-by Arrangements

Procedural/Framework Arrangements

Space and Major Disasters Charter – aims to provide a unified system of space data acquisition and delivery to those affected by natural or man-made disasters through authorized users

OCHA supports the development of the ARF HADR Strategic Guidelines as specifically requested to by the ASEAN Ministers in their statement following the 36th ASEAN Ministerial Meeting in Kuala Lumpur in July 2006

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

UN Stand-by ArrangementsUN Stand-by ArrangementsProcedural/Framework Arrangements cont’d:

OCHA has also supported the development of the ASEAN SASOPs and of similar ongoing initiatives within South Asian Association for Regional Cooperation (SAARC) and the Pacific Island Forum (PIF)

OCHA has worked closely with the Multinational Planning and Augmentation Team (MPAT) and supports the MPAT SOP process

OCHA will continue to support national and multilateral efforts to strengthen the physical and procedural disaster management and response framework within the Asia Pacific Region

Regional Office for Asia Pacific (ROAP)UN Office for the Coordination of Humanitarian Affairs (OCHA)

QUESTIONS?