Unit6

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Ⅰ. Objectives

Ⅱ. Suggested Teaching Plan

Ⅲ. Background Information

Ⅳ. Class Presentation

Preview

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Preview

This is the 6th unit of Book Two. In the Listening and Speaking section, you will learn how to express sympathy. This unit also offers two touching stories on this theme. Texts A & B tell about the story of a McDonald’s employee extending sympathy to a five-year-old boy who is critically ill, at the risk of losing his job. Text C tells a moving story that takes place on Christmas Eve at a California airport.

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Ⅰ. Objectives

After studying this unit, the students are expected to be able to

master the basic language and skills necessary to express sympathy; 1.understand the main ideas of Text A, Text B and Text C, and master the useful sentence structures and words and expressions found in the exercises relevant to the first two texts;

2.

3. know how to use the passive voice;

4. know how to write a personal letter (1);

5. understand paragraph development (3).

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Ⅱ. Suggested Teaching Plan

Suggested Time and Teaching Plan for Unit 6

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1) The Language for Expressing Sympathy

Give a brief lead-in talk on the nature and uses of expressing sympathy;

A.

The teacher begins with the Preview to make sure that the students have a general idea of what this unit is all about. Then, the teacher activates Listening and Speaking exercises as follows:

2 periods Preview

Listening and Speaking

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B. Present the necessary language by doing Exercise 1;

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C.Ask one student to read aloud the talk so students can check their completed answers;

D. Ask a student to describe to the class either a true or an imaginary event that was / may be greatly distressing to him or her; then invite the rest of the students to express sympathy, trying to use the language they have just learned in Exercise 1.

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2) Practicing How to Express Sympathy

Go through the new words in the first conversation in Exercise 3;

A.

B. Have the students listen to the conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words;

C.Ask them to answer the questions about the conversation;

D.Tell them to look for the language used to express sympathy;

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Ask students to role-play the conversation in pairs, and require several pairs to act them out in the front of the classroom;

E.

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Next, have the students listen to the second conversation twice and complete the short passage accordingly;

F.

G.Suggest they discuss each of their completed answers in order to gain a better understanding of the conversation;

H.Now have them listen to the conversation again and complete the form as the speaker recounts it;

I.Afterwards, have them check their responses by acting out the conversation;

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3) Listening Practice

Before ending class, the teacher tells the students to do Exercises 5-10 as their assignment to review the functional and notional language picked up in the Listening and Speaking section. The teacher also tells them that they should be prepared to answer the questions in Exercise 9 and give an oral presentation on the topic in Exercise 10 when they next meet.

Finally, organize a unique classroom activity for students to reinforce the useful language previously learned by doing Exercise 4.

J.

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3 periods Review of the listening and speaking skills the students have learned,

The teacher begins with a review of the functional and notional language the students picked up in the previous classes. The teacher asks several students to answer the questions in Exercise 9 of the Listening and Speaking section, and invites a few to share with their classmates their opinions on the topic of “What Kinds of things arouse your sympathy?” Then, the teacher turns to the Reading and Writing section. (These activities should be completed in 15 minutes.)

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1) StarterAfter a brief explanation of the instructions, the teacher

A. gives the students a few minutes to discuss in groups the questions in the starter;

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Text A & text-related exercises

B. asks some students to report their group’s discussion. (10 minutes)

2) Text A

A.

The teacher

lets the students answer the text-related questions, helps them identify the main idea of each paragraph and analyzes some difficult sentences and some language

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B. guides the students through the exercises, focusing on certain items or leaving some exercises as the students’ homework, according to the students’ different levels of English (one period).

1 period Grammar Review 1) Grammar ReviewThe teacher talks about the use of the passive voice, and at the same time asks the students to do the grammar exercises in class.

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points while discussing the whole text with the students (one and a half periods).

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Practical Writing 2) Practical Writing

The teacher explains to the students how to write a personal letter (1) by doing Exercise 11 of Practical Writing, and then requires the students to do Exercise 12 after class.

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2 periods Text B, Text C & text-related exercises

1) Text B

While discussing the text with the students, the teacher calls on them to pay attention to the structure of the paragraphs of the text, introducing briefly the concept of the topic sentence. Exercises 14 and 15 can be done either in class or after class.

2) Text C

This text should be read by the students themselves as their homework or done as fast-reading in class.

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Basic Reading Skills 3) Basic Reading Skills

The teacher explains to the students paragraph development (3), and asks them to do the exercises in Basic Reading Skills.

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Ⅲ. Background Information

McDonald’s Corporation

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McDonald’s Corporation

McDonald’s Corporation is a fast-food restaurant

company based in Oak Brook, Illinois. Since the 1950s,

McDonald’s family-oriented restaurants have revolutionized

the fast-food business and the company has become one

of the best known in the world. Tens of thousands of

McDonald’s restaurants worldwide serve millions of

customers a day. McDonald’s restaurants, which offer toy

promotions and often feature playgrounds, are especially

popular with children.

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The first McDonald’s restaurant was founded in 1940 by brothers Dick and Mac McDonald in San Bernardino, California. In 1948 the brothers remodeled their McDonald’s drive-in restaurant, creating the prototype for the modern fast-food restaurant. By the mid-1950s the original McDonald’s generated $350,000 a year in revenues. In 1954 Ray Kroc, then a 52-year-old salesman of milkshake machines, visited the restaurant and became convinced that its concept could work in other cities. The McDonald brothers agreed to let Kroc sell McDonald’s franchises (the right to market the company’s products within

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a certain area). In 1955 Kroc established a franchising company known as McDonald’s Systems, Inc. and opened a second McDonald’s restaurant in Des Plaines, Illinois. Within its first four years, the company had opened 228 restaurants, which generated $37.6 million in annual sales. In 1961 Kroc bought out the McDonald brothers for $2.7 million.

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During the 1960s, McDonald’s began to mount aggressive advertising and marketing campaigns. In 1962 the company adopted the golden arches as its trademark. Ronald McDonald, the familiar clown that serves as McDonald’s mascot, was introduced in 1963. That year, signs at McDonald’s restaurants announced that the company had sold more than 1 billion hamburgers. In 1968 McDonald’s restaurants began serving the Big Mac, a two-patty burger that became the company’s flagship product. The company launched its highly successful “You deserve a break today” advertising campaign in 1970. By 1972 McDonald’s had 2,000 restaurants and $1 billion in annual sales.

McDonald’s also began to establish high-profile charities. The company opened the first

Ronald McDonald House in Philadelphia, Penn-sylvania, in 1974. Ronald McDonald Houses

provide temporary housing near hospitals for the families of seriously ill children. Today, Ronald McDonald House Charities operate more than

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Although McDonald’s remained dedicated to its established format, the company introduced a number of new products and services in the 1970s and 1980s. Many of these innovations proved startlingly successful. McDonald’s began serving breakfast in 1973. By the late 1980s, one-fourth of Americans who ate breakfast away from home did so at McDonald’s. In 1975 McDonald’s introduced drive-through window service, enabling motorists to make purchases without leaving their cars. By the mid-1990s, drive-through business accounted for about half of all McDonald’s sales in the United States. In 1983 the company introduced Chicken McNuggets, bite-sized fried chicken morsels accompanied by dipping sauces. Within a few months McDonald’s ranked as the world’s second largest retailer of chicken.

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International expansion also became an important part of the company’s business strategy. McDonald’s opened its first restaurant outside the United States in 1967. In 1988 McDonald’s operated 2,600 stores outside the United States, generating $1.8 billion in annual revenues. By 1994 the company had 4,700 international franchises, producing $3.4 billion in annual revenues. The first McDonald’s in Moscow, Russia, served more than 30,000 customers on its first day of operation in 1990, setting the record for the most people served by one restaurant in a single day. In 1992 McDonald’s opened a restaurant in Beijing, China. The Beijing McDonald’s — which featured 700 seats, 2 kitchens, 29 cash registers, and 850 employees — is the company’s largest. The Beijing McDonald’s attracted 40,000 customers on its first day, breaking the record established by the Moscow McDonald’s two years earlier.

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Ⅳ. Class Presentation

Listening & Speaking

Reading & Writing

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Time for Fun

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Listening & Speaking

The Language for Expressing Sympathy

Expressing Sympathy

Listening Practice

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Listening Practice

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Listen to the following people talking and decide on the most appropriate responses.

Listen to the following five short dialogues and choose the appropriate answers.

Listen to the following short story twice. Listen carefully and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the story you have heard. Listen to the following talk and fill in the blanks with the missing words. The talk is given twice.

Listen to the talk again and then answer the following questions orally. Have a discussion on the topic given below.

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You are going to listen to an instructor explaining the language necessary to express sympathy. Listen carefully and fill in the blanks with the missing words.

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The Language for Expressing Sympathy

Instructor: It is humane ( 仁慈的 ) to express sympathy. We practice this behavior when someone has bad luck or . It is intended to express our , thus promoting our mutual ( 相互的 ) understanding through communication.

an awful experience_________________

care, concern and comfort______________________

Sympathetic expression is part of . It is of great help to learn how to in the proper way. Pick up the following language to express sympathy:

daily communication__________________express sympathy_______________

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— I’m deeply sorry to learn about . — I’m most upset to hear about .— I feel tremendous sympathy for .— Please accept my deepest sympathies. (Very formal expression given to the sufferer.)— Oh! What a dreadful thing to happen!— You must be feeling very sad. — Poor thing! He must be feeling awful now. — Is there any way I can help?— I know how it feels.— That’s too bad!— That’s just awful!— How terrible!— What a pity! — It’s a sad thing.— Oh, that’s such hard luck!

what happened to you___________________her bad luck___________

his condition___________

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Describe to the class either a true or an imaginary event that was / may be greatly distressing to you and expect someone to express sympathy using the language learned in Exercise 1.

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Expressing Sympathy

1) Before you listen to the first conversation, read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.

Red Cross 红十字会

symbol 标志；符号

donation 捐款

suffer from 遭受；患（病）

leukemia 白血病

make a difference 有影响，有（重要）作用

That’s for sure. = Of course. / Certainly.

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Listen to the following conversation twice and fill in the blanks with the missing words.

Li Ming: Hey, Wang Ying, there’s a crowd over there. What’s

?

Wang Ying: Didn’t you see the Red Cross symbol there? They’re

to children suffering from leukemia.

Li Ming: Poor kids. What a sad thing! Their parents must be

.

Wang Ying: Yes. I can imagine. I’m deeply sorry .

Li Ming: Is there any way ?

Wang Ying: I think so. Let’s go make a contribution.

going on________

making a donation_______________

feeling awful___________

for them________

we can help__________

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Li Ming: Okay. Do you think my little contribution can

?

Wang Ying: Remember, you’re not alone. If everybody contributes, it’ll

.

Li Ming: I get what you mean.

Wang Ying: You know, is to express our

heartfelt concern.

Li Ming: Yes, that’s something. To be able to give is really

meaningful, isn’t it?

Wang Ying: . I’ll donate 10 yuan. And you?

make a

difference

________

__________

make a big difference___________________

the most important thing____________________

That’s for sure____________

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Now listen to the conversation again and answer the following questions.

1. What are people doing there?

They’re making a contribution to children suffering from leukemia.

2. How do Wang Ying and Li Ming feel about the children?

They feel deeply sorry.

3. What do they want to do?

They want to make a contribution.

4. What does Wang Ying say about their little contribution? If everybody contributes, it will make a big difference.

5. What does Wang Ying say is meaningful about the donation? It reflects their heartfelt concern.

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2) Before you listen to the second conversation, read the following words and expressions which may be new to you.

flu 流感 stomach 胃

upset stomach 吃坏了的肚子 nausea 恶心 vomiting 呕吐

keep down 不使 ( 胃中食物 ) 吐出

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Listen to the following conversation twice and then complete the passage according to the conversation you have just heard.

Anna called Bob, asking him . Bob told her that he

had caught the flu. , which had given him a terribly

upset stomach, nausea, and vomiting. Anna asked Bob if there was anything

. Actually, he told her, Helen was taking care of him. All Bob

could do was wait until , so Anna wished him

.

how he was doing_______________

It was a stomach flu_________________

she could do___________it was over_________

a quick recovery ______________

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Listen to the conversation again, and complete the form as the speaker recounts it. After that, act it out in class.

Bob:

Anna:

Bob:

Anna:

Bon:

Anna:

Hello?

Not so good. I’ve caught the flu.

Oh, I’m sorry to hear that. What kind of flu is it? _____________________________________________________Stomach flu. You know — terrible upset stomach, nausea, vomiting. Yesterday I couldn’t even keep warm water down.

That sounds awful. Is there anything I can do? ______________________________________________________

Hi! This is Anna. How are you doing? _____________________________________________________

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Bob:

Anna:

Bob:

No, I don’t think so. Helen’s taking care of me. I just have to wait until it’s over.

Well, I hope it doesn’t take long. Let me know if I can help. _______________________________________________

Okay, I will. See you.

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Pretend to look really sick in class and see what people say to you. Try to use the language you have picked up.

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Listen to the following people talking and decide on the most appropriate responses.

1. W: I’d love to, but I’m afraid I’m not free. How about next weekend? Q: When is the woman available for swimming?

M: Say, why don’t we go swimming this weekend? script

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KEY A) On weekends.

B) This weekend.

C) Next weekend.

D) During the week.

Listening Practice

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2. W: What kind of ice cream do you have? Q: What is the man going to have?

M: I’d like some coffee, please. script

KEY A) Coffee.

B) Dessert.

C) Ice cream.

D) A piece of cake.

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3. script

KEY A) A call from the man.

B) Cool temperature.

C) An air-conditioner.

D) Room service.

M: Isn’t it warm here? Do you want me to turn the air-conditioner down? W: No, it’s OK for me just now. Why don’t you ring room service and order some food? Q: What does the woman want?

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4. script

KEY A) All day.

B) From 7 till 11.

C) From 11 till 7.

D) Around the clock.

M: What time do you serve dinner? W: The restaurant’s only open from 7 till 11, but the coffee shop is open all day. Q: When is the restaurant open?

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5.

M: Sounds like an exciting trip. Q: What is the woman’s third stop?

W: My first stop is San Francisco. A friend of mine will pick me up at the airport and drive me to the conference center. After the conference I’ll fly to New York and then to Florida for a visit. Then I’ll be back to San Francisco and leave for Shanghai from there.

script

A) Florida.

B) Shanghai.

C) New York.

D) San Francisco.

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KEY

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Listen to the following five short dialogues and choose the appropriate answers.

1. W: No, you have to type it. Q: What does the woman mean?

M: Is this paper acceptable? script

KEY A) You should have turned the paper in yesterday.

B) The typing errors are not acceptable.

C) The paper must be typed.

D) The paper is acceptable.

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2. script

KEY A) He is in too much of a hurry to wait for the elevator.

B) He doesn’t know where the elevator is.

C) He uses elevators all the time.

D) He prefers to use the stairs.

M: I know, but I like to walk up. Q: What does the man mean?

W: The elevator is over here.

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3. script

KEY A) She thinks the explanations are difficult.

B) The explanations will be added in a later edition.

C) The book includes an explanation of all the answers.

D) She thinks the book should include more information.

W: But it does. Q: What does the woman say about the text book?

M: I don’t understand why this text book doesn’t provide an explanation of the answers.

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4. script

KEY A) Become a representative of the class.

B) Give a presentation to the class.

C) C) Leave class early.

D) Take pictures.

M: I have to practice using the projector and prepare my presentation for class today. Q: What will the man do in class?

W: Why are you going to school so early?

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5. script

KEY A) She wants the man to walk with her.

B) She lives far away.

C) She has a new car.

D) Her car is close-by.

W: No, thanks, it’s not far. Q: What does the woman mean?

M: It’s getting dark. Do you want me to walk you to your car?

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Listen to the following short story twice. Listen carefully and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the story you have heard.

motorcycle 摩托车come out 苏醒

anesthesia 麻醉剂ankle 踝

Jesus 天哪 ! ( 表示誓言或强烈的怀疑、敬畏、失望、痛苦等 )gasp 气喘吁吁地说

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1. The poor guy survived a terrible motorcycle accident.

2. When he came out, the motorcyclist found that he had lost two legs.

3. The doctor looked very serious while talking to the poor guy.

4. The doctor told him some good news as well as some bad news.

5. The good news was that the poor guy could sell his boots.

T____

F____

F____

T____

T____

script

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There’s a sad story about a poor guy who was in a terrible motorcycle

accident. When he came out of anesthesia, the doctor was leaning over

him anxiously.

“Son,” he said, “I’ve got some good news and some bad news. The

bad news is that you were in a very serious accident, and I’m afraid we

had to amputate both your feet just above the ankle.”

“Jesus,” gasped the patient. “What’s the good news?”

“The fellow in the next bed over would like to buy your boots.”

Tapescript

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Listen to the following talk and fill in the blanks with the missing words. The talk is given twice.

Man has always had superstitions ( 迷信 ) about numbers and about da

ys. Some are supposed to be lucky; some, . Why the number 13 c

ame to be considered unlucky no one really knows, though there are

about it. One explanation Scandinavian myth

ology ( 神话 ). There were 12 demigods ( 半神半人 ), according to this legend,

and then Loki ( 火神 ) appeared, . Since Loki was evil and

cruel and caused human misfortunes ( 灾祸 ), and since he was the 13th de

migod, the number 13 came to be a sign of .

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unlucky_______

some theories____________ has to do with____________

making the 13th______________

bad luck________

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Some people think the superstition goes back to the fact that there were

13 persons at the Last Supper, and that Judas ( 犹大 ) was !

Whatever its origin, the superstition about the number 13 is found

Europe and America.

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the 13th guest_____________

in almost

every country

________

____________

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1. How have numbers and days been considered in human history?

Some have been considered to be lucky; some, unlucky.

2. Why did the number 13 come to be considered unlucky?

It is unknown.

Listen to the talk again and then answer the following questions orally.

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3. Are there any explanations for the origin of the number 13?

Yes. There are some.

4. What does the Scandinavian legend tell us?

There were 12 demigods and then Loki appeared, making the 13th. Since Loki was evil and cruel and caused human misfortunes, and since he was the 13th demigod, the number 13 came to be a sign of bad luck.

5. What can we learn from the second explanation?

There were 13 persons at the Last Supper, and Judas was the 13th guest.

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Have a discussion on the topic given below.

What kinds of things arouse your sympathy?

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Reading & Writing

Text A

Text B

Text C

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Billy (Part one)

Billy (Part two)

The Christmas Man

Text A Exercises

Text B Exercises

Comprehension of the Text

Basic Reading Skills

Grammar Review

Practical Writing

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Starter

Were you ever seriously ill when you were a child? How did you feel then

and what did other people do to help you? Share your story with the class.

Text A

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Text A

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CH

BillyJeff McMullen

All of the significant battles are waged within the self. — Sheldon Koggs

1 A number of years ago (1983-1987), I had the opportunity to play the character of Ronald McDonald for the McDonald’s Corporation. My marketplace covered most of Arizona and a portion of Southern California.2 One of our standard events was “Ronald Day.” One day each month, we visited as many of the community hospitals as possible, bringing a little happiness into a place where no one ever looks forward to going. I was very proud to be able to make a difference to children and adults who were experiencing some “down time.” The warmth and gratification I would receive stayed with me for weeks. I loved the project, McDonald’s loved the project, the kids and adults loved it and so did the nursing and hospital staff.

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Text A

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3 There were two restrictions placed on me during a visit. First, I could not go anywhere in the hospital without McDonald’s personnel as well ashospital personnel. That way, if I were to walk into a room and frighten a child, there was someone there to deal with the issue immediately. And second, I could not physically touch anyone within the hospital. They did not want me transferring germs from one patient to another. I understood why they had this “don’t touch” rule, but I didn’t like it. I believe that touching is the most honest form of communication we will ever know. Printed and spoken words can lie; it is impossible to lie with a warm hug.4 Breaking either of these rules, I was told, meant I could lose my job.N

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Text A

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5 Toward the end of my fourth year of “Ronald Days,” as I was heading

down a corridor after a long day in greasepaint and on my way home, I

heard a little voice. “Ronald, Ronald.”

6 I stopped. The soft little voice was coming through a half-opened door.

I pushed the door open and saw a young boy, about five years old, lying in

his dad’s arms, hooked up to more medical equipment than I had ever seen.

Mom was on the other side, along with Grandma, Grandpa and a nurse

tending to the equipment.

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Text A

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7 I knew by the feeling in the room that the situation was grave. I asked the little boy his name — he told me it was Billy — and I did a few simple magic tricks for him. As I stepped back to say good-bye, I asked Billy if there was anything else I could do for him.8 “Ronald, would you hold me?”9 Such a simple request. But what ran through my mind was that if I touched him, I could lose my job. So I told Billy I could not do that right now, but I suggested that he and I color a picture. Upon completing a wonderful piece of art that we were both very proud of, Billy again asked me to hold him. By this time my heart was screaming “yes!” But my mind was screaming louder. “No! You are going to lose your job!”

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10 This second time that Billy asked me, I had to ponder why I could

not grant the simple request of a little boy who probably would not be

going home. I asked myself why I was being logically and emotionally

torn apart by someone I had never seen before and probably would

never see again.

11 “Hold me.” It was such a simple request, and yet….

(To be continued)

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1) What did the writer feel honored to do a few years ago?

2) What was “Ronald Day”? What did McDonald’s personnel do on that day?

A few years ago the writer felt honored to play the role of Ronald McDonald for the McDonald’s Corporation.

“Ronald Day” was one of the standard events of a McDonald’s project. On that day McDonald’s personnel visited as many community hospitals as possible to bring a little happiness to hospitalized people.

3) How did the writer feel about his role in this McDonald’s project?

The writer loved the project and felt proud to be able to make a difference to people who were experiencing some “down time.”

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比利杰夫 · 迈克马伦

所有重大的战役都是在自己内心进行的。——谢尔登 · 考格斯

数年前（ 1983—1987 ），我有机会为麦当劳公司扮演吉祥小丑罗纳德 · 麦当

劳的角色。我的市场范围涵盖亚利桑那州的大部分地区和南加州的部分地区。 “ ”我们例行的活动之一便是罗纳德日。每个月中的某一天，我们都要探访尽可能

“ ”多的社区医院，给那个谁也不想去的地方带去一点快乐。能为正在经历消沉时期的大人和孩子带去一点欢乐，我感到十分自豪。从活动中感受到的温暖和喜悦一连几周萦绕在我身边。我喜欢这个项目，麦当劳公司喜欢这个项目，孩子和大人喜欢这个项

目，护理人员及医务人员也喜欢这个项目。

Chinese Version

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self //: n. one’s own person as distinct from all others 自己，自我，自身

Language Points

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Jeff McMullen / / 杰夫 · 迈克马伦

Language Points

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Sheldon Koggs / / 谢尔登 · 考格斯

Language Points

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Arizona // 亚利桑那州（美国西南部州名）

Language Points

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Language Points

marketplace //: n. open space in a town where a market is held 集市；市场

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southern //: a. in or of the south 南方的；南部的

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warmth //: n. state of being warm 温暖；暖和

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One day each month, we visited as many of the community hospitals as possible, bringing a little happiness into a place where no one ever looks forward to

going. 每个月中的某一天，我们都要探访尽可能多的社区医院，给那个谁也不想去的地方带去

一点快乐。bringing a little happiness into a place where no one ever looks forward to goi

ng 是现在分词短语作状语，表示伴随状况。

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I was very proud to be able to make a difference to children and adults who were experiencing some “down time.”

“ ”能为正在经历消沉时期的大人和孩子带去一点欢乐，我感到十分自豪。此句中 down 意为 in low spirits, depressed （情绪低落的，沮丧）。

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e.g.

She’s feeling down, so let’s try to cheer her up.

她心情不好，让我们尽力使她高兴起来吧。T

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I loved the project, McDonald’s loved the project, the kids and adults loved it and so did the nursing and hospital staff.

我喜欢这个项目，麦当劳公司喜欢这个项目，孩子和大人喜欢这个项目，护理人员和医务人员也喜欢这个项目。

倒装结构 so do sb. “ …”表示某人也的意思。

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Ronald McDonald / / 罗纳德 · 麦当劳（麦当劳快餐店用来做广告招徕顾客或在店内外欢迎顾客的吉祥小丑名，

为该快餐连锁企业的标志之一）

McDonald’s Corporation 麦当劳公司（美国乃至全世界最成功的连锁快餐企业）

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significant //: a. important; considerable; having a particular meaning; full of meaning 重要的；相当数量的；有意义的；意味深长的

Language Points

e.g.

Your success today may be significant to your whole future.

October 1, 1949 is a significant day in modern Chinese history.

你今天的成功可能对你的整个未来都是重要的。

1949 年 10 月 1 日是中国现代史上一个重要的日子。

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battle //: n. fight, esp. between organized armed forces 战斗；战役

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e.g.

a battle against poverty

win/lose a battle

消除贫困的战斗

打胜 / 败仗

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wage //: vt. begin and carry on (a war, campaign, etc.) 开始，进行（战争、运动等）（ n.工资）

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e.g.

The city is waging a campaign against drunk driving.

该市正在开展反对酒后驾车的运动。T

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within //: prep. (in) not more than (a distance, time, etc.); inside; in the inner part of … …在（一定距离、时间等）之内；在里面；在内部

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e.g.

within five miles

within ten minutes

5 英里之内T

10 分钟之内T

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corporation //: n. group of people authorized to act as an individual, e.g. for business purposes; business company 法人团体；公司

Language Points

e.g.

a multinational corporation

Microsoft Corporation

the British Broadcasting Corporation

跨国公司T

微软公司T

英国广播公司T

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portion //: n. part or share into which sth. is divided 一部分；一份

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e.g. I put a portion of my salary in a savings account each month.

我每个月都把一部分工资存入储蓄存款账户。T

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standard //: a. of the usual, ordinary kind; accepted as good, right, etc. 普通的，通常的；（符合）标准的；规范的

Language Points

e.g.

Seat belts are now standard on all new cars.

Standard American English

座椅安全带现已是所有新汽车的通用部件。T

标准美语T

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event //: n. thing that happens, esp. sth. Important 发生的事情；事件；大事

Language Points

e.g.

The events that led to the war were complex and numerous.

The program reviewed the most important events of the year.

导致战争的事件又多又复杂。T

节目回顾了一年来的重大事件。T

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community //: n. all the people living in a particular place or with a similar origin; the district, etc. where they live 社区；社会；公众

Language Points

e.g.

leaders of black community in Chicago

The community is concerned about crime.

芝加哥黑人社区的领袖T

该社区的人们担心犯罪问题。T

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gratification //: n. gratifying or being gratified; state of being pleased or satisfied 喜悦；满意；满足

Article1-2_popwin_gratification

Language Points

e.g.

Teachers find gratification in the success of their students.

Instant gratification is not the recipe for happiness.

老师们对学生们的成功深感欣慰。T

即刻的满足并非获得快乐的良方。T

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stay with: remain with; not leave …跟在一起；不离开

Article1-2_popwin_stay with

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e.g.

Most members have stayed with the company for more than ten years.

A feeling that something was not right stayed with me.

多数成员已在公司任职十多年了。T

一种什么东西不对劲的感觉一直萦绕着我。T

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nursing //: n. art or practice of looking after the sick or injured 护理

Article1-2_popwin_nursing

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e.g.

a nursing school

She’s going to take three nursing courses next semester.

护士学校T

下学期她要学三门护理课程。T

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staff //: n. all the people who work somewhere 全体职员，全体雇员

Article1-2_popwin_staff

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e.g.

The hotel has a staff of about 100.

The teaching staff of the school is excellent.

这个旅馆大约有 100 名员工。T

这个学校的教员都很出色。T

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4) What were the two restrictions placed on the writer during his visits to the hospital?

First, the writer could not go anywhere in the hospital without McDonald’s personnel as well as hospital personnel. Second, he could not physically touch anyone within the hospital.

5) Why did the writer dislike the “don’t touch” rule?

Because he believed that touching is the most honest form of communication. Printed and spoken words can lie; it is impossible to lie with a warm hug.

6) What could happen if the writer broke either of the rules?

If the writer broke either of the rules, he could lose his job.

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Chinese Version

每次探访我都受到两条规定的限制。第一，没有麦当劳员工以及医院工作人员的陪同，我不得在医院随意走动。这样，如果我走进某个病房吓着了孩子，旁边就会有人及时处理这一问题。第二，我不得用身体接触医院里的任何人。他们可不希望我把

“ ”病菌从一个病人传播到另一个病人身上。我能理解他们实施不准触摸这一规定的理由，可我并不喜欢它。我认为触摸是我们所能知道的最真诚的交流方式。书面文字、

口头语言都可以撒谎，热烈的拥抱是不可能撒谎的。我被告知，违反其中任何一条规定都意味着我会失去这份工作。

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germ //: n. micro-organism, esp. one capable of causing disease 微生物；细菌；病菌

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Breaking either of these rules, I was told, meant I could lose my job.

我被告知，违反其中任何一条规定都意味着我会失去这份工作。

句中 I was told 是插入语。

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restrict //: vt. put a limit on 限制，约束

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e.g.

Some rights have been restricted by the new law.

You must restrict your smoking.

有些权利受到了新的法律条文的限制。

你必须约束自己，少抽烟。

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restriction //: n. restricting or being restricted; sth. that restricts; limitation 限制；约束

Language Points

e.g.

speed, price, import, etc. restriction

There are currency restrictions on the sums allowed for foreign travel.

速度、价格、进口等限制

到国外旅行允许携带的款额有所限制。

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anywhere //: ad. in, at or to any place 任何地方；随便什么地方

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e.g.

Is there a Disneyland anywhere in China?

I can’t find my wallet anywhere.

You can go anywhere you want.

在中国的什么地方有迪斯尼乐园吗？

我在什么地方都找不到我的钱包。

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你想去哪里都可以。T

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personnel //: n. people employed in a firm or a public office; staff 人员；员工

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e.g.

The company had to fire half of its personnel to save money.

该公司不得不解雇一半的员工以节省开支。T

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That way, if I were to walk into a room and frighten a child, there was someone there to deal with the issue immediately.

= In that case, if I were to walk into a room and frighten a child, there was

someone there to deal with the issue immediately.这样，如果我走进某个病房吓着了孩子，旁边就会有人及时处理这一问题。

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walk into: step into 走进

Language Points

e.g.

I saw him walk into the room.

我看到他走进了房间。 T

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deal with: attend to (a matter, a problem, etc.) 处理（事情、问题等 )

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e.g.

Children should be taught how to deal with common emergencies.

应当教孩子们如何应付常见的紧急情况。T

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issue /, /: n. point, matter or question to be disputed or decided 问题，议题；争论点

Language Points

e.g.

express a view on political issues

What issue are Linda and her husband arguing about?

就政治问题发表看法T

琳达和她丈夫在争论什么问题？T

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physical //: a. of or concerning material things; of the body; of or concerning physics 物质的；身体的；物理（学）的

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e.g.

the physical world

physical harm

physical theory

物质世界T

身体上的伤害T

物理学理论T

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transfer //: vt. move from one place to another 搬；转移

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e.g.

The office has been transferred to Room 1618.

She’s been transferred to our Paris branch.

办公室已经搬到 1618 室。T

她已调到我们在巴黎的分部。T

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print //: vt. produce (words, a design, picture, etc.) on paper, cloth, etc. by ink pressed on a surface 印；印刷

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e.g.

The students were asked to print out their essays.

a printing factory

要求学生把作文打印出来。T

印刷厂T

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7) What did the writer hear one day when he was about to leave work?

One day as he was about to leave work, he heard a little voice. “Ronald, Ronald.”

8) What did he see when he pushed open the door?

When he pushed the door open, he saw a boy, about five years old, lying in his dad’s arms, hooked up to much medical equipment.

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Chinese Version

“ ”我的罗纳德日进行到第四年年末的某一天，已经一整天涂着油彩的我走在医“ ”院的走廊上，正准备回家，这时传来一阵轻轻的叫喊声：罗纳德，罗纳德。

我停了下来。那微弱的、细细的声音来自一间半掩着门的病房。我推开房门，

只见一个 5岁上下的小男孩躺在他爸爸的怀里，身上连着的医疗仪器之多是我平生

未曾见到过的。妈妈在另一头，旁边还有爷爷、奶奶和一位监护仪器的护士。

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corridor /, /: n. long narrow passage, from which doors open into rooms or compartment 走廊；过道

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greasepaint //: n. colored make-up used by actors 化装用油彩

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I pushed the door open and saw a young boy, about five years old, lying in his dad’s arms, hooked up to more medical equipment than I had ever seen.

我推开房门，只见一个 5岁上下的小男孩躺在他爸爸的怀里，身上连着的医疗仪器之多是我平生未曾见到过的。

这句中 lying in his dad’s arms 和 hooked up to more medical equipment than I had ever seen 分别为现在分词结构和过去分词结构，作宾语 a young boy… 的补语。

用现在分词结构，表示的是主动状态；用过去分词结构，则表示被动状态。

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on one’s way home: in the process of going home 在回家的路上

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e.g.

I’ll buy some bread on my way home.

我要在回家的路上买些面包。T

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hook //: 1. n. curved or bent piece of wire, plastic, etc. for catching hold of sth. or for hanging sth. on 钩子；吊钩；挂钩

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e.g.

Fix a hook on the wall.

在墙上钉个钩子。 T

2. vt. cause (sth.) to be fastened with a hook or hooks 钩；吊；挂；用钩固定

e.g.

The fish was hooked.

Hook the rope to the boat and pull hard.

鱼上钩了。

用绳子钩住船，然后用力拉。

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hook up: connect or fit together 连接；安装

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e.g.

Can we hook up to the electricity at the campsite?

我们能在露营区接上电吗？T

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medical //: a. of the art of medicine; of curing disease 医学的；医术的；医疗的

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e.g.

a medical examination

medical skill/treatment

a medical college

体检T

医疗技术 / 医治T

医学院T

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along with: together with …和一起，连同

Language Points

e.g.

I took a friend along with me.

There was a bill along with the parcel.

我带了一个朋友一起去。T

包裹内还有一张清单。T

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tend to: take care of; look after 照料；照顾；照管

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e.g.

I was very sick that morning and he had to tend to me.

那天早上我病得很厉害，他只得照料我。T

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9) What did Billy request of the writer? Did the writer grant Billy’s request when he made it the first time? Why or why not?

Billy requested that the writer hold him. The writer didn’t grant Billy’s request when Billy made it the first time. That he shouldn’t physically touch anyone within the hospital was one of the two rules he had to obey. If he broke it, he could lose his job.

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Chinese Version

病房里的气氛使我知道病人的情况很严重。我问小男孩叫什么名字，他告诉我他叫比利，随后我为他变了些简单的戏法。当我后退着道别时，我问比利我还能

为他做些什么。 “ ”罗纳德，你愿意抱抱我吗？

如此简单的一个请求。可我脑子里想到的却是我如果碰了他，便会丢掉工作。因此我告诉比利我此刻不能抱他，但提议和他一起给一幅图画着色。在完成了我俩都引以为豪的一件绝妙的艺术作品之后，比利再次要我抱抱他。这一次，我的心在

“ ”喊抱抱他！而我的理智却以更高的声音在喊 :“ ”不行！你要丢饭碗的。

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So I told Billy I could not do that right now, but I suggested that he and I color a picture.

因此我告诉比利我此刻不能抱他，但提议和他一起给一幅图画着色。suggest, demand, advise, request, order, propose 等动词后的宾语从句一般用

虚拟语气，即宾语从句中的谓语用 should 加原形动词（ should 可省略）。

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Upon completing a wonderful piece of art that we were both very proud of, Billy again asked me to hold him. 在完成了我俩都引以为豪的一件绝妙的艺术作品之后，比利再次要我抱抱他。此句中 upon 意为 at or immediately after the time or occasion （ …在时候；

…在后立即 ) 。

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e.g.

Upon arriving home, I discovered the burglary.

我一到家就发现家中被盗了。 T

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grave //: a. (of situations, etc.) needing careful consideration; serious （情况等）需认真考虑的；严重的

Language Points

e.g.

grave news/danger

There is a grave risk of flooding.

坏消息 / 严重的危险T

有发生水灾的极大危险。T

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magic //: 1. n. (art of performing) tricks with mysterious results, done to entertain 魔术；戏法

Language Points

e.g.

Children love magic. 孩子们热爱魔术。T

2. a. used in or using magic 魔术的

e.g.

a magic stick

a magic show

魔杖

魔术表演

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trick //: n. thing done in order to deceive sb.; skilful act performed for entertainment 诡计；花招；骗术；戏法，把戏

Language Points

e.g.

the 36 tricks

Once he played a trick on his teacher, something none of the other students dared to do.

三十六计

有一次他把老师戏弄了，这种事其他学生没人敢做。

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step back: move back 后退

Language Points

e.g.

They hung the picture on the wall and stepped back to look at it.

他们把画挂在墙上，再退后观看一下。T

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run through: pass quickly through （想法等）闪过

Language Points

e.g.

A feeling of despair ran through him.

An idea ran through my mind.

他感到一阵绝望。T

我脑子里闪过一个念头。T

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right now: immediately; at this moment 立即，马上；此刻

Language Points

e.g.

Do it right now.

现在就做。T

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suggest //: vt. put forward for consideration 建议，提议

Language Points

e.g.

I suggest we go to see a movie.

He suggested a good topic for the discussion.

我提议去看电影。T

他为讨论提出了一个很好的题目。T

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art //: n. creation or expression of sth. beautiful, esp. in a visual form 艺术，美术

Language Points

e.g.

a piece of art

art course

一件艺术品T

美术课T

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be proud of: be very pleased or satisfied because of (one’s ability, success, family, etc.) …为而自豪（或得意）

Language Points

e.g.

I’m proud of what you’ve done.

They were proud of their success/ being so successful.

我为你所做的事情感到骄傲。T

他们为自己的成功 / 为取得这样的成功而自豪。T

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scream //: v. give a long piercing cry of fear, pain or excitement; cry (sth.) in this way （因恐惧、痛苦或兴奋而）尖声喊叫；尖叫着说；高声说出；尖叫着发出

Language Points

e.g.

Instead of telling us what to do, the police officer just screamed at us all the time.

She screamed a warning not to come closer.

那位警官并不告诉我们该做什么，只是冲着我们大喊大叫。T

她尖叫着警告不要靠近她。T

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10) What did the writer think when Billy made his request again?

He though why he couldn’t grant a simple request of a little boy who probably would not be going home.

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Chinese Version

比利第二次叫我抱抱他时，我不得不思考为什么我就不能答应一个可能永远回不了家的小男孩的简单的请求呢。我问自己，为什么我会被以前从未见过、也许永远

也不会再见的一个人在理智和感情上弄得心烦意乱、左右为难呢。 “ ” ……抱一抱我。这是非常简单的一个请求，然而

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ponder //: vt. think about (sth.) carefully and for a long time, esp. in trying to reach a decision; consider 仔细思索，考虑

Language Points

e.g.

You have pondered long enough; it is time to decide.

I pondered the incident, asking myself how it could have happened.

你考虑的时间够长了，该作决定了。

我反复思考那件事，问自己它怎么就会发生了呢。

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grant: vt. agree to give or allow (what is asked for) 同意给予，允许（所求）

Language Points

e.g.

grant a favor / request

The minister granted the journalist an interview.

答应帮忙 / 请求

部长答应接见那位记者。

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logic //: n. science of reasoning; reasonable way of thinking and deciding 逻辑学；逻辑性；推理；道理

Language Points

e.g.

The debate team is studying logic.

Your words and thoughts don’t follow logic.

辩论队在学习逻辑学。

你的言语和想法不合逻辑。

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logical //: a. in accordance with the rules of logic; correctly reasoned; (of an action, event, etc.) in accordance with what seems reasonable or natural 符合逻辑的；推理正确的；（行为、事件等）合乎情理的，合乎常理的

Language Points

e.g.

a logical conclusion

I demand a logical explanation for your behavior.

合乎逻辑的结论

我要求你对你的行为作出合理的解释。

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part //: ad. (distant) from each other; separately; into pieces 成距离；相间隔；分离，分开；成碎片

Language Points

e.g.

The blast had torn the building apart.

The failure of the experiment has torn his hopes apart.

爆炸将这幢楼彻底摧毁。

实验的失败把他的希望彻底粉碎了。

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tear apart: break (sth.) into many small pieces, esp. in a violent way; make (sb.) feel extremely unhappy or upset （尤指用力）撕开，撕碎；使（某人）难受，使心烦意乱，使心碎

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Text A Exercises

Reading Aloud

Understanding the Text

Reading Analysis

Vocabulary

Structure

Translation

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Read the following paragraph until you have learned them by heart.

A number of years ago (1983-1987), I had the opportunity to play the character of Ronald McDonald for the McDonald’s Corporation. My marketplace covered most of Arizona and a portion of Southern California. One of our standard events was “Ronald Day.” One day each month, we visited as many of the community hospitals as possible, bringing a little happiness into a place where no one ever looks forward to going. I wa

s very proud to be able to make a difference to children and adults who were experiencing some “down time.” The warmth and gratification I would receive stayed with me for weeks. I loved the project, McDonald’s loved the project, the kids and adults loved it and so did the nursing and hosp

ital staff.

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Reading Aloud

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Answer the following questions.

What did the writer feel honored to do a few years ago?What was “Ronald Day”? What did McDonald’s personnel do on that

day?How did the writer feel about his role in this McDonald’s project?

What were the two restrictions placed on the writer during his visits to the hospital?

Why did the writer dislike the “don’t touch” rule?What could happen if the writer broke either of the rules?

What did the writer hear one day when he was about to leave work?

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1. 2.

3. 4. 5. 6. 7.

Understanding the Text

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Topics for Discussion.

1. Suppose you were in the writer’s shoes. Would you have run the risk of losing your job to grant a simple request of a little boy who was

terminally ill?2. Are you convinced that the majority of people would be generous

and free from selfish motives, if they had the opportunity? Illustrate your point.

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What did he see when he pushed open the door ?What did Billy request of the writer? Did the writer grant Billy’s request

when he made it the first time? Why or why not?What did the writer think when Billy made his request again?

8. 9.

10.

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Part Paragraph Main Idea

Ⅰ

As Texts A&B are parts of a single story, read through the whole text and complete the following table.

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1-4

5-21

22-23

II

III

The writer gives a brief account of

.

a McDonald’s project

and two restrictions placed on him

__________________

____________________________

The writer relates

.

what happened one day between

him and a five-year-old boy who was seriously ill

____________________________

________________________________________

The writer tells about .

his reflections on his experiencewith the boy

______________________________________

Reading Analysis

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Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.

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community experience issue medical personnel

project transfer standard significant wage

1. In Los Angeles, radio stations have for years been a continuing and expensive battle for listeners’ loyalty.

2. Searching luggage at airports is now a practice in most countries in the world.

3. The children in that neighborhood pick up the garbage in the park every weekend; they have a lot of spirit.

4. The main we are discussing today are tax increases and military spending.

5. The is likely to involve more than 200 researchers, and work is scheduled to start almost immediately.

waging______

standard _______

community_________issues______

project______

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Vocabulary

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6. Bacteria ( 细菌 ) can be carried on the hands and clothing and

from patient to patient as a physician attends one after another.

7. The Medicare program ( 老年保健医疗计划 ) provided protection

against major health expenses for the poor.

8. Our attitudes are largely influenced by our own both in the

past and at the present.

9. The of our company has been increased to 2,000.

10. It is important that the staff explain treatment options and related

procedures clearly to the patient and his or her family.

transferred_________

significant_________

experiences___________

personnel_________

medical_______

community experience issue medical personnel

project transfer standard significant wage

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Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.

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along with hook up to right now run through

stay with step back tear apart walk into

1.

2.

3.

4.

Ali is a blood-pressure monitor; there is always some risk when blood is not flowing normally.

we are traveling down a country road near a community called Lost City, in the state of Oklahoma.

The television special （特别节目） we watched last night is about a family when their son develops AIDS.

As John stood there waiting for the bus, a strange thought his mind.

hooked up to___________

Right now_________

torn apart_________ran through__________

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5.

6.

7.

8.

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Dad used to work in Mr. White’s garden on Saturday afternoons and

would take me him.

As he to admire his handiwork, he experienced the satisfactio

n of the true craftsman.

He closed the door, the living room and sank happily into th

e armchair.

He failed the exam and his sense of unease （心神不安）him all the way back home.

along with_________stepped back___________

walked into_________

stayed with__________

along with hook up to right now run through

stay with step back tear apart walk into

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Rewrite the following sentences using inversion （倒装句） according to the model given below.

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Model:

I loved the project… and the nursing and hospital staff loved it, too.

→I loved the project… and so did the nursing and hospital staff.

1. I love Yao Ming for his modesty ( 谦虚 ) and my girlfriend loves Yao Ming for his modesty, too.I love Yao Ming for his modesty and so does my girlfriend.__________________________________________________________

Frank quickened his steps and Henry quickened his steps, too. 2.

Frank quickened his steps and so did Henry. __________________________________________________________

Structure

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Jane bought a copy of Love Story and all the other girls bought a copy of Love Story, too.

“I am confident that the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be a great success.”

“I am confident, too.”

4.

“I am confident that the 2008 Beijing Olympic Games will be a great success.”“So am I.”

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Jane bought a copy of Love Story and so did all the other girls.__________________________________________________________

3.

If your brother Adam can do it, I can do it, too. 5.

If your brother Adam can do it, so can I.__________________________________________________________

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“I’d love to go to Shanghai to see the World Expo in the year 2010.”“I’d love to go there, too.”

6.

“I’d love to go to Shanghai to see the World Expo in the year 2010.”“So would I.”________________________________________________________________

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Rewrite the following sentences after the model, using the subjunctive mood.

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Model:

I told Billy I could not do that right now, but suggested coloring a picture with me.→ I told Billy I could not do that right now, but I suggested that he and I color a picture.

2.

1. Instead of ordering an advance, the general commanded the soldiers to retreat immediately.Instead of ordering an advance, the general commanded that the soldiers retreat immediately.____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

We propose to appoint Louis as chairman and chief executive of IBM Corp.

We propose that Louis be appointed chairman and chief executive of IBM Corp. _______________________________________________________________

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4.

3.

5.

The patient has requested the doctor to discontinue treatment, but the doctor has ignored his request.

The patient has requested that the doctor discontinue treatment, but the doctor has ignored his request.______________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

The police chief ordered parking prohibited on Main Street during rush hours.

The police chief ordered that parking be prohibited on Main Street during rush hours.__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

David demanded to be told the truth about what had happened to his beloved son.

David demanded that he be told the truth about what had happened to his beloved son.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

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Translate the following sentences into English.

1. 小张在从学校回家的路上被一辆出租汽车从自行车上撞了下来。

Xiao Zhang was knocked off his bicycle by a taxi on his way home from school.

凯瑟琳为丈夫在医学研究上的成就感到十分骄傲。 2.

Katharine is very proud of her husband’s achievements in medical research.

3. 当我问比利我还能为他做些什么时，他再次要我抱抱他。

When I asked Billy if there was anything else I could do for him, he again asked me to hold him.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

Translation

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我完全理解他们为什么对我有这两项限制，但我实在是不喜欢它们。

I fully understood why they had these two restrictions placed on me, but I really didn’t like them.

对不起，我不能马上就答应你的请求。我必须跟我们的经理商量一下。 5.

I am sorry I can’t grant your request right now. I have to talk it over with our manager.

6. 自从几年前失去工作后，海伦一直期盼着再次被麦当劳公司雇用 (employ) 。

Since she lost her job a number of years ago, Helen has been looking forward to being employed again by the McDonald’s Corporation.

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

4.

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Grammar Review

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被动语态 (The Passive Voice) 语态是动词的一种形式，表示主语和动词之间的关系。英语动词有两种语态：主动

语态和被动语态。主动语态动词的主语是动作的执行者，而被动语态动词的主语是动作的承受者。被动语态是由助动词 be + 及物动词的过去分词（ V-ed ）构成。助动词 be 有

人称、数和时态的变化。现以 ask 为例，将各种人称数和时态的被动语态列表如下：

状态时间一般进行完成

amis

are }asked am

isare }being asked

havehas }been asked 现在

过去was

were }asked was

were}being asked had been asked

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时间状态

一般进行完成

将来

过去将来

shallwill }be asked

shallwill }have been asked

shouldwould }be asked

shouldwould }have been asked

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用法例句

1. 把 SVO （主动宾）句型的主动句转换成被动句，原句中的宾语作被动句的主语。

把 SVoO （主动间宾直宾）的主动句转换成被动句，常用原句中的间接宾语作被动句中的主语。

2.

They gave her a prize. → She was given a prize. 她被授奖。

Xiao Li was taught English by his brother.小李的英语是他哥哥教的。

被动语态的用法

People consume over 40,000,000 cases of tomato juice. → Over 40,000,000 cases of tomato juice are cons

umed. 人们消费的番茄汁超过了 4 000万箱。The message was passed from person to person until

it reached the front of the bus. 消息从一个人传到另一个人，一直传到公共汽车的前部。

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用法例句

SVOC （主动宾宾补）句型转换为被动句时，原句中的宾语补语就成为主语补语。

Indians found the first tomatoes growing wild in Peru and Ecuador thousands of years ago. → The first tomatoes were found growing wild by Indians in Peru and Ecuador thousands of years ago. 最早的番茄是几千年前印第安人在秘

鲁和厄瓜多尔发现的野生番茄。The student was called Clever Hans. 学生名叫聪明的汉斯。

4.

They looked after the children well. →The children were well looked after.

孩子们受到悉心的照料。The meeting has been put off till next week.

会议已被推迟到下周。

3.

短语动词转换为被动态时，通常被看作是一个动词，后面的介词或副词不能拆开或省略。

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Change all the verbs in the following sentences into the passive voice.

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1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

They punished the criminal.

We must pay special attention to this important issue.

They made fun of her at the party.

Does someone clean the house regularly?

We must make up for lost time.

The criminal .was punished____________

Special attention .must be paid to this important issue_____________________________

She .was made fun of at the party________________________

Is the house ?cleaned regularly_______________

Lost time .must be made up for_________________

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6.

7.

8.

9.

10.

They found him innocent of all charges.

He .

I have told you the truth.

You .

Tom will send you my report.

My report .

People speak English almost all over the world.

English .

You have to pay a fine if you don’t return the books to the library on time or ren

ew ( 续借 ) them before they are due.

A fine has if the books

.

was found innocent of all charges____________________________

will be sent to you by Tom______________________

have been told the truth____________________

is spoken almost all over the world____________________________

to be paid_________ are not returned to the library on time or

renewed before they are due

________________________________

________________________

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Practical Writing

Personal Letters (1)

A personal letter is a letter that you write to someone you know, or want to get to know. There are different reasons for writing personal letters. Here are some examples. You may want to

give some personal news to someone; ●

thank someone for something; ●

ask someone to stay with you or go on holiday with you; ●

ask someone to do something for you; ●

offer to do something for someone. ●

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Personal letters normally have five parts. (1) The Heading. This includes the address, line by line, with the last line being the date. Skip a line after the heading. The heading is indented to the far right corner of the page. If using preaddressed stationery, just add the date under

neath. For example: 123 Main St.

West Newfield, CT 06123 December 14, 2004

(2) The Greeting/Salutation. The greeting always ends with a comma. The greeting may be formal, beginning with the word “dear” and using the person’s

given name or relationship, or it may be informal if appropriate. Formal: Dear Uncle Jim, Dear Mr. Wilkins, My dearest Emmeline,

Informal: Hi Joe, Greetings, (Occasionally very personal greetings may end with an exclamation mark fo

r emphasis.)

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(3) The Body. Also known as the main text. This includes the message

you want to write. Normally, in a friendly letter, the beginning of paragraphs is

indented. If not indented, be sure to skip a space between paragraphs. Skip a

line after the greeting and before the close.

(4) The Complimentary Close. Short expressions such as “Love,” “Your

friend” or “Yours sincerely ” are always a few words on a single line. They end

with a comma. They should be indented to the same distance as the heading.

Skip one to three lines (two is usual) for the signature line.

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(5) The Signature Line. Type or print your name. The handwritten signature

goes above this line and below the close. The signature line and the handwritten

signature are indented to the same distance as the close. The signature should be

written in blue or black ink. If the letter is quite informal, you may omit the

signature line as long as you sign the letter.

(6) Postscript. If your letter contains a postscript, begin it with P.S. and end it

with your initials. Skip a line after the signature line to begin the postscript.

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Read the following letter and answer the questions that follow.

26 Glendale RoadChester CH4 7HB

3 May, 2004Dear Andy,

Thanks a lot for the lovely letter. It was great news about your promotion. Well done. I am really sorry for not having written earlier but life has been busy since m

oving here. What’s more, I have just started a new job. I’ve been taken on as a shop assistant in a bookshop. The other staff are nice

and friendly, and it’s quite well paid. By the way, the other day I bumped into Anna Granger in the bookshop. Gues

s what! She has just moved here too. She told me some awful news, though. You’ll be sad to hear that Mr. Green, our old teacher, passed away last month. Poor Mr.

Green. Still, life goes on. Incidentally, I’ve arranged to go to the theatre to see “Cats” with Anna in a couple of weeks’ time. Would you like to come too? You can stay at my place. Do let

me know, as I’ll have to get tickets. Anyway, I must sign off as I want to catch the post.

Hope to see you soon. Lots of love,

Celi

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1. What is the address of the writer of this letter?

2. Where has she put the address?

3. How does she address the recipient of the letter?

4. How does the writer begin her opening paragraph?

26 Glendale Road, Chester CH4 7HB.

The top right hand corner.

By responding to news in a letter sent by her friend.

By using “Dear Andy.”

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5. What does she talk about in Paragraphs 2-4?

6. What expression does she use for the closing paragraph?

7. What is the last thing she does?

In paragraph 2, she tells her friend something about her work. In paragraph 3, she tells her friend the news about the death of their old teacher. In paragraph 4, she invites her friend to a show.

“Hope to see you soon.”

She signs off. (Writes “Lots of love” and signs her first name below that.)

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Suppose you are going to attend a meeting in Guangzhou, where your sister has worked for half a year. Write a letter to her, telling her that you will see her during your stay in the city.

Suggested Answer:

Dear Ann, It’s been half a year since you left home. I miss you very much! Luckily, I’m coming to Guangzhou to attend a meeting on May 10th. The meeting will last five days. I’ll come to see you during my stay there and we can have a good long talk to make up for

all the lost time. I’m so looking forward to seeing you!

Love, Xiaoming

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Text B

TextB_P12-13

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CH

BillyJeff McMullen

(Continued from Text A)

12 I searched for any reasonable response that would allow me to leave. I

could not come up with a single one. It took me a moment to realize that in

this situation, losing my job may not be the disaster I feared.

13 Was losing my job the worst thing in the world?

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Text B

TextB_P14-16

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CH

14 Did I have enough self-confidence that if I did lose my job, I would be able to pick up and start again? The answer was a loud, bold, affirming “yes!” I could pick up and start again.15 So what was the risk?16 Just that if I lost my job, it probably would not be long before I would lose first my car, then my home… and to be honest with you, I really liked those things. But I realized that at the end of my life, the car would have no value and neither would the house. The only things that had steadfast value were experiences. Once I reminded myself that the real reason I was there was to bring a little happiness to an unhappy environment, I realized that I really faced no risk at all.

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Text B

TextB_P17-19

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CH

McDonald’s escorts out to the van. The nurse tending the medical equipment stayed, but Billy asked her to stand and face the corner. Then I picked up this little wonder of a human being. He was so frail and so scared. We laughed and cried for 45 minutes, and talked about the things that worried him.

17 I sent Mom, Dad, Grandma and Grandpa out of the room, and my two

18 Billy was afraid that his little brother might get lost coming home from kindergarten next year, without Billy to show him the way. He worried that his dog wouldn’t get another bone becauseBilly had hidden the bones in the house before going back to the hospital, and now he couldn’t remember where he put them.

19 These are problems to a little boy who knows he is not going home.

N

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Text B

TextB_P20-21

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CH

20 On my way out of the room, with tear-streaked makeup running down my neck, I gave Mom and Dad my real name and phone number (another automatic dismissal for a Ronald McDonald, but I figured that I was gone and had nothing to lose), and said if there was anything the McDonald’s Corporation or I could do, give me a call. Less than 48 hours later, I received a phone call from Billy’s mom. She informed me that Billy had passed away. She and her husband simply wanted to thank me for making a difference in their little boy’s life.21 Billy’s mom told me that shortly after I left the room, Billy looked at her and said, “Momma, I don’t care anymore if I see Santa this year because I was held by Ronald McDonald.”

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Text B

TextB_P22-23

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CH

22 Sometimes we must do what is right for the moment, regardless of the

perceived risk. Only experiences have value, and the one biggest reason

people limit their experiences is because of the risk involved.

23 For the record, McDonald’s did find out about Billy and me, but given the

circumstances, permitted me to retain my job. I continued as Ronald for

another year before leaving the corporation to share the story of Billy and how

important it is to take risks.

(546 words)

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1) Could the writer find any excuse for leaving without hugging Billy?

No, he couldn’t, though he tried hard to.

TextB_P12-13_Questions

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Chinese Version

TextB_P12-13_Chinese

比利（续）杰夫 · 迈克马伦

我搜寻着能够让我离开的任何合理的回答，却一个也找不到。半晌，我才

意识到在这种情况下，丢掉饭碗也许并不是我所惧怕的灾难。

难道丢掉饭碗是世界上最糟糕的事情吗？

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Language Points

search for: try to find (sth.) by looking in places; examine a thing or place carefully 搜寻；寻找

TextB_P12-13_LP_ search for

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e.g.

The whole neighborhood was out searching for the boy who ran away.

I have been searching for my lost wallet for weeks.

邻居们全体出动寻找跑掉的男孩。

我好几个星期一直在寻找我丢失的钱包。

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Language Points

come up with: find, think of or produce (sth.), esp. as an answer to a problem 找到；想出；提出（答案等）

TextB_P12-13_LP_ come up with

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e.g.

She came up with a new idea for increasing sales.

Is that the best excuse you can come up with?

她想出一个增加销售的新主意。

那就是你能想到的最好借口吗？

T

T

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Language Points

disaster //: n. event that causes great harm or damage 灾难

TextB_P12-13_LP_ disaster

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e.g.

a natural disaster

The show was a disaster.

自然灾害

演出很失败。

T

T

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2) What did the writer think of the prospect of losing his job? Was it a disaster to him?

If he lost his job, he would lose first his car, then his home… all the things he treasured so much. But in that situation, losing his job might not be disastrous to him. He could pick up and start again.


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3) What did the writer think were the things that had unchanging value in his life?

He thought the only things that had unchanging value in his life were experiences, not material things.

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Chinese Version


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我是否有足够的自信，如果真的丢掉饭碗，我能振作起来重新开始呢？回答是一“ ” 个响亮、勇敢、坚定的是，我能振作起来重新开始。

那么风险何在呢？ ……只不过是如果丢了饭碗，可能不久我便会失去我的车子，继而是我的房子说实话，我真的喜欢这些东西。但我意识到在我的生命尽头，车子将毫无价值，房子同样也毫无价值。唯一具有不变价值的东西是经历。一旦我提醒自己我来医院的真正目的就是为了给一个不快乐的环境带去一点快乐，我便意识到其实我根本没有面临任何

风险。

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Language Points

pick up: become better; recover; gain; take hold of and lift 好转；恢复健康；振作起来；举起；抬起

TextB_P14-16_LP_ pick up

e.g.

It took him some time to pick up from the failure.

His health and spirits picked up after a week at the seaside.

他过了一段时间才从失败中振作起来。

在海边呆了一周以后，他恢复了健康，振作了精神。

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Language Points

bold //: a. confident and brave; daring 勇敢的，大胆的

TextB_P14-16_LP_ bold

e.g.

a bold warrior

It is a bold venture starting a business these days.

无畏的战士

在如今创办公司可谓是大胆的冒险。

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Language Points

affirm //: vt. state (sth.) as the truth; say positively 断言；肯定

TextB_P14-16_LP_affirm

e.g.

She affirmed her innocence.

He affirmed that he would not reveal my secret.

她坚称自己无罪。

他声称不会泄露我的秘密。

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Language Points

risk //: n. (instance of the) possibility of meeting danger or suffering harm, loss, etc. 危险；风险

TextB_P14-16_LP_risk

e.g.

You can’t get rich without taking risks.

You should think about the risks in starting a new business.

Is there any risk of the bomb exploding?

不冒险就不能致富。

你应该考虑创办新企业的风险。

T

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这枚炸弹有爆炸的危险吗？T

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Language Points

to be honest (with you): to be frank (with you); to tell (you) the truth 老实（对你）说

TextB_P14-16_LP_to be honest

e.g.

To be honest with you, I don’t think we have a chance of winning.

To be honest, I don’t like him very much.

说实话，我认为我们没有获胜的可能。

坦率地说，我不很喜欢他。

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Language Points

value //: n. worth of sth. in terms of money or other goods for which it can be exchanged; quality of being useful or worthwhile or important 价值；有用性；重要性

TextB_P14-16_LP_value

e.g.

the value of friendship

What’s the value of education to you?

友谊的价值

教育对你有多么重要？

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Language Points

steadfast //: a. firm and not changing; constant 固定不变的；坚定的；持久不变的

TextB_P14-16_LP_steadfast

e.g.

Our farm has been a steadfast source of food for our family.

a steadfast friend

我们的农场是我们家固定的食物来源。

坚贞不渝的朋友

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unhappy //: a. sad or miserable; not happy 悲惨的；不幸福的；不愉快的

TextB_P14-16_LP_unhappy

e.g.

an unhappy soul

unhappy marriage

不快乐的人

不幸福的婚姻

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Did I have enough self-confidence that if I did lose my job, I would be able to pick up and start again?

我是否有足够的自信，如果真的丢掉饭碗，我能振作起来重新开始呢？

在强调动词时，通常采用助动词 do/does 来加强语气，过去式用 did 。如这句中 if I did lose my job(如果我真的丢掉饭碗 )以及最后一段中 McDonald’s did find out

about Billy and me( 麦当劳公司还是发现了比利和我的事 ) 。

TextB_P14-16_S_ Did I have

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But I realized that at the end of my life, the car would have no value and neither would the house.

但我意识到在我生命的尽头，车子将毫无价值，房子同样也毫无价值。

此句中 neither would the house 相当于 the house would have no value either 。

TextB_P14-16_S_ But I realized

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4) Did the writer finally grant the boy’s request? How was the boy then?

Yes, he did. He sent the boy’s parents, grandparents and his two McDonald’s escorts out, and then picked up the little boy who, in his eyes, was a little wonder of a human being. The boy was then very frail and very scared.


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5) What were the things that Billy told the writer he was worried about?

He was worried that his little brother might get lost coming home from kindergarten without him showing the way. And he was worried that his dog wouldn’t get another bone because he had hidden the bones in the house and now he just couldn’t remember where he had put them.

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TextB_P17-19-_Chinese

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我把孩子的爸爸、妈妈、爷爷、奶奶送出病房，让我的两个麦当劳陪同人员回到面包车上。监护医疗仪器的护士留下了，但比利叫她面对墙角而立。然后我俯身抱起这个精灵般的小人儿。他是如此的虚弱，如此的惊恐。我们又哭又笑地过了 45 分钟，谈论着让他担忧的那些事情。比利担心没有他带路，明年他的小弟弟从幼儿园回家会迷路。他担心他的狗再也找不到骨头吃，因为他在回医院前把骨头藏在了家里的什么地方，而现在却想不起到底藏在哪儿了。这些就是一个知道自己回不了家的小男孩所担心的事情。

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escort //: n. person or group of people accompanying sb. to give protection or as an honor 护送者

TextB_P17-19_LP_escort

e.g.

I don’t want to go to the party unless I have an escort.

除非有人陪我，否则我不想去参加聚会。T

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van //: n. vehicle with a covered area at the back, used for carrying goods and sometimes people 运货车；（载客的）面包车

TextB_P17-19_LP_van

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kindergarten //: n. school for very young children; nursery school 幼儿园

TextB_P17-19_LP_kindergarten

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bone //: n. any of the hard parts of the body of a person or animal 骨，骨头

TextB_P17-19_LP_bone

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Then I picked up this little wonder of a human being. = Then I took in my arms this little boy who was, in my eyes, a little wonder.

TextB_P17-19_s_Then I picked

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frail //: a. (of a person) physically weak or delicate; easily broken; fragile （人）身体弱的；脆弱的；易损坏的

TextB_P17-19_LP_frail

e.g.

a frail child

His mother has grown old and frail.

体弱的孩子T

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他母亲已经年老体弱。T

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scare //: vt. frighten; make feel afraid 吓；使惊恐

TextB_P17-19_LP_scare1

e.g.

You scared me!

The lightning and thunder scared the child.

你吓了我一跳！T

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闪电雷鸣把孩子吓坏了。T

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scared //: a. frightened; afraid 惊恐的；害怕的

TextB_P17-19_LP_scare2

e.g.

be scared of being attacked / to go out alone

a very scared man

I’m scared (of ghosts).

害怕受到攻击 / 独自外出 T

吓怕了的人T

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我害怕（鬼）。T

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6) What happened less than 48 hours after the writer left Billy’s room?

Billy passed away less than 48 hours after the writer left his room.


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7) What did Billy tell his mom shortly after the writer left?

Shortly after the writer left, Billy told his mom that he didn’t care anymore if he didn’t see Santa that year because he had been held by Ronald McDonald.

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离开病房时，我脸上化装用的油彩被泪水浸湿 ,顺颈而下。我给孩子的父母留下了我的真实姓名和电话号码（对一个扮演罗纳德 · 麦克唐纳的员工而言，这又是一个自动解雇的理由，但我想我肯定是要走的，而且也不会因此失去什么），并告诉他们如果有什么事情是麦当劳公司或我本人能够做的，给我来个电话就行了。这之后不到 48 个

小时，我就接到比利母亲的来电。她告诉我比利已经去世。她和她丈夫只是想感谢我给他们孩子的生活带来了变化。

“比利的母亲告诉我那天我离开病房后不久，比利看着她说：妈妈，我今年就是见”不到圣诞老人我也不在乎了，因为罗纳德抱过我了。

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makeup //: n. cosmetics, such as powder, lipstick, etc. used by a woman or an actor 化妆品；化装用品

TextB_P20-21_LP_makeup

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neck //: n. part of the body that connects the head to the shoulders 颈；脖子

TextB_P20-21_LP_neck

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Santa // = Santa Claus / / imaginary man who brings children presents at Christmas 圣诞老人

TextB_P20-21_LP_Santa

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On my way out of the room, with tear-streaked makeup running down my neck, I gave Mom and Dad my real name and phone number…

离开病房时，我脸上化装用的油彩被泪水浸湿，顺颈而下。我给孩子的父母留下了我的…… 真实姓名和电话号码

该句中 with tear-streaked makeup running down my neck 是独立主格结构，在句中作状语，表示伴随状况。

TextB_P20-21_S_On my way

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tear-streaked //: a. streaked with tears 留有泪痕的

TextB_P20-21_tear-streaked/

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e.g. a tear-streaked face

留有泪痕的脸T

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dismiss //: vt. remove (sb.) from a position; end the employment of (sb.) …免的职；解雇；开除

TextB_P20-21_ dismiss 1

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e.g.

He was dismissed from office last year.

It’s unfair to dismiss employees for refusing to do unsafe work.

他去年被免职了。T

因员工拒绝从事不安全的工作就解雇他们是不公平的。T

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dismissal //: n. act or fact of dismissing or being dismissed 解职；解雇；开除

TextB_P20-21_ dismiss2

e.g.

a strike caused by the dismissal of two workers

His dismissal took place yesterday.

因解雇两名工人而引起的罢工T

他是昨天被解雇的。T

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inform //: vt. give knowledge or information to; tell 通知；报告；告诉

TextB_P20-21_inform

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e.g. “Some money is missing.” “Have you informed the police?”

Keep me informed about/of what happens.

“ ”“ ” 有些钱不见了。你报告警方了吗？T

请随时把发生的事情通知我。T

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anymore //: ad. (used in negative constructions) now; any longer starting from now （用于否定结构）而今再也

TextB_P20-21_anymore

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e.g.

He promised not to be late anymore.

I used to fear water, but not anymore.

他答应再也不迟到了。T

我以前怕水，但现在不怕了。T

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8) Did the writer lose his job on account of his physical contact with Billy? What were his reflections on the whole thing?

No, he didn’t, though McDonald’s did find out about Billy and him. His reflections on the whole thing are that only experiences have steadfast value in our lives, and that sometimes we must do what is right for the moment, regardless of the risks involved.

TextB_P22-23_Questions1

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Chinese Version


有时，我们必须做眼前应该做的事情，而不应顾及意识到的风险。只有经历才有价值，而人们约束其经历的最大原因就是经历中包含的风险。必须申明的是，麦当劳公司还是发现了比利和我的事，但考虑到当时的情况，还是允许我保留了工作。我在继续扮演罗纳德角色一年后才离开了麦当劳公司，开始向人们讲述比利的故事，告诉人们冒险有多么重要。

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For the record, McDonald’s did find out about Billy and me, but given the circumstances, permitted me to retain my job.

必须申明的是，麦当劳公司还是发现了比利和我的事，但考虑到当时的情况，还是允许我保留了工作。

TextB_P22-23_S_ For the record,

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regardless //: ad. paying no attention to sb./sth.; without any regard for anything 不管；不顾

TextB_P22-23_regardless

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regardless of: paying no attention to 不管，不顾

e.g. regardless of the consequences / danger / expense

He continued speaking, regardless of my feelings on the matter.

不顾后果 /危险 /代价

他不顾及我对此事的感情继续往下说。

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perceive //: vt. become aware of; notice; observe 察觉；意识到；注意到；观察到

TextB_P22-23_perceive

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e.g. I perceived that he was tired.

I perceived a change in his behavior/that his behavior had changed.

我看得出他累了。

我发觉他的行为有些变化。

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because of: by reason of; on account of 因为

TextB_P22-23_because of

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e.g. Our picnic was canceled because of the storm.

I said nothing about it, because of his girlfriend(’s) being there.

因为暴风雨我们的野餐取消了。

因为他的女朋友在场，我对此事只字未提。

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for the record: in order that it should be on record; so that it should be noted 供记录在案

TextB_P22-23_for the record

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e.g. Just for the record, the minister’s statement is wrong on two points.

The lawyer told the court, for the record, that the woman he represented would not officially speak in court.

必须明确指出，部长的言论有两点是错误的。

律师向法庭声明以供记录在案，他代表的那位妇女将不正式出庭作证。

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given the circumstances: considering/taking into account the conditions or facts connected with an event or action 考虑到当时的情况

TextB_P22-23_given the circumstances:1

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e.g. Would you agree, given the circumstances, with Jack’s argument?

The marriage had been a mistake, but given the circumstances, it was understandable.

考虑到当时的情况，你会同意杰克的论点吗？

那场婚姻是个错误，但鉴于当时的情况，也是可以理解的。

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given //: prep. considering 考虑到

TextB_P22-23_given the circumstances2

e.g. Given his age, the boy has done well enough.

We decided not to accept their offer given the unreasonable conditions they put forward.

考虑到他的年龄，这男孩已经做得不错了。

考虑到他们提出的那些不合理的条件，我们决定不接受他们的报价。

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circumstance //: n. condition or fact connected with an event or action 环境；情况

TextB_P22-23_given the circumstances3

e.g. difficult circumstances

financial circumstances

困境

财政状况

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permit //: vt. allow 允许，准许

TextB_P22-23_permit/

e.g. Fishing is not permitted here.

Jane permits her children to stay up late on weekends.

此处禁止钓鱼。

简允许她的孩子周末晚睡。

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retain //: vt. continue to have; not lose 保留；保持；保住

TextB_P22-23_retain

e.g.

They are fighting to retain their independence.

We retained the original fireplace when we decorated the room.

他们正在为维护他们的独立而战斗。

我们装修房间时保留了原有的壁炉。

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take a risk / risks: do sth. that involves the possibility of failure, danger, etc. 冒险

TextB_P22-23_take a risk/risks

e.g.

Shall we take a risk or play it safe?

I wonder why some people would take risks with their lives and engage in high-risk sports?

我们是该冒险呢还是稳妥行事？

我不明白为什么有些人拿自己的生命来冒险，从事高风险的体育活动。

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Exercises

Answer the following questions.

TextB_Exc1_a.1`

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1.

2.

3.

4.

5.

Could the writer find any excuse for leaving without hugging Billy?

What did the writer think of the prospect of losing his job? Was it a disaster to him?

What did the writer think were the things that had unchanging value in his life?

Did the writer finally grant the boy’s request? How was the boy then?

What were the things that Billy told the writer he was worried about?

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TextB_Exc1_a.2

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What happened less than 48 hours after the writer left Billy’s room?

What did Billy tell his mom shortly after the writer left?

Did the writer lose his job on account of his physical contact with Billy? What were his reflections on the whole thing?

6.

7.

8.

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TextB_Exc2_a

Fill in the blanks with the words given below. Change the forms where necessary.

bold inform involve limit perceive

permit response retain risk value

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1. We heard him talking, but heard no , so we guessed that he was on the phone.

2. If you are unable to go to work for any reason, make sure your manager is before 9 a.m. so that arrangements can be made to deal with

your work. 3. He is not willing to run the of losing his job.

4. One can see the of this new medicine from the number of people it has already cured. 5. If we don’t our time in each place we won’t manage to see everything.

response________

informed________

risk____ value_____

limit ____

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TextB_Exc2_b

6. We have arranged to throw a party in the back yard Saturday afternoon, weather .

7. Governors （省长 , 州长） come to school on special occasions but don’t seem willing to become more routinely in school affairs.

8. The student was so as to suggest that what the teacher said was pretty much rubbish.

9. The sense organs of different species are constructed differently and therefore we often things in different ways.

10. These farms rely on high wages and good working conditions in order to attract and their labor force.

permitting_________

involved_______ bold ____

perceive________

retain_____

bold inform involve limit perceive

permit response retain risk value

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TextB_Exc3_a

Fill in the blanks with the expressions given below. Change the forms where necessary.

come up with given the circumstances find out pick up

regardless of to be honest with you search for shortly after

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1.

2.

3.

4.

That’s a bit of an odd question. , I don’t know the answer.Food and medical aid were flown into town the earthquake hit the area. Fire fighters risked their lives yesterday two girls believed to be trapped inside a blazing school building. His spirits began to when he was told his condition was curable.

To be honest with you__________________

shortly after__________

searching for___________

pick up_______

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TextB_Exc3_b

5

.

6

.

7

.

8

.

I’m sure if we put our heads together, we will a solution to

the problem.

As soon as you where George might be, call me at once.

General hospitals, their size, provide patients with a wide

range of services, including emergency treatment, surgery, medical and

nursing care.

, you’ve done well.

come up with____________

find out_______

regardless of___________

Given the circumstances____________________

come up with given the circumstances find out pick up

regardless of to be honest with you search for shortly after

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The Christmas Man

Rachel Dyer Montross

1 Last Christmas was a very difficult time for me. My family and all of my

close friends were back home in Florida, and I was all alone in a rather

cold California. I was working too many hours and became very sick.

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圣诞老人雷切尔 ·戴尔 ·蒙特劳斯

去年的圣诞节我过得十分艰难。我的家人和所有的密友都远在佛罗里达的家中，唯独我一人呆在寒冷的加利福尼亚。我连续工作了很多小时，觉得很不舒服。

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2 I was working a double shift ( 两班 ) at the Southwest Airlines ( 西南航空公司 ) ticket counter, it was about 9:00 PM on Christmas Eve, and I was feeling really miserable ( 痛苦的 ) inside. There were a few of us working and very few customers waiting to be helped. When it was time for me to call the next person to the counter, I looked out to see the sweetest-looking old man standing with a cane ( 手杖 ). He walked very slowly over to the counter and in the faintest ( 最微弱的 ) voice told me that he had to go to New Orleans. I tried to explain to him that there were no more flights that night and that he would have to go in the morning. He looked so confused and very worried. I tried to find out more information by asking if he had a reservation ( 预订票 ) or if he remembered when he was supposed to travel, but he seemed to become more confused with each question. He just kept saying, “She said I have to go to New Orleans.”

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我在西南航空公司票务台上日夜班，时值圣诞夜的 9点多钟，我的内心真是苦不堪言。我们只有几个人在上班，等候服务的旅客也寥寥无几。在我唤下一位旅客到服务台时，迎面走来一位和蔼可亲的老人，拄着一根手杖。他缓缓地走向服务台，用极其微弱的声音告诉我他要去新奥尔良。我极力向他解释当晚已没有飞往新奥尔良的航班，他得等到第二天上午。老人看上去很困惑，很不安。为了解更多情况，我问他是否预订了机票，是否记得该何时启程。可每问一个问题，他就越发显得困惑，只是一个劲

“ ”不停地说：她说我必须去新奥尔良。

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3 After much time, I was able to at least find out that this old man had been dropped off at the curb ( 在人行道路边让他下车 ) on Christmas Eve by his sister-in-aw and told to go to New Orleans, where he had family. She had given him some cash ( 现金 ) and told him just to go inside and buy a ticket. When I asked if he could come back tomorrow, he said that she was gone and that he had no place to stay. He then said he would wait at the airport until tomorrow. Naturally, I felt a little ashamed. Here I was feeling very sorry for myself about being alone on Christmas, when this angel named Clarence MacDonald was sent to me to remind me of what being alone really meant. It broke my heart.

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许久，我才弄明白老人在圣诞夜被他弟妹开车丢在路边，嘱咐他去新奥尔良，那儿有他的家人。她给了他一些现金，叫他进来买张机票。我问老人是否可以明天再来，他说弟妹走了，他无处可呆。而后他又说他可以呆在机场，候到明天。我不禁为自己感到一些羞愧。这不，正当我为自己孤身一人过圣诞难过不已之时，上帝就派了这位名叫克拉伦斯 ·

麦克唐纳的天使前来提醒我什么才是真正的孤独。我的心碎了。

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4 Immediately, I told him we would get it all straightened out ( 解决 ), and our Customer Service agent ( 代理人 ) helped to book him a seat for the earliest flight the next morning. We gave him the senior citizens fare ( 老年人票价 ), which gave him some extra money for traveling. About this time he started to look very tired, and when Istepped around the counter to ask him if he was all right, I saw that his leg was wrapped in a bandage. He had been standing on it that whole time, holding a plastic ( 塑料的 ) bag full of clothes.

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我旋即告诉他我们可以为他安顿好一切，我们的客户服务代理中心为他预订了次日上午去新奥尔良最早航班的机票。我们给了他老人优惠价，这样他旅途中就可以有些多余的钱。大约这时他开始显得十分疲惫，我绕过服务台走到他的跟前，问他一切可好，这时我才看到他的腿上缠着绷带，而此前他就一直这么站着，手上还抱着一个装满衣服的塑料包。

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5 I called for a wheelchair ( 轮椅 ). When the wheelchair came, we all step

ped around to help him in, and I noticed a small amount of blood on his ba

ndage. I asked how he hurt his leg, and he said that he had just had bypas

s surgery ( 分流手术 ) and an artery ( 动脉 ) was taken from his leg. Can you

imagine? This man had had heart surgery, and then shortly afterward, was

dropped off at the curb to buy a ticket with no reservation to fly to New Orl

eans, alone!

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我叫人送来一把轮椅。轮椅来了，我们都过来扶他坐上去，此刻我注意到他的绷带上还有少量血迹。我问他腿怎么了，他说他刚刚做了分流手术，腿上的一条动脉血管被拿掉了。你能想象吗？这位老人做了心脏手术，随后不久就被丢在路边，去买一张事先没有预订的机票飞往新奥尔良，而且是只身一人。

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6 I never really had a situation like this, and I wasn’t sure what I could do.

I went back to ask my supervisors ( 管理者 ) if we could find a place for him

to stay. They both said yes, and they obtained a hotel voucher ( 住宿券 ) for

Mr. MacDonald for one night and a meal ticket for dinner and breakfast. W

hen I came back out, we got his plastic bag of clothes and cane together a

nd gave the porter a tip ( 小费 ) to take him downstairs to wait for the airport

shuttle ( 机场专线车 ). I bent down to explain the hotel, food and itinerary ( 预定行程 ) again to Mr. MacDonald, and then patted him on the arm and told h

im everything would be just fine.

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Text C

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我还真的没有遇到过这样的情况，也不知道能做些什么，便去问我的上司我们能否为他找个过夜的地方。他们说可以，便为麦克唐纳先生弄来一张可以住一夜的旅馆住宿券，外加晚餐和早餐券。从上司那儿回来后，我们拿着老人装衣服的塑料包和手杖，给了机场搬运工一点小费，让他领着老人下楼去等候机场班车。我俯身向麦克唐纳先生再次说明了旅馆、用餐以及旅行计划等事宜，然后拍了拍老人的手臂，告诉他一切都会很顺利。

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Text C

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CH

7 As he left he said, “Thank you,” bent his head and started to cry. I cried

too. When I went back to thank my supervisor, she just smiled and said, “I

love stories like that. He is your Christmas Man.”

(678 words)

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Text C

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“ ”老人离去的时候，说了声谢谢，便低下头哭了起来。我也哭了。我回来感谢我“ ”的上司时，她只是笑了笑，说：我喜欢这样的故事。他是你的圣诞老人。

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Comprehension of the Text

Choose the best answer for each of the following multiple choice questions.

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Last Christmas the writer had a miserable time because _________.

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KEY A) there were more customers than usual waiting to be helped

B) it was freezing cold in California at Christmas time

C) she was working all alone at the ticket counter

D) she was far away from her family and friends

1.

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The writer’s first impression of the old man was that he was _________.

KEY A) gentle-looking and weak

B) tired out and worried

C) confused and very sick

D) sad and anxious

2.

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The old man wanted to fly to New Orleans to _________.

KEY A) see his friends there

B) spend Christmas with his family

C) visit his sister-in-law

D) undergo heart surgery

3.

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On hearing the old man say that he would wait at the airport the whole night, the writer felt a bit ashamed. This is because _________.

KEY A) she felt sorry that she couldn’t do the old man a favor

B) she realized that someone was even more miserable than she felt

C) it took her a long time to find out how helpless the old man was

D) the old man was like an angel in the writer’s eyes

4.

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The writer called for a wheelchair for the old man because ________.

KEY A) the old man had broken his leg when he was dropped off at the curb

B) the old man could spend the whole night on it at the airport

C) the old man was carrying a whole lot of clothes

D) the old man had had surgery just before and was very weak by then

5.

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By calling the old man the writer’s Christmas Man, the writer’s supervisor implied that ___________.

KEY A) the old man had told the writer a love story on Christmas

B) the old man had caused a lot of trouble for the writer on Christmas

C) the old man was the best gift the writer could have received on Christmas

D) the old man was the only customer the writer had served on Christmas

6.

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Basic Reading SkillsUnderstanding Paragraph Development (3)

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“ ”段落展开的范围往往会受到主题句中控制词 (controlling words) 的限定。我们在“ ”阅读时就可以充分利用这一点来预测作者的发展思路。比如本单元课文 A 的第 3段：

There were two restrictions placed on me during a visit. First, I could not go anywhere in the hospital without McDonald’s personnel as well as hospital personnel. That way, if I were to walk into a room and frighten a child, there was someone there to deal with the issue immediately. And second, I could not physically touch anyone within the hospital. They did not want me transferring germs from one patient to another. I understood why they had this “don’t touch” rule, but I didn’t like it. I believe that touching is the most honest form of communication we will ever know. Printed and spoken words can lie; it is impossible to lie with a warm hug.

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在上面的段落中，主题句是“ There were two restrictions placed on me during

a visit.” “ ”句子中的控制词是“ two restrictions placed on me during a visit” ，我们

可以预测作者可能会在这一段中谈这两个“ restrictions” ： 1) I could not go anywher

e in the hospital without McDonald’s personnel as well as hospital personnel;

2) I could not physically touch anyone within the hospital.注意作者在这一段中使

“ ”用的过渡词 (transition words ，或称信号词 )： First, (And) second 。 “利用过渡

”词能帮助我们更好地找到那两个“ restrictions” 。 “ ”英语中常见的过渡词有 :first of all, first, to begin with, in the first place, seco

nd, also, furthermore, in addition, next, finally, in the last place 等等。

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Read the following paragraph and complete the table that follows.

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There are several good reasons why deer hunting ( 猎鹿 ) should be permitted. First of all, if hunting were not permitted, many more animals would starve to death over the winter months. There is simply not enough natural food available to support the entire population of wild deer through a normal winter. Second, the license fees ( 许可证费 ) paid by hunters supply most of the money used by the state and federal governments to buy recreation areas, wildlife refuges, and the park lands. Without the money collected from these fees, many of our nature areas could no longer be maintained or preserved. Finally, people’s original reason for hunting — to gather food for their table — still applies. There are certainly many hunters whose only interest is in shooting a gun, but there are just as many out there trying to bring some meat home for supper.

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Topic sentence There are several good reasons why deer hunting should be permitted.

Controlling words in the topic sentence

several good reasons why deer hunting should be permitted

Transition words first of all, second, finally

Reasons If hunting were not permitted, many more animals would starve to death over the winter months.

The license fees paid by hunters supply most of the money used by the state and federal governments to buy recreation areas, wildlife refuges, and the park lands.

Some people hunt to gather food.

1.

2.

3.

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Time for Fun

I’d Like to Teach the World to Sing by New Seekers

I’d like to build the world a homeAnd furnish it with loveGrow apple trees and honey beesAnd snow white turtle doves

I’d like to teach the world to sing(sing with me)In perfect harmony(perfect harmony)(And) I’d like to hold it in my armsAnd keep it company(that’s the song I hear)

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I’d like to see the world for onceAll standing hand in hand (hand in hand)And hear them echo through the hillsFor peace throughout the land(that’s the song I hear)

I’d like to teach the world to singIn perfect harmony (oh yeah)I’d like to teach the world to singIn perfect harmonyLa da da da, do do, ahh, la laI’d like to teach the world to sing In perfect harmony

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Unit6

Documents

Transcript of Unit6