Unit Six

HazMat/WMD Awareness Unit 6 slide 1

Unit Six

Recognizing Terrorist Activities


Terrorism Clues

• Occupancy

• Type of event

• Timing of the incident

• On-scene warning signs


Occupancy

• Government Buildings

• Schools

• Religious Buildings

• Public Assembly Points

• Mass Transit Systems

• Places with High Economic Impact


Occupancy (cont.)

• Military Installations

• Financial Institutions

• Entertainment Facilities

• Hospitals

• Utilities

• Places of Historical or Symbolic Significance


Type of EventPolitical Rallies

Timing of the IncidentHolidays, BirthdaysCelebrationsRecent Known Threats


On scene warning signs

• Suspicious persons leaving the area

• Suspicious vehicles in the area

• Signs and symptoms of WMD agents

• Secondary devices discovered


Target Analysis

1. Ethnic, separatist

2. Extreme Issue

3. Foreign Terrorist

4. Right or Left wing extremeist


Sources for WMD agents

• Home production

• Laboratory production

• Industrial facilities

• Military

• Medical/university research facilities


Indicators of WMD Attack

• Primary IndicatorsSymptoms of victimsMass casualtiesCasualty patternDissemination deviceWarning given or credit taken


Indicators of WMD Attack (cont.)

• Secondary IndicatorsDead animals or birdsStatements of the victimsThings out of place


Recognition of WMD / Hazmat Incident

• Chemical

• Biological

• Nuclear

• Radiological

• ExplosiveIncendiary


Chemical

• RecognitionThe six cluesVictim signs and symptoms

• Threats & RisksUsually a liquid when containerizedMay boil at low temperatures and become

gasesNormally disseminated as gasses or aerosolsMost are influenced by weather conditions


Chemical (cont.)

• Basic Protection MeasuresSCBA onlyPPEDecontamination


Biological

• RecognitionLarge influx of callsSimilar signs and symptoms


Biological (cont.)• Threats & Risks

Do not penetrate unbroken skinNon-volatileAre more toxic than chemicals by weightAre undetectable by human sensesHave limited field detectionDisseminated as aerosolsEffects range from skin disorder to deathAll are obtained from natureAre relatively easy to produceHave a delayed effect


Biological (cont.)

• Basic ProtectionSCBAAPR with HEPA filterProtective clothingGood sanitationDecontamination


Radiological/Nuclear

• RecognitionDirty BombsSmall explosions that create dusts

• Threats & RisksAlpha particlesBeta particlesGamma Radiation


Nuclear (cont.)

• RisksThe total amount of radiation receivedThe dose rateThe specific type of radiation

• Health risksExposure IngestionExternal contamination Internal contamination


Nuclear (cont.)

• Basic ProtectionTimeDistanceShielding

• SCBA• APR• PPE• Decon


Explosive

• RecognitionVehiclesPipe bombsSatchel devicesIEDs


Explosives(cont.)

• Threats & RisksBlast Pressure (Positive & Negative)FragmentationThermal


Explosive (cont.)

• Basic Protection Measures• Watch out for:

Abandoned containers Incidents preceded by a written or verbal

threatTrip wires / booby trapsSuspicious mailingsStrong chemical odorsDevices containing unknown itemsMultiple explosions


Incendiary

• RecognitionRoad flaresGasoline and motor oilLight bulbsCommon electrical componentsMatchesHousehold chemicalsFireworksPropane and butane cylindersPlastic pipes, bottles and cans


Incendiary (cont.)

• Threats & RisksBasic types of incendiary devices

• Chemical• Electronic• Mechanical

Delivery of incendiary devices• Hand thrown• Stationary• Propelled


Incendiary (cont.)

• Basic Protection MeasuresPPEObservation of:

• Secondary timed devices• Multiple fire locations• Signs of accelerants• Flammable liquid containers• Splatter patterns• Fusing residue


RESPONDERS SHOULD ALWAYS BE OBSERVANT

OF SECONDARY DEVICES!!


Potential Outcomes for Terrorist CBRNE Event• Thousands of casualties

• Residual contamination

• Overwhelmed emergency services

• Disrupted municipal functions

• Panic and confusion

• Loss of faith in the responders


Role of the First Responder Awareness at

WMD / Hazmat Incident

• Recognition and identification

• Protect themselves and others

• Notify authorities


Basic Isolation Procedures for WMD / Hazmat

• Isolate the area for protection and pending arrival of proper authorities.


Protection of WMD Crime Scene

• Remain extremely vigilant

• You may be called upon to testify

• Try to retain the evidentiary value of everything


Additional Contacts during WMD Incident

• Who are you going to call?FBIState Responders


UNIT SIX QUIZ

Unit Six

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Transcript of Unit Six