Unit 6: The Civil War & Reconstruction

Chapter 16: The Civil WarSection 3: A Call for Freedom

POP QUIZ STUDY GUIDE

• Give three reasons why the Confederate army decided to invade the North.

• Give two specific reasons why Lincoln fired General George McClellan

• How do you think the North viewed the battle of Antietam

Effects of AntietamSeptember, 1862

• Lincoln finally has a victory . . . sort of.• Should he take advantage of the victory

and free the slaves?

Emancipation Proclamation

Should I make this war about

SLAVERY?

If Lincoln Frees the Slaves

What would happen in Border States?

What would happen in Northern States?

What would happen in Confederate States?

What would slaves do?

What would happen in Britain and France?

Emancipation Proclamation

• Lincoln announces plan on September 22, 1862– Signed January 1,

1863• Only applied to

Confederate areas– Technically did not

free a single enslaved African

“…all persons held as slaves within any state…in rebellion against the United

States, shall be then, thenceforward,

and forever free.”

African Americans Fight for Freedom• 180,000 serve

– 38,000 become casualties– 22 were awarded the Congressional Medal of Honor (highest award for

bravery)

• Regiments participated in 500 engagements.• Regiments made up 10% of the Union army at

the end of the war.• Faced extreme measures of discrimination.

54th Massachusetts Regiment

• Lincoln believed that the Emancipation Proclamation would be the one thing history recorded about him.

Burnside = “Sideburns”• Who replaced

George McClellan as the head of the Union Army after Antietam? Abraham

Lincoln is a fool!

Battle of Fredericksburg, VA• December, 1862• Union General

Ambrose Burnside attacks Lee’s army.

• Humiliating Union Loss

Burnside, you are FIRED!

Whew! Thank you!

“Fightin’ Joe” Hooker, you are HIRED!

I’ll try not to take the fact that I’m your 5th choice as

an insult!

Battle of Chancellorsville, VA• May, 1863• Union General

Hooker is out-maneuvered & surprised by Lee and Jackson.

• Union Loss• “Stonewall” Jackson

killed

Wow . . . That General Lee is

a genius! I look like an

absolute fool!

“Fightin’ Joe” Hooker, you--

I know. I know. I’m

FIRED!

George Meade, you are HIRED!

I’ll do it. But, only if the

troops stop calling me a

snapping turtle!

Lee’s 2nd Invasion of the North

• After Chancellorsville victory, Lee believes one more victory will cause the North to ask for peace.– Invades

Pennsylvania!• Why did Lee think

the war needed to end?

We must end this

now!

• Lee’s 1st invasion ended at Antietam in 1862.• Where did his 2nd invasion end in 1863?