.

Part one

Energy and

light.

Part two

Magnetism

and

electricity

Unit 6: ENERGY,LIGHT, MAGNETISM and

ELECTRICITYINDEX

INDEX

Unit 6: ENERGY,LIGHT, MAGNETISM and

ELECTRICITY

INDEX

Unit 6: ENERGY,LIGHT, MAGNETISM and

ELECTRICITY

Unit 6: ENERGY,LIGHT, MAGNETISM and

ELECTRICITY

Unit 6: ENERGY,LIGHT, MAGNETISM and

ELECTRICITY

Biomass

Solar

Geothermal

Water

Wind

We do not exhaust

them because

they renew

themselves

continually.

Nuclear

Oil

Natural Gas

Coal.

We are exhausting

them because we

consume them more

quickly then they

form.

Renewable and Nonrenewable

sources.

Non renewable

Renewable

Click here if you want to know more in Spanish.

http://www.wikisaber.es/Contenidos/LObjec

ts/what_is_energy/index.html

Light

1) What is light?

2) How does light travel?

3) Effect on materials.

4) Properties of light.

1.What is light?

Some objects emit a form of energy

called light. These objects are called

light sources.

The sun,

the flame of a candle

a light bulblight sources

2.- How does light travel?

Light travels in straight lines:

Laser

Each of the straight lines is

called a ray of light.

Light travels much faster than sound.

For example:

1) Thunder and lightning

start at the same time,

but we will see the

lightning first.

2) When a starting pistol is

fired we see the smoke

first and then hear the

bang.

Light travels VERY FAST – around 300,000 kilometres per second.

At this speed it

can go around

the world 8

times in one

second.

Luminous and non-luminous objects

Objects that produce light are LUMINOUS

Objects that do not emit light are NON LUMINOUS

Luminous

objectsReflectors

3.- Effects on materials

If the material lets light pass through. It is transparent.

Example:

Glass, water, air,plastic.

3.- Effects on materials

If it lets some

light pass

through

It is translucent.

Some types of

glass and plastic.

3.- Effects on materials

If it does not let light pass through. It is opaque.

Examples:

Wood, iron, rock.

4.- Properties of light

* Reflection let us see objects

that do not emit light.

When light reaches and opaque

object, it hits the object and light

changes it direction.

It reflects light.

We see things because they reflect

light into our eyes:

Homework

Shadows

Shadows are places where light is “blocked”:

Rays of light

4.Properties of light

* Refraction: when a ray of light

goes from air to water it changes its

path.

The light rays are

slowed down by the

water.

Seeing colour

The colour an object appears depends on the colours

of light it reflects.

For example, a red book only reflects red light:

White

light

Only red light

is reflected

A white hat would reflect all seven colours:

A pair of purple trousers would reflect purple light (and red

and blue, as purple is made up of red and blue):

Purple light

White

light

Using coloured light

If we look at a coloured object in

coloured light we see something

different. For example, consider a

football kit:

White

light

Shorts look blue

Shirt looks red

In different colours of light this kit would look different:

Red

light

Shirt looks red

Shorts look black

Blue

light

Shirt looks black

Shorts look blue

Click here if you want to know more in Spanish.

http://www.wikisaber.es/Contenidos/LObjec

ts/refraction/index.html

INDEX

1.-What is Magnetism?

2.- What is a magnet?

3.- Types of magnets.

4.- the poles of a magnet.

1.-What is Magnetism?

Magnetism is the power of magnets to attract things.

A magnet is an object that can attract metal objects made of iron, steel, nickel and some other materials.

2.-What is a magnet?

Magnets have been known for centuries.The Chinese and Greeks knew about the “magical” properties of magnets. The ancient Greeks used a stone called “magnetite.” They discovered that the stone always pointed in the same direction.

3.- TYPES OF MAGNETS

NATURAL MAGNETS

ARTIFICIAL MAGNETS

Are found in nature. For example some rocks

Are man-made. They are usually made of iron or steel.

lodestone

Investigation

What objects will attract to a magnet and which objects will not attract.

Object Material Predictio

nResult Was your answer

correct?

PENCIL

PAPER CLIP

COIN

MARBLE

SCISSORS

KEYS

PEN

What will make a magnet move?

XWOOD YES

Object Material Predictio

nResult Was your answer

correct?

PENCIL WOOD

PAPER CLIP IRON

COIN Steel

covered

by Copper.

MARBLE GLASS

SCISSORS IRON

KEYS IRON

PEN PLASTIC

What will make a magnet move?

X

X

Paper clips attract...

because they are made of iron.

Scissors attract.

because they are made of iron.

Nuts and bolts attract.

because they are made of iron.

The power of magnets.

4.- The poles of a magnet.

The poles are the parts of the magnet that Exert the strongest force on metal objects.

The blue end of a magnet is usually

the south pole.

The red end of a magnet is usually the

north pole.

Investigation

What you will need :-

Magnets (x2),

a compass,

some thread

1.-Tie the thread around the middle of

one of the magnets.

2.- Hold it up by the thread.

3.- Use the compass to see which is

the north end of the magnet. (The

north end of the magnet will point in

the same direction as the north

pointer in the compass).

4.- Repeat for the other magnet.

Then answer the questions.

If you put two magnets together with

different poles pointing towards one

another, the magnets will pull towards

each other. We say they attract each

other.

In this picture a north and a south pole are

pulling towards each other (attracting

each other).

If you try to put two magnets together with

the same poles pointing towards one

another, the magnets will push away from

each other. We say they repel each other.

When two like poles are

placed together they repel

each other.

So now we know that “like” poles repel

each other…

and that “opposite” poles attract each

other.

Magnets are in most electronic devices, in fact,

anything that has a motor uses a magnet.

They are used to slow down roller coasters and subways.

More uses of magnets are found every day!

If you cut a magnet in half,

you get 2 magnets!

A magnet has a

‘magnetic field’

distributed throughout

the surrounding space

Michael Faraday realized that ...

William Gilbert, an English

physician, first proposed in

1600 that the earth itself is a

magnet, and he predicted

that the Earth would be

found to have magnetic

poles.

The Earth is a magnet:Magnetic South Pole

Magnetic North Pole

It exerts magnetic

forces and is

surrounded by a

magnetic field that is

strongest near the

North and South

magnetic poles

Geographic North Pole

Geographic South Pole

We use the Earth’s magnetic field to find direction.

The needle of a compass always points toward the magnetic

south pole.

We call this direction “North” (remember, opposites attract)

The sun sends out a

solar wind made up of

light particles which

blow toward the earth.

As the solar wind hits the

Earth's magnetic field, some if it

is sent into the Earth's

atmosphere

when the light particles spill into this

"ocean" the particles collide with gases in

the atmosphere causing the particles to

glow, which produces the lights they see in

shades of red, green, blue and violet.

The Aurora Borealis in the

Northern Hemisphere

Aurora" means "down

"Borealis" means "north wind."

And the Aurora Australis in the Southern

Hemisphere