Unit 5 The Ocean Resources Unit 5 The ocean resources.

Unit 5

The Ocean ResourcesThe Ocean ResourcesThe Ocean ResourcesThe Ocean Resources

Unit 5 The ocean resources

How important are the oceans as a source of food?


The marine ecosystemThe marine ecosystem -- Oceans are rich in marine life with different living things range in size.

Phytoplankton (Tiny plants)

Zooplankton (small fish and animals)

Fish and marine animals

Larger marine creatures

Food

Food

Food

FoodFood

All of them become part of the food web in the ocean.


Food web in the oceanFood web in the oceanUnit 5 The ocean resources

Phytoplankton

Zooplankton

Sunlight

Less Sunlight

No Sunlight

Sunlight

FishSeaweed Shar

k Dolphin

Baleen whaleSquid Sperm whale

OctopusSediments from

land

Crab

1 000 m

200 m

5 000 m

Shell fish

Anglerfish

Eel



Fish as a source of food

The world’s catch of ocean fish is about 100 million tonnes a year.

The most productive regions are the temperate and sub-tropical continental shelves of the northern hemisphere.




Fish as a source of food

Less valuable fish caught are turned into animal feed and fertilizer.

Seaweeds are obtained from the sea. They are used as food for humans and animals or made into fertilizer.


The world’s important fishing groundThe world’s important fishing groundUnit 5 The ocean resources

Arctic Ocean

Pacific Ocean

Indian Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Fishing grounds

Asia

Australasia

Africa

North America

South America

km

° N

° N

° S

Europe

N

°



Fishing industry in HKFishing industry in HK

Most of the marine fish caught are from the shallow continental shelf of the South China Sea.

Fishing industry in HKFishing industry in HK

Most of the marine fish caught are from the shallow continental shelf of the South China Sea.




Fish caught by local fishing fleet

Fish imported

Thousand Tonnes

Fis

h

Year

Fish consumed in Hong Kong Recently, the catch by local fishing fleet has declined.

Over-fishing and the pollution of the seas around Hong Kong are the reasons.

Recently, the catch by local fishing fleet has declined.

Over-fishing and the pollution of the seas around Hong Kong are the reasons.


Are oceans rich in mineral resources?Are oceans rich in mineral resources?Unit 5 The ocean resources

Mining vessel

Diamond miningGold mining

Storehouse of minerals

Mixed with coastal sand and gravel are ores containing tin, gold, platinum, diamond and other gemstones eroded from land.

Are oceans rich in mineral resources?Are oceans rich in mineral resources?Storehouse of minerals

From oceans we can extract a great variety of elements such as magnesium, bromine and copper.


Copper

Copper Basin

Are oceans rich in mineral resources?Are oceans rich in mineral resources?Storehouse of minerals

The sand and gravel in the sea are very useful building materials.

Salt that we all take each day comes from the sea.


Sand Lake

Sand

Salt

Are oceans rich in mineral resources?Are oceans rich in mineral resources?

A source of fresh water

In arid regions , desalination plants are built along the coast to purify sea water.


Are oceans rich in mineral resources?Are oceans rich in mineral resources?A source of fresh water

The fresh water produced is used for drinking, irrigation and industry.


Desalination plants

Can we obtain energy from our oceans?Can we obtain energy from our oceans?Beneath the sea lie rich oil and gas. Modern technology has made off-shore drilling of oil and gas possible.

Example: the South China Sea are regions rich in oil and gas.

Beneath the sea lie rich oil and gas. Modern technology has made off-shore drilling of oil and gas possible.

Example: the South China Sea are regions rich in oil and gas.


Distribution of off-shore oil basinsDistribution of off-shore oil basinsUnit 5 The ocean resources

kmOff-shore oil

°N

° N

° S

N

°

Asia

Europe

Africa

North America

South America

Australasia

Arctic Ocean

Pacific Ocean

Indian Ocean

Atlantic Ocean

Can we obtain energy from our oceans?Can we obtain energy from our oceans?Unit 5 The ocean resources

They are coal seams which extend from land outwards to the continental shelf.

Coal

There are layers of coal lying beneath the sea.

Can we obtain energy from our oceans?Can we obtain energy from our oceans?Unit 5 The ocean resources

Coal mining

Coals are hydrocarbon compounds which give out a large amount of heat when burned, which is good for generation of electricity.

Transporting coal

Can we obtain energy from our oceans?Can we obtain energy from our oceans?

Tidal power

It is now possible to harness

tides and waves for the

generation of electricity.

They are renewable energy

which are inexhaustible and do

not pollute the environment.

Tides and waves are our future

source of energy.


English Channel

France

Britain

N

Case: The River Rance Tidal Power SchemeCase: The River Rance Tidal Power SchemeUnit 5 The ocean resources

Location of the Location of the scheme:scheme:At the estuary of River Rance in Brittany, northwest of France. River flows into the English Channel.

Difference Difference between high between high and low tides:and low tides:

8.5 m

Dam Dam

Turbine Turbine

Estuary

Tide rising (section) Tide falling (section)

Case: The River Rance Tidal Power SchemeCase: The River Rance Tidal Power SchemeHow tidal power is harnessed How tidal power is harnessed

to generate electricityto generate electricity As the tide rises water from the sea flows through this dam which drives the turbines to produce electricity.

When the tide ebbs, the trapped water is released and flows through the dam back to the sea.


Sea water is trapped behind the dam to form a reservoir.

Case: The River Rance Tidal Power SchemeCase: The River Rance Tidal Power SchemeUnit 5 The ocean resources

Capacity Capacity of power of power plant:plant:

240 000 kw

Year Year Built :Built :

1967

Advantages :Advantages : It does not pollute the environment. It is clean and inexhaustible.

Can we obtain energy from our oceans?Can we obtain energy from our oceans?Marine disputes

As oceans are rich in food and mineral resources, disputes over fishing rights, mining rights, continental shelf boundaries, islands and reefs regularly occur among coastal countries.

For example: Diao-Yu-Tai, which belongs to China is claimed by Japan.


Terms to learnTerms to learnPhytoplanktonPhytoplankton (浮游植物浮游植物 ) -- very tiny

plants that drift or float in the ocean.

ZooplanktonZooplankton (浮游動物浮游動物 ) -- very tiny animals that drift or float in the ocean.

Coal seamCoal seam (煤層煤層 ) -- layers of coal.

Fossil fuelsFossil fuels (化石燃料化石燃料 ) -- these are the remains of organic materials in rocks and are made up of hydrocarbon compounds. Oil and coal are examples of fossil fuels.


Unit 5 The Ocean Resources Unit 5 The ocean resources.

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Transcript of Unit 5 The Ocean Resources Unit 5 The ocean resources.