Unit 5 energy alberto s
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Transcript of Unit 5 energy alberto s
Energy
By Alberto fernández fernández
What is energy
• Energy is the ability of an object to change things around it .
• Energy can be mechanical, ligth, sound, thermal, electrical, chemical or nuclear
Sources of energy• Sources can be :• Renewable : such as water , wind , sun , biomass ,
waves and tides
• Non-renewable :Fuels are sources of chemical of energy . Coal , natural gas , and petroleum are fuels .
• Uranium and plutonium are sources of thermal energy .
Energy transforms• The speakers change the electricity into sound .• The waves and tides change mechanical energy into
electricity .
Electricity • Electricity is a form of energy :• We can transport it easily through power lines .• It trasforms into other types of energy , the light
energy of a light bulb
Electrical charges • Static electricity, it occurs when an object
acumulates electrical charge .
Conducting and insulating materials• Electrical charges move easily through conducting materials
.
• Electrical charges cannot move through insulating materials like wood , rubber and plastic .
Electrical current .Electrical current is the movement of the electrical charges through a
conducting material . ELECTRIC CIRCUIT
The elements in a electric circuit are :
The generator
The conductor
The light bulb
Producing electricityHIDROELECTRIC POWER STATIONS : Use the energy from the reservoirs . Water moves a turbine and its
generates electricity
• NUCLEAR POWER STATIONS : Use uranium or plutonium to produce thermal energy
• THERMAL POWER STATIONS: Burn fuels . Combustion heats water that is converted into steam .
Steam moves a turbine and generates electricity
• WIND FARMS AND SOLAR POWER STATIONS : transform the wind and the sun energy .
Energy and the enviroment
Producing and using energy causes problems .• Changes in the landscape . The construction of reservoirs changes the landscape
• Depletion .Fuels are non-renewable sources of energy and they can run out .
• Pollution . The burning of fuels produces gases that pollute the air
Using energy efficiently
• Turn off the ligths
• Use public transport .
• Turn off the heaters and air conditioning when its possible . Insulate homes .
• Practise the 3 R `s : reduce , reuse and recycle .
Magnetism
Magnetism is the ability of materials to attract metals such as iron and steel . There are two types of magnets , natural or artificial .
Uses of magnets
• Magnets are used in door locks , bags …
• Magnetism are used to store information on credit cards
Electromagnetism
• Elctricity produces magnetism .
• Magnetism produces elctricity .
• When the wheel turns , the magnet inside the dynamo turns and it creates an electrical current .
THE END