UNIT 5CHAPTER 11

LESSON 3

Development of Islam

Vocabulary

Pilgrimage (hajj)– journey to a place of religious importance

Mecca – Holiest site in IslamIslam – religion revealed to the Prophet Muhammad Caravans – groups of people and animals traveling

togetherMuslims – name of believers of IslamMedina – 2nd holiest site in IslamCaliphs – successors to Muhammad – like kings/emperorsMosque – a Muslim place of worshipJihad – a religious duty in Islam – literally “struggle”

Pilgrimage to Mecca

Muslims are believers in Islam

All Muslims must go on a pilgrimage, or Hajj, to Mecca at least once in their lifetime

Mecca is the holy city of Islam

the most iconic structure of Islam is the Ka'bah

It is considered the most sacred spot on Earth by Muslims

The Quran is the Holy book of Islam

Considered the verbatim word of Allah, God, as revealed to Muhammad by Gabriel over 23 years

Seen as the finest piece of Arabic literature

Quran is also spelled Koran

Islam is the religion that was revealed to Muhammad by the angel Gabriel

Muhammad

Muhammad means “praised one”

Muhammad founded the religion of Islam 570 CE – Muhammad born in Mecca

Orphaned as a child 610 CE - Muhammad receives visions 613 CE – began preaching in public 622 CE – Muhammad and followers fled to Medina 632 CE – Muhammad died

the Mosque of the Prophet in Medina, Saudi Arabia, with the Green Dome built over Muhammad's tomb in the center

Caravans were an important trade link to help the spread of Islam

Muslimsare followers

of Islam

The spread of Islam by the Caliphs

SHAHADAH PROFESSION

OF FAITH

Muslims believe in one God and several prophets, including

Muhammad

“There is no God but God and Muhammad is his prophet”

See Abraham, Moses and Jesus as prophets

Muhammad is the last and Greatest of all the Prophets

Mohammed solves a dispute over lifting the black stone into position at the Kaaba. The legends tell how, when Mohammed was still a young man, the Kaaba was being rebuilt and a dispute arose between the various clans in Mecca over who had the right rededicate the black stone. Mohammed resolved the argument by placing the stone on a cloth and having members of each clan lift the cloth together, raising the black stone into place cooperatively.

1

SalatRITUAL PRAYER

Five daily prayers

Usually occurs in a Mosque, a muslim place of worship

Ritual wash before praying recquired

Must face East toward holy city of Mecca

2

ZakatCharity to the

Poor

Muslims donate funds to help

others

Giving Alms to the poor

By giving part of what they own to the poor Muslims unite the community

3

SAWMFasting during

Ramadan

Muslims fast during the 9th month of the Muslim Calendar

No food or drink from daybreak to sunset

Ramadan is 29-30 days long

4

Celebration of the End of Ramadan from “The Magamat” Hariri Gicle

HAJJPilgrimage to

Mecca

A pilgrimage to the holy city of Mecca must be made if at all possible

The Hajj involves pilgrims visiting the Masjid al-Haram, but mainly camping and spending time in the plains of Mina and Arafah

5

The Path of the Hajj

Built in 848-852CE of baked bricks, the Great Mosque of Samarra is known for its 52m spiral minaret (Malwiyya).

The Great Qutub minar in Delhi constructed in 1192.

Mosque is a Muslim place of worship

Islam is the religion revealed to MuhammadMuslims are believers in IslamMecca is the holy city of IslamQuran is the holy book of IslamMuhammad is the founder of IslamJihad is religious duty in IslamPillars of Islam are the 5 duties of Muslims

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