Unit 4 The Multicultural society Text A America as a Collage.

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Unit 4 The Unit 4 The Multicultural society Multicultural society Text A America as a Collage Text A America as a Collage

Transcript of Unit 4 The Multicultural society Text A America as a Collage.

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Unit 4 The Multicultural societyUnit 4 The Multicultural society

Text A America as a CollageText A America as a Collage

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Contents

• Part I Pre-reading Task

• Part II Text Organization

• Part Language pointsⅢ

• Part The Key to TranslationsⅣ

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Part I Pre-reading TaskPart I Pre-reading Task

• Collage

• Metaphors for America

• Melting  Pot

• Salad bowl

• Mosaic

• Los Angeles

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Collage

when the result becomes three-dimensional, and might also be called a relief sculpture.( 浮雕) Most of the elements adhered in producing most collages are “found” materials. Introduced by the Cubist(立体派) artists, this process was widely used by artists who followed, and is a familiar technique in contemporary art. (当代艺术)

"Collage" was originally a French word, derived from the word coller, meaning "to paste."

A picture or design created by adhering such basically flat elements as newspaper, wallpaper, printed text and illustrations, photographs, cloth, string, etc., to a flat surface,

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Further explanation to CollageFurther explanation to Collage

1) An artistic composition of materials and objects pasted over a surface, often with unifying lines and color.

( 拼贴画通常以统一的线条和色彩,在画面上拼贴各种原料和物体的艺术拼合作品 )

2) The art of creating such compositions.( 拼贴艺术创作这样的拼贴作品的艺术 ) 3) An assemblage of diverse elements: ( 杂烩各种不同成分的集汇 )

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Some samples of collageSome samples of collage

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Some samples of collageSome samples of collage

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Metaphors for AmericaMetaphors for America

• Melting  Pot

•     The metaphor of the “melting pot” comes from Englishman Israel Zangwill's play The Melting Pot, which was first performed in Washington, D.C.   in 1908.

•Video

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• Salad bowl

•     mixtures of various ingredients that keep their individual characteristics, but come together as a dynamic flavor.

• Mosaic

• This metaphor implies that immigrant populations within the United States are not being blended together in one "pot", but rather they are transforming American Society into a truly multicultural mosaic.

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America is a place where you America is a place where you always have a chance to tryalways have a chance to try

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• the origin of its name

• The brief introduction

• The sceneries

•Los Angeles

• VIDEO of Los Angeles

• PPT of Los Angeles

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Part II Text OrganizationPart II Text Organization

1.The text can be divided into three parts.

Parts Paragraphs Main ideas

Part one

Paras1-5

America is not declining, but is in the process of creating a new collage-like civilization.

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Parts Paragraphs Main ideas

Part two

Paras 6-21 Los Angeles is a good example of such a collage.

Part three

Paras 22-24 There is something in America that acts as “glue” to piece different parts together to make the American collage: the chance to try.

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2. Things of symbolic value2. Things of symbolic value

Things of symbolic

value

Standing for

Los Angeles a new civilization

a PC company in Orange county

a fusion of Third World cultures with the most modern mentalities and technologies

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2. Things of symbolic value2. Things of symbolic value

Things of symbolic values Standing for

a person born in Los Angeles( according to Jose Vasconcelos)

a citizen of the world

America in the eyes of immigrants

a place where you always have a chance to try

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Part Language pointsⅢPart Language pointsⅢ1.in decline/on the decline: losing

strength; declining

e.g. ⑴He is still one of the world’s most popular baseball players, but his game is in decline.

⑵As she was getting older, her mental powers were on the decline.

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2.debt: a sum of money that you owe

e.g. He had enough money to pay off his father’s debts.

3.characteristic: special mark or quality

e.g. Genes determine the characteristics of every l⑴iving thing.

⑵A prominent characteristic of language is that the relation between a linguistic sign and its meaning is arbitrary.

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4.paralyze:make ineffective; make (sb.) lose the ability to move part or all of the body

e.g. He had a minor stroke in 1987, ⑴ which left him partly paralyzed.

⑵The explosion killed about two hundred people and paralyzed part of the city’s transportation system.

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5. thesis: an idea or theory that tries to explain why sth. happens; a long piece of writing about a particular subject that you do as part of a university degree such as an M.A. or a Ph.D.

E.g. Their main thesis is that inflation is caused ⑴by increase in the money supply.

⑵ He was awarded his PhD for a thesis on industrial robots.

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6.historical: concerning past events; based on the study of history

E.g. Is Macbeth a real historical figure?⑴⑵Museums collect objects of scientific, aesthetic, or

historical importance.

7.precedent: earlier happening, decision, etc. taken as an example or rule for what comes later

e.g. The trial could set an important precedent for ⑴dealing with large numbers of similar cases.

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⑵The appointment of female commander of a navy warship is without precedent.

8. have a/the sense that: feel/believe/realize that

e.g. As soon as we had the sense that something ⑴was wrong, we moved the children away.

⑵We have the sense that one month’s preparation is far from enough if we want to accomplish the project.

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9.for the first time: never before

e.g. ⑴Korea entered into the quarter-finals in the World Cup for the first time.

⑵Airplanes were used in a major military campaign for the first time during World War I.

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10. leave behind: cause (sth.) to remain; fail or forget to bring or take

e.g. I am afraid we’ll have to leave ⑴the dog behind at home.

⑵I arrived at the meeting to find I’d left my notes behind.

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11.mentality:characteristic attitude of mind; way of thinking

e.g. Can you understand the mentality of someone ⑴who likes to watch animals fighting each other?

⑵Running a business requires a very different mentality from being a salaried employee.

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12.plural: involving more than one person or thing or different kinds of people or things

e.g. His government has pledged to move the ⑴country towards a plural democracy.

⑵A plural form of a noun is the form that is used to refer to more than one person or thing.

⑶ Data is the Latin plural form of datum.

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13.unbelievable:extremely surprising ; very difficult to believe and therefore probably untrue

e.g. Dealers were paying unbelievable prices ⑴for her painting.

⑵Her excuse for being late for class was totally unbelievable.

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14.immigrant:a person who moves as a settler to another country

e.g. Historically, the United Stat⑴es has attracted vast numbers of immigrants from around the globe.

⑵It was estimated that more than 11 out of every 20 New Yorkers were immigrants or the children of immigrants.

American children of different origins

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15.network:connected system

e.g. ⑴The Internet is composed of many interconnected computer networks.

⑵Most personal computers communicate with each other and with larger networks, such as the Internet, by using the ordinary telephone network.

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16.constructive:having a useful purpose; helpful e.g. Criticism is welcome only when it is construct⑴

ive.⑵After their meeting, both sides described the talks

as frank, friendly and constructive.17.cooperation:working or acting together for a com

mon purposee.g. The mission of the United States is to maintai⑴

n world peace, develop good relations between countries, promote cooperation in solving the world’s problems, and encourage respect for human rights.

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⑵The European Union is an organization dedicated to economic cooperation among European nations.

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18.conception: idea about what sth. is like or understanding of sth.; process in which sb. forms a plan or idea

e.g. ⑴Their conception of love seems to be very different from our own.

⑵I had no conception of the finished product.

⑶The symphony is admirable in conception.

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19.destructive:causing destruction

e.g. Technology can be conceived as both a ⑴creative and a destructive process.

⑵The strong EL Nino which occurred between 1982 and 1983 was the most destructive in more than a century.

20.Show up: put in an appearance; be present

e.g. If I don’t show up for class this morning, I’ll ⑴be kicked out.

⑵He always shows up in a fancy car.

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21.offend: hurt the feelings of; give offence to

e.g. Richard was deeply offended that people ⑴thought he’d faked the story.

⑵He apologized for his comments and said he had no intention of offending the professor.

22.In the …sense: as far as…is concerned

e.g. In the academic sense, this article is not well ⑴written.

⑵In the environmental sense, your plan to build a chemical factory is a disaster, whatever the economic benefits may seem to be.

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23.religion: a belief in the life of the spirit and usually in one or more gods; a particular system of this belief and all the ways of expressing your love for your god, ceremonies, and duties that are connected with it

e.g. Philosophy comprised all areas of ⑴ speculative thought and included the arts, sciences, and religion.

⑵Buddhism is the most widely distributed of the Asian religion.

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24.From the perspective of: from the viewpoint of

e.g. From the perspective of w⑴omen, the article is well worth reading.

⑵The novel Harry Potter is written from the perspective of a child.

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25.submerge:(cause to) go under the surface of water; cover or completely hide

e.g. Submarines are designed to submerge and ⑴surface, and to maneuver quietly underwater to avoid detection.

⑵Some archeological treasures will be submerged in the construction of the Three Gorges Dam.

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26.ethnic:of a race or the races of mankinde.g. Although America’s culture is becoming ⑴

more uniform, its society remains a diverse mix of ethnic, racial, and religious groups.

⑵Long-held ethnic tensions escalated into a violent armed conflict.

27.essential:fundamental; most important; necessary (followed by to/for sth.)

e.g. Most teachers agree that play is an essential ⑴part of a child’s development.

⑵Is money essential to happiness? ⑶It is essential that you arrive on time.

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28.combination: joining or putting together; state of being joinede.g. ⑴It is the combination of wit and political analysis that makes his articles so readable.

⑵All genetic traits result from different combination of gene pairs, one gene inherited from the mother and one from the father.

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29.stagnant: unchanging; still and stale

e.g. Thousands of disputes between management ⑴and labor resulted from stagnant wages coupled with inflation.

⑵They tried to drain stagnant pools where mosquitoes breed.

30.destiny:fate

e.g. She wanted to be an artist, but destiny decreed ⑴that she should become a doctor.

⑵We are masters of our own destiny.

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31.discourage: take away the courage or confidence of

e.g. Michael was discouraged by repeated failures ⑴that he decided to give up his project.

⑵Many people were discouraged by the seemingly endless economic depression.

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Part Part ⅣⅣ The Key To Translation The Key To Translation

Professor Huntington’s paper greatly inspired me.

According to him, in a plural/ pluralistic society,

there will inevitably be different opinions. The key is

to deal with them in such a way that they can play a

constructive rather than destructive role.

He argues that in a plural/pluralistic society we must

stress/attach importance to interpersonal

relationships, cooperation,

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and looking at issues from the perspective of other

people. If some groups regard themselves as superior

and treat other ethnic groups or religions with

disrespect, the whole society may be paralyzed.

I am convinced that if we put into practice the ideas

mentioned above, then there is the possibility of

creating a new civilization.

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End End

Thank you very much for your appreciation