Test Review

Unit 4Test ReviewQuestion #1What process does the diagram below represent?DNA replicationProtein synthesisCell divisionNuclear division

Question #2Looking at the diagram below, which molecule carries the anticodon?12345

Question #3Looking at the diagram below, which molecule is coded directly from DNA?12345

Question #4Which molecule is made when the process in the diagram below is completed?Nucleic acidsLipidsProteinsCarbohydrates

Question #5What is the name of the bond pictured in the diagram below?Hydrogen bondIonic bondPeptide bondJames bond

Question #6Mutations in different species are not always harmful to the organism. Which of the following is a good example of a mutation that can help a species survive over time?A dog that has learned to stay away from an electrified fenceA fly infected with parasitesA cactus with no spinesA cockroach resistant to pesticidesQuestion #7The DNA of an ant and the DNA of an elephant are made up of:Subunits that are arranged in chains of the same lengthSubunits arranged in the same orderSubunits with the same nitrogen bases but in different sequence in each speciesSubunits arranged with different nitrogen bases

Question #8Looking at the diagram below, letter A is synthesized/transcribed based on a template found in:Amino acidsRNAHelicaseDNA

Question #9Looking at the diagram below, which processes take place in the cytoplasm?1, 2 and 33, 4 and 54 and 53 only

Question #10Looking at the diagram below, which processes take place in the nucleus?4 and 52 and 31 and 23 and 4

Question #11Looking at the diagram below, process 2 is known as:TranscriptionTranslationReplicationMutation

Question #12Looking at the diagram below, process 1 is known as:ReplicationTranslationTranscriptionMutation

Question #13Looking at the diagram below, process 3 is known as:ReplicationMutationTranslationTranscription

Question #14The types of enzymes (proteins) made in a cell are based on:Location of the DNA moleculeShape of the DNA moleculeSize of the nucleotides in DNA moleculesOrder of the nucleotides in DNA moleculesQuestion #15Chromosomal mutations that happen in the sex cells (gametes) of humans can affect how the children look because:The mutation makes the development of the baby fasterMany traits (characteristics) are affectedOnly one trait (characteristic) is affectedThey are on the sex chromosomes Question #16The chart below shows a comparison of species A with species B, C, D and E. What conclusion could you arrive at based on the information given?The environment influences how fast evolution takes placeLess mutations took place in species B and C than in species ASpecies A is more related to species B than species ESpecies A and E are more similar in protein structure

Question #17Which of the following diagrams illustrates a nucleotide?ABCD

Question #18Some mutations in humans result in a person being born without important enzymes the body needs. Which of the statements below would NOT be an explanation of this event?A DNA base coding for the enzyme was removedA DNA base coding for the enzyme was substitutedThe wrong mRNA code caused the wrong protein to formThe person lost a chromosome because of non-disjunctionQuestion #19The enzyme that controls transcription is called:RNA polymeraseDNA polymeraseTranscriptaseReplicatase

Question #20Which of these changes to the RNA triplet (codon) CUC will affect the protein produced?UUACUGAUUCUA

Question #21What type of mutation would occur if the RNA codon GUU were changed to GUG?DeletionSilentInsertionTranslation

Question #22During protein synthesis, what is the role of the DNA molecule?To be a messengerTo create substitutionsTo be the source of the genetic codeTo be the source of amino acids Question #23What would be the complementary strand to the following DNA strand AAATGGCCTT?UUUACCGGAATTTACCGGAATUTACGGGUUTTTUGGCCUUQuestion #24What is the importance of hydrogen bonds in the DNA molecule?Hydrogen bonds hold the twists in the DNA moleculeHydrogen bonds hold the sugar and phosphate togetherHydrogen bonds are very strong and keep the molecule safe and secureHydrogen bonds are weak bonds that allow DNA to unzip for replicationQuestion #25Because of base pairing in DNA, the percentage of pyrimidines in DNA is about equal to the percentage of purines.TrueFalse Question #26What is the purpose of the process in the diagram below?To make a ribosomeTo make mRNATo change the DNA sequenceTo make an identical copy of the DNA molecule for cell reproduction

Question #27Molecules of DNA are made of long chains of:BasesAmino acidsMonosaccharidesNucleotides

Question #28Chemical changes in the structure illustrated below happen because of:Changes in the environmentExposure to waterHigh salinity levelsExposure to mutagenic agents

Question #29The process in which new copies of DNA are made is called:TranscriptionReplicationTranslationProtein synthesisQuestion #30The enzyme that unwinds/unzips DNA is called:HelicaseDNA polymeraseRNA polymeraseIntron Question #31Which of the following explanations determines the traits (characteristics) of an organism on the DNA molecule?Amount of purines and pyrimidinesStrength of the hydrogen bondsNumber of Deoxyribose sugarsSequence of the nitrogen bases Question #32When DNA is going to replicate, at which point must the DNA molecule separate?Between the nitrogen base pairsBetween the sugar and phosphatesBetween any two chemical bondsBetween every 10th base pairsQuestion #33If a mutation is present in the gametes (sex cells) of an organism, where will this mutation most likely be transferred?To other organisms nearbyTo the mating partner of the organismTo the siblings (brothers/sisters) of the organismTo the offspring (children) of the organism Question #34A mutation was discovered in a population of bobcats in the Sonoran desert in Arizona. Using your knowledge of mutations and their impact on organisms, predict which of the following could be a result of this mutation:High rate of deaths of bobcatsBobcat population will have no changesHigher fertility rates in the affected bobcatsAll of the above are possible effects of a mutationQuestion #35The weakest bonds in a molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid is between the:Phosphate groupsDeoxyribose sugarsNitrogenous basesSugars and phosphates