Unit 3 Latin America

Chapter 10-13

Pages 220-285

2

Vocabulary

1. Plateau 2. Irrigation3. Hacienda4. Land Redistribution5. Latifundio6. Migrant Worker7. Estuary8. Maquiladoras9. Gasohol10. Mulattoes

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Population Distribution

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Cultural Aspects of Latin America

• Mix of peoples from Asia, Africa, and Europe• A site of civilizations and empires• Greatest cultural contribution:

• Largest number of Native American groups inthe world.

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Conquest

Spanish - first to colonizethe region– Initial pursuit of silver and golddeveloped into a more diversifiedEconomy

Portuguese colonization -Treaty of Tordesillas (1494)– The Treaty was meant to divide theworld between the Spanish andthe Portuguese–Never recognized by the British,

Dutch or French

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New Spain - Mexico

• Aztec decline

• 4 Social Classes emerged– Hacienda

• 1810 – Began revolution

• Democracy?

• Indian Life

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Mexico’s Industry

• Petroleum extraction

• Tourism– “Smokeless industry”

• Maquiladoras

Chapter 11

Central America & Caribbean

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Central AmericaPeople•Indians•Mestizos•Africans•Europeans

Conflicts•Land•Wealthy•Unstable governments

Agriculture and FishingAgriculture and Fishing

The Panama CanalThe Panama Canal

Going Through the Panama Going Through the Panama CanalCanal

Caribbean Islands

Island groups

• Greater Antilles

• Lesser Antilles

• Bahamas

People

• African

• European

Economy

• Agriculture

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Banana PlantationBanana Plantation

Harvesting Sugar CaneHarvesting Sugar Cane

Growing CoffeeGrowing Coffee

Rubber IndustryRubber Industry

Brazil

Chapter 12

23

Regions

Landforms

• Plains & Plateaus

Regions

• Northeast

• Southeast

• Brazilian Highlands

• Amazon Basin24

Brazilian HighlandsBrazilian Highlands

Sao Paolo, BrazilSao Paolo, Brazil

Overcrowding in Overcrowding in Sao Paolo, BrazilSao Paolo, Brazil

Amazon Rain ForestAmazon Rain Forest

Amazon Rain ForestAmazon Rain Forest

On the Ground Floor On the Ground Floor of the Rain Forestof the Rain Forest

Three-Tiered VegetationThree-Tiered Vegetation

Three-Tiered CanopyThree-Tiered Canopy

Native Indians of the AmazonNative Indians of the Amazon

Jungle FaunaJungle Fauna

Minerals of the Amazon Minerals of the Amazon RegionRegion

DiamondsDiamonds

AmethystAmethyst

QuartzQuartz

BauxiteBauxite

Deforestation in the Deforestation in the AmazonAmazon

Original Forest Cover

Future Forest Cover

Current Forest Cover

Eco-TourismEco-Tourism

Brazil’s Economy

Challenges

• Favelas – Poor

• Plantations – Wealthy redistribution

Growth

• Gasohol

• Service industry39

South America

Chapter 13

40

Northern Tropics• Guianas – Human Characteristics

– Differ because of colonization– Economic Activities

• Venezuela– Completely contrasts the Guianas– Use oil wealth to launch poverty programs– Climate based on altitudinal zonation

• Pg. 270

– Oil!! • Could be Western Hem. Biggest oil & gas producer

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• Columbia– Most people live between Cordilleras– Coffee – Problem?– Drug trade

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Andean Countries

Ecuador, Peru, Bolivia, Chile

Physical Geography• Mountain stretches 5,500 miles from

Caribbean Sea to southern tip of South America

• Divide countries into coastal plain, highlands and forest regions

Human Geography

Jobs these people might hold

1. An Ecuadorian mestizo living on the coastal plain

2. A descendant of a European family in Ecuador

3. A Peruvian family living in the mountains

Southern Grassland Countries

Economy depends on one single product!

Paraguay – Democratic since 1993

Uruguay – 85% of land devoted to primary economic activity

Argentina – 88% of people live in cities. Democratic since 1983