Unit 3 Earth’s Atmosphere
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Transcript of Unit 3 Earth’s Atmosphere
Unit 3Earth’s Atmosphere
Lesson 1 The AtmosphereLesson 2 Energy TransferLesson 3 Wind in the Atmosphere
a mixture of gases that surrounds a planet, moon, or other celestial body
atmosphere
the measure of the force with which air molecules push on a
surface
air pressure
the uppermost layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature increases as altitude decreases
thermosphere
the layer of the atmosphere between the stratosphere and the thermosphere and in which temperature decreases as altitude
decreases
mesosphere
the layer of the atmosphere that is above the troposphere and in which temperature
increases as altitude increases
stratosphere
the lowest layer of the atmosphere, in which temperature decreases at a constant rate as altitude increases
troposphere
a layer (of gas) in the atmosphere at an altitude of 15 to 40 km in which ozone absorbs ultraviolet
solar radiation
ozone layer
the warming of the surface and the lower atmosphere of Earth that occurs when water vapor, carbon dioxide, and
other gases absorb and reradiate thermal energy
greenhouse effect
a measure of how hot (or how cold) something is; specifically, a measure of
the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object
temperature
the kinetic energy of a substance’s atoms
thermal energy
an increase of the size of a substance in response to the increase in the
temperature of the substance
thermal expansion
the energy transferred between objects that are at different
temperatures
heat
the transfer of energy as electromagnetic waves
radiation
the movement of matter due to the differences in density; the transfer of
energy due to the movement of matter
convection
the transfer of energy as heat through an object
conduction
the movement of air caused by differences in air pressure
wind
the curving of the path of a moving object from an otherwise straight
path due to Earth’s rotation
Coriolis effect
the movement of air over Earth’s surface in patterns that are world
wide
global wind
a narrow band of strong winds that blows in the upper atmosphere
jet stream
the movement of air over short distances; occurs in specific areas as
a result of certain geographical features
local wind