Unit 3. Don’t write but listen for the answers to: Who started the study of cells? How long ago...
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Transcript of Unit 3. Don’t write but listen for the answers to: Who started the study of cells? How long ago...
Unit 3
Don’t write but listen for the answers to:
Who started the study of cells?How long ago were cells discovered?
Who invented the microscope?What theory did these scientists give rise to?
Robert Hooke, 1635-1703, English Chemist,
Mathematician, Physicist, and Inventor
• Matthais Schleiden (Plants)
Theodor Schwann (Animals)
Germany 1839: all organisms made of cells.
Rudolf Virchow (Germany 1858): all cells come from cells.
Anton van Leeuwenhoek, 1632-1723, Wine Assayer, Surveyor, Cloth Merchant, Minor Public Official, and Inventor 1st to see microscopic living things.
Cells are the basic units of life.
Modern Cell theory
a. Cells are basic unit of life.
b. All organisms are made of cells.
c. Cells come from cells.
Modern Cell theory
a. Cells are basic unit of life.
b. All organisms are made of cells.
c. Cells come from cells.
Robert Hooke 1600s saw cells and named them cells because they looked like cells
(rooms) in a monastery.
Schleiden 1838 discovered all plants are madeof cells.
Schwann 1839 discovered all animals are made of cells
Anton van Leeuwenhoek cells basic units of life
Rudolf Virchow 1858 discovered all cells come from cells.
What are 2 tools that allow us to study cells?How are they different?
Light microscopes use 2 lenses to form a clear image. Due to diffraction of light wavesthey can only magnify objects about 1000times(1millionth of a meter).
Electron Transmission Microscopes focus a beam of electrons allowing DNA or viruses to be visualized. Some can visualize structures 1 billionth of a meter in size.
Organelles in a grain of pollen from tobacco plant
appears flat
Electron Scanning Microscopes scan the surface of a specimen giving 3 dimensionalimages of the surface.
What are the 2 major categories of Cells.
Drawing of prokaryote eukaryote
How can you tell a prokaryote from anEukaryotic cell?
One micron is 1/1000 of a millimeter
characteristic prokaryote eukaryote
size 1um=1millionth of a meter
.1um-10um 10um-100um
Nucleusno Yes
Specialized organelles surrounded by membranes
no Yes
Cell membraneYes Yes
Cytoplasmyes Yes
Number of cells 1 1 or more
DNAIs this cellProkaryotic orEukaryotic?
Artist rendition of A virus Electron scan of an
HIV virusViruses are Prokaryotic.
Cell Organization
How is a cell divided into sections?
Organelle: specialized internal structures in the cytoplasm of cells that carry out specific functions. (Division of labor) Like tiny organs.
The cell membrane separates the inside of a cell from the outside.
Once you get in …Cells have 2 main zones1. In the cytoplasm2. In the nucleus
How can you tell a mitochondria from a chloroplast?
Where is a cell membrane in comparison to a cell wall?
What is different about smooth & rough ER?
Plants and animals have a lot of organelles in common.
Animal cellBoth plant and animal cellsAnimal cells Plant cells
Venn Diagram
Cytoplasm: fluid and organelles located between the Cell membrane and the nucleus.
Organelle: specialized internal structures in the cytoplasm of cells that carry out specific functions. (Division of labor) Like tiny organs.
