Unit 23

QCF Level 3 Extended Certificate

Unit 23

Human Computer Interaction

Unit 23 Outcomes

• Know the impact of HCI on society, the economy and culture

• Understand the fundamental principles of interface design

• Be able to design and implement user interfaces.

Assessment

• There will be 3 assignments.

• These include:• 6 pass grades.

• 3 Merit grades.

• 2 Distinction grades.

• Assignment 1 P1, D1.

• Assignment 2 P2,P3, M1,M2.

• Assignment 3 P4,P5,P6, M3,D2.

Question

• What is HCI?

HCI

• Human-computer interaction (HCI) is: “concerned with the design, evaluation and implementation of interactive computing systems for human use”

(ACM SIGCHI, 1992, p.6)

HCI to put it another way.

• Humans need to interact with ICT systems and this needs to be done in the most effective way taking into account the characteristics of the users.

What happens if we get HCI wrong?

• Three Mile Island accident, a nuclear meltdown accident, where investigations concluded that the design of the human–machine interface was at least partially responsible for the disaster.

• From Wikipedia

Question

• How does HCI (interaction) differ from HCI (interface).

HCI History

Input Output

Early days connecting wires lights on displaypaper tape & punch cards paperkeyboard teletype

Today keyboard scrolling glass teletype + cursor keys character terminal + mouse bit-mapped screen + microphone audio

Soon? data gloves + suits head-mounted displayscomputer jewelry ubiquitous computingnatural language autonomous agents

Punched cards 1832

• Korsakov used these cards in the Russian Police

Qwerty Keyboard

• Christopher Scholes invented this for use with typewriter

Cont - Eniac (1943)• A general view of the ENIAC, the world's first all

electronic numerical integrator and computer.

•From IBM Archives.

Cont -

•The Mark I paper tape readers.

Cont - Stretch (1961)

•A close-up of the Stretch technical control panel.

Cont - Bush’s Memex 1945

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•Conceiving Hypertext and the World Wide Web•a device where individuals stores all personal books, records, communications etc

•items retrieved rapidly through indexing, keywords, cross references,...•can annotate text with margin notes, comments...

•can construct a trail (a chain of links) through the material and save it

•acts as an external memory!

•Bush’s Memex device based on microfilm records, not computers!•but not implemented

Douglas Engelbart

• The Vision (Early 50’s) …I had the image of sitting at a big CRT screen with all kinds of symbols, new and different symbols, not restricted to our old ones. The computer could be manipulated, and you could be operating all kinds of things to drive the computer

... I also had a clear picture that one's colleagues could be sitting in other rooms with similar work stations, tied to the same computer complex, and could be sharing and working and collaborating very closely. And also the assumption that there'd be a lot of new skills, new ways of thinking that would evolve "

...Doug Engelbart

Ivan Sutherland’s SketchPad (1963 PhD Thesis)• Sophisticated drawing package

• introduced many new ideas/concepts now found in today’s interfaces• hierarchical structures defined pictures and sub-pictures

• object-oriented programming: master picture with instances

• constraints: specify details which the system maintains through changes

• icons: small pictures that represented more complex items

• copying: both pictures and constraints

• input techniques: efficient use of light pen

• world coordinates: separation of screen from drawing coordinates

• recursive operations: applied to children of hierarchical objects

• Parallel developments in hardware:• “low-cost” graphics terminals• input devices such as data tablets (1964)

• display processors capable of real-time manipulation of images (1968)

Development of the mouse

•Stanford Research Lab(’64)

•1st mouse

•Engelbart(’68)

•Demonstrated 1st mouse of current uses

•Xerox PARC, Xerox Star(’81)

•1st commercial product

The first mouse (1964)

Evolution of HCI ‘interfaces’

• 50s - Interface at the hardware level for engineers - switch panels

• 60-70s - interface at the programming level - COBOL, FORTRAN

• 70-90s - Interface at the terminal level - command languages

• 80s - Interface at the interaction dialogue level - GUIs, multimedia

• 90s - Interface at the work setting - networked systems, groupware

• 00s - Interface becomes pervasive. Ubiquitous computing

Future of HCI (MR Tech.)

• Analysis of MR technologies in the movie

“Minority Report”

Technologies Shown in the “Minority Report”

• Transparent display

• Mobile display

• Interaction using data glove

• 3D holographic display

• Holographic storage

• Interactive hologram

• Sensing human feeling

• Visualizing human feeling

• Real-time newspaper

• Virtual experience

• Interactive on-demand advertisement

• …

Transparent Media

Interaction by Gesture

3D Holographic Display

Iris Recognition

Video

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=J_FvdyhtVHg

Activity 1

• Produce multimedia slides for presentation on biometric devices and their uses.

• Focus on design and use, use diagrams where possible. As little text as possible/practical.

• Volunteers to present to the class.

Virtual Reality update

•Sony rumoured to reveal Virtual Reality headset for the PS4

Future directions?

• Ultimate Reality

• Ultimate Interaction

• Intelligence (AI)

• Human machine symbiosis e.g. brain implants/ body/mind controlled prosthetic limbs.

Activity 2

• Is HCI confined to PC’s?

• How has HCI affected you and your class mates as learners?

• In groups of 2 or 3 produce a mind map for the main points. (You can use Microsoft word and shapes to do this). This can then be presented to the class.

• (include devices from around the home/work place; not just computer based devices.)