Unit 201: Health safety and welfare in construction

City & Guilds Construction

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How to handle materials and equipment safely

Unit 201: Health safety and welfare in construction



Objectives By the end of this session you will be able to:

• Identify requirements for welfare facilities in the workplace as per CDM

• State the health effects of noise and precautions that can be taken

• State the risks associated with drugs, alcohol and medication on site

• Identify the legislation in relation to safe handling of materials and equipment

• State the importance of manual handling

• State the importance of using lifting aids when handling materials and equipment



Welfare facilities in the workplaceAll construction sites must have adequate welfare facilities which must meet the minimum requirements of Construction design management (CDM).

The minimum requirements are:

• Hot and cold running water washing facilitates with soap and driers

• Drinking water

• Toilets

• Canteen facilities with chairs and tables and means of boiling water

• Secure locker / storerooms

• Drying rooms



Welfare facilities in the workplaceExamples of acceptable facilities:



Noise in the workplace

What is noise ?Is any sound but especially harsh, loud or disagreeable

How do we measure noise ?In Decibels

How can noise damage our hearing?Our hearing is very sensitive, when sound levels are too high or constant it will slowly damage our hearing

When can noise damage our hearing ?Constant noise

Loud noise over a period of time



Noise in the workplaceHow can we stop reduce the noise in the workplace ?

• Reduce the noise

• Dampen noise with absorbers and maintain tools

• Isolate the noise

• Use sound barriers, insulation of rooms

• Eliminate the noise

• Use different types of materials and tools

• Control the noise

• Work during quiet hours



Noise in the workplaceActivity

Which activity has the highest noise level? Put them in order Use Activity sheet 8 to complete the exercise.

Noise Level 1-6 (1 being loudest)

Carrying out the role of a Joiner

Using portable power tools

Using a pneumatic drill

Using a bench saw

Using portable power tools

Carrying out roles as a bricklayer



Noise in the workplace Remember its your health!

Employers should ensure risk assessments are in place and warning signs are visible where protection should be worn.

The HSE recommend the following safe guidelines:



Drugs and AlcoholExcessive drinking and the use of drugs by employees is of serious concern to employers, given the risk of the employee under-performing, and putting their own health and safety, and that of others, at risk.

Alcohol-related problems can be detrimental to the individual and the smooth running of the site, and can also result in waste and inefficiency. However, it is well known that such problems can be effectively treated.

In groups explain the definitions of the following using Activity sheet 9

• Alcoholic

• Alcoholism

• Drug (or drugs)

• Drug abuse

• Substance abuse.

• Under the influence



Drugs and AlcoholIt is important to know that alcohol or drugs affect sensory perception and reaction times.

Construction workers whose work involves driving or the use of hand tools or machinery should be very careful of their intake of alcohol.

Driving whilst under the influence of alcohol is a criminal offence.

Penalties range from a fine, with or without disqualification, to a term of imprisonment.

The current legal limit is 80mg of alcohol per 100ml of blood (or 35mg per 100ml in the breath



Drugs and Alcohol Approximate detection times of commonly used drugs when tested for in urine

What is the detection times of the commonly used drugs below?

Drugs Approximate detection timeMethadone 1 day – 1 week

Cocaine 1-4 days

Dihydrocodeine 1-2 days

Heroine detected as Morphine 1-2 days

Lysergide (LSD) 8 hours

Barbiturates 2-10 days

Alcohol 6-10 hours

Cannabis 1 day-5 weeks

Amphetamine 1-2 days



Safe Handling of Materials And EquipmentThe Manual Handling Operations Regulations 2002 places the following duties on employers and employees:



Safe Handling of Materials And Equipment

Employees duties

1 Employees are responsible for complying with the safe systems of work enforced by their employer

2 Use the equipment provided by the employer

3 Report hazards encountered

4 Make sure that their activities do not endanger others



Manual HandlingWhat is Manual Handling?

The definition of manual handling:The transportation or movement of a load (including person, animal or object) from one place to another by lifting, handling, pushing, pulling or bodily force.

FACTS

• Lifting and moving loads manually is one of the most common causes of injury at work.

• 56,000 Work Related MSD cases in construction per year

• There is no truly ‘safe’ weight limit for manual handling operations so try to find alternatives.



Manual HandlingWhen you have to manually handle loads consider: TILE

Task - how often, how much twisting or bending is needed?

Individual capability, male or female, old or young, experienced or inexperienced?

Load - how heavy? Good grip? Bulky? Heavier at one end?

Environment - hot, cold, uneven floor, windy, stairs?



Manual HandlingKinetic lifting

• The correct posture before lifting

• The correct techniques when lifting

• When lowering a load you must adopt the correct posture and technique

See activity sheet 10 on thestep by step guide to lifting correctly

The most common injury when lifting incorrectly is Spinal Injury



The use of lifting aids when handling materials and equipment Lifting Gear There are numerous items of small lifting equipment available to assist with handling materials on site and in the workshop. Only use these if you are qualified to use them.



Manual HandlingAre you making the best use of lifting and handling aids?

Many materials are delivered to the site on lorries equipped with mechanical off loaders. Once off-loaded, it is the employer’s responsibility to move the materials to a safe place until required for use.

What lifting aids would you use with the following materials ?



Summary / Recap • What is CDM ?

• Name one of the minimum requirements of CDM ?

• How do we measure noise ?

• What is manual handling?



Any questions?

Unit 201: Health safety and welfare in construction

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