Unit 2- Structure & Transformation of Matter

1.)I will define homogeneous mixtures , heterogeneous mixtures, physical changes, and

chemical changes.2.)I will identify homogeneous mixtures,

heterogeneous mixtures, physical changes, and chemical changes.

3.)I will contrast homogeneous , mixtures heterogeneous mixtures, physical changes, and

chemical changes.

1Mixture(VOC. WORD)

•No new substance is made. •A+B=AB •(2 or more substances are put together without combining chemically/ can be separated out and put back together again. )(DEF.) (Ex.) pepper + water = pepper water (A) + (B) = (AB)

2Solute(voc. Word)(Solid part of mixture that can be soluble -dissolve/ seem to have disappeared into mixture or insoluble -be on top, bottom, or top & bottom of mixture. )(def.) (Ex.) pepper + water = pepper water (A) + (B) = (AB) (solute)

3Solvent(voc. Word)(Liquid part of mixture. Can have more than 1. Breaks apart solute, stays below solute, or is above solute. Universal solvent = water is the most commonly used all over the world.)(def) (Ex.) pepper + water = pepper water (A) + (B) = (AB) (solute) (solvent)

Mixture name

Solute name

Solventname

Salt water salt water

Flour water flour water

3A

4Homogenous Mixture(voc. Word)

(One type of mixture . Call it Solution. Solute dissolves+ spreads out all throughout the mixture.)(def.) Cup of salt and water. Water

Grains of salt

5Heterogeneous Mixture(voc. Word)

(Second type of mixture= heterogeneous . Is called a suspension.)(def.)Heterogeneous mixture= solute is:

1. Top

2. Bottom

3. Top & bottom Cup of pepper

7Physical/ Chemical Properties

Words used to describe how something looks, weighs, etc. Description/ characteristics of an object: mass, density, shape, and color.

8Physical PropertyObserved or measured without changing the identity of the object/ matter.

Observed/ look (P.P.)•Color•Shape

Measured (P.P.)•Mass (11.5g)•Melting point (78⁰C•Length (12 in)•Weight (11.5 g)•Boiling point (300⁰C)•Size (38-40 XL)

9Chemical PropertyObserved or measured as the object/matter changes in its identity. Look/observed (C.P.)•Color•Shape

Measured (C.P.)•Mass (11.5g)•Melting point (78⁰C•Length (12 in)•Weight (11.5 g)•Boiling point (300⁰C)•Size (38-40 XL)

10Physical ChangeMixtures (A+B=AB(No new substance formed)•No bubbles•No smoke•No sound•No heat•No light

Can be separated!

11MatterHas weight and takes up space

Solid

Gas

Liquid

Plasma

(4 States of Matter)

12MassAmount of atoms in matter. “more atoms” (mother of family)

“45”A

“6”A

More mass More mass

13AtomsSmallest (nonliving) piece of matter. (sister of family)

“45”Atoms

CheerioCracker

Cracker Crumb“6”

Atoms

14VolumeAmount of space an object takes up. (Father of the family)

Liquid Solid

More volume Less volume

More space between atoms

Less space between atoms

15WeightStrength of pull of gravity on object. (Brother of family)Cracker crumb

1 Gram

Dead Tree

1,052 Grams

16DensityHow tightly packed atoms are in an object. (Step-sister)

Wooden Block Concrete Block

“not tight”atoms

“tight”atoms

Same size

Very

dense

Not

as

dense

17Law of Conservation of & Mass

Same amount of mass before change and after change. (Physical and chemical change)

AfterBefore

WaterGrains of

saltSalt + Water

(38 g) (38 g)

18Chemical Change•Change into a new substance/ compound. •A+B=C •Signs/ Physical Property or Chemical property•Bubbles•Smoke•Light •Sound•Heat •Color change

19Chemical ReactionWhen new substance/ compound is forming.

Baking Soda + Vinegar= C02

20Boiling Point

Water vapor/ steam. Water as a gas. (100°C/ 212°F

Water at a liquid at room temperature. (0°C / 33°F or higher

Temperature at which a liquid matter becomes a gas matter.

21Melting Point

Ice is water as a solid(0°C/ 32°F Water puddle is

water a liquid(1°C or higher/ 33°F or higher

Temperature at which a solid matter becomes a liquid matter.

22ElementSubstance whose matter is made up of only one kind of atom. (Periodic Table)•Hydrogen- H•Oxygen- O•Helium- He•Lead- Pb•Carbon- C•Sulfur- S

23Compound•Substance whose smallest unit is made up of atoms of 1 or more elements chemically bonded together. Examples:•C02 (1 atom of Carbon & 2 atoms of 0xygen) Carbon Dioxide•H202 (2 atoms of Hydrogen & 2 atoms of Oxygen) Hydrogen peroxide.

Molecule 24•Contains atoms of the same element. Must have a number of 2 or more written beside the element’s symbol. These are used to make compounds. Examples: •O2 (2 atoms of oxygen) •NO2 (2 atoms of oxygen & 1 atom of nitrogen)