Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are...

18
Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure

TAGS:

Transcript of Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are...

Page 1: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

Unit 2:Atomic Theory

and Structure

Page 2: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

(c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible.

Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its properties.

Early Models of the Atom

(1803) Dalton’s experiments developed a scientific theory of atoms.

Dalton’s Atomic Theory(4 conclusions)

Page 3: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

1) All matter is composed of tiny, indivisible atoms.

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

2) In size, mass, & prop’s atoms of the same element are identical,atoms of different element are different

Page 4: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

4) Atoms combine in simple whole-number ratios to form compounds.

3) Atoms chemically combine, separate, or rearrange.

(Law of Definite Proportions)(Law of Conservation of Mass)

Dalton’s Atomic Theory

Page 5: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

Cathode Ray Tube

(1904) J.J. ThomsonCathode Ray Tube Experiment

Page 6: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

cathode rays deflect toward a positive plate

(1904) J.J. ThomsonCathode Ray Tube Experiment

WHY?

negatively charged

Page 7: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

Conclusion: atoms contain negatively charged

particles called electrons

Thomson’sPlum Pudding Modelatoms are + charged material with – charged electrons evenly distributed

(1904) J.J. ThomsonCathode Ray Tube Experiment

Page 8: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

1908 Nobel Prize for work with radiation (+ alpha particles)

(1911) Ernest RutherfordGold Foil Experiment

(expected)

Page 9: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

1/10,000 + alpha particles deflect from the gold foil

(1911) Ernest RutherfordGold Foil Experiment

+

Page 10: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

Conclusion: atoms are mostly empty space filled with e–

the + charge and mass are in a tiny central nucleus

nucleus:tiny, massive, core of atoms containing + protons and (neutral) neutrons

(1911) Ernest RutherfordGold Foil Experiment

Page 11: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

(1 trillionth of the atom)

the atomic nucleus

Page 12: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

17.7 The Atomic Nucleus

3 subatomic particles:

≈ 0

Page 13: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

4.2

Page 14: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

1. The ancient Greek philosopher Democritus is credited with suggesting that ____.

A. atoms react in whole number ratios

B. atoms can change into other elements

C. all matter is made of indivisible atoms

D. atoms are stupid anyway

Quick Quiz!

Page 15: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

2. Dalton's atomic theory improved earlier ideas about atoms by ___.

A. teaching that all matter is composed of tiny particles called atoms

B. theorizing that all atoms of the same element are identical

C. using experimental methods to establish a scientific theory

D. not relating atoms to chemical change

Quick Quiz.

Page 16: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

3. Which of the following is NOT part of Dalton’s atomic theory?

A. All elements are made of atoms.

B. Atoms of the same element are identical.

C. Different elements can mix or combine in simple whole-number ratios called compounds.

D. Atoms can be changed into other atoms through chemical reactions.

Quick Quiz.

Page 17: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

4. Which of the following is TRUE about subatomic particles?

A. protons and neutrons are positively charged

B. electrons have practically no mass

C. protons and electrons are in the nucleus

D. neutrons and electrons have no charge

Quick Quiz.

Page 18: Unit 2: Atomic Theory and Structure. (c. 400 B.C.) Democritus proposed that “atomos” are indivisible. Atom: smallest particle of matter that retains its.

Quick Quiz.

5. Most of the volume of the atom is occupied by the ________________.

A. electrons

B. protons

C. neutrons

D. protons and neutrons


Chapter 3: Atomic Structure. Scientists Democritus- Matter composed of atoms (indivisible) (~450B.C.) Democritus- Matter composed of atoms (indivisible)

Chapter 3: Atomic Structure. Scientists Democritus- Matter composed of atoms (indivisible) (~450B.C.) Democritus- Matter composed of atoms (indivisible)

Development of Atomic Theory 400 B.C. -Democritus was first to use the word : atom atomos meaning “indivisible” Aristotle (famous philosopher) disputed.

Development of Atomic Theory 400 B.C. -Democritus was first to use the word : atom atomos meaning “indivisible” Aristotle (famous philosopher) disputed.

Mullis1 Democritus (460-370 B.C.) Democritus was one of a few Greek philosophers who believed that all matter in the world was made of of indivisible parts.

Mullis1 Democritus (460-370 B.C.) Democritus was one of a few Greek philosophers who believed that all matter in the world was made of of indivisible parts.

Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter. PART 1 Democritus [400 B.C] Greek philosopher Hypothesized: Nature has a basic indivisible particle of which.

Atoms: The Building Blocks of Matter. PART 1 Democritus [400 B.C] Greek philosopher Hypothesized: Nature has a basic indivisible particle of which.

Basic Chemistry Atoms, Elements & Molecules. Atoms Around Us “To understand the very large, we must understand the very small” Democritus Atoms Atomos.

Basic Chemistry Atoms, Elements & Molecules. Atoms Around Us “To understand the very large, we must understand the very small” Democritus Atoms Atomos.

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure ___________ means indivisible, from Democritus (Greek, 400BC) smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties.

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure ___________ means indivisible, from Democritus (Greek, 400BC) smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical properties.

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure p. 101. Section 4.1 Defining the Atom Greek philosopher Democritus Greek philosopher Democritus suggested atoms (Greek “atomos”)

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure p. 101. Section 4.1 Defining the Atom Greek philosopher Democritus Greek philosopher Democritus suggested atoms (Greek “atomos”)

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure. Democritus Greek Philosopher First to suggest the idea of atoms. Believed atoms were indivisible & indestructible.

Chapter 4 Atomic Structure. Democritus Greek Philosopher First to suggest the idea of atoms. Believed atoms were indivisible & indestructible.

Ch. 3: Atoms 3.1 Foundations. History Democritus named the most basic particle named the most basic particle atom- means “indivisible atom- means “indivisible.

Ch. 3: Atoms 3.1 Foundations. History Democritus named the most basic particle named the most basic particle atom- means “indivisible atom- means “indivisible.

“Atomic Structure” Greek Model Greek philosopher Idea of ‘democracy’ Idea of ‘atomos’ –Atomos = ‘indivisible’ –‘Atom’ is derived No experiments to support.

“Atomic Structure” Greek Model Greek philosopher Idea of ‘democracy’ Idea of ‘atomos’ –Atomos = ‘indivisible’ –‘Atom’ is derived No experiments to support.

Development of the Atomic Theory. Democritus 460 BC - Greek philosopher proposes the existence of the atom ; calls it Atomos meaning indivisible. His.

Development of the Atomic Theory. Democritus 460 BC - Greek philosopher proposes the existence of the atom ; calls it Atomos meaning indivisible. His.

Chapter 2 Notes Atomic Structure. Atoms Democritus – Ancient Greek Science dude, 1 st proposed the idea of atoms, tiny indivisible particles Atomos –

Chapter 2 Notes Atomic Structure. Atoms Democritus – Ancient Greek Science dude, 1 st proposed the idea of atoms, tiny indivisible particles Atomos –

1.cdn.edl.io · Web viewBasic Overview of Atomic Theory Atomic Theory – History Democritus – “ Atomos ” – indivisible particles Lavoisier – Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter

1.cdn.edl.io · Web viewBasic Overview of Atomic Theory Atomic Theory – History Democritus – “ Atomos ” – indivisible particles Lavoisier – Law of Conservation of Mass/Matter

History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos.

History of the Atom. Democritus (400 BC) Proposed that matter was composed of tiny, invisible particles. Gr. atomos.

Introduction to Atoms Chapter 4. Democritus Greek Philosopher “uncutable particle” Named the atom from the Greek word Atomos Atoms are small, hard,

Introduction to Atoms Chapter 4. Democritus Greek Philosopher “uncutable particle” Named the atom from the Greek word Atomos Atoms are small, hard,

Atoms and the Periodic Table The Atom Ch. 4. Democritus (400 BC) Greek philosopher. All things are composed of tiny, indivisible particles: called: Atomos.

Atoms and the Periodic Table The Atom Ch. 4. Democritus (400 BC) Greek philosopher. All things are composed of tiny, indivisible particles: called: Atomos.

The Atom Chapter 3. From Idea to Theory Democritus, Greek philosopher, 400 B.C., introduced the concept of an atom, an ‘indivisible’ particle. Democritus,

The Atom Chapter 3. From Idea to Theory Democritus, Greek philosopher, 400 B.C., introduced the concept of an atom, an ‘indivisible’ particle. Democritus,

Particles and Waves. Early Atom Models Democritus (2500 years ago)—tiny indivisible particles, atmos Dalton (1803) Each element composed of extremely.

Particles and Waves. Early Atom Models Democritus (2500 years ago)—tiny indivisible particles, atmos Dalton (1803) Each element composed of extremely.

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions. History Greeks Greeks Democritus and Leucippus - atomos Democritus and Leucippus - atomos Aristotle- elements Aristotle-

Chapter 2 Atoms, Molecules, and Ions. History Greeks Greeks Democritus and Leucippus - atomos Democritus and Leucippus - atomos Aristotle- elements Aristotle-

Atomic Theory. Democritus – 460 – 370 BC Matter consisted of tiny particles “atomos” Ideas were wrong.

Atomic Theory. Democritus – 460 – 370 BC Matter consisted of tiny particles “atomos” Ideas were wrong.