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Unit 10Where today's food comes from

Fertile خصب Genetically modified وراثيا معدلOrganic عضوى Pesticide اآلفات مبدSpray يرش Gene جينRipen ينضج Ingredients مكوناتRot تفسد Carbohydrate كربوهيدراتFats دهون Protein بروتينStarvation مجاعة Seeds بذورScientists علماء Modify يعدلHunter صياد Describe يصفLiving things الحية الكائنات Roots جذورWild plants برية نباتات Collect يجمعHunt يصيد Poisonous سامFlood فيضان / يفيض Contain على يحتوىLaboratory معمل Cheerful سعيدAgriculture الزراعة Attack على يهجمHungry جائع Damage يتلفFear خوف / يخشى Continuously باستمرارQuickly بسرعة Fertilizers أسمدةGenetics الوراثة علم Remove يزيلRegularly بانتظام Favourite مفضلLabels بطاقات Reference books مراجعMake sure من يتأكد Drops نقاطTake place حدث Guarantee ضمان / يضمنRestrictions قيود Equipment معداتLong-term changes طويلة تغيرات

المدىProtect يحمى

Insects حشرات Destroy يدمرUnnatural طبيعى غير Bring يحضرFields مجاالت / حقول Feeding التغذيةHealthy صحى Cooked foods مطبوخة أطعمةDiet غذائى نظام Strom عاصفةSow / seeds البذور ينثر Movement حركةClear answer واضحة إجابة Questionnaire استبيانPotentials كامنة قدرات Draft مسودةGenetic engineering وراثية هندسة Nuts 1مكسرات

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Idiomatic expressionsDo/ cause damage to أذى يسببDo / cause harm to لـ أذى يسببMake the fruit rot = go rotten يفسدImprove the quality of the crops المحاصيل جودة يحسنMake money / earn money from … من مال يكسبWhat do you think about …? ؟ ... فى رأيك متThe same as مثلThere is no choice اختيار يوجد الTo provide + شخص with high yield crops

عالى بمحصول شخص يزودالجودة

Die of starvation جوعا يموتPrepositions

Example of لـ مثال Disadvantage of عيب Worried about بشأن قلق Harmful to لـ ضارForm of من نمط Die of من يموتWrite down يدون Method of لـ طريقةProtect + شخص form من يحمى Spray with بـ يرشCome out of من يخرج Resistant to لـ مقاومFind out يكتشف Plenty of من كثيرEnd with بـ ينتهى

Should scientists modify our food? Thousands of years ago, most people were hunters whose food came from the animals and fish they had killed and from nuts, roots and fruit they had collected. Later, these hunters lived in one place and became farmers whose method of getting food was to grow crops from the seeds of wild plants. Over time, they noticed that some plants were better than others. They saves the seeds from these plants and so the yields and quality of their crops improved. Like plants, all other living things contain genes which control what they will be like. Modern scientists can put genes into plants and animals in the their laboratories, and this means they can modify their genes in order to change what they are like. This is called genetic engineering. A type of tomato is an example of this. When normal tomatoes ripen, one of their genes produces a chemical that makes the fruit rot. Scientists can modify this gene so that the tomatoes don’t rot so quickly. This is one way on which genetically modified (GM) crops can improve agriculture. Scientists know that this technology can also protect people from starvation in countries where insects or diseases destroy crops. For example, fruit and vegetables have been modified so that they aren’t damages by the diseases that kill "normal" plants. However, many people believe that modified food is unnatural and fear that genetic engineering may bring new diseases in the future. So should we eat genetically modified food or not? Surprisingly, biscuits, cakes and many other foods that we have been eating for years already contain genetically modified ingredients. Have they done us any damage?

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NotesHunt يصطاد حيواناتCatch يصطاد سمك-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Modify يغير بدرجة طفيفةChange تختلف تماماWe will have to modify the plan.There was a complete change in the patient's condition overnight.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Healthy سليم البدنSane سليم العقلYou should do a sport to keep healthy.Are you still sane after bringing up six children?-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Save يوفرReserve يحجزI have saved some money to buy her a present.We have reserved a room.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------A number of )عدد من ) يأتى بعده فعل فى صيغة الجمعThe number of )عدد من ) يأتى بعده فعل فى صيغة المفرد A number of girls are absent today.The number of volunteers has greatly decreased.-------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------Ingredients مكوناتRecipe وصفة / طريقة تحضير طبقFlour, water and eggs are the most important ingredients.She gave me the recipe of the cake.

Communications and FunctionsGiving Advice

Eat meat regularly, it has lots of proteins. I think you should, ought to, 'd better … Make sure you eat plenty of vegetables. You mustn’t eat too much sweets. If I were you, I would … I advise you to … Why don’t you + مصدر Take my advise and …

Say where these mini-dialogues take place and who the speakers are

A: Have you anything to declare?B: No.A: very well, you can go through.

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A: how much is a kilo of oranges?B: It is one pound.B: So give me 5 kilos.

A: Can I find silk ties, please?B: Yes, we have nice French collection.A: What about their prices?B: they are not expensive.

A: I'd like you to examine my dog.B: Ok, let me see.

A: May I see the menu, please?B: Of course, here you are, sir.A: I'd like to have some steak and a cola.

A: stop here, please. That's where I want to get off.B: Seven pounds, sir.A: ok, here you are.

A: Can I cash this cheque?B: Ok. Please wait a minute.

A: Why didn’t you do the homework?B: I am sorry, sir. May father was ill and I had to take take him to hospital.

A: What are you watching, son?B: a football match.A: Have you finished all your homework?B: Yes.

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Respond to each of the following situations1-You think that private cars should be banned in city center.2-You friend think that food prices are sky high. You have the same opinion.3-A friend thinks that mobile phones are useless, you disagree giving a reason.4-You see that farmers have a very hard life.5-Your friend says "too much fat is not good for health." You agree.6-You are for eating less and doing more exercise.7-You want to know who the red car belongs to.8-cYou see that markets are the places to buy food.9-You are asked about your opinion of watching educational TV programs.10-Your friend sees that life in the country is different from life in the city. You agree.11-Someone asks your opinion of GM food.12-Ali says "Pesticides can be poisonous." You agree.13-Express you agreement that organic food is better for us. Use the word seems.14-One of your friend eats food with too much fat in it.15-A friend who has been ill asks for advice about food. Suggest fruit.16-A friend asks what you think of fast food. What do you say?17-A friend thinks that biscuits and cakes are healthy. You disagree with him.

Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write them correctly

1-GM food technology protect people from thirst.2-Scientists can modification genes of both animals and plants.3-There is no evidence that GM food has made us any damage.4-Engineers get their food from the animals they had killed.5-You can find information on the paper of some food.6-Many people believed that modified food is natural.7-You can ripe the tomatoes on a sunny window sill.8-Sugary canned drinks rotten your teeth9-Eat meat regular, it has lots of proteins.10-I have saved to seats in the cinema.11-In the past, the Nile flooded and left fertilizers soil on the fields.12-In my opinion, we should improved the quality of the soil.13-Chemical fertilizers are more expensive than user organic farming.14-I'd saying that modern farming makes more money than organic farming.15-Organic farms don’t product the same qualities are modern farms.16-Agriculture is the work of growing crops and eating animals.

Choose the correct answer1-Long ago, (farmers / hunters / engineers / pilots) got their food from animals and fish they killed.2-The existing plan is a failure, so we have to (identify / falsify / classify / modify) it.3-genetically modified crops can improve (industry / commerce / agriculture / tourism)

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4-Some people worry about eating GM food as it is (unnatural / natural / canned / salty) 5-(Genes / Fungi / Bacteria /Germs) are parts of cells of living things that control our development.6-Being unnatural, GM food may (bring / treat / overcome / uproot) new diseases in the future.7-The storm (did / made / went / played) a lot of damaged to the passing ships.8-One advantage of the technology of GM food crops is that it can protect people from (floods / fires / storms / starvation)9-When the hunters live in one place, they became (doctors / farmers / swimmers / amateurs)10-Corn (ripens / rinse / rings / rides) quickly in the summer sun. It becomes ready to eat.11-The (club school / lab / library) is the place where scientists can modify genes.12-Pesticides are (safe / poisonous / harmless / cheap) so they must be avoided.13-The crops are regularly (covered / mixes / coated sprayed) with insecticides to protect them from diseases.14-This soil is (infertile / fertile / weak / poor) we can grow crops in it.15-In the past, the Nile used to (fade / flood / feed / food / drown) and enrich the soil.16-Modern farming (makes / does / goes / borrows) more money than organic farming.17-It seems to me that organic food is (better / harmful / dangerous / bad) for you than inorganic.18-Flour, water and eggs are the most important (ingredients / factors / vegetable / chemicals) of this food.19-Once people ate animals which they had (fed / feed / raised / hunted / made)20-Early farmers used the (nuts / roots / seeds / branches) collected from the best plants.21-How can we stop the (rot / favour / good / route) in our society?22-Becuas of genetic engineering, some people are (happy / pleased / afraid / glad)that there will be new diseases.23-Scientists have modified the genes of some tomatoes so that they grow more (quickly / slowly / accurately / precisely)24-Grass (seeds / nuts / beans roots) should be sown in the spring.25-There isn’t enough food, so people my die of (starvation fires / wars / floods)26-Crops are destroyed by (insects / diseases both of them / neither of them ) 27-Look at the planes, they are (harvesting / growing / irrigating / spraying) fields.28-People have been eating biscuits and cakes for a long time although they contain (genetic / genetically / gender / genetics) modified ingredients.29-Farmers earn their money from (agriculture / trade / tourism / industry)30-It is believed that spraying plants with pesticides is (safe / dangerous / healthy / useful)31-Farmers use chemical (pesticides / weapons / bactericide / homicide) to kill insects attacking their crops.

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32-It seems to me that food (quantities / qualities / products / prices) are going up. So people can't buy enough for it.33-tomato is an example (of / off / in / at) GM food.34-Using chemical is very harmful (on / for / to / at) the environment.35-These plants grow in natural conditions. They are (wild / tame / fierce / heated)36-Fruit is ready to be eaten when it has been (picked / ripened / rotted / heated) by the sun.37-Scientists can (grow / gather / modify / harvest) crops by adding / or removing certain genes.38-The science of studying the development and form of living things is called (physics / chemistry / geology / genetics)39-If you want to grow crops, you have to put (seeds / flowers / branches / roots) in the ground.40-I'd say that modern farming is more (healthy / interesting / exciting / profitable) than organic farming. 41-Many people were very hungry after the storm. Some ever began to (cry / weep starve / shout)42-Plough the filed, then sow the (branches / seeds / leaves / roots), next water it.43-countries should try to (export / produce / induce / import) all their food to have self-sufficiency.44-This food has been changed in an artificial way. It has been (economically / physically / genetic / genetically) modified.45-Although he was ill, he gave me a (sad / sadness / cheerful / ugly) smile.46-The disease is connected with genes. It is caused by a (genuine / genetic / geometric / gentle) defect.47-Farmers add natural organic fertilizers to (destroy / damage / improve / decrease) the quality of the soil.48-Food which (contains / consists of / includes / belongs) too much fat is not good for us.49-The best thing is to provide farmers with modern (instruments / appliances / apparatuses / equipment) 50-This soil is too poor to grow crops in. it is not (weak / fertile infertile / dirty) 51-(Genetically / Genes / Genetics / Genetic)are the part of the cells which control what a living thing will be like.52-(An insecticide / A herbicide / A pesticide / A distinct) is a chemical used to kill pests.53-(An insecticide / A herbicide / A pesticide / A distinct) is used to kill insects.54-The crops that are genetically (modified / altered / damaged / modification) offer opportunities to improve agriculture.55-(Cultural culture / Agriculture / Crop) is the work of growing crops and feeding animals.56-The verb " (spray / soil / publish / sparkle) means to make liquid come out in a steam of very small drops.57-A (farm / fertile / fertilizers / farming) is a thing that farmers put on the soil to produce better crops.

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58-I get my brown hair and eyes from my parents. They are in my (genes / jeans / genius / generation)59-The main (engineer genetic / gene / ingredient) of the meal I am cooking is cheese.60-Scientists can (liquid / modernize / modify / model) crops by adding or moving certain crops.61-(Bad / Ripened / Well Rotten) fruit usually taste sweet.62-Many people were very hungry after the storm, some even began to (strive/ starve / stable / staff)63-(Signing / Processing / labeling / Predicting) the goods can help the consumers to decide to buy them or not.64-(Nature / Natural / Chemical / Chemistry) fertilizers are organic.65-Have a look at the washing instructions on the (labour / label / ticket / plaster)

Read the passage then answer the questions Our earth is one; but no be no means the largest, of the nine major planets which go round the sun. These planets are cold, dark bodies, shining by reflected light. They travel round the sun in their own paths. Two of them, Venus and Mars, have an atmosphere similar to that of the earth and it is possible that there is vegetable and animal life on these two planets but none at all the other six. Long ago, the earth was turning about four times more quickly than it is today, a piece of it according to some scientists, was broken off and flung into space. This piece cooled and formed the body we know as the moon. On the moon there are many mountains. There is no air and therefore no sound, not a drop of water nor any sign of life. The sun id an enormous mass of fiery gases. Through the telescope it appears as a round, white object with small black marks. These marks are called "Sun spots" and scientists think that the sun id torn by storms which are probably cause by cooler gases rushing in from higher levels towards the center.1-In what ways are Mars and Venus different from the other planets?2-How fast did the earth trun in the past?3-Is life possible on the moon? Give a reason.4-The earth is a- the largest of the planets which go round the sun. b- the only planet which go round the sun. c- not the largest planet which go round the sun. d- the coldest of all the planets going round the sun.5-Some scientists believed that a- the moon was part of the sun. b- the air on the moon is always cold. c-the earth is turning more quickly today. d- there is some sort of life on the moon.

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Translate1-Many people think that interfering with nature may have bad consequences we aren’t aware of at the moment. For them modifying genes should never been done. On the other hand, scientists see that the solution to many of the food problems lies in genetic modification.2- don’t like the idea of eating fruit and vegetable that have been sprayed with pesticides. The main reason for this is that pesticides can be poisonous. Therefore, I buy organic food however expensive it is.3-Our ancestors used to be food gatherers. They hunted animals and caught fish for food. They collected nuts, roots and fruits as well.4-Homesickness is quite common for people who always go abroad for their holidays or business. When one reaches a country, he feels happy for seeing the new places, a short time after his stay, he wants to go back home.5-A health and safety officer in a big company is giving new employees some important instructions about using computers safely. The computer can injure you eyes, back, and neck if you don’t use it correctly.6-One of the environmental problems is the slight rise in the temperature of the earth. As the world becomes hotter, there could e serious changes in weather and widespread flooding as water level in seas and oceans rises.7-Egypt is very rich in its human resources. The only thing Egyptian workers should learn is how to respect discipline and beauty. Negligence has become a main feature in our life.

المحاصيل؟- 1 فى الوراثية الجينات بتغيير العلماء يقوم أن األفضل من هل2. الزراعة- عرف عندما االستقرار فى اإلنسان بدأ3. الناس- بين كبيرا جدال تثير التى الموضوعات من الوراثية الهندسة علم4. المجاعات- بسبب الفقيرة والدول أفريقيا فى الناس من الكثير يموت5. وضارة- طبيعية غير وراثيا المعدلة األغذية أن الناس بعض يعتقدوراثيا؟- 6 معدل أنه نعرف أن بعد نتناوله الذى الطعام فى نثق هلمن- 7 عليها والمحافظة العضوية األسمدة بإضافة التربة نوعية على نحافظ أن يجب

التآكل.8. السلمية- األغراض فى النووية الطاقة استخدام الدول على يجب9. واإلرهاب- العف ورفض والمحبة بالسالم السماوية األديان كل تنادى

وسلوكه- 10 أدائه على تؤثر التى الضغوط من لكثير الحديث العصر فى األنسان يتعرض. واالجتماعى الشخصى

11. اإلنسان- صحة على للتدخين الضارة اآلثار عن أبحاث عدة أجري لقد

Write a paragraph of about 100 on What types of food that keep you healthy."

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GrammarQuestions tag

. كذلك أليس ومعناه الجملة نهاية فى نضعه سؤال هو المذيل السؤالShe is alive, isn’t she?They aren’t watching us, are they?

. منفية تكون األخرى فإن مثبتة األولى الجمل كانت إذا. مثبتة الثانية تكون منفية األولى الجمل كانت إذا

المساعدة* : األفعال احد الجملة فى كانت إذاis / are / was / were / can / could / shall / should / will / would / have / has / had / must / may / might

المساعد . الفعل نفس نستخدم فإنناThey will set off, won't they?

نستخدم* ( فإننا مساعد فعل الجملة فى يكن لم كانت) does / doذا إذا. المضارع فى الجملة

الماضى) .didونستخدم ( فى الجملة كانت إذاThey caught the thief, didn’t they?She works as an actress, doesn’t she?You speak English, don’t you?They didn’t wake him up, did they?

مثبت:الكلمات اآلتية تفيد النفى والسؤال المذيل يأتى بعدها Seldom نادرا Hardly بالكادScarcely نادرا Never ال Rarely نادرا Barely نادرا

He can hardly speak, can he?They seldom come here, do they?He never asks my advice, does he?

اآلتى **الحظ1-Let's ?shall we (اقتراح) Let us (إذن) will you?2-verb to do.

فعل* كان نستخدم haveإذا فإننا الجملة فى أساسى verb to doفعلShe has a car, doesn’t she?I have a bog flat, don’t I?3-imerative األمرOpen the door, won't you?Don’t open the door, will you?4-This/ that (it) بـ تستبدل5-These/ Those (they) بـ تستبدل

6-needn't / daren’t الناقص الفعل معاملة تعاملWe needn't take a taxi, need we?

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They daren’t come here, dare they?أساسى) need / dareتعامل ( كفعل اإلثبات فى

She needs to see a doctor, doesn’t she? : اآلتية األمثلة ادرس

1-I am coming with you, aren’t I?2-Let's leave, shall we?3-I'd rather stay, wouldn’t I ?4-Let us leave, won't you/ will you?5-You'd better stay, hadn’t you?6-Don’t speak loudly, will you?7-Somebody took my camera, didn’t they?8-No one helped her, didn’t they?9-Everything is wrong, isn’t it?10-Nothing is right, is it?11-Neither of them plays chess, do they?12-This is a monkey, isn’t it?13-I suggested we play games, didn’t we?

Choose the correct answer1-She didn’t arrive on time, (hasn’t she / doesn’t she / isn’t she / wasn’t she)?2-He's found my ring, (has / hasn’t / is / isn’t) he?3-They no longer believe his stories, (do they / don’t I / didn’t they / don’t they)?4-She has a flat in Giza, (doesn’t / hasn’t / don’t / isn’t) she?5-Ali drives very fast, is / does / isn’t / doesn’t) he?6-They had a big company, (don’t / didn’t / hadn’t / did) they?7-She wrote the poem herself, (didn’t / wasn’t / did / was) she?8-You didn’t like him, (don’t / do / didn’t / did) you?9-They'd better go to the theatre, (hadn’t / had / did / didn’t) they?10-I am in favor of women's right, (don’t / wouldn’t / aren’t / am) I?11-She had to complain to the manager, (hadn’t / didn’t / wasn’t / was) she?12-No one phoned me, (did you / did she / didn’t she / did they / did he)?13-Everything is well done, (do they / does it / isn’t is / is it)?14-He rarely provokes me, (does / did / doesn’t / isn’t) he?15-H'sd leave soon, (would / wouldn’t / will / hadn’t) he?16-Take care of the baby (don’t you / will you / do you / can't you)?17-This car is very expensive,(isn't it/isn't this car/doesn't it/is it)?18-I'd rather have some coffee,(hadn't i/hadn't you/wouldn't you /wouldn't I) ?19-He plays the guitar well,(doesn't he/isn't he/does he/is he)?20-I had a bath,(hadn’t I / hadn’t you / didn’t you / didn’t I)?21-He never gets up early, (doesn't he / does he / did he / didn’t he)?22-You should stop making noise, (shouldn’t you / won't you / don’t you / aren’t you)?23-It has stopped raining, (has it / did it / have they / hasn’t it)?24-I am playing with the piano, (don’t I / are I / am I / aren’t I / isn’t it)?25-No one came early, (did they , didn’t he / didn’t they / don’t they)?26-She has a nice blouse, (hasn’t she / doesn’t she / does she ./ do she)?27-He must stick to rules, (must he / should he / mustn’t he / needn't he)?28-Nothing is lost, (isn’t it / isn’t they / are they / is it)?29-They rarely talk to their neighbors, (do / did / don’t / aren’t) they?

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30-This is the most impressive scene I have ever seen, (is it /isn’t it / are they / aren’t they)?31-Everyone is coming tonight, (isn’t she / aren’t you/ aren’t they / aren’t we)?32-Nobody saw you, (did he / did they / will they / do they)?33-Sara and Ahmed are coming round for dinner tonight, (is he / did they / aren’t they / are they)34-Why not? Good idea. There's nothing much on at the local cinema though, (are they / aren’t there / isn’t there / is there)?35-I don’t want to stay in all day. Let's go and see a film, (shall we / will you / do you / can you)?36-It has been a wonderful day, (haven’t it/ hasn’t it / it hasn’t / didn’t it)?37-Don’t be ridiculous. Look at the price, we can't afford it. (can we / can't we / do we / are we)?38-You'd better tell him the whole story, (do you / don’t you / had you / hadn’t you)?39-Neither of the two men speak Arabic, (do they / didn’t they / don’t they / they don’t)?40-He rarely talks to strangers, (does he / doesn’t he / did he / didn’t he)?Find the mistake in each of the following sentences then write

them correctly1-Everthing is ready for the party, aren’t it?2-She always helps her mother, doesn’t he?3-Amir is a famous doctor, is he?4-I repaired the bike, don’t I?5-Let's go for a swim, do we?6-No one got into the lab, did he?7-He's wait for us, hadn’t he?8-She rarely gets up early, hasn’t she?9-I have an old car, haven’t I?10-He's supposed to join us, hasn’t he?11-Don’t touch the paint, do you?12-I didn’t find the key, 13-She'd finished washing, wouldn’t she?14-I am not interested in films, are I?15-She a mobile, hadn’t she?16-They can hear us, can they?17-Ali and Sara love each other, don’t he?18-Let us leave, won't you?19-We needn't write in red, don’t we?20-I am not an artist, aren’t I?21-Everyone thanked him, didn’t he?22-Nothing remains the same, does they?23-You'd send him a message, hadn’t you?24-Wait for me, don’t you?25-Don’t open that bottle, won't you?26-There are a lot of books here, don’t there?27-You have never tasted it, did you?28-Neither of you come on time, don’t you?29-I suggested we read, do we?30-I'd rather have some coffee, won't I?

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