Nomen________________Unit 1 reading guide

The following reading guides are designed to help you build your content knowledge for IB biology and to develop your ability to engage with complex, college-level texts. Please hand write your notes in your marble notebooks, and use the bullets below as headings in your notes (see example). Your teacher will check your notes at the beginning of class on the day they are due. As with all assignments, reading notes should reflect your own thinking and honest work. It’s never OK to copy someone else’s reading notes.

Set 1: Evidence for Evolution

Reading notes due Thursday, Sept 15Biology in Focus, pp 371, 373-379

Evidence for evolution from selective breeding and artificial selection

Evidence for evolution from homologous structures Mammalian pentadactyl forelimb as an example of homologous structures Evidence for evolution from the fossil record Definition of a scientific theory Example of observed evolution: soapberry bugs (pg 373) Example of observed evolution: antibiotic resistance in bacteria (pg 374)

Set 2: Natural SelectionReading notes due Tuesday, Sept 20Biology in Focus, pp 368-372

Definition of adaptation Importance of variation within a species Overproduction of offspring Difference in survival rates based on inherited traits Change in frequency of heritable traits Natural selection summary

Evidence for Evolution

Selective breeding and artificial selectionHumans have modified many species…

Homologous structuresHomologous structures are similar due to common ancestry…

Unit 1 Problem Set

Problem sets in IB biology are designed to help you construct your own study guides for each unit. Please hand write your answers in the space provided, and attach additional pages if you need more room. Problem sets are all-or-nothing, and are not accepted late. An incomplete or late problem set receives a zero. Problem sets are always due the day of the unit exam. As with all assignments, problem sets should reflect your own thinking and honest work. It’s never OK to copy someone else’s problem set.

I. VocabularyDefine twenty vocabulary terms from this unit. Choose the words that you think are most important.

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II. Structures and Diagrams – none assessed for this topic

III. Concepts and ProcessesExplain each process. Your answers should include, but not be limited to, the terms below. Underline the terms as they appear in your response.

21. Explain specifically how the fossil record, artificial selection, and homologous structure provide evidence for evolution by natural selection. (fossil record, artificial selection, homologous structures, pentadactyl limb)

22. Explain why there is variation among members of the same species, and explain why this variation is important to the process of natural selection. (sexual reproduction, meiosis, mutation, survive, reproduce)

23. Explain the process of natural selection. (variation, adaptation, overproduction of offspring, better adapted, less well adapted, different survival rates, reproduce, genes passed on, change in frequency of characteristics)

24. Describe the development of melanistic insects in polluted areas, and explain how this is an example of evolution by natural selection. (peppered moth, color, industrial revolution, soot, predator, survival, change, genes)

25. Describe the changes in the beaks of finches on the Galapagos islands, and explain how this is an example of evolution by natural selection. (finch, beak, variation, adaptation, survival, change, genes)

26. Explain how bacteria can become resistant to antibiotics. (resistant, genetic, survival advantage, reproduce, passed on)