UNIT 1. PLANET EARTHUNIT 1. PLANET EARTH David Pardos Grao . 4. THE GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES. P a r a...
Transcript of UNIT 1. PLANET EARTHUNIT 1. PLANET EARTH David Pardos Grao . 4. THE GEOGRAPHIC COORDINATES. P a r a...
UNIT 1. PLANET EARTH
David Pardos Grao
4. THE GEOGRAPHIC
COORDINATES.
P a r a l l e l s a n d Meridians: grid of imaginary lines that help us to find a place.
Parallels
Imaginary circles in an East-West direction.
There are 90 parallels in the north and 90 parallels in the south
Important parallels
Equator (0º)
Artic Circle
Tropic of Cancer
Tropic of Capricorn
Antartic Cricle
Meridians
Imaginary semicircles running in a North-South from pole to
pole. There are 360 meridians. 180 meridians en each part (east
and west)
PRIME MERIDIAN: Greenwich Meridian
LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE: INDICATE THE GOEGRAPHIC COORDINATES OF A PLACE.
Latitude: is the distance from a parallel to the
equator.
North-South. Parallels show latitude. It is measured in
degrees (º), minutes (‘), and seconds (‘’).
Its values go from 0º at the equator to
90º.
LATITUDE AND LONGITUDE: INDICATE THE GOEGRAPHIC COORDINATES OF A PLACE.
Longitude: is the distance from a meridian to Greenwich meridian.
East-West Meridians show longitude.
It is measured in degrees (º), minutes (‘), and seconds (‘’).
Its values go from 0º at the Greenwich
to 180º.
HOW DO WE LOCATE A PLACE ON A MAP?
We always need the geographic coordinates (longitude and latitude)
• Longitude is at the top and bottom of the map
• Latitude is placed in the right and left of the map
HOW DO WE USE SCALE ON A MAP??
• Map scale: it is a reduced representation of a real area. Scale indicates the difference between the size on a map and real world.
Types
Numeric scale is expressed as a fraction.
Numerator represents the distance on the map
Denominator represents its distance in real world
Units are in centimeters
Graphic scale
Bar looks like a small ruler
Numbers indicates the distance on the map and the equivalent in the real world
NUMERIC SCALE
1: 10.000
1= centimeters on the map
10.000= centimeters in the real world
GRAPHIC SCALE
HOW TO USE SCALE TO CALCULATE DISTANCES
INTERPRETE: SCALE 1:50.000 MEANS 1 CM
ON THE MAP IS EQUIVALENT TO 50.000
CM IN THE REAL WORLD
MEASURE THE
DISTANCE IN THE MAP
CALCULATE: YOU HAVE TO MULTIPLICATE THE DISTANCE MEASURED
BY THE DENOMINATOR
CHANGE CENTIMETRES
INTO KILOMETRES