Unit 1 Part I: The Government and the People. Civics The Study of the Rights and Duties of citizens...
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Transcript of Unit 1 Part I: The Government and the People. Civics The Study of the Rights and Duties of citizens...
Unit 1 Part I: The Government and Unit 1 Part I: The Government and the Peoplethe People
CivicsCivics
The Study of the Rights and Duties of The Study of the Rights and Duties of citizens of a communitycitizens of a community
GovernmentGovernment
The Ruling authority The Ruling authority for a communityfor a community
Why do communities need Why do communities need government?government?
To make it possible To make it possible for people to live for people to live together peacefully together peacefully
Thomas HobbesThomas Hobbes
Scottish political philosopher (1588-Scottish political philosopher (1588-1679)1679)
Life without government would be Life without government would be “nasty, brutish, and short.”“nasty, brutish, and short.”
What do governments do?What do governments do?
Provide LawsProvide Laws
Provide SecurityProvide Security
Provide ServicesProvide Services
Manage the EconomyManage the Economy
Prepare the Prepare the BudgetBudget for the Country for the Country
Guide the CommunityGuide the Community
Help shape Help shape public public policypolicy – the course of – the course of action to achieve action to achieve community goalscommunity goals
Types of GovernmentTypes of Government
Democratic GovernmentDemocratic Government
Rule by the people (majority rule)Rule by the people (majority rule)
Authoritarian GovernmentAuthoritarian Government
Government power is held by Government power is held by individual or group not accountable individual or group not accountable to the peopleto the people
Direct DemocracyDirect Democracy
All citizens vote to determine all All citizens vote to determine all issuesissues
Representative Representative Democracy/RepublicDemocracy/Republic
People elect others to People elect others to represent represent them in the decisions of a them in the decisions of a government with power government with power limited by limited by lawlaw
Constitutional Constitutional Monarchy/DemocracyMonarchy/Democracy
A government with a hereditary ruler A government with a hereditary ruler whose power is limited by law (whose power is limited by law (a a Constitution)Constitution)
Absolute MonarchyAbsolute Monarchy
Hereditary ruler had unlimited Hereditary ruler had unlimited authorityauthority
Dictatorships/Totalitarianism/AutocracyDictatorships/Totalitarianism/Autocracy
The government has almost total The government has almost total control over the people’s lives.control over the people’s lives.
Power usually taken by forcePower usually taken by force
AristocracyAristocracy
Rule by a upper class (Aristocrats)Rule by a upper class (Aristocrats)
TheocracyTheocracy
Rule by religionRule by religion
OligarchyOligarchy
Rule by a fewRule by a few
AnarchyAnarchy
Belief that best government is no Belief that best government is no governmentgovernment
Principles of American DemocracyPrinciples of American Democracy
Rule of LawRule of Law
All people are All people are bound by the lawbound by the law
Limited GovernmentLimited Government
The government The government can only do the can only do the things that the things that the people have given people have given it power to do.it power to do.
Consent of the GovernedConsent of the Governed
American citizens American citizens are the source of are the source of all government all government power power • Popular Popular
SovereigntySovereignty – – “The People Rule”“The People Rule”
Individual RightsIndividual Rights
Individual rights, Individual rights, even of those not even of those not popular with the popular with the majority, are majority, are protected by the protected by the government.government.
Representative GovernmentRepresentative Government
People elect People elect leaders to make leaders to make the laws and the laws and govern on their govern on their behalf.behalf.
Levels of GovernmentLevels of Government
National National GovernmentGovernment• The government of The government of
the entire countrythe entire country
State GovernmentState Government
Decides matters Decides matters for people in the for people in the state state
Local GovernmentLocal Government
Counties, cities and Counties, cities and townstowns
Closest gov. to the Closest gov. to the peoplepeople