Unit 1- Microbiology A. Timeline

1. Look for important occurrences

a. plaguesb. advent of the microscopec. Pasteurella pestis- Bubonic

plagued. Vaccinations- Jenner &

Smallpox

2. Biogenesis vs. Abiogenesis a. Living things can come from nonliving things b. Aristotle (600 BC) & van Helmont (1600’s) c. NO ONE discounted Aristotle!

d. Remember Redi and his maggots? e. Needham- response to Redi using the

microscope f. Spallanzanni- fixed Needham’s mistake

=BUT, eliminated “living factor” g. Who solved the problem?

-Louis Pasteur!

3. Bacteria are shown to move through the air4. Principles applied to health and infections a. Surgery & childbirth b. Concept of sterilization- heat @ 165 F. for 15 min.

5. Pasteur studies fermentation:C6H12O6=>C2H5OH +

CO2

(ethyl alcohol)

6. Microbes get classified: -Bacillus (rod) -Coccus (round) -Spirillum (spiral)

Bacterial examples:

E. coli

7. New discoveries become smaller and chemically specific8. Bacteria were found to be giving off toxins a. poison b. followed by antitoxins in 1840

9. Chemical means of “coloring bacteria-

a. Gram stain b. We’ll do this!10. Discovery of VIRUSES at

the turn of the century -(even though we could

not see them)

11. Discovery of the body’s immune system a. antibodies b. histamines- led to the discovery of….?

12. Discovery of antibioticsa. By….?b. method of discovery-

13. Viruses finally seen in the 1940s after the discovery of the_________________.

Bacteriophage