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What is Psychology?

A set of questions about mentalfunctioning trace back to philosophy

The scientific method

A product of history Dualism in philosophy

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The BIG Question

Is knowledge innate ?

Empiricism

Empiricism-

( John Locke)- Tabula

Rasa

Nativism

Nativism- is the viewthat elementary ideasare innate

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Foundations of Modern

Psychology

Rene Descartes ( 1596-1650)

How is man different from other

animals?Our minds control our body

( except reflex)

Charles Darwin (1809-1882)

Theory of natural selection (1859)

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Ignorancemore

frequentlybegetsconfidencethan doesknowledge

I think; thereforeI am.

CharlesDarwin

Rene Descartes

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A New Science is Born

Separated from philosophy in 19thcentury

Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) Leipzig, Germany

applied laboratory techniques to study of themind

Developed theory of Structuralism-Mind combines objective sensation &

subjective emotion

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If merely'feeling good'could decide,drunkenness

would be thesupremelyvalid human

experience."

What can Isay????

William James

Edward Tichener

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Behaviorism Debuts

Behaviorism- asserts that psychology shouldonly study behavior that is observable (scientific)

Emphasis on environment

Ivan Pavlov(1849-1936) Russian physiologist

discovered conditioned reflexes

John Watson( 1878-1958)

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While you are

experimenting, donot remaincontent with thesurface of things.

Ivan Pavlov

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Freud & Unconscious

PsychoanalyticTheory= emphasis onthe unconscious as abehavior determinant

Eros & Thanatos

-Originally controversial

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Dreams are oftenmost profound

when they seemthe most crazy.

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Behaviorism Flourishes

B.F. Skinner (1904-1990)American psychologist at Harvard

studied learning and effect ofreinforcement

behaviorism

Free Will is an illusion

Prominence in 1950s

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Education iswhatsurviveswhen whathas beenlearned hasbeenforgotten.

B. F. Skinner

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The Humanists Revolt

Humanism- Human beings havefreedom and endless growthpotential

Carl Rogers and Abraham Maslow

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The curiousparadox is that

when I acceptmyself just as Iam, then I canchange

Carl Rogers

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Cognition and Physiology

Resurface

In the 1960s and 70s emphasis onmental processes ( consciousness)and biological basis of behavior

reemerged.

MRI- PET Scan, EEG

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Evolutionary Psych Develops

In the 1980s and 90s Darwin'sideas resurfaced