Unit 1 Fundamentals of Chemistry Unit Review 2014

Each of the following review questions are separated by learning target. These are the types of questions you can expect on the Unit exam. When you feel you can fully understand each question below the target, check the box corresponding to the target.

Describe the three states of matter.

1. Identify a solid.

A) definite volume and no definite shape

B) no definite shape and definite volume

C) definite volume and definite shape

D) no definite shape and no definite volume

2. Identify a liquid.

A) no definite shape and no definite volume

B) definite volume and no definite shape

C) definite volume and definite shape

D) no definite shape and definite volume

3. Identify a gas.

A) definite volume and no definite shape

B) no definite shape and no definite volume

C) no definite shape and definite volume

D) definite volume and definite shape

Identify physical changes to matter and Describe chemical changes and differentiate them from physical

changes.

4. Which of the following are chemical processes?

1. rusting of a nail

2. freezing of water

3. decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases

4. compression of oxygen gas

A) 1, 3, 4 B) 2, 3, 4

C) 1, 2 D) 1, 3

E) 1, 4

5. Of the following, only __________ is a chemical reaction.

Unit 1 Fundamentals of Chemistry Unit Review 2014

A) crushing of stone

B) melting of lead

C) dissolving sugar in water

D) tarnishing of silver

6. If matter is uniform throughout and cannot be separated into other substances by physical processes, but can be decomposed into other substances by chemical processes, it is called a (an) __________. A) homogeneous mixture

B) element

C) compound

D) heterogeneous mixture

E) mixture of elements

7. A combination of sand, salt, and water is an example of a __________.

A) compound

B) pure substance

C) solid

D) heterogeneous mixture

E) homogeneous mixture

8. Which one of the following is often easily separated into its components by simple techniques such as filtering or decanting? A) compounds

B) solutions

C) elements

D) heterogeneous mixture

Identify the seven base units of the International System of Units.

9. Kilogram is a measure of

A) volume

B) mass

C) temperature

D) length

E) time

10. All of the following are SI base units of measurement, EXCEPT

A) second B) mole

C) kelvin D) gram

E) meter

Unit 1 Fundamentals of Chemistry Unit Review 2014

Know the commonly used metric prefixes.

11. What symbol is used to represent the factor 103?

A) n B) k C) μ D) M

Convert between the Celsius and Kelvin temperature scales.

12. The outside temperature is 35°C, what is the temperature in K?

A) 308 K B) 63 K

C) -238 K D) 95 K

E) 31 K

13. If a solution has a temperature of 255 K, what is its temperature in degrees celsius?

A) 123.9°C B) 528°C

C) 491°C D) -18°C

E) 355°C

Understand volume and energy as combinations of SI Units.

14. The width, length, and height of a large, custom-made shipping crate are 1.22 m, 3.22 m, and 0.83 m, respectively. The volume of the box using the correct number of significant figures is __________ m3. A) 3.3 B) 3.26

C) 3.26057 D) 3.261

E) 3.2606

Distinguish between mass and weight.

15. Define the terms mass and weight.

Identify and use conversion factors.

16. How many low dose 81 mg aspirin tablets can be made from 1.21 kg of aspirin?

A) 1.5 × 104 tablets

B) 1.21 × 104 tablets

C) 1.21 × 103 tablets

D) 1.5 × 103 tablets

E) 1.5 × 105 tablets

Unit 1 Fundamentals of Chemistry Unit Review 2014

17. 1 nanometer = __________ picometers

A) 1000 B) 0.1

C) 0.01 D) 10

E) 1

18. 1 picometer = __________ centimeters

A) 1 × 108 B) 1 × 10-12

C) 1 × 1010 D) 1 × 10-8

E) 1 × 10-10

19. 1 kilogram = __________ milligrams

A) 10,000

B) 1 × 10-6

C) 1,000

D) 1,000,000

E) none of the above

20. Use the method of dimensional analysis to convert between units.

3.337 g/cm3 = __________ kg/m3

A) 333.7

B) 3.337 × 10-5

C) 3337

D) 3.337 × 10-9

E) 0.3337

21. One side of a cube measures 1.55 m. The volume of this cube is __________ cm3.

A) 3.72 × 106 B) 2.40

C) 3.72 D) 155

E) 2.40 × 104

Understand density as a physical property of matter.

22. Metals expand to a larger volume when heated. If a piece of metal was heated, which one of the following statements would be TRUE? A) The mass of the metal would also increase.

B) The newly calculated density value would decrease.

C) The newly calculated density value would increase.

Unit 1 Fundamentals of Chemistry Unit Review 2014

D) The newly calculated density value of the metal would not change from the initial value.

E) none of the above

23. A popular science demonstration is to take several liquids that will not mix together and "stack" these liquids in a tall glass cylinder. Suppose the following three liquids were placed in the same tall, narrow glass cylinder: SUBSTANCE DENSITY g/mL

vinegar 1.01

motor oil 0.87

corn syrup 1.36

These liquids would stack in which order?

A) motor oil on top, vinegar in the middle, corn syrup on the bottom

B) corn syrup on top, vinegar in the middle, motor oil on the bottom

C) corn syrup on top, motor oil in the middle, vinegar on the bottom

D) vinegar on top, motor oil in the middle, corn syrup on the bottom

E) motor oil on top, corn syrup in the middle, vinegar on the bottom

24. A plastic block has dimensions of 2.2 cm × 3.0 cm × 1.5 cm and a mass of 12.4 grams. Will the block float in water and why? A) No, because the density of the block is 0.80 g/mL which is greater than the density of water.

B) No, because the density of the block is 1.3 g/mL which is greater than the density of water.

C) Yes, because the density of the block is 0.80 g/mL which is less than the density of water.

D) Yes, because the density of the block is 1.3 g/mL which is less than the density of water.

E) none of the above

Perform calculations with derived units, including density.

25. The density of silver is 10.5 g/cm3. A piece of silver with a mass of 61.3 g would occupy a volume of

__________ cm3.

A) 0.171 B) 5.84

C) 10.5 D) 644

E) 0.00155

26. A certain liquid has a density of 2.67 g/cm3. 30.5 mL of this liquid would have a mass of__________ Kg.

A) 11.4 B) 0.0875

C) 81.4 D) 0.0114

E) 0.0814

Unit 1 Fundamentals of Chemistry Unit Review 2014

Distinguish between accuracy and precision in measurements.

27. Accuracy refers to __________.

A) how close a measured number is to the calculated value

B) how close a measured number is to the true value

C) how close a measured number is to zero

D) how close a measured number is to infinity

E) how close a measured number is to other measured numbers

Calculate the percent error of a measured quantity.

28. An experiment to determine the volume of a "mole" of a gas was assigned to a student. He didn't read

the experiment carefully and concluded the volume was 18.7 liters. The true value of the volume is 22.4

liters. Calculate the percent error of the students experiment.

Report measured values to the correct number of significant figures based on the measuring tool.

29. The number 0.00430 has __________ significant figures.

A) 6 B) 2 C) 5 D) 3 E) 4

30. When the value 4.449 is rounded to two significant figures, the number should be reported as:

A) 4.4

B) 4.5

C) 4.45

D) 4.44

E) none of the above

31. The number 1.00430 has __________ significant figures.

A) 4 B) 2 C) 5 D) 3 E) 6

Unit 1 Fundamentals of Chemistry Unit Review 2014

Perform calculations with measured quantities, rounding the answers to the correct number of significant figures. 32. The correct result (indicating the proper number of significant figures) of the following addition is

__________.

12 + 1.2 + 0.12 + 0.012

A) 13

B) 13.3

C) 13.33

D) 13.332

E) none of the above

33. (0.002843) (12.80184)

0.00032

A) 113.73635 B) 1.1 × 102

C) 113.736 D) 113.7

E) 113.74

34. In which one of the following numbers are all of the zeros significant?

A) 0.05843

B) 0.143290

C) 00.0030020

D) 0.1000

E) 100.090090