Unit 1 Festivals around the world

Alternative expressions Words and expressions from the text

A lot

Something that causes hurt or pain

Make someone happy

Feel excited about something that is going to happen

Have a good time with

Usual way of doing something

Connected with farming

Old relatives who have died

Checking answer – I (2m)Answer keys for Ex.1 on Page 4:

harm

ancestors

agricultural

customhave fun with

look forward to

satisfy

plenty

Checking answer – II (2m)

Answer keys for Ex.2 on Page 4:

We think it has always been the _____ for people to have festivals. They are a time to enjoy each other’s company and _____________ our friends. We think that long ago people _______________ the celebrations. Our _________ would sit round a fire and cook _________ of meat to eat. Then they would be ________ with their festival.

custom

satisfiedplentyancestors

looked forward to

have fun with

Checking answer – III ( 2m )

Answer keys for Ex.3 on Page 4:

1. look forward to

2. in memory of

3. day and night

4. poet

5. daily

Checking answer – III ( 2m )

Answer keys for Ex.5 on Page 4:

1. given------

2. as if ------

3. be able to choose for ourselves-----

4. country------

5. game------

6. collected------

awarded

gathered

trick

nation

be independent

as though

New Words • happen, come about take place• a lot (of) plenty (of)• respect honour honourable• make sb. Happy satisfy satisfaction , satisfied, sati

sfying

• connected with farming agricultural agriculture• hurt harm• have a good time with have fun with• usual way of doing

things custom

• the cause of sth or the place sth comes from

origin original• to remember in memory of• wear, put on dress up• someone who writes poems poet•

• receive, get

gain

without others’ help

independence

independent

be independent

depend on• collect, assemble

gather

• presents you get after a composition

award • like very much, envy admire • people who believe in

Jesus Christ Christian• related to the religion religious religion•

• games that take you in tricks• in good spirit to do sth energetic energy• old relatives who have d

ied ancestor• everyday daily

Language Focus for Reading I

Revision of the content

• How many kinds of festivals does this passage mention? What are they?

• Ancient Festivals• Festivals of the dead• Festivals to honour People and event• Harvest Festivals• Spring Festivals

Part 1: Ancient Festivals

• 1. When did ancient people celebrate? Why?

• They celebrated when they had food, because they would starve if food was difficult to find.

• 1) starve : to cause a person or an animal to

suffer severely or die from hunger 挨饿，饿死 战争中数百万计的人挨饿至死。 Millions of people starved to death during th

e war.

2)starve for sth 渴望获得某物，缺乏• The homeless children are starving for l

ove.3) 感觉很饿（仅用于进行时）• When will the dinner be ready?

• I’ m starving.

• starvation n.

• die of starvation: starve to death

• starvation wages

• 不够维持基本生活的工资

• 2. Why do you think music and fire or light are used in festivals?

• Because they thought these festival would bring a year of plenty.

• days/years/…of plenty• = time when very many necessities, esp.

food and money are available.• 富裕的日子 / 年月 / 生活• You have a life of plenty. • What would you be worried about?• 翻译：祝你一生丰衣足食。

Part 2: Festivals of the Dead• 1. Why do we have festivals of the dead?

• To honour the dead, or satisfy and please the ancestors, who could return either to help or to do harm.

1). honour v. = respect sb. Will you honour me with a visit?如蒙造访，十分荣幸。honourable guests 贵宾I feel highly honoured by the kind things you said about me.

• honour un.

• show honour to sb ＝ show respect to sb.

• do sb honour/ do honour to sb

• in honour of

• honour cn. 带来光荣的人 / 物Liu Xiang is an honour to our country.

2). satisfy vt. 使满意Nothing satisfies him; he is always complaining.The government tries its best to satisfy people’s needs.satisfaction n. 满意、令人满意的人 / 物

satisfied ( 人 ) 感到满意的 satisfying/ satisfactory 令人满意的

The teacher was satisfied with his satisfying/ satisfactory answer.

你的工作让我很满意。Your work satisfies me. v.

I am satisfied with your work. adj.

Your work is satisfying. adj.

3). harm : a) n. damage, injury 损坏，伤害 do harm to … ＝ harm Smoking does harm to our health.反义词 : do sb good 翻译：早起对你没坏处。 do more harm than good 弊大于利If we try to solve the problem in this way, it will do more harm than good.b) vt. cause harm to The event harmed his reputation. come to harm 我要跟她一同去以免她受到伤害。 I will go with her to make sure she comes to no har

m.

受到伤害

• 2. What kind of things are done to honour the dead?

• clean the graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors; light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth; offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead …

1). in memory of = as a way of remembering

The monument was built in memory of the little hero.The museum was built in memory of the famous scientist.

in praise of in honor of in celebration of in search of

歌颂为纪念为庆祝为寻找

in memory of / to the memory of

他写了一首诗以慰亡妻。

He wrote a poem in memory of his wife.

memory -- memorize

n. v.

• 2)…lead the ancestors back to earth. lead sb to some place lead sb to do sth lead to: 引领；导致 lead / live a … life （使）过着… 的生活　请带我们去一个没有贫穷没有饥饿的地方。　 Please lead us to a place without poverty or starvation. 什么使得你以为我是这屋子的主人。　 What led you to think that I was the owner of this hous

e. 这将导致极大的麻烦。　 This will lead to great trouble. 在旧社会，人们过着穷苦的生活。　 In the old days, people led a dog’s life.

• 3) offer • He offered (up) a prayer for the return of his he

alth.• He offered me 2,000 dollars for the car.• They offered a new proposal.• He offered to help me with English.• They made and offer of 20 million dollars for th

e new plane.• Sum up: offer v. / n.• offer sth (for sth) 提供 / 供奉某物 (give to God)• offer sth to sb (for sth)=offer sb sth (for sth)

offer to do sth

提出

• 3. What do you know about Halloween? • Halloween had its origin as an event in

memory of the dead…. Children dress up and try to frighten people. If not given anything, the children might play a trick.

• 1) origin n.• original adj.• originally adv.• originate v.• originator n.

•

(2). dress up vi . 穿上盛装There is no need to dress up; come as you are. dress (sb) up in sth/ as sb 化装打扮Children love dressing up.She dressed herself up as a monster. dress vi 穿衣， 打扮Waiting for a moment; I’m dressing.She dresses well (on very little money.) dress vt. dress sb. in… It takes time to dress the baby. be dressed (in ...) （指状态） get dressed 　（指动作）The old lady is neatly dressed in black.

(3). play a trick on… 捉弄

The naughty boy loves playing tricks on others. trick 玩笑、 恶作剧、 诡计 do/perform a trick 玩把戏

Part 3: Festivals to Honour People• 1. Why does India have a national festival on

October 2? To honour Mahatma Gandhi, the leader who h

elped gain India’s independence. 2. What festivals or celebrations can you think

of that honour famous people or important events?

Can you find any other useful words or expressions in this part?

Part 4: Harvest Festivals• 1. Why are autumn festivals happy events?• People are grateful because their food is

gathered for the winter, and because a season of agricultural work is over.

• gather• The farmers are gathering crops in the fields.• The teacher gathered all the students on the

playground.• A group of people gathered to see what had

happened.• The police gathered information about the

murderer.

(collecting)

(make … come together)

(come together)

(collect / obtain bit by bit)

2. What’s the custom of Harvest Festivals in European countries?

It is the custom to decorate churches and town halls … and … Some people might win awards for their animal, …

　 (1). custom cn. 风俗、习俗So many countries, so many customs.Social customs are different from country to country.It is the custom (for sb) to do sth 做…… . 是一种习俗 / 惯例It is the custom for the Japanese to take off their shoes when they get into a hall.It is the custom for an Arab to stand close to his friend when talking. custom

habit

“ 风俗习惯”－社会或团体许多人长期 形成的习惯

一个人的习惯习性

(2). award n. 1) thing or amount awarded 奖金奖品she showed us the athletics awards she had won.

2) decision to give sth, made by a judge, etc 裁定决定the award of a scholarship 奖学金颁发决定

3) money paid to a student at university, etc to help meet living costs, grant 助学金玛丽没有申请奖学金的资格 .Mary is not eligible for an award.

award v. 颁发给予 / 裁定 award sth (to sb.) award sb. sth 裁判员判断决赛双方分数相同 .The judges awarded both finalists equal points.

3. What about the custom in China and Japan?People admire the moon and give gifts of mooncakes. admire vt. 1) 钦佩赞赏羡慕admire sb/sth (for sth)They admired our garden.I admire him for his success in business.2) express admiration of (sb/sth) 表示赞赏夸奖…难道你不想夸夸我的新房子吗？ Aren’t you going to admire my new house? n. admirer: person who admires sb/sthI’m not a great admirer of her work. admiration

Part 5: Spring Festivals• 1. Name three things people do at spring

festivals?• 2. What spring festival does Japan have?• Cherry Blossom Festival.• The country is covered with cherry tree

flowers so that it looks as though it might be covered with pink snow.

• as though/ if• It looks as if it is going to rain.• I treat you as if I were your mother.• He looks as though he were ill.• They behaved as though nothing had

happened.

• What is one important reason to have festivals and celebrations?

• People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other.

The last part: Summary

Language focus for Warming Up:

• Translation:• 我并不想伤害你。• 上课举手发言意味着你有认真听课。• 我打算让她去参加比赛。

to do sth 打算做某事 (intend)

sb to do sth 让某人干某事 doing sth./ that… 意味着…

1. mean

• 2. take place:

比较： happen come about break out

take place 指事先计划或预想到的事情发生 happen 指客观事物偶然或未能预见地发生 break out 仅用于负面场合 come about 中性词 赛跑将于明天举行。 如果他发生什么意外， 请通知我。 第一次世界大战是什么时候发生的？ *happen to 1. sth happen to sb

2. sb happen to do sth

Good bye!

Thank

you!