Unit 1 Famous Egyptians

By: Mr. Mahrous Ahmed Haikal Assiut – Sahel Seleem 01229603498

First Year First Term

Famous Egyptians

famous=well knownمشهورappearanceمظهرgeologistعالم جولوجياawardيمنح/ جائزةgeologyعلم الجولوجياdescriptionوصفastronautرائد فضاءdescribeيصفscientistعالمchemistryكيمياء

surgeonجراحNobel Prizeجائزة نوبلeducationalistميةرائدة تعليhistoricتاريخى

educationتعليمhistoricalمرتبط بالتاريخnanoscienceعلم الاشياء الدقيقةmedicinesادوية

headmistressناظرةprofessionalمحترفheadmasterناظرamateurهاوى

recentقديمtechnologyتكنولوجياhigh schoolانويةمدرسة ثfemto secondاصغر جزء من الثانية

reportتقريرlaureateحائز على جائزة .…the sameنفس الــــfeministنسائى

opportunitiesفرصfemaleانثىnearlyتقريباhealthصحة

aboutحوالىhealth problemsمشاكل صحيةWestern desertالصحراء الغربيةinfluenceيؤثر-تأثير

heavy rainمطر غزيرhard workingمجتهدquantityكميةpopularمشهور/ محبوب

collectيجمعaliveعلى قيد الحياةremote sensingاستشعار عن بعدnuclearنووى

space scientistعالم فضاءmillionthواحد على مليونdirectorمخرج/ مدير billionthواحد على بليون

expertخبيرceremonyاحتفالsatellitesأقمار صناعيةpointsنقاطunderground waterمياه جوفيةinstituteمعهدspace projectsمشاريع فضاءfriendlyودود

adviceنصيحة-Proبادئة بمعنى مؤيدadviseينصحdemocracyديمقراطية

rocksصخورactivistناشطsoilتربةwinnerفائز

layerطبقةpeaceسلامParalympicدورة العاب للمعوقينcivil rightsحقوق مدنيةdisabilityإعاقةphysicsعلم الفيزياء

championshipبطولةlegendaryأسطورىchampionبطل رياضىindependenceاستقلال

Weight liftingرفع الاثقالpresidentرئيس

Unit 1



Expressions تعبیراتmake it easierيجعلة اسهلwas awardedمنح

much betterافضل بكثيرreceive a prizeيتسلم جائزةat the age ofسن/ فى عمر heavy rainمطر غزير

work on a projectيعمل فى مشروعdo operationsيجرى عمليات جراحيةExamples:- A surgeon is a person who does operations.- He died at the age of ninety.= He died ……………………..- Dr Elbaz worked on the Apollo project.- Dr Zewail was awarded Noble Prize for chemistry.- A surgeon is a person who wdoes operations.

Prepositions حروف جرthank…..forيشكر علىlose toيخسر من

thanks toبفضلgrow upيتربى/ يكبر go on holidayيذهب فى اجازةland onيهبط على

different forمختلف لـــnote downيدونexpert onخبير فى \inمختلف عنdifferent from

famous forمشهور بـــimportant forمهم لـــsucceed inينجح فىfind outيكتشف/ يعرف

Examples:- Thank you for your help.- Thanks to Dr El Baz we found underground water.- Dr Zewail was born and grew up in Egypt.- Life was different for women from 1886 to 1951.- Armestrong was the first man to land on the moon.- Al Ahly lost to Al Zamalikk 4-1.

- Adjectives صفات beautifulجميلpoliteمؤدبbraveشجاعstrongقوىcalmهادىءexcitingمثير

cheerfulمرحfriendlyودودcleverماهرhard workingمجد/ مجتهد

helpfulخدومimportantمهمfitلائق بدنياfunnyمضحك

interestingشيقordinaryعادى

A good scientist\ player\ student should be…......., ………., …….……. and………...



Conjugation of verbspresent past p.p present past p.p

write یكتب wrote written influence یؤثر فى influenced influenced

win یفوز won won lift یرفع lifted lifted

fall یسقط-یقع fell fallen take یأخذ took taken

feel یشعر felt felt talk یتحدث talked talked

Definitions11-- aassttrroonnaauutt رائد فضاء

-- SSoommeeoonnee wwhhoo ttrraavveellss aanndd wwoorrkkss iinn ssppaaccee.. (( ssppaaccee mmaann))22-- ggeeoollooggiisstt عالم جیولوجى (( ggeeoollooggyy ة الصخور والتربة علم دراس )

-- SSoommeeoonnee wwhhoo ssttuuddiieess tthhee hhiissttoorryy ooff rroocckkss aanndd ssooiill..\\ tthhee eeaarrtthh..33-- hheeaaddmmiissttrreessss ناظرة (( hheeaaddmmaasstteerr ناظر )

-- AA tteeaacchheerr wwhhoo iiss aa wwoommaann aanndd tthhee lleeaaddeerr ooff aa sscchhooooll..44-- ffaammoouuss مشھور (( wweellll--kknnoowwnn معروف - nnoottoorriioouuss مشھور بسمعة سیئة )

-- KKnnoowwnn aabboouutt bbyy aa lloott ooff ppeeooppllee..55-- uusseeffuull مفید

-- SSoommeetthhiinngg tthhaatt mmaakkeess iitt eeaassiieerr ttoo ddoo ssoommeetthhiinngg..66-- mmeeddiicciinnee دواء- طب

-- TThhee ttrreeaattmmeenntt aanndd ssttuuddyy ooff iillllnneessss aanndd iinnjjuurriieess..77-- ssuurrggeeoonn جراح (( ssuurrggeerryy جراحة -- ssuurrggiiccaallllyy (جراحیا

-- AA ppeerrssoonn wwhhoo ddooeess ooppeerraattiioonnss aatt hhoossppiittaallss..88-- ssooiill التربة الزراعیة

-- TThhee llaayyeerr oonn tthhee eeaarrtthh iinn wwhhiicchh ppllaannttss ggrrooww wweellll..99-- ssppaaccee ـاءالفض

-- TThhee aarreeaa\\ ppllaaccee oouuttssiiddee tthhee eeaarrtthh,, wwhheerree ssttaarrss aarree..1100-- uunnddeerrggrroouunndd ((aaddjj..)) جوفى–تحت الأرض ( tthhee uunnddeerrggrroouunndd الأنفاقمترو == ssuubbwwaayy))

-- UUnnddeerr tthhee ssuurrffaaccee ooff tthhee eeaarrtthh..1111-- eedduuccaattiioonn تعلیم

-- IItt iiss tthhee pprroocceessss ooff lleeaarrnniinngg tthhaatt yyoouu ggeett aatt sscchhooooll oorr uunniivveerrssiittyy..1122-- EExxppeerrtt خبیـر

-- SSoommeeoonnee wwhhoo kknnoowwss aa lloott aabboouutt aa ssuubbjjeecctt oorr iiss,, vveerryy ggoooodd aatt ssoommeetthhiinngg..



Collocations give – gave – given یعطى

( give advice= advise, give medicine, give hands to = help, give lectures)Ex: My father advised me to study hard. ( give )

…………………………………………………………….Ex: We should always help the poor. ( give )

………………………………………………………………. play – played – played یعزف/ یلعب

( football, volleyball, chess, tennis , the piano, music, the guitar, ….etc.) score – scored – scored یحرز/ یسجل

( a goal, points ) take – took – taken یلتقط/ یأخذ

( take medicine , take photos, take part in, take rest )Ex: Students should participate\ share in school activities. ( take )

………………………………………………………………………………………

Language Notes

Ex: Nabawiya Musa was the first Egyptian woman to go to high school.

Ex: A pen is used to write\ for writing.

discover- discovered- discovered Ex: Dr Zewail discovered the femto second. invent- invented- invented

Ex: John Bird invented the television. explore- explored- explored

Ex: Scientists want to explore the Universe. Loser + lose to + winner یخسر من = Winner + beat + Loser یھزم

Ex: ItalylosttoBrazil2-1. (beat)……………………………………………………………….

* S + be + the first … to + inf.

* S is\are + used to + inf. * S + is \ are + used for + V-ing



Nabawiya Musa : ( early 20th century feminist / educationalist )Nabawiya Musa is famous because she was the first Egyptian woman to go to high

school. When she became older she helped other women to succeed in education and work. In 1908, shewrote a book about girls’ education. Later she became the headmistress of Al-Mohammadia school for girls’.

Dr Mostafa El-Sayed : ( scientist )

Dr Mostafa El-Sayed is one of the most famous scientists in the world. He is a scientist andnanoscience researcher. He often writes in science magazines. His son is an important surgeon and hewants to use his father’s work to help people. Dr Mostafa El-Sayed studies the smallest parts of things.Surgeons don’t usually see such small things, so his work can be very useful in medicine.

-

Thank you Dr Farouk El-BazItonlyrainsevery20-50years in the Western Desert.However, two million years ago, very heavy rain fell thereand a huge quantity of water collected under the

desert sand. Today, we need this water and the person we have to thank forfinding it is one of Egypt's most famous men, Dr Farouk El-Baz.Remote sensing

Dr Farouk El-Baz, who is a space scientist and a geologist, is the Directorof Remote Sensing at Boston University in the USA. He is the world's greatestexpert in remote sensing: the use of satellites to find water under deserts.Underground water was found in the Western Desert and in Sinai thanks tophotographs which he took from satellites.Space projects

From 1967 to 1973, Dr El-Baz, worked on the American Apollo spaceproject, which landed men on the moon. He gave advice on where theastronauts should land, and told them how to collect rocks and soil on themoon. Dr EI-BazwasborninZagazigin1938andwaseducatedatAin Shams University.

Women’s education and healthNot many girls went to school in Egypt in the early twentieth century. Now it is

very different. There are nearly as many girls in secondary education as boys, and many girlsstudy at university too. About 20 % of people who work in Egypt are women.Women’s health is also much better today. A recent report says that fewer children andmothers have health problems than they did 100 years ago. In 1960, most women liveduntil they were about 47. Today, most women live to be older than 75.

Listening

Reading



Dr. Ahmed ZewailAhmed Zewail was bornin1946inEgyptwherehegrew up. He went to

Alexandria University. He finished hisstudiesintheUnitedStatesIn1974.Afterthis; Dr Zewail worked at the UniversityofCalifornia.In1976hebecame aprofessor at the California InstituteofTechnology.In1997, attheageof52,DrZewail won the Benjamin Franklin Prize because he discovered the femtosecond, which is one millionth of one billionth of a second. Many scientists,students and important people came to the ceremony and saw Dr Zewailreceive his prize. Two years later, Dr Zewail got the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

Other world Famous people Zeinab Oteify:

A paralympic champion at weight lifting.She showed us we can do a lot of things even with a disability.

Samira Musa:She was a famous nuclear scientists.

Albert Einstein:HewonNobelPrizeinphysics1921.

Umm Kulthum:She was a legendary Egyptian singer.

Marie Curie:She won Nobel Prize in physics in 1903ShewonNobelPrizeinChemistryin1911. Mahatma Gandhi:

He was the leader of the Indian independence movement. Nelson Mandela:

He won Nobel PeacePrizein1993.He was former president of South Africa.

Words for translation

youthشبابprideفخرencourageيشجعfieldsمجالاتcreativityإبداعtalentsمواهبthinkersمفكرينtalentedموهوب

honourشرف/ يكرمnationsأممstateدولةgovernmentمةحكو



1- Why is Nabawiya Musa famous ?» Because she was the first Egyptian woman to go to high school.

2- What did Nabawiya Musa do when she became older?» She helped other women to succeed in education and work.

3- What did Nabawiya Musa do in 1908?» She wrote a book about girls’ education.

4- What did Nabawiya Musa work after writing a book?» She became the headmistress of Al-Mohammadia school for girls’.

5- Nabawiya Musa played an important part in education. Explain.» When she became older she helped other women to succeed in education and work.

In 1908, she wrote a book about girls’ education.6- Nabawiya Musa lived from1886 to1951. What do you think was different for women at that time?

» Women couldn’t go to school to have a good education.

7- What is the job of Dr Mostafa El-Sayed ?» He is one of the most famous scientists in the world.

8- What does ‘nano’ in nanoscience mean ?» It means very small things.

9- Where does Dr Mostafa El-Sayed write?» He often writes in science magazines.

10- What’s Dr. Mostafa’s son’s job?» He is a surgeon.

11- What does Dr. Mostafa’s son want?» He wants to use his father’s work to help people.

12- How can Dr. Mostafa’s work be helpful to surgeons?» Dr Mostafa studies the smallest things which surgeons don’t usually see.

13- What is remote sensing?» It is the use of satellites to find water under deserts.

14- Who is Dr Farouk El- Baz?» He is the world's greatest expert in remote sensing.

15- What did he do to become famous?» He used satellites to find water under deserts.

16- What should Egyptians thank Dr el- Baz for?» They should thank him for finding the underground water in the Western Desert.

17- What advice did he give astronauts when he worked on the American Apollo space project?» He advised them where they should land and told them how to collect rocks and soil on the moon.

18- Did girls usually go to school in Egypt in the early 20th century?» Not many girls went to school in Egypt in the early 20th century.

19- How many of the people who work in Egypt are women?» About 20% of people who work in Egypt are women.

Reading Questions



20- What is much better than it was 100 years ago?» Women’s health is much better today than it was 100 years ago.

21- How much longer do women live today than they did in 1960?» In 1960, most women lived until they were 47. Today, most women live to be older than 75.

22- How is life different for girls today than it was for your grandmother when she was young?» Today girls have better education and enjoy a better health.

23- Why do you think women’s health is better today than 100 years ago?» Because of the advances in medical treatment.

24- “Boys and girls are all born the same, so we should all have the same opportunities.”Do you agree? Why? Why not?

» Yes, I agree because women are equal to men.

25- When and Where was Ahmed Zewail born ?» In 1946, in Egypt.

26- Where did he study ? Where did he finish his studies ?» He studied in Alexandria University. He finished his studies in the United States.

27- When and where did he became a professor ?» In 1976 at the California Institute of Technology.

28- When and why did he win the Benjamin Franklin Prize ?» In 1997, at the age of 52. Because he discovered the femto second.

29- What is the femto second ?» It is one millionth of one billionth of a second.

30- What did Dr Zewail get the Nobel Prize for ?» He got the Nobel Prize for Chemistry.

31- How can scientists like Dr El-Baz change lives of people?» They can help people to find water, oil and metals under deserts. Water will change the deserts

into green land. Oil and metals are important for industry.30- What qualities can make such great scientists like Dr El-Baz ?

» A successful scientist must be hard-working, intelligent, clever, careful and knowledgeable.31- Can these qualities make sports stars like Zeinab Oteify, as well?

» Yes. A sports star must be hard working, clever, intelligent, patient, careful and train hard every day.32-What can great scientists and sports stars give back to their countries?

» First, their countries are proud of them. They set examples to young people. And they can helptheir countries each in his field.

33- Should all successful people give something back to society?» Yes. Because they grow up, educated and became successful with the help of the society.

34- Why do you like Zeinab Oteify? How has she influenced you?» She showed me we can do a lot of things even with a disability.

35-What do you know about Zeinab Oteify?» She is a famous Egyptian paralympic champion at weight lifting.

Creative Questions



Formation I , we , you , they , inf

He , she , it , verb + s / es- I play foot ball. – The boys go to school.- We get up early. - Hala eats fish.

Notice( o – sh – ch – x – ss )es

wash ------ washes go -------- goes Yies

Carry ---------- carries study ---------- studiesY)a – e – i – o – u(s

Stay ---------- stays buy ------------- buys play--------------plays

Usage 1- Habit

Ex: Wael drinks tea in the morning.Ex: I go to the cinema twice a month.

2- Stated fact Ex: The sun rises in the east.

Ex: Water boilsat100c3- A fact that lasts for a long time

Ex: Hani lives in Assiut .Ex: I hate dogs .

Questions Question word + do / does + subject + Inf …… ?

does / do Ex: Where does Ali go in the morning ? - He goes to school .Ex: What do you play ? - I play football .

Does / DoYesNo Ex: Does Hassan like football- Yes, he does. – No, he does not.

The present Simple Tense



Negative form Subject + don't / doesn't + inf

Ex: She plays tennis She doesn't play tennisEx: I go to the theatre I don't go to the theatre

never Ex: Ahmed doesn't study English = Ahmed never studies English

Key wordsNever أبداً Usually عادة Always دائماً

Often غالباً Rarely نادراً Sometimes أحیاناً

seldom نادراً Frequently الباًغ Occasionally من حین لآخر

Ex: He usually visits his uncle.Ex: She always smiles.

verb To Be Ex: He is always happy .

Every ----------- every day / week ……….Once twice three times a day– a week

Passive Voice

Object + am / is / are + p.p.

He cleans the room every day. ( The )- The room is cleaned every day . She doesn't water the plants. ( The )

- The plants aren't watered . Structures to describe a present habit عادة فى المضارعتعبیرات تدل على ال subject + always \ usually + present verb It is + name's / + habit to + Inf subject + am / is / are + in the habit of + v – ing- subject + am / is / are + used to + v – ing1- She usually drinks tea .2- It is her habit to drink tea .3- She is in the habit of drinking tea .4- She is used to drinking tea.



Subject + second form of the verb

Formation

- I played chess yesterday .- The pharaohs built the pyramids thousands years ago. Usage Past actions - The boys broke the window . describe actions in a story - The thief opened the door, went inside and took the money…. past habit - In the past, people travelled on camels.

s + used to + Inf

- In the past , people used to travel on camels .…any more\doesn’t + Inf. + any longer\= S. + don’tS + used to + Inf. = S + no longer + verb

Ahmed used to smoke. = Ahmed no longer smokes.= He doesn’t smoke any longer. Questions

Question word + did + subject +Inf ……. ?did

- Where did Ali go yesterday ? - He went to the cinema .DidYesNo

Did you visit London ? - Yes , I did No , I didn'tNegative form

He went abroad X He didn't go abroad .Key wordsLast …. In the past yesterday

Formerly once Once upon the time in 1995period of time+ ago from…..to…….Passive voice

Object + was / were + p.p. Hassan broke the vase . ( The )- The vase was broken by Hassan . Dalia didn't close the window . ( wasn't )- The window wasn't closed .

The Past Simple Tense



NoticeWhen did…....? = How long ago did……..?

When did you arrive ? = How long ago did you arrive ?

Structures to describe a past habit تعبیرات تدل على العادة فى الماضى Subject + past verb Subject + used to + Inf. It was + name's / + habit to + Inf. Subject + was / were + in the habit of + v-ing1- Ali walked a mile every day in the past .2- Ali used to walk a mile every day in the past .3- It was Ali's habit to walk a mile every day …….4- Ali was in the habit of walking a mile …….

Rewrite1- Ali gets up at dawn . ( It )

…………………………………………………………………………….2- Noha doesn't do the shopping . ( never )

……………………………………………………………………….……..3- Aliaa is in the habit of watching TV in the evening . ( usually )

……………………………………………………………………………….4- I met Ali last month . ( ago )

………………………………………………………………………………5- He drank milk when he was young . ( drink )

………………………………………………………………………….….6- She used to smoke . ( no longer ) (any longer)

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

7- Rami finished his education at the age of twenty-three. ( when )………………………………………………………………………………

8- Mona is used to wearing jeans. ( habit )………………………………………………………………………….……

9- When did you finish your homework? ( How…….?)…………………………………………………………………………………

10- He is lazy all the time. ( always )…………………………………………………………………………………..

11- He never comes late. ( is )……………………………………………………………………………………

12- Egypt beat Brazil 4-1. ( lost to )……………………………………………………………………………………..



1) Finish the following dialogue :Salma and Fatma are talking about Naguib Mahfouz .

Salma : What are you reading ?Fatma : It's a very nice novel .Salma : Really ? ……………………………………… ?Fatma : Naguib Mahfouz .Salma : ………………………………………………… ?Fatma : Yes, he wrote many other novels .Salma : It sounds he's a great writer .Fatma : Of course . ……………………………………..Salma : Nobel Prize ! …………………………………………………. ?Fatma : Ok . When I have finished it , I'll lend it to you .

2) Choose the correct answer :1- Dr Mostafa El-Sayed is a famous (geologist–scientist–archaeologist –educationlist), He works in science2- Because of his scientific achievement, Dr El-Baz has become (nation– national - international –internationality ) famous .

3- Nabawia Musa was the ( head master – director – manager – head mistress ) of a girls' school .4- Thanks ( for – to – from – on ) satellites, scientists found underground water in Sinai .5- Being ( beautiful – slow – funny – brave ) is one of the most important qualities of a policeman .6- Teachers ( influence–hate–dislike–ignore ) their pupils very much. They have an effect on their behaviour .7- Dr El-Baz is the world's greatest expert ( of – at – in – out ) remote sensing .8- Dr Zewail grew ( on – out of – up – into ) in Egypt .9- He is a ( teacher – surgeon – headmistress – archaeologist) .He does operations.10- He (rarely – often – always – usually) goes out. He is busy working all the time.11- The moon ( orbit – orbits – orbited – is orbiting ) the earth .12- How often ( have – do – are – had ) you go to the cinema a week ?13- He left for Paris two days ( for – ago – since – till )14- They used to ( driven – drove – driving – drive ) fast .15- When the sun sets, day ( ends – ended – end – ending )16- Our car ( broke – breaks – broken – breaking ) down and we had to walk three Kilometers .17- Please note ( on – for – down – out ) some facts about your town .18- I like tennis so much because it is (boring – bored – enjoyable –uninteresting)19- ( Terrible – Useful – Famous- Clever ) means something that makes it easier to do something.20- In 1968, Neil Armstrong (walking – walks – walked – walk) on the moon .21- A ( novelist – biologist – journalist – geologist ) is someone who studies soil and rocks .22- Emad ( gave – scored – earned – played ) a goal for his team yesterday



23- I'm happy as the news ( is – are – has – have ) wonderful .24- Naguib Mahfouz is a great (biologist – novelist – journalist – archaeologist)25- When I went on holiday, I always (took – take – am taking – have taken) a lot of photographs .26- Plants grow very quickly in the rich ( rocks – soil – sand – moon )27- Lazy students usually ( fails – fail – failed – failing ) in their tests .28- There ( is – are – was – were ) once a tree here .29- The American Apollo space project ( walked – landed – ran – touched ) on the moon.30- We can use the ( secret – hidden – buried – underground ) water to reclaim our vast desert.31- Remote ( discovering – sensing – finding – inventing ) enables geologists to find out oil reserves.32- Columbus ( caught – bought – invented – discovered ) America .33- They attended the ( quiz – competition – ceremony – park ) and saw Dr Zewail receive his prize .34- Someone who travels in a spacecraft is (a geologist – an archaeologist –a teacher – an astronaut )35- There are very big (school – statues – streets – stones) of the pharaohs at Luxor36- Zeinab Oteify is a famous Egyptian paralympic champion at (weight lifting –cycling –jumping –cricket).37- ( Did – Do – Was – Does ) he see them yesterday ?38- When ( do – will – did – have ) you read that book yesterday ?39- I ( am – was – have seen – will be ) hungry, so I ate some bread and cheese .40- What time ( did – does – do – will ) your father arrive at work every morning ?41- He ( doesn't – didn't – never – won't ) gets up early .42- (A biologist – A biographer – A geologist – An astronomer) studies rocks and minerals.43- ( Modern – Ancient – Patient – Huge ) means very old .44- Dr El-Baz was ( born – borne – bear – bearing ) in Zagazig .45- Dr El-Baz is the ( director – direction – direct – directory ) of Remote sensing at Boston University .46- He lives in a ( near – big – remote – small ) village. We can't go there easily.47- ( Atmosphere – Gas – Space – Air ) is the area outside the earth's atmosphere .48- The (floor – ground – soil – space) is the layer on the earth in which plants grow49- The story ( wrote – was written – is written – was writing ) long ago .50- How often ( do you go – were you going – you go – have you gone ) to the dentist ?51- We often ( is having – has had – have – has had ) breakfast at 7 o'clock52- How ( often – long – far – many ) do you go to the library? - once a week53- The (astronaut – pilot – archaeologist – expert) of our flight to London was so clever .54- Rain rarely ( fills – feels – falls – flies ) in the Western Desert .55- Handicapped people take part in (Lympic – Olympiad – Paralympic – Olympic) championships.

3) Rewrite1- I last saw Heba in 2002 . ( ago )

2- He comes late at all times . ( always )

3- It's my habit to visit my parents on Sundays . ( always )



4- What is the meaning of this word ? ( does )

5- When I was in Tanta, I worked in a factory . ( used to )

6- He used to smoke 20 cigarettes . ( no longer )

7- I went to the Zoo last month . ( ago )

8- A beaker is used to hold liquids . ( holding )

9- My sister never goes shopping . ( not )

10- He was in the habit of smoking . ( used to )

11- When did you arrive in London ? ( How long )

12- My mother cleaned all the rooms . ( were )

13- He always comes late . ( is )

4) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences :1. Nabawiya Musa was the first Egyptian woman to go to primary school.2.Dr El-Baz worked on the Egyptian Apollo space project.3. Injy is very hard-work and always does well in tests.4. Mrs. Mervat is the headmaster of our school.5. I felt much better after I took the illness.6. Professor Magdi Yacoub is a famous heart scientist.

) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following:7a) A famous modern Egyptian that you admire.b) Women’s life in the past and now.

Translation8) a) Translate into Arabic :- Boys and girls are all born the same, so we should all have the sameopportunities.

- Zeinab Oteify showed us we can do a lot of things even with a disability.b) Translate into English :

Prepared and designed by:Mr. Mahrous Ahmed Haikal

Assiut – Sahel SeleemSenior teacher

Sahel Seleem Secondary School for Boys01229603498



best known forمعروف جداً بــhideيخبىءprobablyمحتملdeafاطرش

centuryقرنdumbابكمnovelsقصص/ رواياتcharactersشخصيات

novelistقصصى/ روائى clarificationتوضيحPrison = jailسجنclarifyوضحي

factoryمصنعlife\livesحيوات/ حياة hard lifeحياة صعبةthe inside surfaceالسطح الداخلى

characterشخصيةchoiceإختيار/ خيار office clerkموظف مكتبىchoose\chose\chosenيختار

journalistصحفىfailيفشلreal nameحقيقياسمfailureالفشل

pen nameاسم مستعارdamagedتالفthe dark sideالجانب المظلمlinesخطوط-kindطيب/ عطوف heartedالاطفال العاملونchild workerscricket)حشرة(جرادة miserableتعيس / بائس hearthمدفأةparentsوالدينjumpingحشرة قفازةrelationعلاقة insectceilingسقف likeيشبه

roofسطح was rewardedكوفىءblindاعمىunpleasantغير سارdaughterابنةcrowdedمزدحم

togetherسوياinterviewمقابلة شخصيةemployerصاحب العملmoralعبرة/ مغزى employeeموظفnearbyقريب/ مجاور

crackيشرخ/ شرخ nearlyباًتقريplasterبوية سميكة/ جصة feluccaقارب/ فلوكةgrey-hairedرمادى الشعرfishermanصيادwell-dressedمهندم/ انيق passengerراكب

argumentجدال/ نقاش shareيشاركtruthحقيقةdebtدَين

trueحقيقىmainاساسى/ رئيسى tell the truthيقول الحقwarmىءيدف/ دافىء realiseيدركwarmthالدفء

shoutيصيحGreat Expectationsتوقعات كبيرةsurprisedمندهشRussianروسى



get into debtيقع فى الدينjumping insectحشرة قفازةً make toysيصنع لعب earn moneyيكسب مالا

go to prisonب للسجنيذهdo wrongيخطئwas born blindولد اعمىmake life easierيجعل الحياة اسهل

grey-haired old manرجل عجوز اشيبtell the truthيقول الصدقwell-dressed fatherمهندم/ اب انيقhide the truthيخفى الحقيقة

change thingsيغير اشياءhave a choiceلديه خيار

Examples:- He had got into debt so he went to prison.- He earns a lot of money by selling diamond.- My brother is always well-dressed.- He hid the truth from his parents.- Our Chemistry teacher is a grey-haired old man.- A cricked is a jumping insect which makes a loud noise.- Caleb had a difficult choice: to lie or to tell his daughter the truth.

hear ofيعرف/ يسمع عنpay forيدفع مقابلhear fromيتلقى اخبار منlook afterيعتنى بـــwork asيعمل كـــlook atينظر الى

work forيعمل لدىfall offيتساقط علىwork withيعمل معtalk toيتحدث لــــ

work outيفسر/ يحل hide….from...عن.....يخبىءowe….toيدين لــcrowded withم بـــمزدح

Kind ofنوع منkind toعطوف علىlive onيعيش علىgood toعطوف على

live inيعيش فىright forمناسب لـــborrow….fromيستلف منwant….to.....أن.....يريد

lend….toيسلف لـ/ يقرض belong toينتمى/ يخص Examples:- Have you heard of Charles Dickens?- The ceilings were cracked and the plaster was falling off the walls.- Caleb Plummer hid the truth from his daughter Bertha.- The cricket was living on the hearth.- The house belonged to a businessman called Mr. Tackleton.- Caleb Plummer looked after his blind daughter well.- I can work out difficult sums.- Caleb has always tried to be good to his daughter.

Expressions

Prepositions



Definitions11-- nnoovveell روایة (nnoovveelliisstt قصصى/ روائى )

- A story about people that are not real.

22-- pprriissoonn == jjaaiill سجن (ggoo ttoo pprriissoonn یذھب للسجن – sseenndd ttoo pprriissoonn (یرسل للسجن- A building where people who do something wrong are sent.

33-- ddeebbtt دین (ggeett iinnttoo ddeebbtt یقع فى الدین - iinnddeebbtteedd مدیون( - Money that you owe to someone.

44-- jjoouurrnnaalliisstt صحفى (jjoouurrnnaalliissmm صحافة )- Someone who writes for newspapers.

55-- cchhaarraacctteerr )–––(شخصیة- A person in a book, play or film.

66-- bbeelloonngg یخص / ینتمى (bbeelloonnggiinnggss ممتلكات )- To be in the right place or situation.

77-- cceeiilliinngg :: ) تراه من اسفل(سقف (rrooooff سطح )- The inside surface of the top part of a room.

88-- ccrraacckkeedd مشروخ (ccrraacckk یشرخ / شرخ )- damaged, with thin lines on its surface.

99-- eemmppllooyyeerr صاحب العامل (eemmppllooyyeeee موظف – eemmppllooyymmeenntt عمالة )- A person or a company that pays people to work for them.

1100-- ffaaiill یفشل (ffaaiilluurree فشل )- To be unsuccessful in doing something.

1111-- ppllaasstteerr جصة–طلاء - Something to cover walls to give them a smooth surface.

1122-- ttrruutthh حقیقة (ttrruuee صحیح / حقیقى )- The true facts about something.

1133-- rreewwaarrddeedd كوفىء (rreewwaarrdd یكافىء/ مكافاة )-To do something pleasant to someone because they have done something good.

1144-- CChhooiiccee إختیار (cchhoooossee \\ cchhoossee\\ cchhoosseenn یختار(- When you can choose between two or more things.

1155-- MMoorraall مغزى–حكمة (mmoorraallss أخلاق )- A lesson to be learned from a story.

Language Functions

Asking for clarification: :إذا اردت من شخص ما ان یوضح لك شىء لا تفھمة یمكن ان تستخدم الاتى

- I don’t understand. Can you say that again, please?- Can you clarify that please?



A talk about Charles Dickens :Have you heard of Charles Dickens? After Shakespeare, he is probably the most famous writer in the

English Literature. He is best known for his novels about life in the nineteenth – century Britain. Dickens wasborn in 1812 into a good family in Portsmouth, in the south of England. When he was still a young boy, his fatherwent to prison in 1824, because he had got into debt. Charles went to London to earn money for the family. Atthe age of twelve he was working for ten hours a day in a London factory. He saw how hard life was for poorpeople and many of the ideas for the stories of his novels and the characters in them came from this time.

After he left the factory, Dickens went to work as an office clerk, but he did not enjoy this. In 1834 hestarted work as a newspaper journalist. While he was working for the newspaper, he was also writingmagazine stories about life in London. Instead of using his real name he called himself Boz for these stories. In1836 Dickens married Catherine Hogarth. He went on to write "Oliver Twist" in1838 and"Nicholas Nickleby" in1839."David Copperfield"followed in 1850. In 1858 Dickens went to America to read his novels to people. "A Tale of twocities" in 1859, and "Great Expectations" in 1861.

In "Oliver Twist" Dickens shows the dark side of life in the nineteenth century London. He describes thelives of child workers and life in the workhouse, where very poor people were sent to live and work. Dickensdied in 1870. When he died, Dickens was 58 years.

The cricket on the hearth:A cricket is a kind of jumping insect which makes a loud noise. In this book, a

family has a cricket living on the hearth in their house. In the past, people thought that if yousaw a cricket, good things would happen to you, so the family in the story is happy to have itin their home. The cricket on the hearth:

Caleb Plummer and his blind daughter Bertha lived together in a little house. They made toys andtheir house belonged to the businessman who they worked for, Mr. Tackleton. Caleb and Bertha werevery poor, but Caleb looked after Bertha very well.

Bertha had been blind since she was born. Her father wanted her to have a happy life, so he didn'ttell her what their life was really like. Bertha didn't know that the ceilings were cracked and the plasterwas falling off the walls She never knew that everything around her was old and poor. She didn't realizethat her father was a grey-haired old man. She thought that they lived in a comfortable home; shethought that she had a well-dressed father and that Mr. Tackleton was a good employer. Because herfather was kind, Bertha was always happy.This changed one day when she heard Mr. Tackleton talking to her father. Mr. Tackleton was angry

and was shouting at her father. Bertha was sad and didn't talk to her father all day.Her father realized that she had heard the argument. “I have always tried to be good to you, but I

have failed," he said.Bertha didn't understand her father's words. “Bertha, I wanted you to be happy, so since the day thatyou were born I have hidden the truth from you. I have changed things, invented things and told youstories that were not the truth."“I havebeenreally blind,” replied Bertha. “I had never realized until today how kind and loving you have been."Caleb looked at his daughter. He was very surprised by her words. Finally, she said, " I have always

been happy, but now I will be even happier."

Listening

Reading



1) What is Charles Dickens best known for?- He is best known for writing about the dark side of life in London in the 19th century. His best

known novel is Oliver Twist.2) What pen-name did Charles Dickens use?

- He called himself Boz.3) Mention some of Charles Dickens's novels.

- Oliver Twist, Nicholas Nickleby, David Copperfield, A tale of two cities and Great Expectations.4) What kind of life did Dickens show in Oliver Twist?

- He showed the dark side of life in the 19th century London.5) What is a cricket?

- It is a kind of jumping insect which makes a loud noise.6) Where does the cricket live on in the story?

- It lives on the ceiling.7) What does the cricket mean \ symbolize for \ refer to in the story?

- The cricket means \ symbolizes\ refers to happiness\ good things.8) What did people in the past think about having or seeing a cricket?

- In the past, people thought that if you saw a cricket, good things would happen to you.9) Where did Caleb Plummer and his blind daughter live?

- They lived in a little house that belonged to the businessman who they worked for.10) Where did Caleb Plummer and his blind daughter make to earn their living?

- They made toys .11) For whom did Caleb Plummer work?

- He worked for a businessman called Mr. Tackleton.12) Since when was Bertha blind?

- She was blind since she was born.13) What was the relation between Caleb Plummer and Mr. Tackleton?

Mr. Tackleton was Caleb’s employer OR Caleb works for Mr. Tackleton.14) Why didn’t Caleb tell his blind daughter about their real life?

- Because he wanted her to have a happy life.15) How was the life Caleb and his blind daughter really lived?

- It was a miserable life. The ceilings were cracked and the plaster was falling off the walls.Everything around them was old and poor.

16) What truth Bertha didn’t know?- She didn’t know that the ceilings were cracked and the plaster was falling off the walls.

Everything around them was old and poor. She didn’t realize that her father was grey-haired old man.17) What did Bertha think about their life \ the life she lived and her father?

- She thought that she had a comfortable home and that her father was a well-dressed father.18) What did Bertha think about Mr. Tackleton, her father’s employer?

What was Bertha’s impression about Tackleton at first?- She thought him a good employer.

Reading questions



19) How did Mr. Tackleton treat \ deal with Caleb Plummer?- He was always angry and shouting at him.

20) When did Bertha know the truth about their life?What was the turning point in Bertha’s life?

- When one day she heard Mr. Tackleton shouting at her father.21) What was the truth that Caleb Plummer hid from Bertha?

In your opinion, which reality was Bertha blind to?- He never told her that they were very poor and that they lived a miserable life. Everything

around them was old and poor.22) Why do you think Caleb told Bertha the truth after his argument with Mr. Tackleton?

- Because he realized that she had heard the argument.23) Do you think Mr. Tackleton was a good employer? Why? Why not?

- I don’t think him a good employer as he treated Caleb badly. He used to shout at him.24) Is it always wrong to not tell the truth to someone?

- Yes. In some situations it is better not tell the person the truth because the shock can kill him.25) Give a situation in which it is necessary to not tell the truth?

- People who have incurable disease\ illnesses and that their life is short shouldn’t be told thetruth. Also in situations when we want to reconcile people together.

26) Is it right for blind people like Bertha to work? Why? Why not?- Yes, a blind person should work as work gives him\her the chance to live to give him\her the

feeling that they are living. They are part and parcel of their society.27) How can we make life easier for people who cannot see or cannot hear?

- We should tell them the truth about the life they live. We can help the blind by making them seethe world with our eyes and help the deaf to hear by our ears. We should help them to forget orovercome their disability.

28) How can we make life easier for people who cannot walk?-We can help them by buying them wheelchairs or walkingsticks. We can take them to the places they like to go.

29) In your opinion, what do you learn from the Cricket on the Hearth?What is the moral of The Cricket on the Hearth?

- It is always best to tell the truth and be kind.30) Sometimes people are forced to tell lies.” “Are you for or against this? Say why?

- I’m for this because in some certain situations it is better not tell the truth. For example, weshouldn’t tell an ill man that his illness in incurable and that he will die soon.

31) When did Bertha know that her father loved her very much?- When she knew\ discovered the truth about their real life.

32) What jobs can blind people do well, do you think?- They can be writers, poets, thinkers….etc. They can also do manual work like spinning.

33) What can we say about the characters of Caleb and Bertha?- Caleb and Bertha are kind characters.

34) What are the ways that make things better for blind people o roads?- We can put bells on roads we can also make them special side roads.



The Past Continuous Tense Formation

I, He, She, It, مفرد + was + v-ingThey, We, You, الجمع + were + v-ing

Usage1

Ex: I was doing my homework at 6 o'clock yesterday.Ex: I didn't hear the phone because I was having a shower.

2allEx: I was reading a book all day yesterday.

3

Ex: While I was running, I fell down.Ex: As she was cooking, She spilt the soup.

Ex: My father came while I was sleeping .Ex: Ali broke the vase just as he was cleaning it .

Ex: When the phone rang, I was having my breakfast.Ex: I was having my breakfast when the phone rang.

)لم یقطع احدھما الاخر. ( عن حدثین كانا مستمرین فى الماضىیستخدم أیضا للتعبیر - 4

Ex: While I was doing my homework, my mother was cooking dinner.Ex: Aya was sleeping while her brother was playing football.

ingا فعل بھ یاتى بعدھwhileإذا لم یاتى فاعل بعد - Ex: While walking in the street, I met my teacher.

nounنضع بعدھا Duringإذا استخدمنا - noun phrase , past simple\During + noun

Ex: During my sleep, I heard a loud noise .Ex: Ali was injured during the football match.

While\AS\Just as S + was / were + v-ing S + past verb) الحدث الطویل ( )الحدث القصیر (

Past simple while\as\just as Past continuous

When + past simple + past continuous)الحدث القصیر ( ) الحدث الطویل (

Past simple + when + past continuous)الحدث القصیر ( ) الحدث الطویل (

Notes

While\ As\ Just as + S + was / were + v-ing, s + was, were + V-ing

during )بعد ingلا یفضل ان یاتى (



The Past Perfect Tense - Formation Subject + had + p.p

Usage -1

Ex: I finished my homework. Then I watched the film.

Ex: I had finished my homework. Then I watched the film.

After, as soon as, by the age of + ( Past perfect ) ( Past simple )Before , by the time, By….., When + ( past simple ) (Past perfect )Subject + didn't + Inf. till , until ( past perfect )

:ولكن مع وجود احد افعال الانتظار فانھS. + had waited\ remained\ stayed…….till\ until + S. + past simple.

Ex: After I had bought my shopping, I went home.Ex: By the age of ten, I had learnt to ride a bicycle.Ex: When I arrived home, my dad had left.Ex: I didn't go out till \ until I finished my work.Ex: I had waited him till he came.Ex: By the time I arrived home, my father had left.

.ء مبررات فى الماضىویستخدم الماضى التام لإعطا) 2Ex: He went to hospital because he had eaten bad food.

:ویستخدم الماضى التام مع الروابط الاتیة) 3☻ S + had + no sooner + P.P…………………..than + S + past simple☻ S + had + hardly\scarcely\rarely + P.P…….when + S + past simple.

Ex: He had no sooner arrived home than he slept.Ex: He had hardly arrived home when he slept.

:ولكنھ عند البدء باحد ھذه الروابط فانھ☻ No sooner + had + S + P.P………………..….than + S + past simple.☻ Hardly \ Scarcely \ Rarely + had + S + P.P…when + S + past simple.

Ex: No sooner had he arrived home than he slept.

:الاتىویستخدم الماضى التام مع ) 4☻ It was only when + S + had + P.P…..that + S + past simple☻ It wasn't until + S + had + P.P ………that + S + past simple

Ex: It was not until he had built a house that he married.Ex: It was only when he had built a house that he married.

:بعد الافعال الاتیة فى الماضى البسیط وھىویستخدم الماضى التام) 5S……….found\knew\discovered\realised……S.+ had + P.P…….

Ex: When I arrived home I realized that I had forgotten my mobile at school.

After, as soon as, by the time, before, when, till, until, by + period of time



:ملاحظات ھامة على الماضى التام

.ingفاعل فانھ یاتى بعدھم فعل بھ after, beforeإذا لم یاتى بعد -1Ex: After doing my homework, I went out.Ex: Before going to the cinema, I studied my lessons.

as soon as + S + had + P.P\Afterبدلاَ من ng + P.PHaviیمكن إستخدام 2-Ex: After I had ironed the shirt, I went out.Ex: Having ironed the shirt, I went out.

as soon as + S + had + P.P\Afterبدلاَ من ing-On + Vیمكن استخدام 3-Ex: As soon as he had arrived home, he slept.Ex: On arriving home, he slept.

before + noun\afterان یاتى اسم بعدیمكن 4-Ex: After the arrival of the manager, we started the meeting.Ex: He had lived a happy life before the death of his father.

1) Write what you would say in each of the following situations:1. A friend tells you about a famous woman. You want to know about her job.

2. Your teacher says something in English. You do not understand very well.

3. A friend tells you about a book that he or she enjoyed. You want to know what advice the storygives you about life.

4. A friend asks you to help him\her with some homework. You are happy to do this.

2) Choose the correct answer :1- My brother is still looking ( at – over – for – through ) a better job .2- Dickens lived in the 19th ( century – millennium – decade – year ) .3- After Mai had received Hany's e-mail, she (sent – had sent – sends – send) him her reply .4- Having ( finding – find – found – finds ) his mobile, Sami told his father .5- ( Because – When – After – Till ) reading the story, I gave it to Salma .6- Before ( switches – switched – switching – switch ) on the machine, he had read the instructions .7- He ( doesn't travel – didn't travel – hadn't travelled – travelled ) abroad until he had graduated .8- ( Having – Have – Had – Has ) had her dinner, she washed the dishes .9- After ( had put – putting – put – puts ) my clothes on, I went out .10- By the time I got to the party, most people (are going – had gone – have gone – go) home .11- They didn't leave the shop ( while – till – when – during ) they had paid the bill12- She arrived at the station after the train (leaves – was leaving – had left – has left ), So she missed it .13- Samar was painting ( while – when – as – just as ) she spilt the paint on the floor14- ( On – When – Just as – As ) locking the window, I saw two boys fighting .15- What (were you doing – do you do – you were doing – are you doing ) when Gehan saw you ?16- Hady arrived while ( having – was having – had – have ) my dinner .17- Riham ( cleaning – was cleaning – cleaned – is cleaning ) the flat while her sister was washing up .18- Nada entered ( while – after – before – during ) I was making a telephone call



19- While I ( riding – was riding – rode – am riding ) my bicycle, Heba was having a walk20- ( During – While – When – As soon as ) her flight, Amany was nervous .21- Samy was playing tennis when he ( was falling – falls – fell – had fallen ) down22- The daughter of my sister or my brother is my (cousin – uncle – nephew – niece )23- I dream of living in the country away from ( empty – quiet – crowded – calm ) cities24- It is important for all children to have a good ( expression – education – cricket – debt).25- Plants grow very quickly in the ( soil – floor – roof – solar ) in our garden.26- A ( dentist – vet – surgeon – nurse ) is a doctor who does operation in a hospital.27- Our Society should look ( at – over – after – out ) homeless children .28- My father promised to ( punish – dismiss – fine – reward ) me if I pass my exams .29- A ( cricket – crack – mosquito – fly ) is a kind of jumping insect which makes a loud noise.30-Our teacher is a real (export–expert–geologist–astronaut ) . She knows everything about Egyptian history.31- We should look ( up – for – off – at ) blind people .32- Those who do something good should be ( awarded – rewarded – honoured – punished )33-Bertha is the main (person–character–personality–food) in Dickens’s story The Cricket on the Hearth.34- If you borrow much money, You'll be in (debt – comfort – excitement – happiness)35- I'll go to the club instead ( of – on – from – in ) staying at home .36- A (poem – report – novel – tale) is a long written story, usually aboutcharactersand events that are not real .37-A\An (employ–employer–employee–employment) is a person or company that pays people to work for them38- This film ( makes – draws – writes – shows ) the dark side of life in Cairo in the 1930s .39- Charles Dickens went to London to ( gain – earn – win – spend ) money for the family .40- A ( decade – millennium – fortnight – century ) is a period of 100 years41- Naguib Mahfouz was famous (from – for – of – on) writing stories about ordinary people .42- A (geologist – biologist – journalist – novelist) writes articles for newspapers and magazines .43- We cover walls with ( plaster – cluster – rocks – stones ) to give them a smooth surface.44- The ( secret – bottom – moral – word ) of the story is that it is better to tell the truth.45- We have no ( choice – choose – crack – tray ) in birth and death.46- After the cup fell on the floor, I saw that it was ( cracked – crept – grooved – creamed ) .47- Someone who writes reports for newspapers is called (an actor – a journalist – a teacher – a singer)48- Sahar is an honest girl. She never ( tells lies – tells the truth – tells stories – tells facts ) .49- No sooner (mum had – has mum – had mum – did mum) finished cooking than we ate .50- They had hardly done their homework ( than – then – when – while ) they went out51- I was not hungry because I (eat – have eaten – had eaten – have been eating) a lot of fruit.52- The doctor didn't do anything as the patient ( died – has died – was died – had died ) when he

arrived at the hospital .53- She went into the Petrol station because she ( run – has run – was run – had run ) out of petrol .54- During (watched the film – watching the film – was watching the film – the film), I fell asleep .55-(Doyou check–Had you checked–Have you checked–Will you checked) the car before driving it yesterday ?56- You must do it. You have no ( appetite – choose – desire – choice ) .57- I tried to pass my exams but I (succeeded – failed – felt – felled).58- This car is not mine. It belongs ( for – in – to – with ) my father.59- I saw spiders webs hung from the ( ceiling – roof – floor – ground )60-I couldn't see the match because my brother (watched–had watched–has watched–was watching) the film .



3) Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets to give the same meanings :1- While I was walking. I saw an accident . ( During )

2- When she opened the door. She saw her brother inside the room . ( On )

3- Nady made some mistakes while he was doing his homework . ( When )

4- During her run. She fell down . ( As )

5- While trying to open the door, I broke the key . ( While I )

6- While Hatem was having his breakfast, he heard a cry for help . ( During )

7- As soon as we had decorated the office, we moved into it . (By the time)

8- Before I traveled to Aswan, I had booked a ticket . ( After )

9- First. I cleaned the flat. Then, I watched the film on TV . ( Until )

10- Hazem felt tired while he was studying his lessons . ( When )

11- We went home as soon as the match ended . ( Until )

12- After the customer had paid the bill, he left the shop . ( Having )

13- I didn't buy the jacket until I had tried it on . ( After )

14- The boys were in the middle of a football game when the bell rang . (Playing )

15- He saw the Eiffel Tower while he was visiting France . ( During )

16- Asmaa arrived home. Then she slept. (No sooner )

17- After he had eaten bad food, he fainted. ( hardly)

18- He had waited for two hours before her arrival. ( till)

5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences :1- A crocket is a kind of jumping insects which makes loud noise.2- Caleb felt ashamed when Bertha told him how happy she was.3- If you lend too much money, you will be in debt.4- My brother gains a lot of money from his job as a pilot.9) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following:a) a story with a moral.b) a famous modern Egyptian.



Translation :10. A) Translate into Arabic :1- Don't borrow large sums of money or you'll get in debt .

3- It is better to be kind than to have a lot of money.

B) Translate into English :. لاحتیاجات الخاصة نجاحا عظیما فى كل أنحاء العالمحقق ذوو القد -2


hospitalityكرم الضيافةcorner stoneحجر الزاويةtechnologyتكنولوجياover populationزيادة سكانية

investmentإستثمارpopulationسكانinvestيستثمرpollutionتلوثnational incomeالدخل القومىsuppliesتامدادا/ مؤن

street childrenأطفال الشوارعhumanityبشريةincreaseيزدادhomelessمشردdecreaseيقلprogressتقدمis consideredيعُتبرluxuryترف

tourismسياحةshortageنقصtouristسائحneedsإحتياجات

terrorismإرهابprosperityرخاءterroristإرهابىwelfareرفاهية

Translate into English:-

-






brainمخpossibleممكنmindعقلtemperatureدرجة حرارة

powerقوةdigestionضمهpowerfulقوىdigestيهضمmemoryذاكرةguessيخمنrememberيتذكرholesفتحات

remindيُذكرballsكورPhotographic memoryذاكرة تصويريةdownwardsالى اسفل

immediatelyفى الحالlightضوءhide\hid\hiddenيخبئsunlightضوء الشمس

incredibleلا يصدقambulanceارة اسعافسيincrediblyبشكل لا يصدقgymصالة العاب

humanانسانseparateيفصلhumane= mercifulرحيمbreatheيتنفسout of dateقديمbreathنفس

list)اسماء(قائمة passwordكلمة سرmenu)طعام(قائمة modestمتواضع

read outيقرأ بصوت عالcalculatorالة حاسبةcomplex=complicatedمعقدspecialمميز/ خاصpainالمnormalطبيعى/ عادىpainfulمؤلمdamageتلف/ يتلف cellsخلاياlearningتعلمcontrolيسيطر/ يتحكمconcentrateيركز

sensesحواسdisappointedمحبطanalyseيحللsoundيبدو/ صوت

analysisتحليلquiteالى حد ماhurtبدلا من ذلكquietهادئ

send messagesيرسل رسائلfree timeوقت فراغreceive messagesيستلم رسائلimportantمهم

experimentتجربة معمليةimportanceاهميةdifferenceإختلافrepeatيكررdifferentمختلفgiftمنحة/ هبة

differيختلفcreatorخالقprobablyمحتملmiracleمعجزة



keep fitيحافظ على لياقتهgive adviceيعطى نصيحةstore memoriesيخزن ذكرياتmake a note ofيدون ملاحظة

make a listيعد قائمةtaste the differenceيتذوق الفرقget…rightستوعبيmake sureيتأكدfeel painيشعر بالالمby the end ofبنهاية

Examples:- Your brain stores past memories.- With your brain you can smell flowers, feel pain and hear your singer.- Make sure that you finish all the jobs mom asked you to do.- Grandpa gave me advice to study hard. = Grandpa advised me to study hard.

useful forمفيد لـــconcentrate onيركز فىterrible atفظيع فىshort forاختصار لـــgood atجيد فىcompared with\toمقارنة بــbad atسىء فىbe able toقادر علىpick upيلتقطbe capable ofقادر على

send…….toيرسل الىenable….toيُمكنreceive….fromيستلم منlook forward toيتطلع الى

take….outيخرجremind ofيُذكر بـkey toمفتاح لـــhelpful forمفيد لــ

Examples:- Ali is able to drive a car = Ali is capable of driving a car.- The mouse enables us to move around the screen.- Take your hand out of hot water.- I'm not good at remembering names.- Our brain sends messages to all our senses.- VIP is short for very important person.- Compared with computers, our brain is more complex.- Collocations

cclloossee –– cclloosseedd-- cclloosseedd یغلقیغلق( close a door, close your eyes, close an e-mail)

gguueessss –– gguueesssseedd –– gguueesssseedd یخمنیخمن( guess answer, guess a result, guess a meaning, guess age, person, place.)

rreecceeiivvee –– rreecceeiivveedd –– rreecceeiivveedd یتلقىیتلقى/ / یستلم یستلم ( receive a message, receive an e-mail, receive invitation, receive a present, receive a visit, receive a guest )

sseenndd –– sseenntt –– sseenntt یرسلیرسل( send a letter, send an e-mail, send greetings )

hhaavvee –– hhaadd –– hhaadd یتناولیتناول/ / یاخذیاخذ( have a shower, have a bath, have a rest, have a drink, have a discussion )

Prepositions

Expressions



Definitions11-- aannaallyyssee یحلل (aannaallyyssiiss - aannaallyysstt )

-- TToo eexxaammiinnee oorr tthhiinnkk aabboouutt ssoommeetthhiinngg ccaarreeffuullllyy ttoo uunnddeerrssttaanndd iitt..22-- bbrreeaatthhee یتنفس (bbrreeaatthh – bbrreeaatthhee iinn – bbrreeaatthhee oouutt )

-- TToo ttaakkee aaiirr iinnttoo yyoouurr lluunnggss aanndd lleett iitt oouutt aaggaaiinn..33-- cceellllss خلایا

-- TThhee ssmmaalllleesstt ppaarrttss ooff aanniimmaallss aanndd ppllaannttss..44-- ccoommpplleexx معقد (ccoommpplliiccaatteedd )

-- CCoonnssiissttiinngg ooff mmaannyy ccoonnnneecctteedd ppaarrttss,, eessppeecciiaallllyy iinn aa wwaayy tthhaatt iiss ddiiffffiiccuulltt ttoo uunnddeerrssttaanndd oorr eexxppllaaiinn..55-- ppaaiinn الم (ppaaiinnffuull - ppaaiinnffuullllyy )

-- TThhee ffeeeelliinngg yyoouu hhaavvee wwhheenn ppaarrtt ooff yyoouurr bbooddyy hhuurrttss..66-- ppoowweerrffuull قوى (ppoowweerr )

-- HHaavviinngg aa lloott ooff pphhyyssiiccaall ppoowweerr,, ssttrreennggtthh,, oorr ffoorrccee..77-- tteemmppeerraattuurree درجة حرارة

-- HHooww hhoott oorr ccoolldd ssoommeetthhiinngg iiss..88-- ccllaassss فصل دراسى

-- AA ggrroouupp ooff ppeeooppllee wwhhoo ssttuuddyy ttooggeetthheerr..99-- iinnccrreeddiibbllee لا یعقل (iinnccrreeddiibbllyy )

-- IItt iiss ddiiffffiiccuulltt oorr iimmppoossssiibbllee ttoo bbeelliieevvee..1100-- ppaasssswwoorrdd كلمة سر

-- AA ssppeecciiaall wwoorrdd tthhaatt yyoouu nneeeedd bbeeffoorree yyoouu ccaann eenntteerr ssoommeetthhiinngg oorr uussee aa ccoommppuutteerr..1111-- pphhoottooggrraapphhiicc mmeemmoorryy ذاكرة تصویریة

-- TThhee aabbiilliittyy ttoo rreemmeemmbbeerr ssoommeetthhiinngg bbyy llooookkiinngg aatt iitt..1122-- rreeppeeaatt یكرر

-- TToo ssaayy aaggaaiinn..

Language functions Giving advice إعطاء النصح

:اذا طلب منك اعطاء النصح لشخص ما استحدم احدى الصیغ الاتیة- You should + Inf. / You shouldn't + Inf.- You would rather ('d rather) + Inf.- You had better ('d better) + Inf.- If I were you, I'd + Inf. / If I were you, I wouldn't + Inf.- The best thing you do is to + Inf.- I advise you to…………



You have 100,000,000,000 of theseBrains compared with computers

You have something that is more complex than the most powerful computer. With it you can seeand smell flowers, remember holidays, feel pain, hear your favourite singer’s voice and think. This thing,which is in your head and weighs a kilo, is your brain.

How the brain controls what we doYour brain has about a hundred billion (100,000.000.000) cells, and controls everything you do.

It receives information from your senses, analyses it, then sends messages. For example, when you putyour hand in hot water, you think. “That hurts” and you take your hand out of the water. Your brainreceives the message, "Very hot" from your hand, then immediately sends a message back to yourhand, Take your hand out of the water."

The importance of all the sensesOur senses often work together. For example, try the experiment. Cut a piece of apple, banana

and orange. Close your eyes, hold your nose, then taste the fruit. Can you taste the difference betweenthe fruits? Probably not. This is because when you eat something, your brain receives messages fromyour mouth, eyes and nose.

Examples of what the brain can doYour brain also stores past, memories and this makes learning and remembering possible. At

the same time, your brain controls your breathing, your heart, your body temperature and your digestion.

It's important to guessWhen you hear a sound, your brain tries to guess where it is coming from. So, if you hear a

ringing sound and see a telephone, your brain may guess that the telephone is ringing. But if someonepicks up the phone and the ringing sound continues, your brain will guess again. Maybe it's a mobilephone or a film on TV.[[[[

Holes and ballsIf you look at the picture, you will see an X made of balls. Around the X are holes. If you turn the

picture the other way, you will see that the X is made of holes and around it there are balls. Why is this?Scientists say that our brains always think that light comes downwards, perhaps because sunlightcomes down. Now look at the picture again where is the lightest part of each ball or hole?

1- What is the difference between “brain” and “mind”?Brain is the organ inside our head that controls how we think, feel, and move.Mind is the part of our brain used for thinking and imagining things.

2-What five senses does the brain receive messages from?- Sight, hearing, smell, taste and touch.

4- How heavy is your brain?- It weighs a Kilo.

3- How does the brain help us to learn and remember?Why is the brain important in the process of learning?- It stores past memories and this makes learning and remembering possible.

Reading Questions

Reading



5- What happens when you put your hand in hot water?- Your brain receives the message "very hot" from your hand, then immediately sends a message

back to your hand “Take your hand out of the water " .6- In what way is your brain like a computer?

- It is more complex than the most powerful computer. It sends and receives messages. It stores memories.7- How long cells are there in your brain?

- A hundred billion cells.8- How does the brain work with the information it receives?

- It analyses it then sends messages back .9- How do remembering abilities differ from one person to another?

- Some people have powerful memory, some people have weak memory and some havephotographic memory.

10- How does the brain control all the body's functions?- It controls breathing, heart, body temperature and digestion.

11- How would life be different without the sense of sight?- We can't recognize colours, shapes or sizes, life would be hard.

12- Why is it difficult to taste different fruits if you hold your nose and close your eyes?- Because our senses often work together, when we eat something, our brain receives messages

from our mouth, eyes and nose.

13- Why do our brains think that light comes down wards?- Because natural light comes downwards.

14- Which sense is the most important?- The sight, without the sight we can't recognize colours , shapes or size. Life would be hard.

Writing an e-mail

Example:Write an e-mail to your friend Adel to tell him about your ideal person whom you admire most in your life.Your e-mail is [email protected] and your friend's e-mail is [email protected]

To [email protected] mahrousahmed77 @ yahoo.comSubject The Ideal person whom I admire mostHi Adel

How are you? I'm going to tell you about the ideal person whom I admiremost in my life. She is my mother. I love her very much. She always looks afterme when I am ill. She also cooks well. She is kind and helpful. She always smilesto us even though she is very tired. She is doing her best to make us happy. Indeed,she is the person who deserves my love and respect. What about you?



If + S + Present simple S + Present Simple

If + S + Present simple S + will\can\may + Inf

The zero conditional

The First conditional

The Second Conditional If + S + Past simple S + could \ would \ might + Inf

Conditional sentences

- If plants don’t get enough water, they die.- If you heat ice, it melts.

whenIf -When you boil water, it turns into steam.

- Metals contract when they are cooled.

Ex: If there is a drought, the annual rings of trees are close together.Ex: If metals are heated, they expand.

- If it rains, we’ll get wet.- We’ll see the whole match if we leave now.- If she works hard, she will pass the test.- Unless he works hard, he won’t succeed.

can / may\ should\ mustwill- If we have enough time, we can visit Ahmed.

- If you see Asmaa, give her a message for me, please.

ifAAss lloonngg aass,, pprroovviiddeedd tthhaatt,, pprroovviiddiinngg,, oonn ccoonnddiittiioonn tthhaatt,, iinn ccaassee

- I will go to the cinema as long as you go with me.

TToonniigghhtt,, ttoommoorrrrooww,, hheerree,, tthheerree,, tthhiiss,, tthhaatt- If it rains tonight, I won't go out.

- IfI had much money, Iwould buy a car. ( I don’t have much money so I can’t’ buy a car.)- If I were a bird, I would fly. ( I’m not a bird and I can’t fly.)

- If I were you, I’d see a doctorNote : If I were you = If I were in your shoes\place, I’d……



یمكن أن تحلWere محلIfبلا أى تغییر. ( فى الحالة الثانیة أذا كانت موجدة أصلا فى الجملة(

WWeerree ++ SS.. ++ nnoouunn……………….. SS.. ++ wwoouulldd \\ ccoouulldd ++ IInnff..Ex:IfIwererich, Iwould helppoor people. = WereI rich, Iwould helppoorpeople.

أما إن كانتWere غیر موجودة فى الجملة فإنھ یمكن إستخدامھا بدلا منIfولكن إستخدم:WWeerree ++ SS.. ++ ttoo ++ IInnff……………….. SS.. ++ wwoouulldd \\ ccoouulldd ++ IInnff..

Ex: Were he to know the address, he would give it to me.

یمكن إستخدامWithout \ But for \ If it weren't for بدلا منIf…..notولكن:WWiitthhoouutt \\ BBuutt ffoorr \\ IIff iitt wweerreenn''tt ffoorr ++ nnoouunn \\ VV--iinngg,, SS.. ++ wwoouulldd ++ IInnff..

Ex: If it weren’t for his encouragement, I would fail.

یمكن إستخدامIn case of + noun \ V-ing بدلاً منIf + S. + Past Simple ) إثبات.(Ex: In case of playing well, Mai would win the match.

یمكن إستخدامShould + S. + Inf. بدلاً منIf + S. + Past SimpleSShhoouulldd ++ SS.. ++ IInnff.. …………..SS.. ++ wwoouulldd \\ ccoouulldd ++ IInnff..

Ex: If he takes more exercise, he may feel better. ( Should )Should he take more exercise, he may feel better.

یمكن إستخدامHad بدلاً منIfاذا كانت فعل اساسى.HHaadd ++ SS.. ++ nnoouunn …………..SS.. ++ wwoouulldd \\ ccoouulldd ++ IInnff..

Ex:IfI had enough money, I would buy a car.=Had I enough money, I would buy a car.

if:.لنا جملتین تعبران عن حقیقة استخدم الحالة الصفریةاذا اعطى ) 1

Ex: When you boil water, it evaporates. (If)If you boil water, it evaporates.

.اذا اعطى لنا جملتین باحدھما او كلاھما احد تعبیرات المستقبل استخدم الحالة الاولى) 2Ex: I promise to buy you a tablet but get high marks. (If)

If you get high marks , I’ll buy you a tablet.إذا اعطى لنا جملتین فى المضارع فاننا نستخدم الحالة الثانیة ونحول المضارع الى ماضى ونثبت المنفى ) 3

).لاننا نعكس حالة الواقع(وننفى المثبت Ex: I am not a doctor so I can’t help you. (If)

If I was a doctor, I could help you..اذا اعطى لنا جملة واحدة وبھا احد تعبیرات النصیحة فاننا نستخدم الحالة الثانیة) 4

Ex: You should not smoke. (If)If I were you, I would not smoke.






1) Finish the following dialogue:Magdy: How did you feel when you first moved to England?Walid : (1)………………………………….. Everything was different!Magdy: Do you like English food?Walid : Yes (2)………………………………….. It's very nice.Magdy: Is it true that all English people are very friendly?Walid : (3)………………………….. Some of them are friendly, but not all of them.Magdy: (4)………………………………………………………………….?Walid : Certainly. What would you like me to do.Magdy: Can you show me your photos of England. I'd love to see them.

2) Write what you would say in each of the following situations:1- Your sister is asking your advice about using a vocabulary book.2- Your friend did badly in the last English test. What do you advise him to do?3- Modestly you want to say that you are good at English.4- You advise your friend not to watch too much TV.3) Choose the correct answer1- The doctor ( analysis – analytic – analytical – analysed ) the food and found that it contained poison .2- A ( passage–password–pastime–passport ) is a special word you need before you can use a computer .3- ( If – Unless – Without – Should ) your help, he wouldn't get the job4- If dinner is not ready, I (go –will go– would go –would have gone) without it .5- He ( will look – may look – would look – would have looked ) a lot better if he shaved more often .6- If I ( win – won – had won – can win ) a big prize in a lottery, I'd give up my job .7- If you (won't believe – didn't believe – don't believe – hadn't believed) what I say, ask your mother .8- Water (will vaporize – vaporizes – might vaporize – would vaporize) if it is heated .9- If I had no money, I (will borrow – would borrow – may borrow - would have borrow) some from you .10- If he ( fails – failed – had failed – will fail ) his father would be very angry .11- I ( would be – will be – would have been – might be ) very angry if he makes any more mistakes .12- If it ( rain – rains – will rain – rained ), streets get wet .13- If he needs a camera, he ( can – might – would have – would ) borrow mine .14- Steam condenses if it ( was – were – is – been ) cooled .15- He ( said – sent – told – received ) her a letter a week ago .16- I've just ( sent–moved–heard– received ) an e-mail from my friend in Japan. He is visiting me next year .17- If you concentrate ( in – at – on – for ) your studies, you will get high marks .18- She promised to buy me a watch if I (made –did –helped –failed) well at school.19- I'll go to the cinema with you if I have (free – no – busy – not) time.20- He wanted a (recently – recent – soon – lately) photo.21- The ( tongue – eye – brain – train ) controls everything man does .22- Normal human body (temperature – heat – breathe – heating) is usually 37ْc23- He lost his ( smell – eyesight – touch – hearing ) during his childhood and become blind .



24- We should ( do – make – play – mend ) sure of the answers .25- ( Photo–Photograph–Photographic–Paragraph ) memory means to be able to remember something by looking at it .26- The human brain has about 100 billion ( sales – sells – cells – calls ) .27- Noura sent me a (camera – message – letter – fax) through the internet .28- ( Cellars – calls – callers – cells ) are the smallest parts of animals and plants .29- She has an ( incredible – incredibly – increase – interested ) memory .30- If water is heated, It ( boiled – would boil – boil – boils )31- I can't see if I ( mustn't – didn't – won't – don't ) wear my glass .32- If you hear any news, (can –would –should – could) you let me know immediately?33- You won't get there on time ( if – unless – without – in case of ) you hurry .34- Without ( read–have read–reading–is reading ) the questions carefully, You couldn't answer them correctly .35- Unless I ( has – have had – have – had had ) enough money, I'll borrow some from you .36- He will get high marks if he ( is – was – were – are ) clever .37- ( Without – If – Unless – In case of ) a proper plan, you can't reach your goals38- It will be very ( pain – painful – painfully – pains ) if you put your hand in hot water .39- My mother sometimes helps me (in – with – from – on) my homework.40- To pass your tests, do ( well – good – bad – badly ) at school .41- ( Sunlight – Electric light – Moon light – House light ) is very important for the growth of plants .42- Emad was (pleased – glad – happy – disappointed) when he knew that he had failed his English test.43- We usually do (shopping – exercises – experiments – experiences) in the school laboratory .44- If you don't know the meaning of a word, try to (ignore –guess –omit – forget) it45- The brain not only receives information from senses but also ( writes–sends–records–creates ) messages .46- The brain is not simple. It is more (complex – light – heavy – expensive) than the most powerful computer.47- The brain enables our different senses to work (alone–slowly– separately–together) .48- Your brain receives information from your senses (writes–sees–observes–analyses ) it, then sends messages .49- I want to visit my friend Hany but I can't remember his ( name – town – address – country ) .50- Please, type in your ( letters–languages–password–image ) to be allowed to use this computer system .51- What could you do if you (have – had – had had – are having) a million dollars ?52- Unless you ( were – are – will be – is ) polite, no one will like you .53- Wood floats if it ( is put – put – was put – will put ) on water .54- If you have a holiday, where ( will – would – could – did ) you spend it ?55- ( Digestion – Indigestion – suggestion – Education ) help change the food we eat into very

simple substances useful to our bodies .56- Can I ( do – make – say – receive ) a suggestion ?57- Brains store past ( memories – souvenirs – museums – merchants ) and this makes learning

and remembering possible .58- Our senses receive (letters – e-mails – messages – calls) from the brain .59- The human brain ( weighs – costs – buys – sells about 1 Kg .60- The boy felt some ( hunger – noise – pain – health ) in his leg when he fell off his bike .61- My computer is quite (weak – small – powerful – young) It has 160 GB .62- The weather is ( quit – quiet – quite – quietly ) good today .63- I have a good memory ( of – for – with – by ) names .64- My little daughter is good ( in – at – on – with ) doing sums .65- Teachers should ( remind – remember – analyse – look ) students' names .



4) Rewrite1- I borrow books at times of need . ( If )

2- Plants don't grow without light . ( If )

3- Perhaps he will come tomorrow. If so, I'll meet him . ( If )

4- If you didn't read the book carefully, you wouldn't understand it . ( Unless / Without )

5- I can't tell you what this word means as I don't know French . ( If )

6- He doesn't take any exercise, so he is fat . ( If )

7- Without television, people would go out more . ( If )

8- You should tell your father the truth . ( If )

9- You must have a ticket or you will not enter the cinema . ( Unless )

10- I don't have enough money, so I can't buy a modern car . ( If )

11- Without your patience, you couldn't be responsible for your business. ( Unless )

12- Unless you studied hard, you wouldn't get high marks . ( If )

13- Hard-working people will get more money . ( Unless )

14- Don't play with knives or you'll cut yourself . ( If )

15- If they didn't play well, they'd lose the match . ( Unless )

5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences :1- Mahmoud always understands the most complete maths problems.2- I have a great memory, so I can reward everything my mother told me last night.3- “Send how many students there are in my class.” “I don’t know.” “About 45.”4- The human mind is more complex than the most powerful computer.

E) Translation :* Translate into Arabic :

1- Nature is sometimes the friend of man and sometimes his enemy .

2- Games and sports are very important for building our bodies .

* Translate into English :

.العقل البشرى إحدى معجزات الخالق- 1



audienceجمهورstreet childrenاطفال الشوارعdo showsيقدم عروضاhomelessًمشرد

drive awayيطرد/ يبعدthe homelessالمشردينً societyمجتمع earn moneyيربح مالاinterviewحوارexpertsخبراء

interviewerمحاورpoor countriesدول فقيرةintroduceيقدمreasonsأسباب

on stageعلى خشبة المسرحgrow upينمو/ يكبرpartsاجزاءpovertyفقر

surprisedمندهشcommonمشتركsurprisingمدهشdisastersكوارثtrueحقيقيearthquakesزلازل

the same ageنفس العمرdisappearيختفىuniversityجامعةbetter futureمستقبل افضل

charactersشخصياتparentsوالدينoppositeضد/ مقابل violentعنيفgrandparentsاجدادviolenceعنفbest friendافضل صديقbusinessعمل

Extra ReadingToday's Street Children

Homeless children like Oliver Twist, who lived on the streets of English towns andcities in the time of Charles Dickens, were a real problem for society. The problem is stillwith us. Experts think that there are now more than 100 million homeless children on thestreets in the world today. This is not only a problem in poor countries. There are alsostreet children in rich countries.

There are many different reasons why children live and grow up on the streets.One of the most common reasons is poverty. Some very poor families who do not haveenough money to feed their children send them away to make a new life for themselves.Some children leave unhappy homes to live with other children. Other reasons include warand disasters like earthquakes, in which a child's parents are killed and children are left tolook after themselves.



City streets can be violent and dangerous and some children become thieves inorder to live. But many street children work hard to build a home for themselves, to makefriends and to earn money.

The problem of homeless street children will not disappear unless we do somethingabout it. Some homeless children have done well and even become successful in business, butsociety needs to protect and look after homeless children to help them have a better future.

Questions & Answers1) According to statistics, how many homeless children are there in the world today?

There are about 100 million homeless children.

2) Is the problem of street children only in poor countries?No, it is in rich countries too.

3) In which countries are there children living on the streets?In both poor and rich countries.

4) Why do most of the street children become thieves?In order to lice as they do not have money.

5) When can the problem of street children disappear?It can disappear when society protects and looks after homeless children to help

them have a better future.6) What is one of the most common reasons for children living on the streets?

Poverty, war and natural disasters.

7) How can we tackle \solve the problem of street children?We must find them places to live and work to do. We shouldn't ignore them.

Translate into English:.إن مشكلة أطفال الشوارع لقنبلة موقوتة تھدد المجتمع بأسرة) 1

.بالأطفال لأنھم نواة المجتمعتھتم الحكومة ) 2

.من أھم أسباب التشرد الأطفالى الفقر والحروب والكوارث الطبیعیة) 3



Workbook Revision A1) Finish the following dialogue:

Mohsin and Hassan are talking about their memories.Mohsin What's your memory like7Hassan a)……………………..………………………….. .Mohsin b)……………………..………………………….. ?Hassan Yes, I can remember numbers easily.Mohsin Can you remember people's names easily?Hassan c)……………………..………………………….. .Mohsin d)……………………..………………………….. ?Hassan No, I'm terrible at maths!Mohsin Really? I'm not good either, but I like maths.

2) Write what you would say in each of the following situations:a- A friend tells you the name of a famous woman. You want to know about her job.b- Your teacher says something in English. You do not understand very well.c- Your mother tells you an interesting story. Express your opinion.d- Your little brother says that he is very tired. Advise him.

3) Choose the correct answer from a, b, cord:1 My brother …………….a lot of money from his job as a pilot.

a. going to earn b. earns c. earn d. earning2 I always……………. ill if I go on a boat.

a. feel b. will feel c. would feel d. feeling3 If I ………….a camera. I would take a photo of the family party.

a. had b. have c. have had d. would have4 If you…………….. very fast. you'll catch your train.

a. ran b. running c. runs d. run5 My brother ………….. a goal in a school football match yesterday.

a. played b. scored c. won d. took6 If I felt tired, I'd go to bed ………………

a. early b. today c. later d. before7 Someone who studies soil and rocks is called a/an……………..

a. surgeon b. astronaut c. geologist d. architect8 Someone who writes for a newspaper is called a………………..

a. journalist b. champion c. teacher d. head mistress9 Neil Armstrong …………….on the moon 1n 1969.

a. walk b. walks c. walked d. walking10 While he ……….as a journalist, Charles Dickens was writing magazine stories.

a. works b. working c. is working d. was working11 Something hit the car window so it was …………….

a. brave b. famous c. edited d. cracked12 You can only use this computer if you know the …………….

a. password b. cell c. clarification d. moral

4)Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets, to give thesame meaning.a It's my habit to play tennis. (used)b When did you travel to Alexandria? (ago)c You should read this book. (If)d Leen is always early. (comes)

5 ) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:1 lnjy is very hard-work and always does well in tests.2 Mahmoud always understands the most complete maths problems.3 Ms Jehan is the headmaster of our school.4 I felt much better after I took the illness.



6) Read the following passage, then answer the questions:The small red plane

One day last week, a small plane landed in a field near Tarek's house. Tarek phoned his friendGamal and told him what had happened. Gamal immediately went to Tarek's house When hearrived, the boys went to the field to look at the plane.Two men were climbing out of it One of the men asked the boys where they were, because theyhad no idea where their plane had landed. Tarek and Gamal told them that they had landed nearAI -Minya. The two men asked the boys to telephone to get help.After the boys had helped the men, Tarek took them back to his house. When they had toldTarek's father what had happened, one of the men phoned the plane rescue company. After ashort time, a large lorry arrived, picked up the men and their plane and drove away. Suddenly, thefield looked very empty.1. When did this story happen?2. What does it refer to in this sentence: Two men were climbing out of it?3. Why did the men from the plane ask the boys where they were 74. How do you think Tarek and Gamal felt at the end of this story? Why/5. The boys went to the fielda. as soon as Tarek saw the plane. b. after Gamal arrived at Tarek 's.c. after the men climbed out of the plane. d. before Tarek arrived .6. Who did the boys tell about the plane?a. Tarek 's father b. the policec. the plane rescue company d. another friend

7) Answer four only:1 What is remote sensing?2 What was the truth that Caleb Plummer hid from Bertha?3 Why do you think we should be grateful to great scientists like Dr EI-Baz?4 In your opinion, what do you learn from The Cricket on the Hearth?5 Why do you think the human brain is more complex than the most powerful computer!6 "Sometimes people are forced to tell lies." Are you for or against this/ Say why?

8) Answer the following questions:a What was a workhouse?b Why didn't the orphans who Mrs Mann looked after have very much to eat?c Why did Oliver Twist ask for more soup Id Why did Oliver go to live at Mr Sowerberry's house?e How do you think Oliver felt when Noah Claypole was unkind to him?

10) a Translate into Arabic:1 Dr Mostafa EI-Sayed's work is very useful in medicine.

2 At one o'clock yesterday, I was having my lunch.

b Translate into English:.كل المصریون فخورون بعلمائھم العظام في شتي المجالات-






city )كبیرة (مدینة benefit یستفید/ یفید town )صغیرة(مدینة facilities تسھیلاتcountryside الریف questionnaire استبیانthe country الریف researches باحثونmassive ھائل/ ضخم research )لا تعد(بحث massiveness ضخامة do research یجرى بحثoutskirts )خارج المدینة(ضواحى solve یحلsuburbs )داخل المدینة(ضواحى solution حلshock یصدم-صدمة census تعدادshocked مصدوم statistics إحصاءterrible رھیب-فظیع government حكومةurban حضرى percent فى المائةurbanization نحو الحضر/ للحضر percentage نسبة مئویةrural ریفى proportion نسبة رقمیةboring ممل population سكانcity centre وسط البلد populated ماھول بالسكانfurthest ابعد pollution تلوثvegetables خضروات polluted ملوثgarden حدیقة increase زیادة/ یزدادchart رسم بیانى decrease نقص/ یقل world cup كأس العالم reason سببevent حدث workers عمالwheel chair كرسى متحرك available متاح/ متوافر parents والدین agency وكالةcapital عاصمة mobilisation تعبئةuseful مفید mobilise یحشدnation امھ form استمارةnational قومى members اعضاءnationally قومیا religion دیانة/ دین nationality جنسیة education تعلیمnationalism قومیة electricity كھرباءinternational دولى comfortable مریحinternationally دولیا comfortably بشكل مریحplan خطھ improve یحسنplanner مخطط BCE "علیھ السلام"قبل عصر المسیح make a plan یصمم خطة sandstorm عاصفة رملیةdraw a plan یرسم خطة aeroplane طائرةpure air ھواء نقى graph رسم بیانىquietness ھدوء scan یفحص



Expressions تعبیراتcomplete a formيكمل استمارةnational censusد القومىالتعدا

.…the same size as......نفس حجمdo a censusيقوم بعمل تعداد.…live in the outskirts ofيعيش فى ضواحيacross the worldفى جميع انحاء العالم

lose his jobوظيفته/ يفقد عملهsolve a problemيحل مشكلةimprove schoolsيحسن المدارسbuild roadsبنى طرقي

lead a….life.......يحي حياةthe world’s populationسكان العالمurban areaمنطقة حضريةadvantages and disadvantagesمميزات وعيوب

rural areaمنطقة ريقيةfind workيجد عملget worse and worseيزداد سوءا وسوءاAs far as I’m concernedبم اننى مهتم

Examples:- The government is trying to solve the problem of over population.- Everyone wants to lead a happy life.- I don’t like to live in the outskirts of a city.- The problem of pollution is getting worse and worse.- CAMPUS does a national census every ten years.

Prepositions حروف جرfurthest from....ابعد منimportant forمهم لــــ

move toينتقل الىgo upيذهب لاعلى/ يزداد..move from…to...الى...ينتقل منdifficult forصعب لــــgetيصل الىincrease toيزداد الى toat homeفى المنزلincrease inزيادة فى

out of waterخارج المياهincrease byزيادة بمقدارtake toيدمن/ يعتاد علىbenefit fromيستفيد من

answer toاجابة لـــ…Thousands of....الاف منaroundحوالىask forيطلب

alongبمحازاة/ بطول ask aboutيسال عن+ decide toيقررhelp to....يساعد ان Inf.+ decide onيحددcome fromياتى من noun

turn offيغلق/ يطفىءcarry outينفذturn onيشغل/ يفتحenough forكاف لـــ

Examples:- A lot of people move from rural areas to urban areas.- We should plant trees along streets.- Many countries carry out a census to get correct information.- By 2030, the world’s population may increase to\by 60 percent.- It takes me 20 minutes to get to my work.- The form asks for information about members of the family in the house.- Thousands of researchers visit people’s houses across Egypt to complete a form.



- Idioms إصطلاحاتPros and cons feel like a fish out of water

Feel at home I’ve really taken to it.

Examples:- Urban life has its pros and cons.- When I travel abroad, I feel like a fish out of water.- I feel at home at my friend’s house.- I can’t stop reading before I sleep. I’ve really taken to it.

Definitions11-- mmaassssiivvee ھائل/ ضخم (mmaassssiivveenneessss – mmaassssiivveellyy )- very big.22-- oouuttsskkiirrttss دینةضواحى حارج الم (ssuubbuurrbbss )- furthest from the city centre.33-- sshhoocckk -یصدم / صدمة The feeling you have when you feel very surprised.44-- tteerrrriibbllee -رھیب / فظیع Very bad55-- uurrbbaann حضرى (uurrbbaanniizzaattiioonn )- In a town or city66-- rruurraall -ریفى Of the country77-- nnaattiioonnaall قومى (nnaattiioonnaalliissmm – nnaattiioonnaalliizzee – nnaattiioonnaallllyy )- Related to a whole nation rather than to part of it. OR owned or controlled by the government.88-- ppllaann -یخطط To think about something you want to do OR to intend to do something.99-- qquueessttiioonnnnaaiirree -استبیان A set of written questions answered by a large number of people that is used to provide information.1100-- rreesseeaarrcchheerrss -باحثون People who do research.1111-- ssoollvvee یحل (ssoolluuttiioonn )

-- To find an answer to a problem.AAsskkiinngg ffoorr aanndd ggiivviinngg ooppiinniioonnss

AAsskkiinngg ffoorr ooppiinniioonn::-- WWhhaatt iiss yyoouurr ooppiinniioonn \\ ppooiinntt ooff vviieeww\\ vviieewwppooiinntt ooff \\ aabboouutt………………??-- WWhhaatt ddoo yyoouu tthhiinnkk ooff \\ aabboouutt………………....?? GGiivviinngg ooppiinniioonnss-- IInn mmyy ooppiinniioonn,, II tthhiinnkk……………………………………………………………………-- AAss ffaarr aass II’’mm ccoonncceerrnneedd,,……………………………………………………..-- IIff yyoouu aasskk mmee,, II wwoouulldd ssaayy……………………………………………………-- AAss II sseeee iitt,, II tthhiinnkk………………………………………………………………....



ReadingThe national census

In 1800, two percent of the world's population lived in cities. Today, it is over 50percent and by 2030, it may increase to 60 percent. Across the world, about 180,000people move to cities every day. It is not easy for governments to know the country'spopulation or how many people are living in each part of large cities. For that reason,many countries carry out a census to get correct information. This is a questionnaire inwhich all the people of a country are asked questions about their lives.

The ancient Egyptians- started doing a census in around 2500 BCE, to find out howmany workers were available to build the Pyramids and how much land farmers could usealong the Nile. In Egypt today, the Central Agency for Population Mobilisation and Statistics(CAPMAS) do a national census every ten years. The first modern census was in 1882 andthere have been 13 more since then.

Thousands of researchers visit people's houses across Egypt and ask people to completea form. The form asks for information about members of the family in the house, theirnationality, religion, education, work and health. It also asks for information about the house:the number of rooms, if it has electricity or gas, where the water comes from, etc.

It is very important for people to complete these forms so that the government knowshow comfortably people are living and can help to solve any problems. The informationfrom the census helps the government to plan how many hospitals and roads they will needto build and where to build them. It also helps them to improve schools or build new schoolsif needed. This will help us all to lead better and healthier lives in the future.

Reading Questions1- What has happened to the number of people living in cities?

- It has gone up.

2- Why is it difficult for governments to know how many people live in each part of large cities?- Because many people don't give correct information.

3- What is a census?- It is a questionnaire in which all the people of a country are asked questions about their lives.OR it is a means for measuring the population.

4- Why did the ancient Egyptians do a national census?- To find out how many workers were available to build the Pyramids and how much land farmers

could use along the Nile.



5- How often does Egypt do a census?- Egypt does a census every ten years.

6- Why is it important for people to complete the forms in the national census?- So that the government knows how comfortably people are living and can help to solve any problems.

7- Why do you think the information the census gets about people’s homes is useful?- To help the government to find homes for the homeless.

8- How do you think the census can help the government to plan where to build roads and hospitals?- As it knows the crowded places and if there were these things or not.

9- How do you think the census can help the government to improve schools?- As it can provide the suitable schools for different places.

10- Why do you think some people move from the countryside to live in the city?- To look for better jobs and income.

11- What can happen to rural areas when many people move to the cities?- They may decrease and there will be less agriculture and few crops.

12- Why do you think it is the man in the family who usually moves to find work?- Because he is created for this. A man can live without a woman. He is the breadwinner of his family.

13- How can workers from other countries benefit the cities they work in?- They can pass their experience, culture, customs and traditions.

14- What are the advantages of living in a rural area?- Life is easy, comfortable and healthy.

15- Would you like to live in a town, a large city or a small village? Why?- I would like to live in a large city as it would have all facilities.- I would like to live in a small village as there is quietness and freshness.

16- What are the pros and cons of living in a city?- The pros of living in a city are job opportunities, luxuries and health care.

17- In your opinion, what kind of information do census researchers usually collect?- They usually ask for information about members of the family in the house, their nationality,

religion, education, work and health. It also asks for information about the house: the number ofrooms, if it has electricity or gas, where the water comes from, etc.

16 – What is (CAPMAS) short for?- It is short for The Central Agency for Population Mobilization and Statistics.



The Present Perfect TenseFormation

I. they, we, you, الجمع have + p.p ( 've + p.p )He, she, it, المفرد has + p.p ( 's + p.p )

Usage:المضارع التام ھو الزمن الوحید فى اللغة الانجلیزیة الذي یربط الماضى بالحاضر إذ یستخدم لــ

.یعبر عن حدث حدث فى الماضى ومازال مستمرا حتى الان) 1Ex: I have lived in Sahel Seleemsince2000.(IlivedandI'mstillliving).

.یعبر عن حدث فى الماضى ومازالت اثارة موجودة حتى الان) 2Ex: I'm tired because I have played a lot.Key words* Since + بدایة زمن / جملة فى الماضى * Since 2 o'clock / Monday / April / 1995 / last ….. /yesterday

- I haven't seen Ali since Tuesday .- She hasn't visited me since she left the town.

* For + فترة زمنیة * For number + seconds / moments / minutes / hours / days /

weeks / a fortnight / months / years / ages / a long time.* Just فى الحال * already تواً–بالفعل

S + has / have + just / already + p.p- They have just left .- She has already washed the dishes .

* Ever ) بقةللسؤال عن الخبرات السا( من قبل –سبق Have / Has + subject + ever + p.p ……?

- Have you ever seen a lion ?* Never ابدا

Subject + has / have + never + p.p ……- I have never seen a lion .

* Yet حتى الان –بعد Have / Has + subject + p.p …… yet ?

Subject + hasn't / haven't + p.p …… yet .- Have you finished writing the letter yet ?- Dalia hasn't tidied the room yet .

* Recently )فى الجملة المثبتة ( حدیثاً/ مؤخراً - I have seen Ali many times recently .

* Lately )نفیة فى الجملة الم( حدیثاً/ مؤخراً - I haven't seen Ali lately .



Notes* S.+ have / has been to = ….went and came back ذھب إلى مكان وعاد منھ Ex: He went to Aswan and came back.( been)

………………………………………………………………………..* S. + have / has gone to= went and didn't come back ذھب إلى مكان ومازال ھناك

Ex: He went to Aswan and he is still there.……………………………………………………………………

since + بدایة حدث = for + مدة زمنیةنستبدل المدة ببدایة زمن والعكس صحیحsinceبدلاً من forعند وضع

- I'velivedheresince2001 ( for )…………………………………………………………………..- Shehasn'tphonedmefor3days(since)……………………………………………………………………..

) )المبھمة( یفضل مع المدد غیر المحدودة( وفى حالة النفى یمكن استخدام التركیب التالى Subject + haven't \ hasn't + P.P …..for + a long time\ ages.

= It's + a long time \ ages + since + subject + last + past simple- I haven't written a letter for a long time . ( since )……………………………………………………………………………..- It's3weekssinceIlastspokewithhim.(for)…………………………………………………………………………………..

Subject + last + past simple + when + Subject + past simple= Subject + haven't \ hasn't + since + Subject + past simple

- I last saw my uncle when I was on his farm . ( since )……………………………………………………………………………………………- She hasn't stolen any money since she was arrested . ( stole )………………………………………………………………………………………………

Subject + last + past simple………. مدة زمنیة + ago=The last time + subject + past simple…….was + مدة زمنیة + ago.

= Subject + haven't \ hasn't + P.P……for + مدة زمنیة- Ilasttookanaspirin3weeksago.(for)…………………………………………………………………………………...- Shehasn'theardfromherfriendfor3years.(ago)………………………………………………………………………………………….

lastlast



= Subject + have\ has + P.P ……………………………….…for + مدة زمنیةSubject + began \started to + Inf.\ v-ing……..+ مدة زمنیة + ago

- IbegantolearnFrench6years ago . ( for )…………………………………………………………………………………- Shehasplayedtennisfor5months.(ago)………………………………………………………………………………….

Subject + have \ has + never + P.P + such a \ an + adj. + noun= Subject + be + ( the + adj–est\the most-adj) noun +subject + have\has + ever + P.P- I have never seen such a beautiful girl . ( ever )……………………………………………………………………- Ahmed is the tallest boy. I've ever met . ( never )…………………………………………………………………..

للتعبیر عن حدث یتم لأول مرة neverكما لاحظ أیضاً استخدام Subject + has / have + never + p.p ……… before

It's the first time + subject + has / have + ever + p.p- Hassan has never driven a car before. ( It's )…………………………………………………………………………………

Subject + have\has + just + P.P= Subject + past simple + a minute\a moment\ a short time ago

- He has just taken the keys . ( ago )………………………………………………………………………………………….

Subject + am, is, are + still + V- ing= Subject + haven't \ hasn't + finished\ stopped + V-ing…..yet.

- Hani is still doing his homework . ( yet )…………………………………………………………………………………- It hasn't stopped raining yet . ( still )…………………………………………………………………………………






1) Finish the following dialogue:Warda: OK,thisisthelastquestioninthequiz.1)…………………….Reem : I think you should have about eight hours sleep.Warda: That'sright2)………………….…….YougottenoutoftenIReem : Good. I must say, it was a good quiz. You've always been good at writing them.Warda: 3)……………….Doyouthinkyoucouldhelpmewritethenextquiz?Reem : 4)……………………………….Wecanwriteitnow.

2) what you would say in each of the following situations:a. Your friend asks for your opinion about his new shirt.b. You ask your friend’s opinion about your new car.c. You suggest going to the cinema.d. Your friend just passed his final exams.

3) Choose the correct answer :1- The ancient Egyptians started doing a census in (round – around – circle – oval) 2500 BCE.2- They found out some interesting information about houses I the national ( census – sensor – circle – sonar ) .3- A ( reader – researcher – reviewer – reminder) visited our house to ask us questions.4- Japan has a ( population – pollution – people – member) of 130 million .5- Let’s answer the questions in this ( questionnaire – questioner – queue – quantum)6- My family (plan – plane – balloon – play ) to go on holiday in August.7- Many farmers try to ( dissolve–resolve–solve–involve ) the problem of not having enough water for their crops .8- Egypt (makes – gives – plays – does) a national census every ten years.9- The mountain is ( massive – wide – tiny – ordinary ) ! It is about 7,000 metres high!10- Many countries carry (in – up –out – off) a census to get correct information.11- Researchers always ask people to complete a ( from – form – farm – firm) .12- Forms help the government know how (comfort–comfortable–comfortably–comfortless) people are living.13- He was ( shocked – shaken – chocked – shock ) when he heard the bad news.14- (Rural – Urban – Arabian – Ruler) means in a town or a city.15- (Rural – Urban – Arabian – Ruler) means of the country.16- (Skirts – Outskirts – Suburbs – Cities) are the parts of a town that are furthest from thecity centre.17- She moved to the city because her father ( missed – lost – loosed – ate ) his job.18- Urban life has its pros and (coins – cakes – cons – cans) .19- He has built a new house ( lately – never – recently – yet ) .20- I've ( ever – never – already – yet ) flown in a plane .21- Have you ( ever – never – yet – since ) ridden a horse ?22- He has ( just – now – yet – last ) graduated from university ?23- My father has gone out ( for – since – ago – when ) 2 o'clock .24- It hasn't rained in this country ( ago – since – for – yet ) five months .25- He has been ill ( since – for – ago – when ) yesterday .26- The train has ( already – yet – still – ever ) left the station .27- Have they gone to bed ( still – already – yet – just ) ?28- It is three weeks since we ( meet – have met – met – had met ) .29- The child ( have slept – is sleeping – has slept – sleep ) for ten hours .30- I have heard a lot since I ( have started – started – start – had started ) coming to this school .31- I (work – had worked – have worked – am working) hard since I was twenty .



32- Where ( were you – have you been – had you been – will you be ) since the bell rang ?33- Nothing interesting (happened – had happened – has happened – happens) since I last saw him .34- I feel like a fish ( in – up – out – at ) of water when I travel abroad.35- I’ve felt at ( house –home – homeless – building) because everyone is so friendly.36- I think that children with (disabilities – talks – lives – types) should go to special schools37- " ( Massive – Tiny – Terrible – Passive ) " means very big.38- This tea is (good – tasty – terrible – nice). I can’t drink it.39- It didn’t take him long time ( getting – to get – get – to getting ) to work in the city. .40- The city she lives is the same (weight – size – age – height) as Cairo.41- I have known him ( for – since – already – just ) we joined the university .42- The writer (has finished – didn't finish – isn't finished – hasn't finished) his book yet .43- She ( has left – left – is leaving – will leave ) for work an hour ago .44- They ( has been – have gone – have been – going ) to the USA. They are in Cairo now .45- Dalia has practiced her hobby ( since – for – recently – ago ) a long time .46- About 40 ( percentage – percent – proportion – relativity) of employees are women.47- ( Cross – Across – Pros – Actress ) the world, about 180,000 people move to cities every day.48- It's the most interesting book I (had read –have ever read–have never read – was reading) .49- Noha (will go –went –has gone – is going) swimming, she hasn't come back yet50- I haven't visited my uncle ( for – since – ago – in ) the last month .51-A (Sensor–Sonar–Sense–Census) is a questionnaire in which all peopleof a country are asked questions about their lives.

4) Rewrite :1- I'm still decorating my room . ( yet )2 He has just arrived at the party . ( ago )

3- The last time Bill came here was in 1997 . ( Bill hasn't )4- It's ages since I last went to a football match . ( I haven't )5- I haven't studied English for 2 days . ( I last / since )

6- I haven't met him for a month . ( since / It's )

7- The last time I visited the pyramids was in 1995 . ( I haven't )

8- I last played football when I was on holiday . (since – I haven't)9- I have taught in this school since 1995 . ( ago )10- I have known him for 5 years . ( since )11- My brother has been in London since 1998 . ( for )12- She went shopping a moment ago . ( has )13- I really did all my jobs . ( already )14- It began to rain at 5 o'clock. It's still raining . ( It hasn't )15- Mother is still cooking . ( yet )16- Waleed went to London and returned last Monday . ( has been )17- He has never gone to a circus before . ( first )18- Did you visit Italy before now ? ( ever )



5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:1- The farmers use the information from the census to help us all.2- Egypt does a national sensor every ten years.3- Researchers are people who do researches.4- One day, I think that scientists will sold the problems of pollution.5- Urban life has its pros and coins.6- In 1800, two percent of the world’s pollution lived in other cities.7- Census researchers visit people’s houses across Egypt and ask people to complete a farm.8- The ancient Egyptians started making a census in around 2500 BCE.9- Thousand of researchers visit people’s houses.10- Rural means in a town or a city.6) Read the following passage, and then answer the questions :

Bats are wild animals. They are the only mammals that are able to fly. Bats canbe found almost anywhere in the whole world except in very cold or very hot countries.They are mostly found in tropical countries. Although we normally think of bats as animalsthat live in caves, they actually prefer trees as their home. In order not to be seen, theyuse their skin as camouflage. This helps them to make homes under big trees or underbark of trees. They like caves too, as they find it a suitably dark place to sleep duringthe day. Bats are nocturnal animals. This means that they rest by day and hunt at night.Most bats have very good eyesight and a keen sense of smell. A bat can see better in thedark than most of us do! A bat's diet includes fruits, nectar, meat from small animalslike frogs and fish as well as insects. Their feeding habits actually help plants and treesto reproduce. The seeds from the fruits they eat are dropped onto the ground, which inturn grow into new plants. Bats are therefore quite useful animals.A- Answer the following questions:1- Where do not bats live?2- What do bats do in order not to be seen?3- What do bats feed on\live on?4- How are bats useful animals?B- Choose the correct answer:4- The word 'nocturnal' means………….animals.

a) day b) morning c) night d) afternoon5- Except for bats, mammals…………….

a) can't bear b) can't fly c) can't eat d) can't sleep

7) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following:a) The pros and cons of living in a big city.b) The importance of population census.

Translation :8. A) Translate into Arabic :1- We should cooperate with census researchers by giving them correct data.

2- We should play a positive role in solving society’s problems.B) Translate into English :

.سنوات10تقوم مصر بعمل تعداد قومى للسكان كل -1



garden حدیقة bare بلا غطاء/ عارى gardener جناینى hay تبن/ قش poetry شعر dig یحفرpoem قصیدة lock یغلق بقفلpoet شاعر silly سخیف/ اھبل verse بیت شعرى benefit یفید/ یستفید rhyme قافیة gravel حصى/ حصوةrhythm إیقاع tools ادواتcandle شمعة currant row الزبیب/صف من العنبhop یقفز plot قطعة ارضpleasant سار pinching toes اصابع متجمدة من البردpleasure متعة lay یضعswing یتارجح/ ارجوحة barrow عربة بعجلة واحدة/ برویطة treasure كنز profit یستفید/ فائدة sunny day یوم مشمس wiser اكثر حكمةrainy day یوم ممطر Indian wars لعبة اطفالhealthy صحى path طریق/ ممرunhealthy غیر صحى unfriendly غیر ودودgrandmother جدة difference اختلافgrandchildren احفاد different مختلفparents والدین differ یختلفfight یقاتل-قتال /معركة electricity كھرباءheadache صداع mouse\mice فئران/ فأر medicine طب-دواء fear یخاف-خوف chemist صیدلیة-صیدلى recently حدیثا/ مؤخراadults بالغین carrots جزرtogether سویا do a favour یسدى معروفا

Prepositions حروف جرput….awayيرتبwrite aboutيكتب عن

profit fromيستفيد منlay…..downيضعgoيذهب بعيداplay withيلعب مع away

on the beachعلى الشاطىء…stay onيظل فى/ يبقى Examples:- Children love digging in the sand on the beach.- The poet asks the gardener to lay the barrow down.- You must profit from your free time.- The gardener puts his tools away.



Definitions11-- ccaannddllee --شمعة SSoommeetthhiinngg yyoouu bbuurrnn ttoo pprroodduuccee lliigghhtt..22-- hhoopp یقفز - to move by jumping on one foot.33-- pplleeaassaanntt -سار Something which is enjoyable, nice or good.44-- rrhhyytthhmm -ایقاع a repeated sound in music, poems, etc.55-- sswwiinngg -ارجوحة A moving seat that children play on.66-- ttrreeaassuurree -كنز gold, silver, money, etc. that someone has hidden.77-- vveerrssee -یخطط lines that form one part of a poem.88-- bbaarree -بلا غطاء/ عارى not covered by anything.99-- pplloott -قطعة ارض small piece of land for growing things on.1100-- hhaayy -قش/ تبن It is dried grass that people use to feed animals.1111-- ddiigg -یحفر To move something in or under soil using a tool.1122-- lloocckk -یغلق بقفل To close something using a key.1133-- ssiillllyy -احمق not clever or sensible.1144-- bbeenneeffiitt -یستفید –یفید To get something good or useful from a situation.

MMaakkiinngg ppoolliittee rreeqquueessttss aanndd rreepplliieess MMaakkiinngg ppoolliittee rreeqquueessttss::-- CCaann \\ CCoouulldd yyoouu ddoo mmee aa ffaavvoouurr??-- CCoouulldd yyoouu ddoo ssoommeetthhiinngg ffoorr mmee??-- CCoouulldd yyoouu ppoossssiibbllyy…………………………....??-- II wwoonnddeerr iiff yyoouu ccoouulldd……………………..-- DDoo yyoouu tthhiinnkk yyoouu ccoouulldd……………………..?? RReessppoonnddiinngg ttoo rreeqquueessttss::-- CCeerrttaaiinnllyy..-- YYeess,, wwhhaatt iiss iitt??-- NNoo pprroobblleemm..-- TThhaatt’’ss nnoott aa pprroobblleemm..-- YYeess,, ooff ccoouurrssee..-- NNoo,, II’’mm aaffrraaiidd II ccaann’’tt..



Robert Louis Stevenson was born in Edinburgh, Scotland, in 1850. He began to write novelswhen he was a young man. His novel Treasure Island was very popular with children. He wrote achild’s Garden of Verses in 1885. The Rain is a poem from a child’s Garden of verses.

The GardenerThe gardener does not love to talk.He makes me keep the gravel walk,And when he puts his tools away,He locks the door and takes the key.

Away behind the currant row,Where no one else but cook may go,Far in the plots, I see him dig,Old and serious, brown and big.He digs the flowers, green, red, and blue,Nor wishes to be spoken to,He digs the flowers and cuts the hay,And never seems to want to play.Silly gardener! Summer goes,And winter comes with pinching toes,When in the garden bare and brown,You must lay your barrow down.Well now, and while the summer stays,To profit by these garden days,Oh how much wiser you would be,To play at Indian wars with me!

Some definitions and explanations: keep the gravel walk = stay on the path through the garden currant row = a line of plants that have small fruits barrow = something with one wheel that gardeners use to carry things from the garden pinching toes = toes that hurt because of the cold Indian wars = a children's game

Listening

Reading



Reading QuestionsAnswer the following questions:1- What is A Child’s Garden of verses?

It is a book of poems.2- Where was Robert Louis Stevenson born?

He was born in Edinburgh, Scotland

3- What is “Treasure Island”?It was a book which was very popular with children

4- When did Stevenson become famous?When he was a young man.

5 – What is the title of the poem?It is called "The Gardener".

6 – Does the speaker like the gardener? Why/ Why not?No, he doesn’t because he wants him to stop working.

7 – Why does the gardener not do much in the winter?Because of the pinching toes.

8 – Which words rhyme in the poem?The words dig and big, talk and walk.

9 – How many verses does the poem have?It has five verses.

10 - What do the first two lines of the poem tell us about the gardener?He doesn't like to talk and keeps the walk.

11 – When does the gardener put his tools away?After finishing his tasks.

12 – Why does the writer call the gardener silly?Because he doesn't play with the speaker and makes him work.

13 – Why is the garden bare and brown?Because the summer goes and winter comes.

14 – Do you think people should follow rules in gardens? Why or why not?Yes, people should follow rules in gardens to keep them clean and beautiful.

15- Which do you prefer to read, poems or stories? Say why?I prefer to read stories because I can understand them and makes me imagine.

16- Do you think a gardener does an important job? Why or why not?Yes, a gardener does an important jobs in keeping a garden clean and beautiful.



والتعبیرات الاتیة یاتى ورائھا فعل بھ والتعبیرات الاتیة یاتى ورائھا فعل بھ الافعالالافعالiinngg..Deny, admit, practice, enjoy, avoid, finish, consider, forgive, mind, resist,imagine, suggest, keep, feel like, look forward to, be used to, can’t help,can’t stop, be worth, it is no use of, take to, be accustomed to, be busy,Ex: The thief denied stealing the money.Ex: It is no use crying over spilt milk.Ex: I’m accustomed to getting up early.

لات خاصةلات خاصةالاتیة لھا حاالاتیة لھا حاأفعالأفعالالاالا::suggest, recommend, insist

1 ) S. + ssuuggggeesstt\\ rreeccoommmmeenndd\\ iinnssiisstt + V-ing.2) S. + ssuuggggeesstt \\ rreeccoommmmeenndd \\ iinnssiisstt + S. + Inf. ,…….3) S. + ssuuggggeesstt \\ rreeccoommmmeenndd \\ iinnssiisstt + S. + should + Inf.,…….Ex: Mona suggested going to the cinemaEx: We suggest Sahar see a doctor.Ex: We suggest Sahar should see a doctor.

الاتیة یاتى ورائھا الاتیة یاتى ورائھا الافعالالافعالVV-- iinngg أو أوttoo ++ IInnff..فى المعنىفى المعنىبسیطبسیطاختلافاختلافمع وجودمع وجود..Love, like, prefer

شىء خاصفانھا تعبر عن.to + Infفانھا تعبر عن شىء عموما اما اذا اتى ورائھا v-ingفاذا اتى ورائھا Ex: I love \ like drinking tea. ( in general )Ex: I love \ like to drink tea. ( now)

والتعبیرات الاتیة یاتى ورائھا والتعبیرات الاتیة یاتى ورائھا الافعالالافعالttoo ++ IInnff....Offer, plan, expect, threaten, promise, expect, hope, agree, disagree, prove,refuse, arrange, decide, fail, manage, appear, afford, seem, prove, used toEx: I used to play football when I was young.Ex: He managed to overcome his pro problems alone.Ex: I hope to be a doctor.

الاتیة یاتى ورائھا الاتیة یاتى ورائھا الافعالالافعالVV-- iinngg أو أوttoo ++ IInnff..بدون اختلاف فى المعنىبدون اختلاف فى المعنىStart, begin, continueEx: The sky started to rain\ raining.Ex: He continued to write\ writing.

بعدھا بعدھا یمكن أن یأتيیمكن أن یأتيالتصوریة الاتیة التصوریة الاتیة / / الادراكالادراكأفعالأفعالinf.. أو فعل مضاف لھ أو فعل مضاف لھingمع وجود اختلاف في المعنيمع وجود اختلاف في المعني::see, hear, smell, feel, notice, watch, observe

بالحدث كلھ. فاننا نھتم inf. اما اذا اتى ورائھا بجزء من الحدث فاننا مھتمین ing فاذا اتى ورائھاEx: I heard her sing a lovely song. (As I sat listening, she started singing a song and I listened to her until she finished it.)Ex: I heard her singing a song as I walked past her room. (. Anyway, I didn’t hear the entire song.)

بعدھا بعدھا الأفعال الآتیة یمكن أن یأتيالأفعال الآتیة یمكن أن یأتيto + inf.. أو فعل مضاف لھ أو فعل مضاف لھingمع وجود اختلاف في المعنيمع وجود اختلاف في المعني::Stop, remember, forget, regret, try

stop to + infinitive Ex: He stopped to smoke. = He stopped in order to smoke.

stop + gerund Ex: He stopped smoking. = He no longer smokes.



remember to + infinitive Ex: He remembered to meet his friend. remember + gerund Ex: He remembered meeting his friend.

forget to + infinitive Ex: Nadia forgot to do her homework.

forget + gerund Ex: Nadia forgot doing her homework.

regret to + infinitive Ex: He regretted to say that my brother had anaccident. = He was sorry that it was necessary to say it. regret + gerund Ex: He regretted saying that my brother had an accident.= He was sorry that he had said it.

try to + infinitive Ex: The prisoner tried to escape, but he was caught.

try + gerund )Ex: Try taking an aspirin. = Take an aspirin and see the result.

Practice1- It's not a good idea to smoke . ( avoid )………………………………………………………………………2- I have written the litter. ( writing )………………………………………………………………………3- I would like you to open the door . ( mind )………………………………………………………………………4- I felt sorry that I had met him ( regret )………………………………………………………………………5- the thief said that he had stolen the jewellery . ( admitted )………………………………………………………………………6- I agree to wait for you. ( waiting )………………………………………………………………………7- He succeeded in answering all the questions. ( managed )……………………………………………………………………… Find and correct the mistakes in these sentences: (workbook page )a) To be good at music, you have to practise to play every dayb) Rami offered to help his grandmother with his shopping.c) Nabil has decided buying a new computer.d) Yasser plans working abroad next year.e) Taha has always enjoyed to read poetry.f) Huda hopes spending a week with her aunt and uncle.g) Young children like learning to song.h) To stay warm in co ld weather, you've got to keep to move.i) When Karim finished running, he is very tired .j) He found the film quite frightening, so he stopped to watch it



A) Write what you would say in each of the following situations:1. You have left one of your schoolbooks at the office of teacher. Ask this teacher if he/she could

bring it to school for you tomorrow.2. You would like to use a friend's phone to make an important call.3. You've forgotten what you need to do for homework tonight. Ask your friend.4. Your grandmother needs help carrying some bags into your flat.

B) Choose the correct answer :1- Children love ( digging – begging – dogging – dipping ) in the sand on the beach.2- In winter, farmers sometimes give their sheep( guy – hey – hay – high ) to eat3- Don’t forget to ( lock – lick – lack – book ) the door when you leave house.4- The hotels in this city hope to profit ( of – for – from – at ) the new airport.5- Children can sometimes be (silly – solid – sully – sally) when they play together.6- The mother told her children not to go outside with ( bare – bore – par – bored ) feet.7- My grandfather usually has lots of carrots from his vegetables ( plot – plate – put – bat )8- There was no electricity in the house, so we had to use a (candy – barrow – knife – candle ) .9- They found an old ship under the water which they think is full of (pleasures – treasures – candles – verses )10- A ( poet – novelist – journalist – critic ) is the person who writes poems .11- I don’t like this music. It doesn’t have any (rhyme – rhythm – verses – treasure)12- It was very ( please- pleasure – pleasant – unpleasant ) sitting in the park at the end of a hot day.13- For homework, we have to write the first (verity- versa – vice – verse) of a poem14- It is better to avoid ( use – using – to use – used ) insecticides .15- I'd like ( to buy – buying – bought – will buy ) my own car, but cars are so expensive .16- I'm planning ( buying – to buy – bought – to be bought ) a new computer .17- We really enjoy ( to live – living – lived – be lived ) in Alex .18- He refused ( to apologise – apologise – apologizing – apologized ) for what he had done19- You should stop ( smoke – smoking – to smoke – smoked ) it's very bad for your health .20- What have you decided ( doing – to do – done – did ) this evening ?21- The Eiffel Tower is a tall metal ( structure – tube – bar – case ) .22- Who taught you ( to drive – drive – driving – driven ) ?23- Nader was in a difficult situation, so I agreed (lending – to lend – lend – to lending) him some money .24- I don't fancy ( going – go – to go – went ) out this evening .25- I'll do the shopping when I've finished ( to clean – cleaning – cleans – cleaned ) the flat .23- He learned ( driving – drive – to drive – to driving ) a car .27- My brother suggested ( go – going – to go – to going ) to Alexandria for the holiday28- Keep ( run – running – ran – to run ) and never stop .29- He is ashamed ( with – from – to – of ) their rude .30- Will you come ( to fish – fish – fishing – fishes ) with us tomorrow ?31- He offered ( help – helping – to help – helped ) us .



B) Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets to give the same meaning1- I didn't want to see him . ( seeing )

2- I've written the letter . ( finished )

3- I refuse to hear this story . ( can't stand )

4- he said he didn’t take the money . ( denied )

5- I want you to help me . ( mind )

6- I dislike driving long distances . ( agree )

7- he felt sorry he left his job . ( regretted )

8- he told me he would help me . ( promised )

9- I agree to wait for you . ( mind )

10-Our neighbour told us he would call the police if we didn't stop the noise. (threatened)

11- it's a good idea not to go out at night . ( avoid )

12- it's her interest to watch TV . ( enjoys )

13- they are going to stay at home . ( decided )

5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:1- Could you possible help me?2- A Child’s Garden of Verses is a book of poets.3- When it is dark, we sometimes light candies.4- Current row is a line of plants that have small fruits.7) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following:a) A story or a poem you have recently read.b) My house garden.D) Translate into Arabic :1-In spring flowers flourish and trees become green.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….2-My mother always asks me not to go out bare foot.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….* Translate into English :

.احب قراءة القصص عن القصائد الشعریة حیث انھا تنمى خیالى-1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….



trafficمرورstoreيخزنtraffic jamإزدحام المرورrechargeيشحنtraffic lightsإشارات المرورelectricكهربى

rush hourساعة الذروةdamageيتلف/ يدمرcrowdedمزدحمprotectيحمى

navigationملاحة Natural energyقة طبيعيةاطinspectionتقتيشWind powerطاقة الرياح

inspectيفتشSolar powerطاقة شمسيةinspectorمفتشWater powerطاقة الماء

environmentبيئةTidal powerطاثة المد والجزرVegetable oilزيت نباتىengineerنىمدمهندس

pollutionتلوثamountكميةpolluteيلوثexpertsخبراءpopulationسكانbrightلامع

fumesعوادمsubstitutionبديل/ تعويضairbagوسادة هوائيةsubstituteيبدل/ يستعيض

dashboardتابلوه السيارةalternativesبدائلengineموتور/ محركblameيلومrouteطريقaffectيؤثرbatteryبطاريةeffect (on)تأثير

replacementبديل/ إحلال effectiveفعالreplaceيستبدلmake energyيولد طاقة

vehiclesمركباتget betterيتحسنnatural gasغاز طبيعىget worseيزداد سوءاً

oilزيت/ بترولbreatheيتنفسpetrolبنزينbreathتنفس

fuelيزود بالوقود/ وقودpure airهواء نقىlungsرئتينas soon as possibleبأسرع ما يمكن

chestصدرtake overيتولى مسؤليةlocationموقعdesignيصممlocate (in\on)يقع فىarrangementإعداد/ ترتيب

efficiencyفاءةكintentionنيةefficient (in)كُفءpredictionتوقعefficientlyبكفاءةdecisionقرار

Tomorrow's World



lead toيؤدى الىrun onيدور بـــــresult inيؤدى الىrun outينفذ/ ينضب

result fromينتج منrun out ofينفذ ما لديه منplan forخطه لـــrun awayيهرب

plan toيخطط لــــrun intoبالصدفةيقابل protect fromيحمى منfill withيمتلىء بـــــ

dry upيجفblame…..forعلى......يلومproblem of.....مشكلةblame…….onعلى...ميلقى لو

+ work onيصلح problem withمشكلة بــــشىء+ work onيقنع type\sort ofنوع منشخص

form ofشكل منwork forعمل لدىي

Language Notes

♥ S. + let + obj. + Inf. = S. + allow\permit + Obj. + to + Inf. یدع / یسمحEx: My father let me go out. ( allow)

………………………………………………………………♥ S. + have\has + good\bad effect on + Obj. = S. + affect + obj. + well\badly.

Ex: Smoking affects your health badly. (effect)…………………………………………………………………

Definitions11-- nnaavviiggaattiioonn

-When you decide which direction to go in.\Which road to takewhile traveling.22-- vveeggeettaabbllee ooiill ––

-oil is made from vegetables.33-- ppoolllluuttiioonn (( ppoolllluutteedd -- ppoolllluuttee ))

- the process of polluting the water, air or land.44-- ffuummeess

- unpleasant gases or smoke which we breathe in.55-- aaiirrbbaagg

-a bag in a car that fills with air to protect people in an accident.66-- rroouuttee ––

- the way from one place to another.77-- bbaatttteerryy

-Something that provides electrical power for a toy machine or car.88-- rreeppllaacceemmeenntt –– (( rreeppllaaccee ))

-Someone or something that replaces another person or thing.

Prepositions



Cars without oil The problems of cars exhaust gases

Air pollution is a big problem for people and the environment. If you sit intraffic jam in Cairo, your lungs will fill with the exhaust fumes from cars, busesand Lorries. Air which is polluted by exhaust fumes can damage your health aswell as the environment.

Better engines and natural gasScientists are working on the problem of exhaust pollution. Now, all cars

burn petrol more efficiently than in the past. Scientists have also designed engineswhich use natural gas, and many buses in Cairo and other cities use these engines.

Electric carsEngineers also designed electric cars that use batteries. The batteries in

early electric cars could not store as much fuel as petrol vehicles. This meant thatthey could not travel as far or as fast as petrol cars.

Now, however, engineers have designed cars which use both electricityand petrol. When the battery is empty the petrol engine takes over, and when thecar uses petrol, this recharges the battery. These cars can go further, using thesame amount of petrol as ordinary cars.

The newest ideasScientists have also discovered that cars can run on vegetable oil, which

mean, that farmers will be able to grow fuel in their fields. And now engineersare working on a new type of car battery which makes energy out of hydrogenand oxygen. Experts believe that we may be able to buy cars using these batteriesin the next ten years. The end of oil

We know that at some time in the future, there will be no oilin the world, so we need to find replacement for petrol as soon as possible.

Reading


Assiut – Sahel SeleemSeior teacher




Questions & Answers1- Why is air pollution a big problem ?

» Because it can damage people’s health as well as the environment.

2- What is the disadvantage of batteries in early electric cars ?» They couldn’t store as much fuel as petrol vehicles.

3- What are the advantages of petrol electric cars ?» When the battery is over, the petrol engine takes over.

4- What are the causes of air pollution?» Exhaust fumes coming from cars and buses.

5- How are engines in today’s cars better than in the past ?» They burn petrol more efficiently.

6- How are cars that use petrol and batteries better than early electric cars?» Early electric cars could not store as much fuel as petrol vehicles. The new car can travel further

and faster than the early electric cars.

7- What may car batteries use in the future?» A new type of car battery which makes energy out of hydrogen and oxygen.

8- Why is it so important for us to find a replacement for petrol soon ?» Because in the future there will be no oil in the world and we will need energy badly.

9- What will all cars use in the future?» In the future, cars will use vegetable oil or batteries.

10- What will happen if you sit in a traffic jam?» Your lungs will fill with the exhaust fumes from cars, buses and lorries.

11- What can we do about the problem of pollution?» - We can use electric cars.

- We can use cars which burn fuel efficiently.- We can plant more trees.- We can move factories to places where no people live.- We can use public transport instead of using private cars all the time.

12- What will we be able to do one day?» One day, we will be able to breathe clean air.

13- How will farmers be able to "grow fuel" in their fields?» Scientists have discovered that cars can run on vegetable oil so farmers can grow vegetables in

their fields that produce this oil.

14- What can you do in your life now to conserve energy?» By using less electricity and using public transportation more.



Vocabulary1- He -------------------us to go home early.

a- allowed b- let c – refused d- regretted2- If there is a problem………your car engine, I usually take it to the mechanic.

a- with b- in c – from d- for3- I got stuck in a traffic……….for 45 minutes on the way to work today.

a- gem b- gym c – jam d- jaw4- The policeman let me -----------------my car.

a- to park b- parked c – parking d- park5- Engineers are now working………a new type of car battery.

a- for b- on c –in d- at6- Most of our cars run-----------------------petrol.

a- with b- by c – on d- out7- -----------------------is one of the most difficult problems.

a- pollute b- polluted c – pollution d- pollutes8- The problem of pollution is getting……….every year.

a- bad b- badly c – worst d- worse9-Today, car engines burn petrol more………than in the past.

a- efficiently b- sufficiently c – quickly d- successfully10- When we breathe, our………..fill with air.

a- legs b- hearts c – ears d-lungs11- The world's supplies of oil will -----------------up in the future.

a- run b- go c – carry d- dry12- Most people in Cairo suffer from the……..….fumes of cars.

a- exhaust b- exhausted c – exhausting d- exhaustion13- I had to drive seven hours during the evening ------------hour.

a- rash b-hurry c – crowd d-rush14- He phoned to ------------sure that we get home.

a- take b- make c – do d- have15- The school………….visits classrooms to make sure that teachers follow the rulescorrectly..

a- inspector b- driver c – apprentice d- sailor16- Pollution has a bad…………………..on our health.

a- affect b- effective c – effect d – effectively17- Cars, buses, vans and lorries are all………………...

a- planes b- ships c – trains d- vehicles18- The police blamed the careless driver………the accident.

a- on b- for c – to d- at19- Do you have an………….solution to the problem?

a- alternate b- alternation c – alternative d-alert20- A car………….inflates and stops you from being injured in a crash.

a- airline b- airflow c – airbag d-air force21- Wind power is a form of natural…………

a- air b- gas c – oil d-energy



Future for plans, arrangements, predictions.

1.The future simple:[ Subject + will + inf. ]

في1) Facts in the future

I will be seventeen next year.2) Prediction in the future

She will succeed this year. I think Al-Zamalek will win the match.

3) Quick decision Someone is knocking, I'll open the door.

4) offer I'll wash the dishes for you, Mum.

5) making arrangements I'll wait for you at 7 o'clock at the bus stop.

6) threat I'll dial the police if you don't leave now.

7) promise I will buy you a present if you come first.

Predict, expect, hope, believe, think, I'm sure, perhaps

Ex: I expect that Al Zamalek will win the next match.Ex: I hope that Mai will pass the exam.

probably

Ex: It's probably that Asmaa will attend the meeting.Practice

1- I have offered to lend you some money . ( will )………………………………………………………………………………..2- He promised to reward his son . ( will )………………………………………………………………………………3- I expect Ali to pass the test . ( will )……………………………………………………………………………………..4- He will punish us if we make this mistake again . ( threatened )……………………………………………………………………………………….



2. "Going to" to express plans and intentions:

[ Subject + am, is, are + going to +inf. ]be Going to

1intention or plan I'm going to travel to Luxor next week. I plan to travel to Luxor She is going to have a party next month. Sheintendsto have a party

1 Look, listen, watch out. The sky is full of dark clouds. It's going to rain. Look! This tree is going to fall.

1 (will + Inf.be going to:

-going towill-willgoing to

Practice1- I intend to buy that house . ( going ) ( am )…………………………………………………………………………2- We have planned to spend the summer holiday in Alex . ( going )…………………………………………………………………………3- I'm going to study abroad . ( decided )………………………………………………………………………….4- Do you intend to join the university ? ( going )………………………………………………………………………..

3.The present continuous:

[ Subject + am, is, are + V-ing ]

I'm leaving early today. I've arranged it with the boss. I'm travelling to London this evening. I've booked the ticket.

:( go, come, see, visit, meet, leave, to have.)

I'm seeing my dentist tomorrow morning. I've an appointment.Practice

1- We arranged to fly to London tomorrow . ( flying )……………………………………………………………………………2- I arranged to meet him next Monday . ( meeting )…………………………………………………………………………….



Choose the correct answer:`1- He hasn't studied hard. I think he-------------------this exam.

a- will fail b- fails c – is going to fail d- failed2- You -------------------it if you aren't careful.a-are breaking b-will break c – have broken d- are going to break

3- My brother -----------------twenty next week.a- will be b- is being c – is going to be d- is

4- The sky is cloudy, I think it-----------------------------------.a- is going to rain b- has rained c – will rain d- would rain

5- The ceiling of the room doesn't look very safe, it ----------------------.a- will fall b- is falling c – is going to fall d- falls

6- I------------------my uncle at the airport at six o'clock.a- am going to meet b- am meeting c – will meet d- meet

7- What will you -------------------tomorrow?a- do b- doing c – are doing d- going to do

8- If you play well, you----------------------the match.a- is going to win b-win c – will win d- would win

9- He -------------------to London next week, he has booked the tickets.a- traveling b- is traveling c – will travel d- travels

10- He is filling the bucket with water. He ----------------------the car.a- will wash b- washes c- has washed d- is going to wash

11- We are saving up because we ---------------------------buy a car.a- will b- are being c – are going to d- would

12- You -------------punished if you make that mistake again.a- will be b- is being c – is going to be d- is

13- I------------------work in an hour. I have arranged it with my boss.a- will leave b- am leave c – will d- am going to leave

14- How old are you?- I………….37nextFebruary.a- am b- am going to be c – will be d- am being

15- I expect the next match…………….much more difficult.a- will be b- is going to be c – is being d- has been

16- Go and see that film. I'm sure that you………………it.a- will enjoy b- are enjoying c – are going to enjoy d-enjoy

17- Keep quiet or I …………you out of the class.a- am sending b- will send c – send d-am going to send

18- Perhaps, my family…………go to Paris the next holiday.a- are going to b- going to c – shall d-will

19- Look out! The rock is loose. It……………on your head.a- is going to fall b- will fall c – is falling d- falls

20- Look! He………..off his bike.a- will fall b- is going to fall c – falls d-will have fallen



Supply the missing parts in the following dialogue:Seham : where are you going on holiday?Reham : ----------------------------(1)---------------------------------------.Seham : Why are you going to Sharm Elsheikh?Reham :-----------------------------(2)---------------------------------------.Seham :-----------------------------(3)---------------------------------------?Reham : My father and my two sisters.Seham :-----------------------------(4)--------------------------------------?Reham : We are going to leave on Friday.Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets:

1 – They have arranged to start a new business. ( going to)

2- I prefer reading books to watching films. ( rather)

3- I'll resign if I don't get a pay rise. (threatened)

4- Perhaps he will arrive tomorrow. (may)

5- I plan to complete my study abroad. (going)

5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:1- if you sit in a traffic jam, your lungs will fill with the smoke from cars.2- We can lead a better life thanks to scientific exhaust.3- Today’s cars run more sufficiently than in the past.4- We need petrol in order to breathe and live.Read the following passage then answer the questions:

Mr. Ibrahem has been driving a car for several years and he had always been a very careful driver.He often drove into town and he had to pass traffic lights on the way. One day the first traffic lightswere just changing from green to red when he passed them. Almost at once, a policeman ordered himto stop. And asked him why he hadn't stopped at the red light. He answered that he was afraid to stopsuddenly because if a car had been just behind him, it might have his.

The policeman answered angrily that there was no excuse and only foolish drivers who weredriving close behind him would do so. The policeman warned him to be more careful but he didn't finehim and let him pass.



Mr. Ibrahem thanked the policeman and drove very careful to the next traffic lights where he hadto stop suddenly when he the light changed. At the same moment something hit his back of his car.When he looked around he saw the same policeman. The front tyre of his car was pressed against theback of Ibrahem's car.Answer the following questions:

1- Why did the policeman stop Mr. Ibrahem?2- Who hit Mr. Ibrahim's car? Why?3- Show that the policeman was kind-hearted man.4- What does the black typed word refer to?

Choose the correct answer:1- The policeman was----------------------driver.a- careful b- careless c- carefree d- modest2- Mr. Ibrahem was---------when he saw the same policeman hit his car.a- happy b- worried c- pleased d- surprised

7) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following:a) How we can protect the environment.b) Pollution.

TranslationA) Translate into Arabic:

In fact, pollution is considered man's enemy. Many of our serious diseases are due tothe different kinds of pollution. The government all over the world should co-operate toput an end to this serious problem.……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….B) Translate into English:

…………………………………………………………………………………

- …………………………………………………………………………………

- ………………………………………………………………………………….


Assiut – Sahel SeleemSeinor teacher




shoreشاطىءconflictصراعspadeجاروفIn conflictفى صراع

beachبلاجDepend onيعتمد علىً donationتبرع New citiesيربح مالاcomfortable conditionsظروف مريحةdonateيتبرعpopulationسكانdonorمتبرع

industrial cityمدينة صناعيةdroughtقحط/ جفاف economic cityمدينة اقتصاديةdraughtتيار هواء شديد

the home ofموطن لــــharvestيحصد-حصاد home toموطن لـــhungerجوعpopular withمشهور لــ/ محبوبhungryجائع

near toبالقرب منmalnourishedسوء التغذيةmove awayيبعدshortageنقص

Reason forسبب لـــfightingمحاربةprovideيزود/ يمد commonمعروف/ شائع

replaceيستبدلin commonمشتركdifferent fromمختلف عنcharity workersعمال الجمعيات الخيرية

portميناءcropsمحاصيلFood programmeبرنامج غذاءgenetic engineeringهندسة وراثية

regionalاقليمىsuffer fromيعانى من

Reading

New CitiesEgypt has the world’s largest programme of city building. Between 1989 and 2009,

the country built 20 cities and is now planning to build 45 more. Some of these cities arepopular with companies who want their workers to live in comfortable conditions near totheir place of work. An example is Sadat City, a large industrial city between Cairo andAlexandria. The government built these new cities because the population of Cairo hadbecome too large.

Until 1960, Rio de Janeiro had always been Brazil’s capital. In 1960, a completelynew city in the middle of the country became the capital. Called Brasilia, the city now hasa population of about three million and is the home of the country’s government. Manypeople from all over the country helped to build Brasilia. When the city was finished,these workers did not want to go home, so new villages were built near to the city wherethey could live.

Saudi Arabia also has a new city building programme and is going to build six newcities in the next few years. The most important of these will be King Abdullah EconomicCity ( KAEC). It is on the Red Sea 100 km north of Jeddah and will be the country’s mostimportant port. They started building KAEC in2006. They hope to finish it in 2025. When itis complete, the city will cover 388 square kilometers, be home to two million people andprovide one million jobs.



Extra Reading

Fighting world hungerHuger was common among poor people everywhere in Charles Dickens’s time, and it

is still a big problem in many parts of the world. Charity workers think that there are about925 million hungry people in the world today. One charity, The World Food Programme,helps to feed more than 90 million malnourished people in70 different countries every year.

Scientists say that there is enough food for everyone in the world and that nobodyneeds to suffer from hunger. So why are there so many hungry people? One reason is thatthere are poor harvests after a drought. Most crops do not grow when there is not enoughwater. This means that the price of ordinary food, like rice or bread, goes up in poorer countries.War or regional conflicts can also lead to food shortages.

So how are charities helping people? The World Food Programme has 30 ships, 70planes and 5, 000 lorries which take food and other help to the areas that need it most. Inrecent years, this charity, which depends on donations, has worked in East Africa, Pakistan,Afghanistan and Sudan.

Charities do everything they can to help and scientists are growing new crops usinggenetic engineering to produce more food. Still, hunger will continue to be a problem for many years.

Reading Questions1 ) Why do you think some countries are building new cities?

To move people away from other big cities which are crowded with people.2) How are new cities different from old cities?

New cities will be new in every aspects, houses, schools, hospitals…etc. Even life will be new.3) Would you like to live in a new city? Why \ Why not?

Yes, I’d like to live in a new city. There I can start a new life with new people.No, I wouldn’t like to live in new cities as I can’t leave my old friends and the place where I was born.

4) Why are there many hungry people although there is enough food?What are the causes of hunger?Because of droughts, the high prices of food, wars and regional conflicts.

5) What do charities and scientists do to solve the problem of hunger?Charities do everything they can to help and scientists are growing new crops using geneticengineering to produce more food.

6) What do charities depend on?They depend on donations.



Workbook Revision B1 Finish the following dialogue:Leila : I think it's the hottest day of the year today.Sara : a)………………………………….. . It was hotter last week.Leila : Could you do me a favour?Sara : b)………………………………………………………………..Leila : Can you open the window?Sara : c)………………………………………………………………..Leila : d)………………………………….. …..It's too hot inside.Sara : Go to the park? That's a good idea!

2 Write what you would say in each of the following situations:a. A friend asks you why there are so many cars outside the school. Give reasons.b. Your brother/sister asks you to help him/her with some homework. You do not have time to do this.c. You would like a student in your class to help you with a maths question. You do not know the student very well.d. You read the same book as your friend. Your friend says that the book is very good. You think the same.

3 Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d:1- When John first moved to Cairo from England, he felt like a ……… out of water.

a. boat b. fish c. man d. cat2- It was a……………. to hear about the massive earthquake

a. lie b. truth c. pain d. shock3- Please can you the door when you leave the building7

a. lock b. fit c. influence d. repeat4- Hassan's brother always ……Hassan when he can't find his pen!

a. fits b. blames c. plans d. digs5- If the toy car does not work, you should put in a new ……………..

a. route b. battery c. fact d. password6- The …………………. of Cairo is growing every year.

a. population b. people c. pros d. national7- My fat her has never ……….. to go to hospital.

a. need b. needs c. needing d. needed8- ……………………. you enjoyed your time in the museum!

a. Do b. Have c. Did d. Has9- Amira's sister agreed ….… the medicine, although she didn't like it

a. to take b. taking c. took d. take10- Have you finished ……………… that book that I gave you!

a. to read b. reading c. read d. reads11- I expect that Ahmed …………….. to university next year.

a. goes b. go c. will go d. went12- Dina can't see her friends this afternoon . She ………. her mother in the kitchen.

a. helps b. is helping c. helped d. was helping

4 Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets, to give the same meaning.1. This is the first time Salma has ever traveled to Sharm El Sheikh. (never)2. What do you intend to do during the weekend? (going)3. He mustn't repeat those mistakes. (avoid)4. My father always walked to work when he was young. (used)



5 Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:1. In 1800, two percent of the world's pollution lived in other cities.2. Urban life has its pros and coins.3. A Child's Garden of Verses is a book of poets.4. If you sit in a traffic jam, your lungs will fall with the smoke from cars.

6 Read the following passage, then answer the questions:People have told poems for thousands of years. The first poets probably told or sang poems topeople at special events. Some of the poems were very long and they told a story about history.Perhaps the oldest poem is the Epic of Gilgamesh, about a king in Iraq. It is very long and is about4,000 years old.Arabic poetry was the first to use rhyme: people began to write rhymes in English poems in aboutthe twelfth century. Poets have written hundreds of kinds of poem since then. Some continue totell stories, others have silly rhymes to make people laugh, and some do not rhyme at all. Mostpoems, however, make people think and sometimes see the world in a different way.1. Why do you think that people did not write the first poems in books72. How old is the world's oldest poem?3. What is it about!4. Why do some poets write silly rhymes?5. …………… first used rhyme in poetry.a. The Arabs b. The Ancient Egyptiansc. Gilgamesh d. The English6 What do most poems do?a. make people laugh b. rhymec. tell stories d. make people think

Answer only four of the following questions:1. What is a census?2. How does the information from the census help the government?3. Which do you prefer to read, poems or stories? Say why4. In your opinion, what might be expected replacements for oil in the future?5. How do you think farmers will be able to "grow fuel" in their fields?6. In what way can a census solve society's problems?

8. Answer the following questions:'He saw a sign which said "London, 70 miles." He did not know how long this would take towalk, but he decided that London would be a good place for him to go. Even Mr Bumblewould not be able to find him in that great city he had heard of where there would be somany opportunities for him.'a) What is Oliver Twist running away from'b) Why does Oliver decide to go to London?c) Who does Oliver meet on the journey to London?

9) Write an email of about NINETY (90) words to a friend about a place that you know inthe city or the countryside:

10) A Translate into Arabic:1 We should protect the environment so we can live in a clean world.2 Fareeda stopped to talk to her friend on her way home.

B Translate into English:.لم استمتع بقراءة قصة مثیرة كھذه من قبل-



diseaseمرضbatheيستحم infectionالعدوىinvitationدعوة

upحديث –to -date مصاب-ملوثinfectedinfectiousمعدى update)بيانات(يحدث

outbreakإنتشار المرض out-of-dateقديمwildlifeيةالحياة البرinspectيفتش cleanlinessالنظافةinspectionتفتيشflyذبابةpartnerشريكbathe=have a showerيستحمdigestionهضمpoisonسم digestيهضمpoisonousسامimproveيحسنtoxicسامdisappointedمحبط

sanitationالنظافة العامة get fitيصبح لائق بدنيا hygieneالنظافة الشخصيةkeep fitعلى لياقته يحافظhygienicصحىlawقانون

germجرثومة lawyerمحامىlonelinessالوحدة dirtsقاذروت lonelyوحيد advertisementsاعلانات

politenessالادبonlineعلى الانترنتcleanlinessالنظافةadviceنصيحةgermicideد جراثيم مبيadviseينصح

insectحشرةPublic placesاماكن عامةBird fluإنفلونزا الطيورdomesticاليف-ى منزل

believeيصدق -يعتقد postersملصقات اعلانيةstomachمعدة.decide to +Infيقرر

stomach acheالم بالمعدةdecide on +nounيحدد an expertخبير Pass diseaseينقل مرض

rulesقواعدtastes deliciousمذاق جميل unusualغير عادىvirusفيروس

catch a diseaseيصاب بمرض?..How oftenكم عدد المراتcatch a fluيصاب بالانفلونزاmultiplyيتكاثرcatch coldيصاب بالبردstairsسلالم

cough smells badرائحته كريهةیكح breathe keep….cleanيحافظ على نظافةيتنفس

under controlتحت السيطرةbreathنفسPut on weightيزداد وزناsmokingتدخينlose weightيفقد وزناcigarettesسجائرpatientمريض- صبور healthyصحى

farmمزرعةunhealthyغير صحىprotectيحمى healthierبصحة اكثر

avoidيتجنبlungsرئتينfingerأصبع heartقلب

damagedتالفchemicalsمواد كيميائية

Unit 7 Health and Safety



Prepositionscoverيغطى بــــPass from…toالى.. تنتقل من withdie ofيموت منcareful aboutبخصوص حريص

die from) حرق–لدغة ( یموت من land onيهبط علىprotect….fromيحمى من unusual forغير معتاد لـ

possible forممكن لـــlook afterيعتنى بـــ walk upيصعد لاعلىbad forضار بــــ

on the leftيسار على الput on weightيزداد وزناً

Examples:- Dirty hands will be covered with millions of germs.- Make sure that flies and other insects do not land on your food.- Many infections of the stomach pass from one person to another.- Smoking is bad for your heart.

Expressions تعبیراتgive adviceيعطى نصيحةlook onlineيبحث على الانترنت

follow adviceيتبع نصيحةwalk up the stairsيصعد السلالمdo\play sportsيمارس رياضةsmoke cigaretteيدخن سجائر

stop smokingيتوقف عن التدخينstay fitيظل لائق بدنياa healthy lungة صحيةرئhigh in fatعالى الدهونonline adviceنصائع على الانترنتmake you illيجعله مريضا

breathe smokeيستنشق دخانsoft drinkمشروب غازىExamples:- You should stop smoking to enjoy a healthier life.- You should avoid eating food which is high in fat.- You should look online for ways to stop smoking.- Which sport do you do \ play?- My uncle always coughs when he walks up the stairs to his flat.

- Definitions تعریفاتDisease مرض

IItt iiss aann iillllnneessss oorr sseerriioouuss mmeeddiiccaall ccoonnddiittiioonn..Flu إنفلونزا

IItt iiss aa ccoommmmoonn ddiisseeaassee wwhhiicchh iiss lliikkee aa bbaadd ccoolldd bbuutt iiss mmoorree sseerriioouuss..Infected / معدى مصاب

HHee iiss ssoommeeoonnee wwhhoo iiss iinnffeecctteedd wwiitthh aa ddiisseeaassee..Outbreak ( ( مرض إنتشار

IItt iiss wwhheenn ssoommeetthhiinngg bbaadd lliikkee aa sseerriioouuss ddiisseeaassee oorr wwaarr ssttaarrttss..Wild ( بالبرارى ( خاص برى

AAnniimmaallss aanndd ppllaannttss tthhaatt lliivvee iinn tthhee wwiilldd aanndd aarree nnoott llooookkeedd aafftteerr bbyy ppeeooppllee oonn ffaarrmmss,, iinn ggaarrddeennss,, eettcc..



How to avoid illnessCleanliness is extremely important in protecting us from infections. Hygiene (your own

cleanliness) and sanitation (public cleanliness) are both important.Many infections of the stomach pass from one person to another because of bad sanitation

and hygiene. If a child has dirty hands, they will be covered with millions of germs which wecannot see. If that child gives sweets to another child, some of those germs will be passed tothe other child. When this child eats some of the germs and may become ill. The child'smother may say that it is because her child ate the sweets, but it is really because her child atethe other child's germs. These are some of the rules of hygiene. You should always wash yourhands before a meal. You should bathe more often in hot weather or when you have beenrunning or been to the gym.

You should also be very careful about the food you eat and the water you drink. Make surethat flies and other insects do not land on your food. Insects eat dirt and there are germs indirt. If insects land on your food, they may pass their germs on to you. You must not leavepieces of food or dirty dishes lying around, because they will attract flies. You can protect foodfrom flies and germs by covering it. You should always boil tap water before you drink it.Finally, you must never eat food that smells bad because it may be poisonous. Do not eat foodfrom a tin if the tin is damaged; the food will probably be bad.

Bird Flu:It is a disease that catches only birds. All kinds of wild birds and farm birds can catch

bird flu. If humans are near infected birds they can catch the disease. However, it is extremelyunusual for humans to catch bird flu from other humans. The outbreak of the bird flu startedin 2003 in Asia. Millions of birds were killed to stop the disease, but by 2005 to 2006, there were newoutbreaks inAfrica, the Middle East and Europe. The disease now is under control.Doctor Hamid’s online advice:Dear Doctor Hamid,My uncle often coughs, when he walks up the stairs to his flat, he often finds it difficult tobreathe. When he was younger, he loved playing tennis and running. He was healthy andalways ate lots of fruit and vegetables. Now he doesn’t do any sports. He says he prefers tosmoke cigarettes. What advice should I give him?AliDear Ali,

Smoking is bad for your lungs, which is why your uncle coughs and finds it difficult tobreathe. Perhaps that is why your uncle stopped playing sports. Smoking is also bad for yourheart. Did you know that thousands of people die because they smoke?It is also bad for you to breathe someone’s cigarette smoke. The smoke has got more than4,000 chemicals in it and some of these are poisonous. They can make you ill.My advice is that you should tell your uncle to stop smoking. There are many ways tostop. He should look online. It might be difficult to stop smoking, but he will have a much healthier life.Doctor Hamdi

Reading



1- What is the difference between hygiene and sanitation?- Hygiene is your own cleanliness while sanitation is public cleanliness.

2- What will dirty hands be covered with?- They will be covered with millions of germs.

3- Why should you wash in hot weather?- Because hot water kill germs.

4- What are germs carried by?- They are carried by dirty hands.

5- What will happen if you eat food that smells bad?- I will be poisoned.

6- What should you do before a meal?- I should wash my hands.

7- What is the cause of infection in hospitals?- The dirtiness of beds.

8- What does a damage tin of food tell you?- It tells me that it may be poisonous.

9- Which organ is easily infected on eating bad food?- The stomach.

10- How should our hospitals be?- They should be clean and equipped properly.

11- What happens if a hospital is not clean?- Patients will be infected.

12- Why are the rules of cleanliness important in hot weather?- Because in hot weather people sweet heavily and germs pass on easily.

13- Why is out-of-date food harmful?- Because it may be poisonous.

14- Can we see germs ? Why ?- No, because they are very tiny\ invisible.

15- How should we keep food ?- By covering it.

16- Why is it dangerous if a child has dirty hands?- Because the child can pass germs to other children.

17- When a child takes a sweet from a friend can the sweet make the child ill?- Yes if the first child's hands are dirty.

18- How can you make sure water is safe to drink?- If I boil it.



19- Why should you bathe more often in hot weather?- To make sure al dirt and germs are killed.

20- What kind of birds can catch bird flu?- All kinds of wild birds as well as farm birds.

21- Can humans catch bird flu from other humans?- It is extremely unusual.

22- When does Ali’s uncle find it difficult to breathe?- When he walks up the stairs.

23- What did Ali’s uncle like doing when he was younger?- He loved playing tennis and running.

24. What did his uncle use to eat?- He used to eat lots of fruit and vegetables.

25. What does Ali’s uncle prefer to do now?- He prefers to smoke. Cigarettes.

26- Why does Ali’s uncle cough?- Because he smokes cigarettes, which are bad for his lungs.

27- Why did Ali’s uncle stop playing sports?- Because he smokes too much which made him ill and weak.

28- How many people die because they smoke?- Thousands of people die because they smoke.

29- Why is it bad for you to breathe someone’s cigarette smoke?- Because the smoke has got 4, 000 chemicals I it and some of these are poisonous.

30- What advice does the doctor give?- He advises him to tell his uncle to stop smoking and to look online to find the ways to stop.

31- What will happen to Ali’s uncle if he follows this advice?- He will have a much healthier life.

32- Do you know any advertisements or posters that ask people to stop smoking? What do they say?- Yes, there are many advertisements and posters such as:

- Smoking leads to death.- Smoking is the main cause of lungs cancer.- Stop smoking and enjoy a healthier life.

33- Do you think people should smoke in public places such as cafes and libraries? Why? Why not?- No, people mustn’t smoke in public places as there are a lot of people in these places.

34- Do you think everyone should stop smoking cigarettes? Why? Why not?- Yes, because smoking is very harmful and can lead to death. People should enjoy a healthier life instead.

35- What would you say to a friend who started to smoke?- I should tell him about the harms of smoking and that he should stop it before it is too late.



should - You should take exercise- You ought to apply for this job .

Shouldوالتعبیرات التالیة تساوى استخدام - If I were you, I'd + Inf …- It is advisable to + Inf- It is desirable to + Inf- I advise you to + Inf- It is a good idea ( for you ) to + Inf- I suggest + v-ing- You'd rather + Inf- I think it would be a good thing ( for you ) to + Inf- It's important ( for you ) to + Inf- You'd better + inf

shouldn't- You shouldn't eat with dirty hands .- You oughtn't to smoke .

shouldn't - It is not advisable to + Inf- It's inadvisable to + Inf- I suggest not + v-ing- I advise you not to + Inf- It's not a good thing ( for you ) to + Inf- If I were you, I wouldn't + Inf ……

must - You must pay your taxes- You must obey school rules- You must come around and see us )دعوة ( - You must respect your parents

mustوى استخدام والتعبیرات التالیة تساIt's necessary ( for you ) to + InfIt's a necessity ( for you ) to + InfYou are obliged to + Inf

- It's still early, you don't have to hurry .- She doesn't have to buy sugar, there is much .

Subject + should + Inf = subject + ought to + Inf

Subject + shouldn't + Inf = subject + oughtn't to + Inf

Subject + must + Inf = subject + have to / has to + Inf

Subject + don't / doesn't + have to + Inf



t'mustn- You mustn't park your car here. It's forbidden .- You mustn't smoke in hospital. It's prohibited .- You mustn't drive a car without a license .- You mustn't touch an infected bird .

mustn'tستخدام والتعبیرات التالیة تساوى اIt's forbidden\prohibited\ banned to + InfIt's not allowed ( for you ) to + InfYou are not allowed to + Inf

Practice1- I advise you to take exercise . ( should )……………………………………………………………………………………2- I think it is better to wear the seatbelt when you drive. (ought )……………………………………………………………………………………3- It's necessary to get a ticket to travel by train . ( must )…………………………………………………………………………………………..4- You mustn't tell anyone this secret . ( allowed )…………………………………………………………………………………………..5- Don't smoke in this room . ( mustn't )…………………………………………………………………………………………6- You mustn't walk on the grass . ( forbidden )………………………………………………………………………………………7- It's inadvisable to waste your time . ( You ……. )…………………………………………………………………………………………

1) Finish the following dialogue:Ali fell ill last week. His friend Ahmed went to see him at home.

Ahmed : What's wrong with you ?Ali : ……………………(1)………………………………… .Ahmed : Did you go to the doctor ?Ali : Of course. I did .Ahmed : ………………………(2)…………………………… ?Ali : He said I might have eaten some bad food .Ahmed : ………………………(3)…………………………….. ?Ali : I bought a sandwich from a Take-away shop. The doctor said it was covered with germs .Ahmed : …………………………..(4)……………………………….. ?Ali : Yes, he did. He also advised me not eat anything for two days.A) Choose the correct answer :1- You must (cover – uncover – discover – recover) food to protect it from flies .2- ( Teens – Tens – Tins – Tunes ) of food mustn't be out-of-date .3- You should ( breathe – bathe – pass – press ) more often in hot weather4- ( Sanitation – Hygiene – Laundry – Soap ) is personal cleanliness5- The food ( smells – tastes – feels – touches ) delicious .

Subject + mustn't + Inf



6- ( Cleanliness – Hygiene – Sanitation – Dirt ) is a source of germs .7- Flies are dangerous (birds – insects – animals – fish) that can carry diseases from human to human .8- Bird flu can ( go – pass – leave – move ) from an infected bird to another9- We must ( love – avoid – avail – verify ) touching chickens infected with bird flu .10- She ( set – put – laid – lied ) on a lot of weight as a result of eating much fat11- Scientists all over the world think the disease is (below – under –beneath – underneath) control .12- A ( seller – caller – cellar – cell ) is someone who makes a telephone call .13- (Clean – Cleanly – Cleaned – Cleanliness) protects us from infectious diseases14- Bird (cold – cough – flu – illness) is a disease which both farm and birds may catch .15- Three hundred people died ( by – about – on – of ) bird flu .16- There is a "No Smoking " sign. We (must – mustn't – should –shouldn't) smoke here.17- You (must – should – shouldn't – mustn't) wash your hands before having your meals .18- To drive a car, one ( must – mustn't – should – shouldn't ) get a license first .19 Drivers ( should – must – shouldn't – mustn't ) stop their cars when the traffic lights are red .20- Experts believe the recent (outcome – output – outline – outbreak) of bird flu started in Asia in 2003.21- You must never eat food that smells bad because it may be (delicious–generous – poisonous – efficient)22- The robbers broke (into – out – with – at) the room through the back window.23- Germs (multiply – decrease – vanish – disappear) more quickly during hot weather24- We must not eat food that ( send – talks – smells – sinks ) bad25- Your own cleanliness is (Hygiene – Sanitation – intention – condition )26- Cleanliness is extremely important in protecting us from (health – wealth – infection – waste)27- You (must – should – shouldn't – mustn't) eat too much chocolate .28- You ( mustn't – shouldn't – must – should ) leave lots of dirty dishes in the sink .29- You ( mustn't – shouldn't – must – should ) go out without eating something30- Cleanliness protects us (for – of – from – to) hygiene are very simple.31- A / An (sense – outcome – outbreak – influence) is the beginning of something bad like a serious disease .32- When a wound is (infection – infected – fiction – healthy ) that means it has harmful bacteria .33- In hospitals, patients are in ( wards – words – worms – wars )34- ( Sanitation – Infection – flu – Hygiene ) is public cleanliness .35- We have to (make – equip – give – take) our schools with modern computers .36- Do you think I (have to – should – must – ought) tell the teacher what happened37- You ( shouldn't – mustn't – oughtn't – needn't ) drink this. It is poison.38- You should ( obeyed – obeys – obey – obeying ) your teacher39- You must ( help – helps – helping – helped ) old people .40- We have to keep our flat ( cleaned – cleaning – clean – cleanliness ) and tidy .41- A germicide is a substance that kills (bacteria – germs – pests – insects)42- Don't let insects land ( in – on – off – at ) your food .43-If you have (killed – touched – eaten – fed) an infected bird, you must wash very well44- A all with equipment for doing physical exercise is called ( class – gym – lab – library )45- Don't leave dirty dishes lying ( on – around – off – over ) so as not to attract flies46- This food is bad. It is ( in – out – up – over ) of date .47- Don't eat food from a tin if the tin is (labeled – damaged – new – painted)48- Hospitals should be clean and ( dirty – small – old – equipped )49- Disease is another word for (protection – cure – prevention – illness)50- Infections can ( carry – swallow – eat – pass ) very quickly from one person to another51- You ( must – mustn't – should – might ) talk in the school library .



B) Rewrite :1- He should wash his hands before he eats . (shouldn't)

2- I advise you not carry that heavy suitcase . ( should )

3- It's forbidden for children to swim in the lake . ( mustn't )

4- It's not good for you to eat too much chocolate . (shouldn't)

5- It's necessary for you not to leave children alone at home . ( mustn't )

6- It's a good idea to make a study plan . ( should )

7- I advise to relax after a long tiring work . ( ought to )

8- I suggest not reading until 3.00in the morning (shouldn't )

9- You should send him a letter . ( better )

10- You mustn't smoke here . ( allowed )

11- It is forbidden to park your car here . ( mustn't )

12- You mustn't climb trees . (necessary )

13- You shouldn't live near infected birds . ( if )

5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:1- If you want to avoid infectious, you must always wash your hands.2- Dirty hands are covered in millions of cons.3- Researchers are people who do researches.4- One day, I think that scientists will sold the problems of pollution.

:7) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the followinga) How to avoid illness.b) Protection is better than cure.

Translation :A) Translate into Arabic :.8

1- Fifty years ago, our environment was much cleaner than today.2- Personal cleanliness is important if we want to stay healthy.B) Translate into English :

.أحیانا تكون الوقایة خیر من العلاج-1



actorممثلwriterكاتبactressممثلةtheatre groupفرقة مسرحية

patronراعى -ممول diaryنوتة-مفكرة patronageتمويلdairyمصنع ألبان

performanceأداء the truthالحقيقةperformيؤدى Tell the truthيقول الحق

theatreمسرحsoldierجندى stageخشبة المسرحfeelingsمشاعر

obviousواضحsend awayيُقصى -يبُعد wanderيتجول find outيكتشفwonderيتساءلglobeالعالم beatيهزمglobalعالمى

winيفوزglobalizationالعولمة –won-wonpoetryشعر fightيقاتل-قتال poemقصيدة شعرية mistakeخطأ poetر شاعmake mistakeيخطأ

poetessشاعرة by mistakeعن طريق الخطأ playsمسرحياتrealizeيدرك

financialمالىeffectأثرguiltذنبeffectiveمؤثر/ فعال

guiltyمذنب affectيؤثرinnocentبرىءinjureيصاب innocenceبراءةinjuredمصابfoolishأحمقinjuryإصابهshameخجل/ خزى composerملحن موسيقى/مؤلف

Part ownerشريك فى الملكية turning pointنقطة تحول captureيأسرwindرياح captivityأسرseveralعديد

playwrightكاتب مسرحىtake backيستردartistفنان go on holidayيذهب فى أجازة

musicianعازف موسيقىmiss + personيشتاق -يفتقد hat makerصانع قبعاتmiss + vehicleلا يلحق

glove makerصانع قفازاتhobbyهواية

Unit 8 William Shakespeare



is someone who performs in a play or a film.An actoris someone who supports or gives money to an organization, artist,A patronmusical performer, etc.

means to do something to entertain people especially in public.To perform.is a building with a stage where plays are performedA theatre

Prepositionsborn in + placeولٌد فى.be able to + Infقادر على

born on + dateولُد فى be capable of + V-ingقادر على perform inفىيمثلgo on holidayيذهب فى اجازةlive onيعيش على .decide to + Infحريص بخصوص

live inيعيش فى send awayيطرد the son of.....إبن obvious toواضح لـ

the owner..... مالك wander aroundيتجول حول of

Make and dodomake

make a decisionيصنع قرار do damageيسبب تلفا make mistakesيرتكب أخطاءdo homeworkيعمل الواجب

make moneyيكون ثروة do a jobيؤدى وظيفة do a quizأحجية / يحل لغز \ puzzle يسبب ضوضاءmake a noise

do aيمارس رياضة sport يقترحmake a suggestionmake a promiseيوعد do showsيقدم عروض

=


judgmentقضاء - حكم criticناقد fairnessعدل mercyرحمة

justiceالعدل gloryمجدcommit folliesیرتكب حماقات Long forیشتاق لــ

budgetمیزانیةfascinationإبھار criticismنقدfascinatingمُبھر

Definitions



L

William ShakespeareHe was born on April 23, 1564, in Stratford in the Midlands

of England. His father was a glove maker.William went to school whenhe was 7, but had to leave at the age of 14 because his family had financial problems.

When he was 18, Shakespeare married a farmer's daughter called Anne Hathaway.William and Anne had three children. After that, no one is sure what Shakespeare did but,in 1592, he left his family and went to London to become an actor.

Soon he started writing poems, and one of his longest poems, " Venus and Adonis",which was successful that it made him famous. If he hadn't found a patron at this time, hewouldn't have become a famous writer.

By 1594, Shakespeare was a well- known actor and writer who wrote and performedfor a theatre group called The King's men. Shakespeare had started writing plays in 1588and, for the next 17 years, he wrote two plays a year. Many of these were performed atthe Globe Theatre near the River Thames in London. His five most famous plays areprobably Romeo and Juliet, A midsummer Night's dream, Hamlet, king Lear andMacbeth. Shakespeare part-owned the Globe Theatre, and he made a lot of money fromit. He had enough money to buy a very large house in Stratford, and retired here in 1611.Shakespeare died on April 23, 1616.

King LearLear is the king of Britain. When he is old,

he decides to give his country to his three daughters,Goneril, Regan and Cordelia. But before he does this, he asks them to tell him how muchthey love him. Two of his daughters, Goneril and Regan, say they love him much morethan they really do. Cordelia does not say very much. She does not know how to describeher love for her father. Lear is angry with Cordelia and gives all his money and land toGoneril and Regan. Cordelia is sent away to live in France where she marries the king.

Old Lear soon discovers that he has made a terrible mistake. It is soon obvious to himthat Goneril and Regan said that they loved him only so that they could have his moneyand his country. The truth is that they do not love their father at all. Lear wanders aroundthe country with his last two good friends until they arrive in Dover.

In France, Cordelia hears what has happened to her father. She comes to England withsoldiers to try to save him and to take his country back from her two sisters. Englishsoldiers arrive in Dover and beat the French. Cordelia and Lear are captured and taken toPrison. Here, Cordelia tells her father how much she really loves him.

Listening

Reading



1- Who is Lear?- He is the king of Britain.

2- How many daughters does Lear have?- Three daughters.

3- Why does King Lear decide to give up his country?- Because he is old.

4- What does he want to know from his daughters?- He wants to know how much they love him.

5- What do Goneril and Regan tell their father?- They say they love him more than they really do.

6- Why is Cordelia sent away to France?- Because she does not know how to describe her love to her father.

7- What happens to Cordelia when the king sends her away to France?- She married the king.

8- What terrible mistake does King Lear make?- When he sent Cordelia away to France.

9- What is the truth about Goneril and Regan?- The truth is that they don't love their father at all.

10- Why does Cordelia come to England with French soldiers?- To try to save her father and take his country back.

11- Where does King Lear go after he gives up his country?- He goes to Dover.

12- What happens to Cordelia and her father in the end?- They were captured and taken to prison.

13- When does Cordelia tell her father how much she really loves him?- In the prison.

14- How do you think Cordelia feels when she hears what has happened to her father?- She feels sad and sorry because she loveshim.

15- How do you think Lear feels when he finds out how much Cordelia loves him ?- He feels ashamed and regret.

16- What do you think Lear learns from the mistakes he has made?- He learns that people can have feelings without talking about them.

17- What does Cordelia do when she hears what has happened to her father?- She comes to England with soldiers to save her father.

18- Why was Lear angry with Cordelia?- Because she does not know how to describe her love for her father.

19- How did Cordelia try to save her father?- She comes to England with soldiers.

20-Could Cordelia save Lear? Why? Why not?- No, because her two sisters' soldiers could defeat her soldiers.

21- How did King Lear punish Cordelia?- He sent her away to France.

22-How did Goneril and Regan deceive their father?- They told him that they loved him very much then they took his country and money.

23-Who puts Lear and Cordelia in prison? Why?- The soldiers of Goneril and Regan.



The Third Conditional of " If "

تعكس ة ل ة الثالث تخدم الحال ى أدق تس وتستخدم الحالة الثالثة للتعبیر عن ندم على أحداث فى الماضى أو بمعن.حالة الماضى أى أننا نتخیل عكس ما حدث فى الماضى

- If I had studied hard, I would have passed the exam.: )الجملة أصلھا كالأتى. ( لامتحانلو ذاكرت جیداً لكنت نجحت فى ا

- I didn't study hard so I didn't pass the exam.- If Al Zamalek hadn't played well, theywouldn't have wonthe match.

)الجملة أصلھا ( لو لم یلعب الزمالك جیداً لما فاز بالمباراة - Al Zamalek played well so they won the match.

Ifلو لدینا جملتین فى الماضى فإننا نستخدم الحالة الثالثة من -.فى الحالة الثالثة فإننا ننفى الجملة المثبتة ونثبت الجملة المنفیةIfعند إستخدام -

Practice- He didn't have enough money, so he sold his car . ( If )………………………………………………………………………………………………….- He was ill because he ate bad food . ( If )………………………………………………………………………………………………….- He wasted his time, so he failed . ( If )………………………………………………………………………………………………….

HadIfHad + S. + P.P……….., S. + would have + P.P …..

* If he had read the letter, he would have known the news. (Had)- Had he read the letter, he would have known the news.

:ویمكن استخدامBut for \ Without + v-ing / noun = If + not + Sub. …..

* If he hadn't apologized, I wouldn't have forgiven him. (Without)………………………………………………………………………………………………

) If+ جملة مثبتة ( بدلاً منIn case of + noun / v-ingویمكن استخدام * If he had come early, I would have met him. ( In case of )………………………………………………………………………………………………

If + subject + had + P.P.…,subject + would have + P.P...






1) Supply the missing parts in the following dialogue between Rania and her teacher :Teacher : ……………(1)…………………… .Rania : I'm sorry, could you repeat that please ?Teacher : please, open your book at page 23 .Rania : ……………..(2)……………………. ?Teacher : We are going to read about Modern Wonders of the world .Rania : ……………..(3)……………………….. ?Teacher : Yes, there are two of these wonders in Egypt .Rania : …………………..(4)………………………. ?Teacher : They are the light House of Alexandria and the Pyramids at Giza .

2) Write what you would say in each of the following situations:1. You want to congratulate your sister because she has born a baby.2. A friend shows you an article they wrote. Compliment3. Your friend has just passed an important exam.4. Your friend told you that he has lost his wallet.3) Choose the correct answer :-1- King Lear is ( a poem – a play – a novel – a song ) by Shakespeare .2- ( An apprentice–A patron–A poet–A producer ) is someone who supports or gives money to a writer .3- I'm sure he's ( telling – taking – giving – eating ) the truth .4- We walked with nowhere to go. We were (wondering–wandering –soaring – roaring)5- King Lear learnt that people can have (feelings – feedings – sales – fallings ) without speaking about them .6- Why don't you ( do – make – run – move ) your decision about the trip to Luxor ?7- Can I make a ( quiz – suggestion – trick – queue ) about spending our holiday ?8- If we had taken your advice, we (would be saved–would save–would have saved–would have been saved) a lot of time.9- If I ( had had – had – have – have had ) million pounds, I would have probably bought a villa .10- If we had taken the underground, it (might be – would have been –would be –was) cheaper.11- I would have come to see you if I (had known –have known –knew –knowing) your address12- Unless he read the passage carefully, he (will answer – won't answer –wouldn't answer – wouldn't

have answered ) the question .13- You can see films in the Cinema and plays in the ( zoo – theatre – factory – circus )14- The Children are ( digging – performing – farming – shutting ) famous play this afternoon15- This is an easy question. The answer is (hard – public – obvious –impossible)16- I couldn't complete my education because of (financial–solvable–geographical–mathematical)problems .17- Is it always bad to ( do – play – make – give ) a mistake in life ?18- In the end, Lear found ( on – out – of – off ) how much Cordelia loved him .19-Shakespeare wouldn't have become a famous writer if he hadn't found a( hero–breadwinner–patron–composer )20-Shakespeare wouldn't have been so rich if he hadn't been the part( partner–owner–censor–actor ) of a theatre .21-Shakespeare's father was a glove ( founder – maker – doer – performer )22- People ( die – live – eat – retire ) at the age of 60 .23- A piece of clothing worn on your hands is called ( shirt – blouse – socks – glove )24-Being the part owner of the Globe Theatre, Shakespeare (made–discovered– invented–did) alot of money from it.25- We spent the whole morning (wondering–wandering–worrying–sleeping ) around the old part of the city .26- Do you know the ( returning – making – thin – turning ) point of this story .27- If I had run faster, I'd have ( win – won – wins – winning ) the race .



28- If I hadn't lent Emma the car, she wouldn't ( has – have – had – having ) been able to go to Cambridge .29- If I had your address, I ( will – would – can – would have ) send you an invitation .30- The earthquake ( made – did – put – kept ) a lot of damage to the city .31- Are you interested in ( making – taking – doing – setting ) sports ?32- He keeps a little ( calendar – diary – dictionary – album ) in which he writes every day notes .33- The king was ( captured – loved – liked – described ) and sent to prison .34- The Egyptian do the best they can ( to–but–so that–therefore ) they can develop the tourism industry .35- Obvious means ( difficult – hard – bad – easy ) to understand .36- Lear was the ( mayor – president – king – keeper ) of Britain .37- Lear is angry ( on – at – with – to ) his daughter .38- Let's ( make – have – do – made ) this quiz about animals .39- What would you have done if you ( had been – were – have been – are ) free yesterday ?40- Had I a car, I ( will give – would give – can give – would have given ) you a lift .41- What (will happen–would happen–will have happened–wouldhave happened) if you had failed in your exams ?4) Rewrite :1- He didn't come because he was ill . ( if )

…………………………………………………………………………………………………….……………………..2- Unless you study hard, you won't come first . ( If )

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………….3- They didn't play well, so they didn't win the match . ( If )

………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..………………4- He was careless, so he had an accident . ( Without )

……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..…………..5- He wouldn't have traveled if he hadn't finished his work . ( Unless )………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

6- He didn't help her, so she didn't finish in time . ( Had )………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

7- If Mona hadn't had money, she wouldn't have lent me some . ( because )……………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………

8- If I'd known you were busy, I wouldn't have phoned you . ( so )………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….

9- If he hadn't been clever, he wouldn't have answered all the questions. ( Without )…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..

5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:1- I don’t know the reason for his angry.2- King Lear wondered around the country with his last two friends.3- Invitations, you just passed your exams.4- Without his rich pattern, Shakespeare wouldn’t have been a successful writer.6) Read the following passage, then answer the questions :

Gertrude was the Queen of Denmark two months after the death of the king of Denmark. Shemarried Cladius his brother. She did not know that Claduis was evil. People believed that he had killed hisbrother so that he himself might become the king. Hamlet was her son.

Hamlet loved his dead father and was very sad at his death. His mother's marriage made Hamleteven more unhappy. He became tired of the world, he had no more pleasure in the things he used to do.He stopped wanting to read, to play and to do all the things that young men love to do .



Neither Hamlet's mother nor Cladius could do anything to make Hamlet happier. The ghost ofHamlet's father appeared and old his son that Caldius killed him while sleeping. He poured poisonousliquid into his ears and caused his death. He told him that he must kill his uncle but he asked him not to hurt hismother .

Hamlet pretended to be mad. He thought of a plan. He asked the actors to act a story which was likethe death of his father .A- Answer the following questions :1- Why was Hamlet sad ?2- What did the people believe about Cladius ?3- How was Hamlet's father killed ?4- What must Hamlet do after he met the ghost ?B- Choose the correct answer from a, b, c or d :5- The underlined word, "He" refers to ………………….. .

a) Cladius b) Hamlet c) his friend d) his father6- In order to be sure that his uncle killed his father, Hamlet ………………. .

a) became tired of the world b) had no more pleasure in the things he used to doc) asked the actors to act the story which is like the death of his father d) stopped wanting to read

7- After Hamlet had met the ghost, he pretended to be ………………… .a) sad b) mad c) tired d) pleased

Translation :bic :7. A) Translate into Ara

1- Never judge people by their appearances.2- Love is feelings not words.B) Translate into English :

.لا یستطیع الكثیر من الناس التعبیر عن مشاعرھم بسھولة-1






amazingمدهشgraduateخريج-يتحرج amazedمندهش graduationتخرجamazinglyبطريقة مدهشةmedicineدواء-طب

careerحياة مهنية organisationمنظمة difficultyصعوبة organiseينظم

difficultصعب touchاللمس/ يلمس Kung fuكنغ فوlaterفيما بعدChinese sportرياضة صينيةfoundationمؤسسة-foundيؤسس foundedعلاج طبيعىphysiotherapy

-findيجد foundدكتور علاج طبيعىphysiotherapistwheelchairكرسى متحركawardsجوائز

medical treatmentعلاج طبىawardيمنح جائزة musclesعضلاتseveralعديد

fightيقاتل-قتال surprisedمندهشincredibleلا يصدقathleticsالعاب قوى

incrediblyبطريقة لا تصدق athleteرياضى achieveينجز- يحقق Long jumpالوثب الطويل

achievementانجازcompetitionمنافسة inspireيلهمcompeteينافس

inspirationالهام Olympicsالعاب اولمبيةmedalsميدالياتParalympicاولمبياد للمعاقين

accidentحادثةwhereverماأينPE teacherمدرس تربية بدنيةservicesخدمات tennis playerلاعب تنسcomplimentمجاملة

architectمهندس معمارىcongratulationsتهانىarchitectureهندسة معماريةcongratulateيهنىءblindاعمىmetalمعدن

deafاصمchampionبطل رياضىdumbابكمstadiumإستاد رياضى

handicappedمعاقnest)للطيور(عش disabledمعطل- معوقengineerمهندس مدنى

brailleطريقة برايلthroughoutجميع انحاء/ فى كل tutorمعلم خصوصىcharitiesجمعيات خيرية

Unit 9 Amazing People



Prepositions حروف جرcompliment….onعلمجاملةpatient withصبور مع

congratulate….onيهنىء علىwith the help ofبمساعدةlook forيبحث عنhelp out withيساعد

difficult forصعب لــــ popular forمحبوب منfall offيسقط من علىon holidayفى اجازةcrash toيصطدم بــــreason forسبب لــــwork forيعمل لدىtreatment forعلاج لــــ

work onيعمل على اصلاحnear toبالقرب منplan toيخطط أنfight withبــــ/ يقاتل مع

plan forخطه لـــfight forيقاتل من اجلhear aboutيتلقى اخبار عنtravel onيسافر على

hear ofيسمع عنgood atماهر فىgoodمفيد لـــ forيستيقظwake up

communicate withيتواصل معgood toعطوف علىtake part inيشارك فىOn…..occasionمناسبة....فى

Examples:- In today’s programme, we hear about a brave young man.- The bus fell off the 6th of October Bridge and crashed to the ground.- Physiotherapy means a medical treatment for muscles using exercises.- In Kung fu players fight with their feet and hands.- I always travel to school on the bus.- I congratulated my friend o his success.

Expressions تعبیراتwin awards forكسب جوائز فىيlong-jump competitionمسابقة وثب طويل

do Kung fuيمارس الكنغ فوseem to beيقوم بعمل تعدادrural areaمنطقة ريفيةjump furtherيقفز ابعد

make…..laughيجعلة يضحكdo a jobيؤدى عملtop playerلاعب قمةpass a testيجتاز اختبار

have problemsلديه مشاكلParalympic gamesالعاب اولمبية للمعاقينaward prizes forيمنح جوائز فىdo wellيؤدى جيدا

right answersاجابات صحيحةdo badlyيؤدى بطريقة سيئةExamples:- Helen Killer won many prizes for her work.- We should help people who have problems.- I always want to do Kung fu.- This boy makes me laugh.- Ahmed seems to be clever at doing his job.



Definitions11-- ccaarreeeerr -حیاة مھنیة a job that you plan to do for a long time.22-- ddiiffffiiccuullttyy صعوبة (hhaavvee ddiiffffiiccuullttyy )- a problem33-- KKuunngg ffuu ریاضة الكنغ فو (ddoo KKuunngg ffuu )- A Chinese sport in which people fight with their feet or hands.44-- pphhyyssiiootthheerraappyy علاج طبیعى (pphhyyssiiootthheerraappiisstt )- A medical treatment for muscles, using exercises.55-- wwhheeeellcchhaaiirr -كرسى متحرك A chair with wheels, used by people who cannot walk.66-- iinnccrreeddiibbllee -لا یصدق/ لا یعقل amazing77-- aacchhiieevvee ینجز/ یحقق (aacchhiieevveemmeenntt )

- to succeed in doing something.88-- iinnssppiirree یلھم (iinnssppiirraattiioonn )- To make someone want to do something.99-- bbrraaiillllee -طریقة برایل A type of printing with raised round marks that blind people can read by touching.1100-- ggrraadduuaattee یتخرج (ggrraadduuaattiioonn )- to pass exams at university.1111-- oorrggaanniissaattiioonn منظمة (oorrggaanniissee )- A group that a lot of people belong to so that they can meet and do something together.1122-- ttuuttoorr -معلم خصوصى a teacher of one person or a small group of people.1133-- tthhrroouugghhoouutt فى كافة انحاء- all over1144-- aawwaarrdd -یمنح جائزة/ جائزة Prize or to give prize.

CCoommpplliimmeennttss aanndd CCoonnggrraattuullaattiioonnss CCoommpplliimmeennttss ::-- II mmuusstt ssaayy iitt’’ss ggrreeaatt tthhaatt……………………..-- II’’dd lliikkee ttoo ccoommpplliimmeenntt yyoouu oonn………………-- YYoouu’’vvee ddoonnee vveerryy wweellll..-- TThhaatt’’ss eexxcceelllleenntt..-- YYoouu’’vvee aallwwaayyss bbeeeenn ggoooodd aatt……………… RReepplliieess::-- II ‘‘mm ggllaadd yyoouu lliikkee iitt..-- YYoouu’’rree vveerryy kkiinndd..-- TThhaannkk yyoouu..-- TThhaatt’’ss vveerryy kkiinndd ooff yyoouu..-- TThhaatt’’ss kkiinndd ooff yyoouu ttoo ssaayy ssoo..



Reading

Listening

CCoonnggrraattuullaattiioonnss ::-- CCoonnggrraattuullaattiioonnss!!-- II mmuusstt ccoonnggrraattuullaattee yyoouu oonn……………………-- MMaannyy ccoonnggrraattuullaattiioonnss..-- WWeellll ddoonnee.. RReepplliieess::-- TThhaannkk yyoouu,, II’’mm vveerryy pplleeaasseedd..-- II hhooppee tthhee ssaammee ttoo yyoouu..-- TThhaannkkss,, II ccaann’’tt bbeelliieevvee iitt..

LLaanngguuaaggee NNootteesssseeeemm ttoo ++ IInnff..

EExx:: II tthhiinnkk MMrr.. MMaahhrroouuss iiss cclleevveerr.. == MMrr.. MMaahhrroouuss sseeeemmss ttoo bbee cclleevveerr..EExx:: II tthhiinnkk tthhaatt tthhee hhoorrssee iiss hhuunnggrryy.. == TThhee hhoorrssee sseeeemmss ttoo bbee hhuunnggrryy..EExx:: II tthhiinnkk yyoouurr tteeaamm aarree wwiinnnniinngg.. == …………………………………………………………………………....EExx:: II ddoonn’’tt tthhiinnkk hhee eevveerr wwaannttss ttoo bbuuyy aannyytthhiinngg..

== ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………EExx:: II tthhiinnkk yyoouu’’rree uunnhhaappppyy ttooddaayy.. == ………………………………………………………………………………..

A brave manIn today’s programme, we hear about a brave man whose story will inspire manyyoung people. The brave man’s name is Mahomoud Mohamed Youssef. He likes doingKung fu and decided to be a PE teacher. One day, the bus that Mahmoud was travellingon made an accident. It fell off 6th October Bridge and crashed to the ground. Mahmoudwoke up in hospital. Doctors at the hospital told him that he would never walk again.This was very difficult for him because before the accident, he had been a champion in Kungfu. Mahmoud decided to practice another sport using his hands. He decided to be awheelchair tennis player. After many hours of hard work, Mahmoud became very good atit. He began to train until he began competing in wheelchair tennis, ranked as Egypt’s topsecond player. He recently participated in tournaments in Holland and Kenya.

Helen KillerIt is very hard for people who cannot see or hear. It is even more difficult toenjoy a full life if you are both blind and deaf, but that is what happened to an Americanwoman called Helen Killer. Incredibly, Helen lived a busy life, wrote many books andtravelled to many places before she died, aged 87, in 1968.Helen was born in a rural area of the USA. She could never see or hear anythingbecause of an illness she had when she was a baby. When she was seven, her parentsasked a nurse called Anne Sullivan to help their child. Anne couldn’t see well herself butwas very patient with Helen. She soon understood that this little girl was very intelligent. Anne



used touch to reach her to communicate with her hands. Helen then learnt how to readusing Braille and even learned several things.When she was 20, Helen went to university and in 1904, she became the first deafand blind person to graduate. While she was at university, Helen also wrote the first ofher many books, called The Story of My Life.Helen later worked for the American Foundation for the Blind, an organization thathelps people who cannot see throughout the world. As part of her work, she travelled to 35countries. Helen inspired not only blind people, but others, too. Two films were madeabout her life and she won many awards for her work.

Reading Questions1- Which sport was Mahmoud Mohamed Youssef very good at?

- He was very good at Kung fu.

2- Why does he have to use a wheelchair?- He broke his back after a bus’s accident. He could not walk again.

3- Why didn’t Mahmoud teach tennis before his accident?- Because he was good at doing Kung fu.

4- What happened to the bus M. M. Youssef was travelling on?- It fell off 6th October Bridge and crashed to the ground.

5- What did the doctors tell M. M. Youssef at the hospital?- They told him that he would never walk again.

6- How did he try to get better?- He decided to practice another sport using his hands instead of his legs.

7- Why is tennis a good sport for people like Mahmoud?- Because players use their hands not their legs at this sport.

8- What does Mahmoud’s story teach us?- It teaches us that:- Nothing is impossible and there is no ends.- Don’t ever say that your life has no meaning.- Whatever the difficulty we have to face it.- How we could challenge our difficulty \ disability.

9- What problems do blind people have?- They cannot see.

10- What problems do deaf people have?- They cannot hear.

11- How hard would it be to be blind and deaf?-Life would be impossible. It would be very difficult to communicate with and understand the others around us.

12- How old was Helen when she died?- She was 87.

13- What made Helen blind and deaf?- Because of an illness she had when she was a baby.



14- Who was Anne Sullivane?- She was a nurse and Helen’s tutor.

15- Why do you think Anne was very patient with Helen?- Because Helen herself could not see well which made her feel Helen’s suffering.

16- How did Anne teach Helen to communicate?- Anne used touch to teach her communicate with her hands.

17- What two important things did Helen achieve at university?- She became the first blind, deaf person to graduate.

- She wrote her first book, The Story of My Life, there.

18- How did Helen help other people who were blind?- She worked for the American Foundation for the Blind, an organization which helps the blind all

over the world. She also travelled 35 countries.

19- Are you surprised that Helen Killer achieved so much in her life? Why\ Why not?- Yes because Helen was blind and deaf.

20- In what ways do you think Helen inspired people?- She taught them that nothing is impossible and how to challenge their difficulty \ disability.

21- How do you think we can help people like Helen Killer and Mahmoud Youssef?- We should encourage them and integrate them with us in life.

22- How can technology help people who have a lost leg or are blind or deaf?- By inventing devices\ substitutive devices that could help them overcome their difficulty.

23- How do you think technology will improve for these people in the future?- It will help them live a better life by providing them with substitutive devices.

24- Do you admire Helen Killer’s character? Say why or why not.- Sure I admire her very much. Although she was blind and deaf, she graduated from the university

and could write many books. She taught me that nothing is impossible.

25- What lesson do you learn from reading about Helen Killer?- I learn from reading about Helen Killer that nothing is impossible and life has no ends.



Definite and indefinite articles The indefinite articles a / an :

نضع" a "ساكن بحرفالبادئ الذى یعدقبل الاسم المفردa pen – a car – a book…….etc.

.(y)ولكنھ ینطق (u)بحرفالبادئ الذى یعدقبل الاسم المفرد" a "نضع a university – a European country – a uniform – a useful thing – a utensil

نضع" an " متحركبحرفقبل الاسم المفرد البادئ(a, e, I, o, u)an elephant – an apple – an orange – an umbrella – an item – an ugly scene

:رك مثلولا ینطق ویلیھ حرف متحساكنبحرفالبادئ الذى یعدقبل الاسم المفرد" an "نضع an hour – an honest man – an x-ray

The use of indefinite articlesa / an عندما یذكر الاسم لأول مرة-1

- We have a house with a garden.- I read a story about a soldier and an old man. لنشیر إلى واحد من عدد -2- We have got a car . )واحدة من السیارات ( لدینا سیارة لنشیر إلى وظائف الأشخاص -3- He is a teacher- My uncle is an engineer.

.قبل الأسماء الجمع أو الأسماء التى لا تعد ولا الأسماء المعنویةa / anوبالطبع لا نستخدم The definite article " the " :

" the " )نكرة أصبح معرفة( ذكره فى الجملة الاولى وتم فى الجملة الثانیة قبل الاسم الذى تكرر-1

- I have gota housewitha garden.The house is small, butthe garden is huge.عندما یكون ھناك واحد فقط من الشئ-2

The sun – the moon – the universe – the world – the horizon – the earth- The sun rises in the east .- Cairo is the capital of Egypt .

قبل الاختراعات والاكتشافات -3- The plane has made travel very fast.

)صیغة المفرد ویأتى بعده الفعل فى ( قبل اسم الحیوان المفرد لنشیر إلى النوع كلھ-4- The camel bears thirst . ( All camels bear thirst )- The giraffe has a long neck . ( All giraffes have long necks )

)التفضیل ( قبل صفات المقارنة القصوى-5- The computer is the most important modern invention .- Ali is the tallest boy in the class .

كلما ... كلما المقارنة زئىقبل ج-6- The more you work, the more you earn .

)ویأتى بعدھا فعل فى صیغة الجمع ( قبل الصفة لنشیر إلى الكل أو الجمع-7The poor = poor people the rich = rich peopleThe blind, the young, the old, the dead, the young, the deaf, the dumb- The rich should help the poor = Rich people should help poor people.



قبل الآلات الموسیقیة -8Play the piano, the violin, the drum, the guitar

قبل أجزاء الیوم -9in the morning, in the afternoon, in the evening

:قبل الأسماء التالیة -10the cinema, the internet, the office, the radio, the theatre, the army, the post office

) للزیارة مثلاً ( قبل أسماء الأماكن التالیة إذا استخدمت لغیر غرضھا الأساسي theتستخدم -11School – university – hospital –prison – mosque – church – market- My father went to the school yesterday. ( As a visitor )- My father went to school yesterday. ( As a teacher) .قبل أسماء البحار والمحیطات والأنھار والقنوات-12The Mediterranean - The Red sea–the pacific ocean–the River Nile–the Suez Canal قبل أسماء سلاسل الجبال ومجموعات البحیرات ومجموعات الجزر -13The Alps – The Himalayas – The Great lakes – The Caribbean islands .الممالك والجمھوریات والسلاطین والإمارات والولایاتقبل أسماء -14- The United States of America \The USA.- The Sultanate of Oman.

- The Arab Republic of Egypt. \ The A.R.E- The United Arab Emirates \ The U. A. E- The Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.

theلا تأخذ ولكن إذا ذكرت الدولة بدون كٌنیتھا فEgypt, America, Oman, Emirates, England. قبل الجھات الأصلیة theنستخدم -15The north of – The south of – The east of – The west of- Libya is in the west of Egypt . :قبل الكلمات الأتیةtheوتستخدم -16The only…..- the first, the second, the third, the fourth…..etc.Ex: Asmaa was the only girl who attended the lesson.Ex: Saturday is the first day of the week. :الكتب المقدسة واسماء الجرائد والمجلاتقبل theوتستخدم -17The Holy Quran- The Holy Bible, The Times

the قبل الأسماء الجمع إذا قصدنا الكلام بشكل عام theلا نستخدم -1

Ex: Flowers have nice smell . ( All kinds of flowers )theنسبقھا بـــاو التخصیص فإنناأما إذا قصدنا التحدید

Ex: The flowers in your garden are beautiful.إذا قصدنا برامج التلیفزیون televisionقبل theلا نضع -2

Ex: I watched a movie on television .إذا قصدنا جھاز التلیفزیون televisionقبل theولكن نضع

Ex: He put the glass on the television .) الذى أنشئت لأجلھ ( الأساسي قبل الأسماء التالیة إذا استخدمت فى غرضھا theلا نستخدم -3

School – university – hospital – bed – prison – mosque – church – marketEx: He went to hospital because he had eaten bad food .

.قبل أسم البحیرة المفردة أو الجبل المفردtheلا نستخدم -4Lake Nasser Mount Everest

westernقبلtheنستخدم لا-5 – eastern – southern – northernEx: I visited southern America .



قبل الوجبات والمواد الدراسیة واللغاتtheلا نستخدم -6dinner – lunch – breakfast – Supper - English – chemistry – French

قبل الشھور وفصول السنةtheلا نستخدم -7winter – spring – autumn – summer – January

ة قبل الأسماء المعنویة والریاضات الأنشطtheلا نستخدم -8Democracy – peace – swimming – football – camping

معtheلا نستخدم -9go home – return home – go to bed :الاسماء العلم المسبوقة بلقبقبل theولا تستخدم -10King Fahad – President Sisi – Princess Diana ـ roomكلمة -11 د وتسبق بـ م یع ى مجال a, anاذا كانت بمعنى حجرة فھى اس ت بمعن ا اذا كان ام

:ھى اسم لا یعد ولا تسبق باداةفEx: I went to a hotel to reserve a room.Ex: There is no room for mistake on doing nuclear experiment.

1- We must give a hand to people who are sick. ( the )……………………………………………………..2- He returned to his house very tired. ( home )……………………………………………………..3- This book is interesting. ( an )……………………………………………………….4- All tigers are members of the cat family. ( the )………………………………………………………..5- Rich people should help poor people. ( The…………)…………………………………………………….6- Cairo is Egypt's capital. ( the )………………………………………………………7- I live in America. ( the)…………………………………………………….8- Mai’s mobile is wonderful. ( The……)…………………………………………………………….9- . She ate some bread. ( a )………………………………………………………………………10- I went to school by bus. ( the )………………………………………………………………………11- Cows give us milk. ( The……)……………………………………………………………………….12- Mr. Mahrous goes to Mersa Matrouh in summer only. ( a )……………………………………………………………………….13- The theif stole my wallet. ( robbed)………………………………………………………………………14- Sahar is from Egypt. ( an )……………………………………………………………………….15-Fahad lives in Oman. ( the )………………………………………………………………………..16- My mobile was made in Emirates. ( the )……………………………………………………………………….17- Donkeys are useful animals. ( The )………………………………………………………………………..



1) Finish the following dialogue:Warda: OK,thisisthelastquestioninthequiz.1)…………..……………….Reem : I think you should have about eight hours sleep.Warda: That'sright2)………………….…………….….You got ten out of ten .Reem : Good. I must say, it was a good quiz. You've always been good at writing them.Warda: 3)……………………….…Do you think you could help me write the next quiz?Reem : 4)……………………………….Wecanwriteitnow.2) Choose the correct answer :-1- Some old people have ( difficult – difficulty – difference – different ) with seeing in the dark.2- Hassan’s broken leg is nearly better, but now he needs to have ( physiotherapy – psychotherapy –

physiology – morphology ) .3- My grandmother has ( achieved – lost – inspired – played ) so much in her life. She was a doctor

and had four children .4- Nabila felt ( ashamed – inspired – bored – tired ) to learn a new language after watching a TV

programme about a woman who can speak eight languages.5- Mr. Taha spent most of his ( career – carry – carriage – courier ) as a teacher.6- You must read this book. The story is ( credible – incredible – incredibly – credibility)7- I saw an interesting Chinese film about some ( judo – Kung Fu – karate – boxing ) fighters.8- We look ( to – in – after – for ) men and women who have achieved things in their lives despite great difficulties.9- This was very difficult (to – in – after – for) because beforethe accident, he had been a champion in Kung fu .10- Suddenly, the bus fell (to – off – after – of) the 6th of October Bridge and crashed to the ground .11- After many hours (to – off – after – of) practice and a lot of hard work, Mahmoud became very good at playing tennis.12- When a person has broken ( a – an – the – no article ) leg, it can take a few months before the leg is better again.13- To make your injured leg strong again, you need(physiotherapy–psychotherapy– physiology–morphology).14- (A– An – The – No article) best way for you to get better is to do more exercises.15- Adel is a space scientist. At the moment , he is studying (a – an – the – no article) moon.16- He had a dream last night. In (a – an – the – no article) dream, he was ten metres tall!17- His cousin is (a – an – the – no article) journalist. He works for a newspaper in Cairo.18- Hamid won an ( reward – award – ward – yard ) for helping out with a lot of charities.19- You will find people who speak English ( throughout – thorough – thoroughly – thoroughness ) the world20- ( Several – Severe – Severally – Service ) students got all their answers right in the test.21- Amal’s sister will (graduate –gradually –graduation –graduated) in medicine this year.22- Mona wants to learn Chinese, so her parents have found her a Chinese ( tutor – kung fu – teeter – turtle )23- Omar seems ( getting – to get – get – to getting ) all the answers right.24- I’d like your compliment ( on – at – in – of ) my drawing.25- I ( congratulated – apologized – thanked – refused ) him on his success.26- Physiotherapy is a medical treatment for ( muscles – skin – bones – blood ) .27- In Kung fu players fight (for – with – to – against ) their feet and hands.28- People who cannot walk can use a ( wheelchair – fake chair – armchair – wood chair )



29- I always loves sports so I have decided to be a ( Science – English – P.E – Arabic ) teacher.30- Blind people use ( beer – bear – pearl – braille ) to read and write.31- Helen was born in a rural area in (a – an – the – no article) USA .32- Two films were made ( into – about – in – of ) Helen’s life.33- Helen’s first book is (call – called – calling – calls) The Story of My life .34- ( Whatever – Whenever – Whichever – Wherever ) you live, it is better than lining here .35- Nurses should be ( patient – cruel – dishonest – aggrerssive ) with patients.36- In my opinion, (a–an–the–no article) most important invention has been (a–an–the–on article) radio .37- I'm ( a – an – the – no article ) English teacher .38- ( A – An – The – no article ) plane has made ( a – an – the – no article ) world a smaller place .39- It can sometimes be difficult to find (a – an – the – no article) radio station .40- If I haven't got much time, I send (a – an – the – no article) text message .41- You shouldn't look at ( a – an – the – no article ) sun. It can damage your eyes .42- Yesterday I found (a–an–the–no article) mobile phone in the road. I took ( a – an – the – on article )

mobile phone to the police .43- ( A – An – The – no article ) mobile phone was invented in 1973 .44- Ali is ( a – an – the – on article ) year older than me .45- We live in (a – an – the – no article) old house near to (a – an – the – no article) Nile .46- (a – an – the – no article) Suez Canal joins (the –a – an – no article) Mediterranean sea and

( a – an – the – no article ) Red Sea47- I am hungry, I want to have ( a – an – the – no article ) lunch .48- ( a – an – the – no article ) Egypt is a great country .49- ( A – An – The – no article ) apples have sweet taste .50- He went to ( a – an – the – no article ) prison because he stole money51- I went to ( a – an – the – no article ) hospital to visit my uncle .52- ( A – An – The – no article ) driver of the car was not hurt .53- He was tired, so he went to ( a – an – the – no article ) bed early .54- He goes to ( a – an – the – no article ) cinema twice a month .

B) Rewrite the following sentences using the words in brackets to give the same meaning.

1- We should help blind people . (the)………………………………………………………………….

2- No student is taller than Islam . (the)………………………………………………………………………

3- Donkeys are useful animals . (The)……………………………………………………………………….

4- Omar read an interesting story. (The)………………………………………………………………………..

4) Find and correct the mistakes in each of the following sentences:

1- Mahmoud Youssef couldn’t walk, so he used a swing.2- Invitations, you just passed your exams.3- Helen Killer was borne in a rural area.4- If you want to avoid infectious, you should wash your hands.



5) Read the following passage, then answer the questions:MMoosstt ppeeooppllee tthhiinnkk tthhaatt ssmmeellll iiss tthhee lleeaasstt iimmppoorrttaanntt ooff tthhee sseennsseess.. IIff yyoouu hhaadd

ttoo lloossee aa sseennssee,, tthhiiss iiss tthhee oonnee mmoosstt ppeeooppllee wwoouulldd cchhoooossee.. HHoowweevveerr,, sscciieennttiissttss ssaayytthhaatt yyoouurr sseennssee ooff ssmmeellll iiss vveerryy iimmppoorrttaanntt ffoorr mmeemmoorryy.. FFoorr eexxaammppllee,, wwhheenn ppeeoopplleessmmeellll ssoommeetthhiinngg,, tthheeyy ssoommeettiimmeess rreemmeemmbbeerr ssoommeetthhiinngg ffrroomm tthhee ppaasstt wwhhiicchh tthheeyytthhoouugghhtt tthheeyy hhaadd ffoorrggootttteenn.. TThheeyy pprroobbaabbllyy ssmmeelllleedd tthhee ssaammee tthhiinngg aatt tthhaatt ttiimmee ..WWee aallssoo nneeeedd ssmmeellll ttoo wwaarrnn uuss aabboouutt bbaadd ffoooodd tthhaatt wwee mmiigghhtt eeaatt,, oorr ssmmookkee ffrroomm aaffiirree,, ffoorr eexxaammppllee.. PPeeooppllee wwhhoo ccaannnnoott ssmmeellll aannyytthhiinngg oofftteenn ffeeeell ssaadd aanndd ffiinndd iitt hhaarrddeerr ttoo

iiss nnoott aa sseennssee tthhaatt yyoouu wwoouulldd wwaanntt ttoo lloossee..IItt..rreemmeemmbbeerr tthhiinnggss ffrroomm tthhee ppaasstt1. Why do you think people think smell is the least important of the senses?2. Why does smell help people to remember things?3. What can smell stop us from eating/4. How do you think the smell of smoke can help people 75. What can happen to people who cannot smell?

b- They have fewer memories.a-They lose things.d-They don't know people's names.c- They feel happy.

6 What does ‘it’ refer to in the last sentence?d any sensec- sightb- hearinga- smell

7) Write a paragraph of ninety words about ONE (1) only of the following:a) How we could help people who have great difficulties.b) Smoking and its effects.D) Translate into Arabic :1-Nothing is impossible and life has no end.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….2-Young people should have a strong will and good determination.…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….* Translate into English :

.بالصبر والاصرار والمثابرة یمكن للمرء ان یحقق امالھ-1…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….



shoreشاطىءconflictصراعspadeجاروفin conflictى صراعف

beachبلاجdepend onيعتمد علىً donationتبرع New citiesيربح مالاcomfortable conditionsظروف مريحةdonateيتبرعpopulationسكانdonorمتبرع

industrial cityمدينة صناعيةdroughtقحط/ جفاف economic cityاقتصاديةمدينة draughtتيار هواء شديد

the home ofموطن لــــharvestيحصد-حصاد home toموطن لـــhungerجوعpopular withمشهور لــ/ محبوبhungryجائع

near toبالقرب منmalnourishedسوء التغذيةmove awayيبعدshortageنقص

Reason forسبب لـــfightingمحاربةprovideيزود/ يمد commonمعروف/ شائع

replaceيستبدلin commonمشتركdifferent fromمختلف عنcharity workersعمال الجمعيات الخيرية

portميناءcropsمحاصيلFood programmeبرنامج غذاءgenetic engineeringهندسة وراثية

regionalاقليمىsuffer fromيعانى من

Reading

Cars can damage your healthMexico City is one of the most polluted cities in the world. There are mountains all

around the city and there isn’t much wind, so the pollution is not blown away. The peopleof Mexico City have tried several things to cut the pollution, but nothing has made adifference. They have moved factories from the centre of the city to land outside. Theyhave planted trees along the roads, because trees produce oxygen and help to keep the airclean. There are new traffic rules so that there are fewer cars on the city’s roads. Thegovernment put signs of seven different colours on all Mexican cars. So people withgreen signs could not drive their cars in the city on Mondays. People with blue signscould not drive them on Tuesdays, etc. There was a different colour for every day.Unfortunately this system was not successful. Poor people did not go to work on dayswhen they could not drive their cars, and rich people bought another car with a differentcoloured sign! This increased the traffic and made the problem worse.

London used to have a problem like Mexico City. Now, drivers have to pay todrive into the centre of London during working hours on weekdays. This has succeededin cutting the number of drivers who come into London every day. Many people now usebuses and trains. People who live in the centre do not have to pay and nobody has to payin the evenings or at weekends.



Extra Reading

What is prejudice?When we hear something about someone, we often form an opinion of that personbefore we see them. For example, if we hear that someone is rich or famous, we may thinkthat this person will be wearing expensive clothes. The women who went to see Oliver weresurprised to see a quiet young boy because they thought that he would look more like a thief.But thieves and rich people do not always look how you think they will.

In the same way, when we see someone for the first time, we often make up our mindsabout the sort of person they are very quickly. It is, unfortunately, part of human nature tojudge people by their appearance. Often, however, we have judged is not what we first thought.For example, we may think that someone is friendly when we first meet them, but then changeour opinion when that person does something that a friend would not do. Or, on the otherhand, we may think that someone is not very intelligent and then discover that is very clever.

There are many different ways in which we may judge another person’s character.For example, it may be the clothes that they wear or the way they speak and behave. In manycases this is simply prejudice: we judge people before we have enough information to judgethem correctly. The next time you meet someone new, try not to judge them too quickly.Give them time to show their real character.

Reading Questions1 ) How can pollution damage our health and our environment?

To move people away from other big cities which are crowded with people.2) What are scientists doing to help the problem of car pollution?

New cities will be new in every aspects, houses, schools, hospitals…etc. Even life will be new.3) What can you do to help the environment?

Yes, I’d like to live in a new city. There I can start a new life with new people.4) Why is Mexico city one of the most polluted cities in the world?

Because there mountains all round the city and there isn't much wind.5) Why have the Mexicans planted trees along the roads?

To produce pollution as trees produce Oxygen and help to keep the air clean.6) Why are the new traffic rules in Mexico not successful?Because poor people did not go to work on days when they could not drive their

cars and rich people bought another car with a different colour.7) How can we reduce the number of cars in big cities?

By using Public transport and making drivers pay to drive into the city centre.8) What is prejudice?It is judging people before we have enough information to judge them correctly.9) How can we judge people?We should never judge people by their appearances but by their behaviours and

actions. We should give them time to show their real character.10) Why should not we judge people by their appearances?Because the person we have judged is not what we first thought. We should give

them time to show their real character.



WORKBOOK Revision C

1) Finish the following dialogue:Walid: I passed the English exam with 100 percent'Karim: …………………………………………………………………..Walid: ……………………………………………………………………Karim: Yes, I drew it.Walid: I can't draw, but I can take good photographs.Karim: Yes, you can. …………………………………………………Walid: They are having a photography competition in the library next week. I have two

photographs that I think are quite good……………?Karim: You should join the competition of course.

2) Write what you would say in each of the following situations:a You want to congratulate your sister because she has passed her driving test.b A friend shows you an article they wrote . Compliment him.c You are going to have lunch with your young brother. He has been playing outside. Advise him.d Your uncle is going on holiday in Britain. You want to remind him that they drive on the left.

3) Choose the correct answer from a, b, cord:1- Flu is a……………….. that many people can catch .

a. drought b. disease c. donation d. disaster2- Do not leave your food on the table or it will …………….. flies.

a. attract b. starve c. take d. hit3- They have …………… the animal that ran from the zoo in a park.

a. infected b. depended c. freed d. captured4- Who is the ……………………of that new blue car!

a. patron b. owner c. author d. researcher5- The hotel ……………….. the Nile.

a. opens b. looks c. overlooks d. sees6- There are ………………. post offices in the centre of the city.

a. several b. soft c. obvious d. wild7- You ………………… touch that pan. It is very hot

a. should b. must c. mustn't d. must not to8- Ali is very tall. He………………….. play basketball.

a. should b. would c. shouldn't d. can't9- We wouldn't have gone to the beach if we………. it was so windy

a. knew b. would know c. had known d. know10- I would never ………………… Chinese food if we hadn't visited that restaurant.

a. try b. have tried c. trying d. tried11- You must never look at …………………. sun.

a. a b. the c. an d. (no article)12- Ahmed's father is……………….. teacher.

a. a b. the c. an d. (no article)

4) Rewrite the following sentences using the word(s) in brackets, to give the same meaning.1. What do you advise me to do? (should)2. Hana went to the doctor, as she wasn't feeling well. (If)3. Omar read an interesting story. (The)4. If Ali had been busy, he wouldn't have gone to the club. (because)



5) Find and correct the mistakes in the following sentences:1. It you want to avoid infectious, you must always wash your hands.2. Mahmoud Youssef couldn't walk, so he used a swing.3. Helen Keller was borne in a rural area.4. Invitations, you just passed your exams.6) Read the following passage, then answer the questions:Hi Magda,Thank you for your email and I'm looking forward to you visiting me here in the hospital.Your mother says that you have never been to a hospital' When you arrive, you must washyour hands before you come in. You should go to room 4 and ask to see me. I am not boredhere. Yesterday we watched a play. The actors performed for all the children in thehospital. If you had visited me yesterday, you would have seen it It was very good!The doctors think that my leg is nearly better. They will make a decision tomorrow aboutwhen I can go home. I must use a wheelchair for a few weeks and I will also needphysiotherapy, but then I will be better'Nahla1. Why do you think Magda must wash her hands before she visits Nahla?2. Why wasn't Nahla bored yesterday?3. What did the actors do?4. What would Madga have seen if she had visited yesterday?5- When will Nahla know when she can go home?a. tomorrow b. in a few daysc. in a few weeks d. in one or two months6- What will help Nahla to be stronger after she leaves the hospital7a. a wheelchair b. her friends c. physiotherapy d. some actors7 Answer only FOUR of the following questions:1. What did King Lear decide to do when he was old?2. What do you think would have happened if King Lear had known how much Cordelia loved him?3. What lesson do you learn from reading about Helen Keller??4. In your opinion, how is cleanliness the key to a healthy life?5. People express their feelings in different ways. (Give two examples.)6. In your opinion, what qualities does any person need to achieve his or her ambitions in life?8) Answer only FOUR of the following questions:a. What happened to Oliver when he was going to the bookshop?b. What did Mr Bumble tell Mr Brownlow?c. Why did Mr Sikes and Toby Crackit want Oliver to help them?d. Do you think Fagin is a good or bad person? Give a reason.e. Why were Mrs Maylie and Rose surprised when they saw the thief?9) Write a paragraph of ninety words about only ONE (1) of the following:a. An amazing person that you knowb. The importance of cleanliness.10- a) Translate into Arabic:

1. People who can't see or hear should learn to depend on themselves.2. Sanitation is very important for leading a healthy life.

b) Translate into English:الناس التعبیر عن مشاعرھم بسھولةلا یستطیع الكثیر من -




Unit 1 Famous Egyptians

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Transcript of Unit 1 Famous Egyptians