UNIT 1 CHAPTER 2: BIOLOGIC EVOLUTION

IN THE MARIANAS

• Indigenous, endemic or introduced• Endangered and extinct

• Island & Endemism• Types of reefs

• 8 ways of arrival

BIOLOGIC EVOLUTION: KEY TERMS

INDIGENOUS SPECIES• Flora and fauna that occur naturally

at a specific place but can also be found some place else in the world

FLORA FAUNAMangrove (maglen lahi)Banyan (nunu)Coconut

Collared kingfisherMicronesian honeyeater

ENDEMIC SPECIES• Flora and fauna that occur naturally

at a specific place and nowhere else in the world

FLORA FAUNALipstick tree (langiti)Breadfruit (dukduk)

Marianas fruit doveYellow crown butterfly fish

INTRODUCED SPECIES• Flora and fauna that were brought to

an area with the help of human activity

FLORA FAUNATangan-tanganIronwood (gagu)

Eurasian tree sparrowPhilippine turtle dove

ENDANGERED SPECIES• Flora and fauna that are threatened

close to an extinction

FLORA FAUNATronkon guafiHeritiera longipetiolata

Green sea turtleCoconut crab

ENDANGERED SPECIES• Flora and fauna that no longer exists

FLORA FAUNAMariana mallardGuam rail

ISLAND AND ENDEMISM• Reproductive isolation• No breeding leaving character traits not normally expressed

develop and become prominent as species adapt to environment

• Small gene pool• Causes interbreeding with traits not normally expressed develop

opening the window to a new species• Lack of predation• Adaptation that might not last in the presence of a variety of

predations (loss of flight of the Marianas mallard)

TYPES OF REEF• Fringing• Grows along the fringes of an island

• Barrier• Grows up and out and is separated by a

lagoon

EIGHT WAYS OF ARRIVAL• Swimming• Floating• Hitchhiking• Gut transport• Blown by wind• Flying• Rafting• Human-aided