UNESCO Regional Office for Southern Africa

Science-Policy-Society for economic transformation of Mozambique Post 2015

Peggy Oti-Boateng (PhD)Africa Regional Science Advisor –S&T

Coordinator of ANSTI

Maputo, 19 November, 2015Mozambique

Global trend

SDG and Sustainability Science

Africa’s vision

Mozambique reality

UNESCO’s Response

Way forward

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Plan of Presentation

The World's economies are undergoing transformation or accelerating to knowledge-based industries

The role of government is changing. The democratic process is making the decision-making process more complex.

Africa’s economies are growing but need agility and inclusivity

Skills development is wise investment to increase economic growth

Africa must Innovate using SETI to transform its rich human and natural resources into capital goods, processes and services through value addition for sustainability and shared prosperity for all

Global Paradigm Shift

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1. Has 17 Goals with 169 targets

2. Overarching gaol 1 is: End poverty in all its forms everywhere

3. End Goal 17 is: Strengthen the means of implementation and revitalise

the global partnership for sustainable development

4. 10 out of 17 goals require direct input of science technology and

innovation (2, 3, 4, 7, 9, 11, 13, 14, 15)

5. Food, Health, Education Water, Energy, Resilient structures, Human

settlements, Climate change impact, Oceans and marine resources,

Ecosystem and biodiversity

6. Goal 5: Achieve gender equality and empower all women and girls

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Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) : Facts and figures

• Over 50% of the world’s population is in Africa

• Africa has the world’s lowest 2nd school enrolment of 40% with only 11% in technical skills programmes in 2010

• 81 out of 146 countries (20% in Africa ) have more women being illiterate with very few reaching the target by 2015

• Low gender parity at primary school with Angola and Eretria not meeting the EFA goal in 2015

• Many governments have neglected skills S&T training and the disadvantaged lose out most

• Less than 20% of African countries have nation STI policy and governance strategy

• Skills for urban youth provides opportunity for a better future12/9/2015STI Policy -Mozambique

Africa’s realityUNESCO’s Report 2015

• Discrimination and suppressed motivation

• Family responsibilities.

• Few role models

• Limited affirmative actions of governments and higher

education institutions

• Gender inequality

• Less represented in decision making

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Africa’s reality-Challenges of the African Woman

• Few women scientists, even fewer engineers and women in leadership positions in the management of S&T institutions. ANSTI/DAAD Alumni only 9% over 21 years (1983-2014), despite affirmative action

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Statistics

0

50

100

150

200

250

300

Total DAAD/ANSTIRecipients

Men Women

Series1 276 261 25

To

tal N

o. o

f re

cip

ien

ts 1

98

3-20

14

Africa’s capacity to compete on the global market depends on her ability to innovateusing STI to transform its natural and human resource capability into value addedgoods, processes and service.

Africa requires a well-educated, innovatively-trained and resilient critical mass ofexperts in STEM with equal access

Investment in higher and technical education to develop relevant competenciesenhance creativity and entrepreneurship

Strategic policies and actions for promotion of women in STEM to enhance valueaddition for human capital development, economic transformation and sharedprosperity

Africa’s biodiversity must be preserved to enhance sustainability and climate changemitigation

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Africa’s call for paradigm shift

Country Populationper million

GDP Education Researchers per million

Knowledge economy

Innovation

Angola 21.5 7488 1.4 73 1.1 1.17

Botswana 2.0 15247 3.92 344 4.3 4.26

Mozambique 25.8 1070 0.17 66 1.8 1.76

South Africa 52.8 12454 4.87 818 5.2 6.89

Mauritius 1.2 17146 5.1 285 5.5 4.41

Source : UNESCO Science Report, 2015

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Mozambique’s STI Imperatives

High growth rate of 6.0 to 8.8 over ten years has not yet translated into human capital

Correlation between high scientific productivity and governance but this is limited in Mozambique

Need to build knowledge, data, capacity and policy networks to promote leadership and new models of sustainable development positive change

Engage with all stakeholders especially the Private sector at all levels of the STI Policy review/design.

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Mozambique Compared to other SADC Countries

• What can Mozambique do to meet the demands for quality science and engineering education?

• What strategies and actions are needed to accelerate women’s access and participation in science, engineering and technology.

• How can Mozambique increase the number of young people in science, engineering and technology in readiness for post 2015 SDG agenda?

• What policies at community, national, Regional and international are required?

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Questions

Design and implement robust STI policy systems and governance to enhance socio-economic transformation

Investment in quality and relevant Education especially STEM education at all levels to enhance research, innovation creativity and entrepreneurship

Food security: investment in value chain agriculture and food production

Energy access: develop relevant competencies in new and emerging energy value chain

Water management, Biodiversity loss prevention Enhance sustainable ocean economy and disaster risk

prevention and management

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Transformational Shift in Mozambique post 2015

Laboratory of Ideas

Standard Setting

Clearing HouseCapacity Builder

Catalyst International Cooperation

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UNESCO’s 5 Action Response

STI Policy Design and Implementation Mapping STI System and Governance

Mainstreaming gender in national STI Policies

Strengthening capacity building in STI policy design,

implementation M&E

STEM Teacher Education

Mentoring Female STEM in schools and Universities

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UNESCO Technical Support in STI Policy Review/Design

Human and institutional capacity development through awards of postgraduate scholarships and short courses

Promoting knowledge and capacities for protecting and sustainably managing the oceans and coasts

Building institutional capacity in science and engineering

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Synergy of Actors to Advance Gender in SuS

Policy makers and Development

Partners

Science communicators/

Gender Advocates

Scientists and Private sector

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Society

1. Design/review STl Policies at all levels – Africa’s value

addition

2. Upgrade Scientific institutions in Science and engineering

and enhance community participation

3. Strengthen institutional capacity and create the critical mass

of skilled youth to enhance employability

4. Support and develop tools for disaster risk management –

mathematical modelling prediction

5. Link member states to funding opportunities

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Way forward towards socio-economic transformation

• Robust policy systems and governance strategies for enhancing SDGs sustainability science based on evidence

• A critical mass of African scientists/advocates created to provide leadership on Sustainability Science

• Synergy developed between Africa and global Experts on sustainability science for enhanced South –South, North-South collaboration

• Prosperous peaceful continent with value addition to its natural and human resources for shared prosperity for all

Expected Outcomes

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