UNDO AND REDO IN ORACLE.pdf

7/24/2019 UNDO AND REDO IN ORACLE.pdf

1/14

SGKH NGK YCKH LG HYNFMC

Cxpmhrlg` tec Hrnfmc KIN [cfeghmh`y iy

@ugnscbnrng ,[elyn`u

LG[YHKSF[LHG [H SGKH

Pecg n trngsnftlhg trlcs th jhkldy yhur kntn, ljjcklntcmy hrnfmc fhplcs tec hrl`lgnm kntn lg ugkh

sc`jcgts icdhrc th jhkldy lt. [ec fhpy hd tec jhkldlck kntn fhmmcftlvcmy bghwg ns 'SGKH KN[N'.

Pey Hrnfmc fhplcs hrl`lgnm kntn lg ugkh sc`jcgts 8

[h prhvlkc rcnk fhgslstcgfy ngk th rhmm infb ugfhjjlttck trngsnftlhgs.

Hrnfmc prhvlkcs twh jctehks hd ugkh jngn`cjcgt.

Jngunm ugkh jngn`cjcgt&Nuthjntlf ugkh jngn`cjcgt.

Hrnfmc uscs ugkh tnimcspnfc hr rhmminfb sc`jcgts th sthrc hmk vnmucs.

[ec purphsc hd ugkh sc`jcgt&rhmminfb sc`jcgt ls snjc cxfcpt jctehk hd frcntlhg ngk jnlgtcgngfc.

Hrnfmc strhg`my rcfhjjcgks tent rug yhur kntninsc lgNS[HJN[LF SGKH JNGN@CJCG[ jhkc th jngn`c

ugkh lgstcnk hd uslg` rhmminfb sc`jcgts. Vpnfc jngn`cjcgt dhr rhmminfb sc`jcgt ls fhjpmcx.

Cnrmlcr rcmcnscs hd hrnfmc kntninsc usck rhmminfb sc`jcgts th sthrc ugkh lgdhrjntlhg.

Lg jngunm ugkh jngn`cjcgt jhkc, Hrnfmc ls jngn`lg` ugkh kntn terhu`e rhmminfb sc`jcgts.

>. Yhmminfb sc`jcgts nmmhw uscrs th pcrdhrj rhmminfb dhr KJM hpcrntlhgs.

9. Lt bccps tec kntninsc th jnlgtnlg rcnk fhgslstcgfy njhg` jumtlpmc trngsnftlhgs.

6. N slg`mc rhmminfb sc`jcgt fng ehmk jumtlpmc trngsnftlhgs.

;. [rngsnftlhg jny nssl`gck th rhmminfb sc`jcgts lg n rhugk rhilg dnselhg.

Hrnfmc `2

[nimcspnfc frcntck.

V^M7 nmtcr systcj sct ugkhXjngn`cjcgt:NS[H sfhpc:spdlmc2

Vystcj nmtcrck.

V^M7 nmtcr systcj sct ugkhXtnimcspnfc:SGKH[IV> sfhpc:spdlmc2

Vystcj nmtcrck.

V^M7 seut ljjcklntc2

...

V^M7 stnrtup2

...


2/14




V\V7 sehw pnrnjctcr ugkh2

GNJC [\QC TNMSC

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------

ugkhXjngn`cjcgt strlg` NS[H

ugkhXrctcgtlhg lgtc`cr

Ng nftlvc ugkh tnimcspnfc fngght ic krhppck.

\hu fngght frcntc ngy htecr sc`jcgts typcs (tnimcs, lgkcx) lg ugkh tnimcspnfcs.

N kntninsc fng fhgtnlg jhrc teng hgc ugkh tnimcspnfc iut hgmy hgc fng ic nftlvcnt ngy tljc.

SGKH tnimcspnfcs ghrjnmmy usck dhr dhmmhwlg` purphscs.

Yhmminfb trngsnftlhgs cxpmlfltmy uslg` YHMMINFB fhjjngk.

Yhmminfb trngsnftlhgs ljpmlfltmynuthjntlf lgstngfc rcfhvcry.

Qrhvlklg` rcnk fhgslstcgfy dhr V^M qucrlcs.

Ycfhvcrlg` drhj mh`lfnm fhrruptlhgs uslg` dmnseinfb dcnturcs.

NS[HJN[LF SGKH JNGN@CJCG[

Hrnfmc prhvlkcs n dummy nuthjntck jcfenglsj (NSJ)th jngn`c ugkh lgdhrjntlhg ngk spnfc. [h cgnimc

NSJ, yhu gcck th sct SGKHXJNGN@CJCG[:NS[H. N kcdnumt ugkh tnimcspnfc ls frcntlhg nt tent tljc hd

Kntninsc frcntlhg. Lg Jy Hplglhg, ng ugkh tnimcspnfc ls ng nmtcrgntlvc th n rhmminfb sc`jcgt.

[ec ugkh tnimcspnfc ls usck dhr scvcrnm dcnturcs YHMMINFB, YCNK FHGVLV[CGF\ & DMNVEINFB [CFEGHMH@\.

Vtnrtlg` drhj >1` tec dmnseinfb dcnturc uslg` ugkh.

Dmnseinfb ucry (insck hg tljc).

Dmnseinfb Tcrslhgs ^ucry (insck hg sfg).

Dmnseinfb [rngsnftlhg ucry (insck hg pcrlhk)

Dmnseinfb [nimc (insck hg tljc)

Ns L thmk, purphsc hd ugkh ls pmnflg` fhpy hd tec hrl`lgnm kntn lg tec ugkh tnimcspnfc ns lt

cxlstck icdhrc tec jhkldlfntlhg. Pecg n uscr pcrdhrjs ng upkntc hr kcmctcs hpcrntlhg, tec cnrmlcr

kntn wlmm ic pmnfck lg ugkh sc`jcgts ngk tecg nftunm kntn ls jhkldlck th n gcw vnmuc.

Qurphsc ls th jnlgtnlg rcnk fhgslstcgfy iy jnlgtnlglg` tec pnst ljn`c hd tec kntn weh nrc nffcsslg`tec kntn nt tec snjc tljc tent nghtecr uscr ls feng`lg` lt. Pecg n trngsnftlhg ls rhmmck infb,

Hrnfmc rcsthrcs tec cnrmlcr kntn drhj ugkh sc`jcgts.

Hrnfmc snvcs ugkh kntn nt mcnst ugtlm tec trngsnftlhg ens iccg fhjjlttck. Sgtlm tels tljc tec ugkh

kntn ls lg "nftlvc stntc". Pecg nftlvc ugkh kntn ls sthrck lg tec ugkh tnimcspnfc, Hrnfmc wlmm ght

nmmhw th hvcrwrltc ugtlm tec fhrrcsphgklg` trngsnftlhg ens iccg fhjjlttck.

NF[LTC - Gh hgc fng hvcrwrltc icfnusc lt ls supphrtlg` nftlvc trngsnftlhgs.

CUQLYCK - "HMK". Hmkcr teng tec SGKH YC[CG[LHG, ngk cml`limc th ic hvcrwrlttcg ns rcqulrck.

SGCUQLYCK - "HMK". Hmk iut wltelg tec SGKH YC[CG[LHG pcrlhk ns ls cml`limc th ic hvcrwrlttcg.

Ndtcr n trngsnftlhg ls fhjjlttck ugkh kntn ls gh mhg`cr gcckck dhr rhmminfb hr trngsnftlhg rcfhvcry

Qurphscs. Ehwcvcr, dhr fhgslstcgt rcnk purphscs, mhg` rugglg` qucrlcs jny rcqulrc tels hmk ugkh

prhkuflg` hmkcr ljn`cs hd kntn imhfbs.


3/14




Dmnseinfb dcnturcs nmsh kcpcgk uphg nvnlmnilmlty hd hmkcr ugkh lgdhrjntlhg. Vh lt ls rcfhjjcgkck

th rctnlg tec hmk ugkh lgdhrjntlhg ns mhg` ns phsslimc.

Dmnseinfb qucrlcs rctrlcvc lgdhrjntlhg drhj n spcfldlf phlgt lg tljc. Ns mhg` ns tec ugkh kntn

stlmm cxlsts dhr tent tljc, tec qucry fng rctrlcvc lgdhrjntlhg cxnftmy.

Ns wc bghw fhjjlttck ugkh kntn fng ic cltecr cxplrck hr ugcxplrck. Cxplrck kntn fng ic hvcrwrlttcg

iy gcw trngsnftlhgs. Pecg tecrc ls gh spnfc lg tec ugkh tnimcspnfc dhr gcw trngsnftlhgs, Hrnfmc

wlmm hvcrwrltc tec ugcxplrck kntn, kcpcgklg` hg ehw yhu fhgdl`urc tec SGKHXYC[CG[LHG pnrnjctcr.

SGKH YC[CG[LHG QCYLHK

Hgfc yhu cgnimck nuthjntlf ugkh jngn`cjcgt, tecrc ls nmwnys n furrcgtugkh rctcgtlhg pcrlhk, welfe

jcngs Hrnfmc kntninsc nttcjpts th rctnlg hmk ugkh lgdhrjntlhgicdhrc hvcrwrltlg` lt.

[ec ugkh rctcgtlhg kcdnumt tercsehmk vnmuc ls


4/14




PL[EHS[ NS[H CU[CKNIMC ( DLUCK VL_C SGKH [NIMCVQNFC)

Ld tec ugkh tnimcspnfc ls dlxck slzc, tec kntninsc tugcs tec ugkh rctcgtlhg pcrlhk (th sct icst

phsslimc rctcgtlhg) dhr tec tnimcspnfc slzc ngk furrcgt systcj mhnk. [ec tugck rctcgtlhg pcrlhk

fng ic sl`gldlfngtmy `rcntcr teng tec spcfldlck jlgljuj rctcgtlhg pcrlhk.

V\V7 scmcft tnimcspnfcXgnjc, dlmcXgnjc, nuthcxtcgslimc drhj kinXkntnXdlmcs

wecrc tnimcspnfcXgnjc mlbc 'SGKH%'2

[NIMCVQNFCXGNJC DLMCXGNJC NS[

------------------------------ ---------------------- --------------- -------

SGKH[IV /u1>/npp/hrnfmc/hrnkntn/ugkhtis1>.kid GH


GNJC [\QC TNMSC

------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------


ugkhXrctcgtlhg lgtc`cr 9511

ugkhXtnimcspnfc strlg` SGKH[IV

V\V7 scmcft thXfenr(ic`lgXtljc, 'KK-JHG-YY EE9;?JL') ic`lgXtljc,

thXfenr(cgkXtljc, 'KK-JHG-YY EE9;?JL') cgkXtljc, tugckXugkhrctcgtlhg

drhj v$ugkhstnt hrkcr iy cgkXtljc2

IC@LGX[LJC CGKX[LJC [SGCKXSGKHYC[CG[LHG

--------------- --------------- -------------------94-VCQ->3 >9?99 94-VCQ->3 >9?99 9511

V^M7 frcntc tnimc t>(gh gujicr, strlg`Xvnm vnrfenr9(>11))2

[nimc frcntck.

V^M7 lgscrt lgth tni> scmcft rhwguj,'HYNFMC' drhj kunm fhggcft iy mcvcm =: ;1111112

;111111 rhws frcntck.

V^M7 upkntc tni> sct strlg`Xvnm:'HYNFMCXKN[NINVC'2

...


thXfenr(cgkXtljc,'KK-JHG-YY EE9;?JL') cgkXtljc, tugckXugkhrctcgtlhg


IC@LGX[LJC CGKX[LJC [SGCKXSGKHYC[CG[LHG (dhr dlxck slzc tnimcspnfc

--------------- --------------- -------------------

94-VCQ->3 >9?19 94-VCQ->3 >9?1; >;9;;

V\V7 / icnrs


--------------- --------------- -------------------

94-VCQ->3 >9?19 94-VCQ->3 >9?1; 95;55


5/14




NS[H CU[CGKNIMC SGKH [NIMCVQNFC

Ld ugkh tnimcspnfc ls fhgdl`urck wlte nuth cxtcgk hptlhg, tec kntninsc tugcs tec ugkh rctcgtlhg

pcrlhk th ic shjcwent mhg`cr teng tec mhg`cst qucry hg tec systcj nt tent tljc. N`nlg tels tugck

rctcgtlhg fng ic `rcntcr teng spcfldlck rctcgtlhg pcrlhk.

V\V7 scmcft tnimcspnfcXgnjc, dlmcXgnjc, nuthcxtcgslimc drhj kinXkntnXdlmcs


[NIMCVQNFCXGNJC DLMCXGNJC NS[

------------------------------ ------------------------------------- -------

SGKH[IV> /u16/npp/hrnfmc/hrnkntn/ugkhtis1>.kid \CV


GNJC [\QC TNMSC------------------------------------ ----------- ------------------------------


ugkhXrctcgtlhg lgtc`cr 9511

ugkhXtnimcspnfc strlg` SGKH[IV>


thXfenr(cgkXtljc, 'KK-JHG-YY EE9;?JL') cgkXtljc, tugckXugkhrctcgtlhg



--------------- --------------- -------------------

94-VCQ->3 91?6; 94-VCQ->3 91?6; 9511

V^M7 upkntc t> sct strlg`Xvnm:'HYNFMC' wecrc gh 7: > ngk gh =: >1111112

...

V^M7 upkntc t> sct strlg`Xvnm:'HYNFMCXKN[NINVC' wecrc gh 7: >11111> ngk gh =: 91111112

...

V^M7 upkntc t> sct strlg`Xvnm:'HYNFMCXYNFXKN[NINVC' wecrc gh 7: 911111> ngk gh =: ;1111112

...





--------------- --------------- -------------------

94-VCQ->3 91?6; 94-VCQ->3 91?;; 9511

94-VCQ->3 91?;; 94-VCQ->3 91?3; 9511

94-VCQ->3 91?3; 94-VCQ->3 9>?1; 61>3

94-VCQ->3 9>?1; 94-VCQ->3 9>?>; 6653 9>?>; 94-VCQ->3 9>?9; 6043

...


6/14




CUNJQMC 9

V\V7 upkntc stntcjcgt >2

...

V\V7 upkntc stntcjcgt 92...

V\V7 upkntc stntcjcgt 62

...




IC@LGX[LJC CGKX[LJC [SGCKXSGKHYC[CG[LHG--------------- --------------- -------------------

94-VCQ->3 9>?6; 94-VCQ->3 9>?;; 9511

94-VCQ->3 9>?;; 94-VCQ->3 9>?3; 9511

94-VCQ->3 9>?3; 93 99?1; 9511

94-VCQ->3 99?99 94-VCQ->3 99?69 >>43 99?69 94-VCQ->3 99?;9 >13 9>?;9 94-VCQ->3 99?39 >149

[ec fhgfmuslhg ls tent tec vnmuc hd [SGCKXSGKHYC[CG[LHG fng ic cqunm, mhwcr, hr elècr teng tec

vnmuc hd tec SGKHXYC[CG[LHG lgltlnmlzntlhg pnrnjctcr ngk lt kcpcgks hg tec kurntlhg hd tec nftlvc

trngsnftlhgs ns wcmm ns hg yhur ugkh scttlg`s (SGKHXYC[CG[LHG, SGKH [nimcspnfc slzc, ngk nmsh tec

SGKH [NIMCVQNFC JNUVL_C). \hu fng scc [SGCKXSGKHYC[CG[LHG 7 SGKHXYC[CG[LHG pnrnjctcr vnmuc.

V\V7 scmcft fhugt(*) drhj v$ugkhstnt wecrc tugckXugkhrctcgtlhg 7 95112

...

Tnmucs lg T$SGKHV[N[, kcpcgks hd whrbmhnk ngk nmsh SGFHJJL[CK trngsnftlhgs dhr mhg` rugglg` qucrlcs.

[ec tugck rctcgtlhg vnmuc jny lgfrcnsc/kcfrcnsc kcpcgklg` hg tec klstrliutlhg hd KJM nftlvlty hg

yhur systcj. \hu fng usc tec JLG, JNU, ngk NT@ tugck rctcgtlhg th `ct n qulfb plfturc hd ehw

suddlflcgt jy dlxck ugkh tnimcspnfc nmmhfntlhg ls dhr yhur systcj.

V\V7 scmcft

rhugk(nv`(tugckXugkhrctcgtlhg) /41,9) ns "NT@ JLGS[CV"

, rhugk(jlg(tugckXugkhrctcgtlhg) /41,9) ns "JLG JLGS[CV"

, rhugk(jnx(tugckXugkhrctcgtlhg) /41,9) ns "JNU JLGS[CV"

drhj v$ugkhstnt2

YC[CG[LHG @SNYNG[CC

Hrnfmc >1` ens lgtrhkufck gcw dcnturc (rctcgtlhg ùnrngtcc). Lt mcnks th `ct HYN-61164 crrhr l.c.

dnlmlg` th cxtcgk Sgkh Yhmminfb sc`jcgt Pey sh8

Hgfc yhu spcfldy tec YC[CG[LHG @SNYNG[CC fmnusc dhr tec ugkh tnimcspnfc, tecg tec kntninsc wlmm

gcvcr hvcrwrltc ugkh kntn wehsc n`c ls mcss teng tec ugkh rctcgtlhg pcrlhk. Pecg spnfc ls mhw tels

mcnks th KJM hpcrntlhg th icfhjc dnlm. N fhmujg gnjck YC[CG[LHGdrhj KINX[NIMCVQNFCVvlcw fhgtnlgs

n vnmuc hd ùnrngtcc dhr tec ugkh tnimcspnfc.


7/14




V\V7 scmcft tnimcspnfcXgnjc, rctcgtlhg drhj kinXtnimcspnfcs wecrc tnimcspnfcXgnjc mlbc 'SGKH%'2

[NIMCVQNFCXGNJC YC[CG[LHG

------------------------------ -----------

SGKH[IV> GH@SNYNG[CC

\hu fng cgnimc rctcgtlhg unrngtcciy spcfldylg` rctcgtlhg unrngtcc fmnuscnt tent tljc hd kntninsc

frcntlhg hr frcntc ugkh tnimcspnfc stntcjcgt. Sslg` nmtcr tnimcspnfc stntcjcgt yhu fng khgc lt.

V\V7 scmcft tnimcspnfcXgnjc, rctcgtlhg drhj kinXtnimcspnfcs wecrc tnimcspnfcXgnjc mlbc 'SGKH%'2

[NIMCVQNFCXGNJC YC[CG[LHG

------------------------------ -----------

SGKH[IV> @SNYNG[CC

[h ùnrngtcc tec suffcss hd mhg` rugglg` qucrlcs hr dmnseinfb hpcrntlhgs. Ld rctcgtlhg ùnrngtcc

ls ght cgnimck, tecg tec kntninsc fng hvcrwrltc ugcxplrck ugkh wecg spnfc ls mhw.

PNYGLG@? Cgnimlg` rctcgtlhg ùnrngtcc fng fnusc jumtlpmc KJM hpcrntlhgs th dnlm.

HYN-61164 crrhr hffurs wecggh jhrc spnfc ls mcdt th sthrc nftlvc ugkh.

GHVQNFCCYYFG[ fhmujg lg T$SGKHV[N[ ls n `hhk lgklfntlhg ehw jngy tljcs tels ens hffurrck.

T$ SGKHV[N[

[ecT$SGKHV[N[kntn klftlhgnry vlcw prhvlkcs systcj cgcrntck stntlstlfs, fhmmcftck cvcry >1 jlgs.

Sslg` tels vlcw yhu fng jhglthr ngk tugc SGKH spnfc. \hu fng trnfb tec tugck ugkh rctcgtlhg pcrlhkiy qucrylg` tec [SGCKXSGKHYC[CG[LHG fhmujg hd tec T$SGKHV[N[ vlcw. Lt ls nmsh uscdum th kctcrjlgc

wectecr yhu envc nmmhfntck suddlflcgt spnfc th tec SGKH tnimcspnfc dhr tec furrcgt whrbmhnk.

Ld ng nftlvc trngsnftlhg rcqulrcs ugkh spnfc ngk tec ugkh tnimcspnfc khcs ght envc nvnlmnimc

spnfc, tecg tec systcj stnrts rcuslg` ugcxplrck ugkh spnfc. [els nftlhg fng phtcgtlnmmy fnusc

shjc qucrlcs th dnlm wlte n "sgnpseht thh hmk"jcssn`c. Ehw kh wc scc H>333 crrhr kctnlms8

Pc fng lkcgtldy ld ngy "sgnpseht thh hmk crrhrs" wcrc `cgcrntck qucry tec VVHMKCYYFG[fhmujg.

V\V7 scmcft ic`lgXtljc, sshmkcrrfgt drhj v$ugkhstnt2

IC@LGX[LJC VVHMKCYYFG[

-------------------- -----------

>5-VCQ-91>3 >;?61?;1 6

>5-VCQ-91>3 >;?91?;1 1

>5-VCQ-91>3 >;?>1?;1 1

>5-VCQ-91>3 >;?11?;1 3

>5-VCQ-91>3 >6?31?;1 6

>5-VCQ-91>3 >6?;1?;1 1

>5-VCQ-91>3 >6?61?;1 1

>5-VCQ-91>3 >6?91?;1 1

\hu fng scc n dcw hd tec tcg jlgutc lgtcrvnms rcfclvck jhrc teng zcrh l.c. "sgnpseht thh hmk"

crrhrs. [h nvhlk tels, lgfrcnsc tec vnmuc hd SGKHXYCG[CG[LHG.

VVHMKCYYFG[ Lkcgtldlcs tec gujicr hd tljcs tec crrhr HYN-1>333 hffurrck.


8/14




GHVQNFCCYYFG[?Lkcgtldlcs tec gujicr hd tljcs spnfc wns rcqucstck lg tec ugkh tnimcspnfc ngk gh

drcc spnfc nvnlmnimc2 nmm hd tec spnfc lg tec ugkh tnimcspnfc wns lg usc iy nftlvc trngsnftlhgs.

SGUQV[CNMFG[?Gujicr hd nttcjpts th hitnlg ugkh spnfc iy stcnmlg` ugcxplrck cxtcgts drhj htecr

trngsnftlhgs.

V\V7 scmcft ic`lgXtljc, sshmkcrrfgt, ghspnfccrrfgt drhj v$ugkhstnt2

IC@LGX[LJC VVHMKCYYFG[ GHVQNFCCYYFG[ SGUQV[CNMFG[

-------------------- ----------- ----------------- -------------

>5-VCQ-91>3 >;?61?;1 6 1 1

>5-VCQ-91>3 >;?91?;1 1 1 1

>5-VCQ-91>3 >;?>1?;1 1 1 1

>5-VCQ-91>3 >;?11?;1 3 9 5

>5-VCQ-91>3 >6?31?;1 6 1 >

>5-VCQ-91>3 >6?;1?;1 1 1 1>5-VCQ-91>3 >6?61?;1 1 1 1

>5-VCQ-91>3 >6?91?;1 1 1 1

Hgfc yhu dlgk GHG _CYH TNMSCV lg tecsc fhmujgs (sshmkcrrfgt, ghspnfccrrfgt), ljjcklntcmy lgfrcnsc

tec slzc hd yhur ugkh tnimcspnfc. Pecgcvcr n trngsnftlhg gccks shjc jhrc spnfc th `rhw lg tec

ugkhXtnimcspnfc lt uscs dhmmhwlg` hptlhgs.

>) Dlrst lt wlmm try th nmmhfntc gcw cxtcgt lg tec drcc spnfc hr cxtcgk tec tnimcspnfc,

Ld NS[HCU[CGK ls hg.

9) Ld lt dnlms lg stcp> kuc th lgsuddlflcgt drcc spnfc hr nuhtcxtcgk hdd, tecg lt wlmm try th

tnbc tec spnfc drhj tec cxplrck cxtcgts lg lts hwg ugkh sc`jcgts. Hgfc lt dlgks ng cxplrck

cxtcgt, lt wlmm stcnm lt ngk upkntc tec CUQV[CNMFG[ ngk CUQIMBYCSFG[ fhmujgs lg T$SGKHV[N[.

6) Ld lt dnlms lg stcp9, tecg lt wlmm try th tnbc tec spnfc drhj tec cxplrck cxtcgts lg htecr

ugkh sc`jcgts. Hgfc lt dlgks ng cxplrck cxtcgt, lt wlmm stcnm lt ngk upkntc tec CUQV[CNMFG[ ngk

CUQIMBYCMFG[ fhmujgs lg T$SGKHV[N[.

;) Ld lt dnlms lg stcp6, tecg lt mhhbs dhr ugcxplrck cxtcgts lg hwg ugkh sc`jcgts. Lt just ic

tec hmkcst hgc. Ld lt dlgks ugcxplrck cxtcgts, lt rcuscs ngk upkntcs SGUQV[CNMFG[ ngk

SGUQIMBYCSFG[ fhmujgs lg T$SGKHV[N[.

3) Ld lt dnlms lg stcp;, tecg lt mhhbs dhr ugcxplrck cxtcgts lg htecr ugkh sc`jcgts. Qrhinimy,

tec hmkcst hgc. Ld lt dlgks ugcxplrck cxtcgts, lt rcuscs ngk upkntcs SGUQV[CNMFG[ ngk

SGUQIMBYCMFG[ fhmujgs lg T$SGKHV[N[.

4) Ld lt dnlms lg stcp3, tecg tec trngsnftlhg wlmm dnlm wlte spnfc crrhr ngk upkntcs

GHVQNFCCYYFG[ fhmujg lg T$SGKHV[N[.

KN[N KLF[LHGNY\ TLCPV

T$YHMMGNJC KINXYHMMINFBXVC@V

T$YHMMV[N[ KINX[NIMCVQNFCV

T$[YNGVNF[LHG KINXSGKHXCU[CG[V

T$SGKHV[N[ KINXELV[XSGKHV[N[


9/14




T$VCVVLHG Mlsts scsslhg lgdh dhr cnfe furrcgt scsslhg.

T$YHMMGNJC Mlsts tec gnjc hd tec hgmlgc rhmminfb sc`jcgts.

T$[YNGVNF[LHG Mlsts nmm nftlvc trngsnftlhgs lg tec kntninsc.

SGKHXVC@JCG[

Iy kcdnumt lgltlnmmy hrnfmc frcntcs >1 ugkh sc`jcgts. Lg hrkcr th sthrc jhrc ugkh rcfhrks tec

gujicr hd ugkh sc`jcgts wlmm ic lgfrcnsck.

V\V7 scmcft tnimcspnfcXgnjc, sc`jcgtXgnjc, sc`jcgtXtypc drhj kinXsc`jcgts


[NIMCVQNFCXGNJC VC@JCG[XGNJC VC@JCG[X[\QC

------------------------------ ------------------------------ ------------------

SGKH[IV> XV\VVJS>1X;>6>;5 XV\VVJS0634;645 XV\VVJS5X69 XV\VVJS0X63>06;3;90$ [\QC9 SGKH

SGKH[IV> XV\VVJS4X95 XV\VVJS6X>91;6 XV\VVJS9X0459$ [\QC9 SGKH

SGKH[IV> XV\VVJS>X31$ [\QC9 SGKH

>1 rhws scmcftck.

V\V7 scmcft fhugt(*) drhj kinXsc`jcgts wecrc tnimcspnfcXgnjc:'SGKH[IV>'2

...

V\V7 scmcft * drhj v$rhmmgnjc2

SVG GNJC

---------- ---------------------------

1 V\V[CJ # rcmntck th systcj tnimcspnfc

> XV\VVJS>X31$

9 XV\VVJS9X0459$

6 XV\VVJS6X>91;6116;;9516$

3 XV\VVJS3X365330 rhws scmcftck.

Jhrc sc`jcgts nrc frcntck ns tec gujicr hd fhgfurrcgt trngsnftlhg lgfrcnscs.

Nuthjntlf ugkh jngn`cjcgt nttcjpts th envc hgc trngsnftlhg pcr ugkh sc`jcgt.

Pc fng vcrldy UNF[V fhmujg drhj T$YHMMV[N[. UNF[Vgujicr hd nftlvc trngsnftlhgs.


10/14




CUNJQMC >

V\V7 scmcft * drhj v$rhmmstnt wecrc xnfts:>2

gh rhws scmcftck

V\V7 scmcft n.usg, n.xnfts, i.gnjc drhj v$rhmmstnt n, v$rhmmgnjc i

wecrc n.usg : i.usg ngk n.xnfts !:12

gh rhws scmcftck

V\V[CJ7 upkntc sfhtt.cjp sct cgnjc:'VHG\' wecrc cjpgh:0 XV\VVJS3X3653302

...

\hu fng scc UNF[V:>,welfe jcngs ugkh sc`jcgt 3 ens nmmhfntck dhr jy trngsnftlhg.

Nuthjntlf ugkh jngn`cjcgt nttcjpts th envc hgc trngsnftlhg pcr ugkh sc`jcgt. l.c.

[rngsnftlhg ens usck rhmminfb sc`jcgt gujicr 3, ngk kntn sc`jcgt gnjc lsXV\VVJS3X;>5


11/14




\hu fng `ct nkkltlhg lgdhrjntlhg uslg` dhmmhwlg` ^ucrlcs.

V\V7 scmcft n.gnjc, i.hptslzc "HptljnmXVlzcXdhrXVerlgb", i.ewjslzc EPJ,

i.serlgbs "GujXVerlgbs", i.wrnps "GujXwrnps", i.cxtcgks "GujXCxtcgks",

i.stntus DYHJ v$rhmmgnjc n, v$rhmmstnt i PECYC n.usg : i.usg2

...

V\V7 scmcft n.gnjc, i.cxtcgts, i.rsslzc, i.wrltcs, i.xnfts, i.`cts, i.wnlts,

DYHJ v$rhmmgnjc n, v$rhmmstnt i PECYC n.usg : i.usg2

...

# [H @C[ SGKH VC@JCG[V V[N[SV KC[NLMV

V\V7 scmcft stntus,

rhugk(sujXiytcs / (>19;*>19;), 1) ns JI,

rhugk((sujXiytcs / ugkhXslzc) * >11, 1) ns QCYFdrhj

(

scmcft stntus, suj(iytcs) sujXiytcs

drhj kinXugkhXcxtcgts

`rhup iy stntus

),

(

scmcft suj(n.iytcs) ugkhXslzc

drhj kinXtnimcspnfcs f

ohlg v$tnimcspnfc i hg i.gnjc : f.tnimcspnfcXgnjc

ohlg v$kntndlmc n hg n.ts# : i.ts#

wecrc f.fhgtcgts : 'SGKH'

ngk f.stntus : 'HGMLGC'

)2

V[N[SV JI QCYF

------------------------------ ---------- ----------

NF[LTC 3


12/14




T$[YNGVNF[LHG mlgbs wlte T$VCVVLHG wlmm sehw furrcgt usck ugkh imhfbs dhr hg`hlg` trngsnftlhgs.

# TCYLD\ VC@JCG[ NGK SGKH IMHFBV

V\V7 VCMCF[ n.slk, n.uscrgnjc, i.usckXurcf, i.usckXuimb

DYHJ v$scsslhg n, v$trngsnftlhg i

PECYC n.snkkr : i.scsXnkkr

HYKCY I\ i.usckXuimb KCVF2 Hr

V^M7 scmcft suistr(n.hsXuscrXgnjc,>,5) "HVXSscr",

suistr(n.hrnfmcXuscrgnjc,>,5) "KIXSscr",

suistr(i.hwgcr,>,5) "Vfecjn",

suistr(i.hiocftXgnjc,>,93) "HiocftXGnjc",

suistr(i.hiocftXtypc,>,>1) "[ypc",

suistr(f.sc`jcgtXgnjc,>,3) "YIV",

suistr(k.usckXurcf,>,91) "# hd Ycfhrks",

suistr(k.usckXuimb,>,91) "# hd ugkh imhfbs usck"

DYHJ

v$mhfbckXhiocft n,

kinXhiocfts i,

kinXrhmminfbXsc`s f,

v$trngsnftlhg k,

v$scsslhg c

PECYC

n.hiocftXlk : i.hiocftXlk

Ngk n.xlkusg : f.sc`jcgtXlk

Ngk n.xlkusg : k.xlkusg

Ngk n.xlksmht : k.xlksmht

Ngk k.nkkr : c.tnkkr2

..

Lg jy hplglhg, spnfc dhr ugkh sc`jcgts ls kygnjlfnmmy nmmhfntck, fhgsujck, drcck, ngk rcusck

fhgtrhmmck iy ng Hrnfmc Kntninsc.

PEN[ LV YCKH

[ec YCKH MH@ fng fhgslst hd twh pnrts. [ec Hgmlgc rckh mh`&Nrfelvck rckh mh`.

YMIF- fhjjlttck trngsnftlhgs tent nrc ght yct wrlttcg th tec rckh mh` dlmcs.

Pecg n trngsnftlhg ls fhjjlttck, tec trngsnftlhg's kctnlms lg tec rckh mh` iuddcr (YMIF) ls wrlttcg

th n hgmlgc rckh mh` dlmc iy M@PY infb`rhugk prhfcss. M@PYwrltcs rckh lgdh nt dhmmhwlg` sltuntlhgs.

Pecg n uscr fhjjlts n trngsnftlhg.

Pecg Yckh mh` iuddcr icfhjcs >/6 dumm.

Ld Yckh iuddcr fhgtnlgs > JI hd feng`c rcfhrks.

Pecg mh` swltfe hffurs.

Cnfe lgklvlkunm rckh mh` ls nssl`gck th n `rhup. Hrnfmc wrltcs th hgmy hgc hgmlgc rckh mh` `rhup nt n tljc.

Hgfc tec hgmlgc rckh mh`(s) lg tent `rhup nrc dlmmck tecg Hrnfmc stnrts th wrltc gcxt hgmlgc rckh mh` `rhup

ngk sh hg lg n flrfumnr dnselhg. Hrnfmc uscs tecsc hgmlgc rckh mh` `rhup hgmy dhr rcfhvcry. Ng Hrnfmc

kntninsc just envc nt mcnst twh rckhmh` dlmcs. Mh`dlmcs fng ic jumtlpmcxck hg jumtlpmc klsbs.


13/14




Sgkh ls sthrck lgth tec ugkh tnimcspnfc (ugkh sc`jcgts) ngk ls nffcsslimc th tec trngsnftlhg.

Yckh ls sthrck hutslkc hd tec kntninsc ngk ls lgnffcsslimc th tec trngsnftlhg iut rckhsnrc

rcqulrck lg fnsc ld yhu kh kntninsc rcfhvcry hpcrntlhgs.

SVCV HD [EC YCKHMH@

Qrhtcftlhg n`nlgst tec kntn mhss. Ndtcr ng lgstngfc dnlmurc, hgmlgc rckh mh` dlmcs nrc usck th

rcfhvcr fhjjltck kntn yct ght wrlttcg th tec kntndlmcs.

# YCKH @CGCYN[CK I\ SVCY VCVVLHGV

V\V7 scmcft v$scsslhg.slk, uscrgnjc, vnmuc rckhXslzc

drhj v$scsstnt, v$stntgnjc, v$scsslhg

wecrc v$scsstnt.V[N[LV[LF# : v$stntgnjc.V[N[LV[LF#

ngk v$scsslhg.slk : v$scsstnt.slk

ngk gnjc : 'rckh slzc'ngk vnmuc 7 1

ngk uscrgnjc ls ght gumm

hrkcr iy vnmuc2

...

# PEH @CGCYN[CV JHYC YCKH

VCMCF[ s.slk, s.uscrgnjc, s.prh`rnj, t.vnmuc "rckh imhfbs wrlttcg"

DYHJ v$scsslhg s, v$scsstnt t

PECYC s.slk : t.slk

NGK t.vnmuc !: 1

NGK t.stntlstlf# : (scmcft stntlstlf# drhj v$stntgnjc PECYC gnjc : 'rckh slzc')

HYKCY I\ ;2

...

# FECFB YCKH @CGCYN[CK HGM\ DHY J\ VCVVLHG

VFH[[7 scmcft vnmuc rckhXslzc

drhj v$jystnt, v$stntgnjc

wecrc v$jystnt.V[N[LV[LF# : v$stntgnjc.V[N[LV[LF#

ngk gnjc : 'rckh slzc'2

...

# FSYYCG[ V[N[SV HD YCKHMH@

V\V7 scmcft tercnk#, `rhup#, scqucgfc#, iytcs, jcjicrs, nrfelvck, stntus,

dlrstXfeng`c#, thXfenr(dlrstXtljc,'kk-jhg-yyyy ee9;?jl?ss') dlrstXtljc

drhj sys.vX$mh` hrkcr iy tercnk#, `rhup#2

...

# YCKHMH@ PYL[CY QYHFCVV

V\V7 scmcft splk drhj v$prhfcss wecrc prh`rnj mlbc '%M@PY%'2

...

V\V7 ! ps cd | `rcp m`wr

...


14/14


# MLV[V CNFE JCJICY HD CNFE HGMLGC YCKHMH@ @YHSQ

V\V7 scmcft * drhj v$mh`2

...

# YCKHMH@ DLMCXGNJC LGDH

V\V7 scmcft * drhj v$mh`dlmc2

...

V[N[SV DYHJ T$MH@ &T$MH@DLMC

N mh` `rhup fng ic lg hgc hd dhur stntus.

FSYYCG[ Furrcgt rckh mh`, tec rckh mh` ls nftlvc.

NF[LTC Mh` ls nftlvc, iut lt ls GH[ furrcgt mh`. Ycqulrck dhr lgstngfc rcfhvcry.

LGNF[LTC Mh` ls gh mhg`cr gcckck dhr lgstngfc rcfhvcry ngk fng ic hvcrwrlttcg.

SGSVCK Yckh mh` oust nkkck hr oust ndtcr n YCVC[MH@V.

N mh` dlmc fng ic lg hgc hd dhur stntus.

LGTNMLK Dlmc ls fhrrupt hr jlsslg`. - (lgnffcsslimc)

V[NMC Dlmc ls gcvcr iccg usck.

KCMC[CK Dlmc ls gh mhg`cr usck.

TLCPV DHY YCKHMH@

T$MH@ Klspmnys tec rckh dlmc lgdh drhj tec fhgtrhm dlmc

T$MH@DLMC Lkcgtldlcs rckh mh` `rhups ngk jcjicrs ngk jcjicr stntus.

T$MH@XELV[HY\ Fhgtnlgs mh` elsthry lgdhrjntlhg.

T$nrfelvckXmh` Fhgtnlgs nrfelvck mh`s lgdhrjntlhg.

FMCNYLG@ [EC YCKHMH@ DLMC/@YHSQV

Pecg kntninsc ls hpcg, n rckh mh` dlmc jl`et ic fhrruptck tecg tec kntninsc wlmm sthp rcsphgklg`.

Lg tels sltuntlhg tec nmtcr kntninsc fmcnr mh`dlmc... V^Mstntcjcgt fng ic usck th rclgltlnmlzc

tec dlmc wltehut seuttlg` khwg tec kntninsc.

V\V7 nmtcr kntninsc fmcnr mh`dlmc `rhup =`rhupXgujicr72

V\V7 nmtcr kntninsc fmcnr mh`dlmc `rhup >2

Lg shjc htecr sltuntlhg, tecrc jny ic n fengfc tent tec furrcgt rckh mh` dlmc `ht fhrrupt icdhrc

lt wns suffcssdummy nrfelvck. Lg tehsc sltuntlhgs wc fng fmcnr tec ugnrfelvck rckh mh` rhup uslg`

dhmmhwlg` stntcjcgt. [els stntcjcgt fmcnrs tec fhrruptck rckh mh`s ngk nvhlks nrfelvlg` tecj.

V\V7 nmtcr kntninsc fmcnr ugnrfelvck mh`dlmc `rhup =`rhupXgujicr72

V\V7 nmtcr kntninsc fmcnr ugnrfelvck mh`dlmc `rhup >2

Hgfc yhu fmcnr ng ugnrfelvck rckh mh` dlmc, yhu sehumk jnbc nghtecr infbup hd tec kntninsc.

UNDO AND REDO IN ORACLE.pdf

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