Understanding the Metric System. How Many Shoes?

Understanding the Metric System

How Many Shoes?

Burma

Liberia

Two systems commonly used for measuring:

1. U.S. Standard (Customary System)

2. Metric System (SI)

The unit of measurement for temperature is the degree.

There are three scales used to measure temperature:

Fahrenheit scale

Celsius scale

0 F

Kelvin scale

0 C

K

U. S. Standard Units Metric Units

unit - degrees unit - degrees

scale - Fahrenheit scale - Celsius

U. S. Standard Units Metric Base Unit

inches

feet

yards

miles

meter

m


ounces

pounds

tons

gram

g

(weight)


fluid ounces

cups

quartsgallons

teaspoons

tablespoons liquids: liter

L

solids: cubic meter

m3

pints

Prefix Symbol Meaning

kilo- 1 000

hecto- 100

deka- 10

Base Unit 1

deci- 1/10 or 0.1

centi- 1/100 or 0.01

milli- 1/1000 or 0.001

k

h

dk

m, g, L

c

m

d

Packet: page 2

Working with the Metric System

kilo-

hecto- deka-metergram liter

deci- centi- milli-

1 000 100 10 1 0.1 0.01 0.001

Packet: page 3

Rule #1: All metric measurements are written using lower case letters except for liter. An upper case L is used for all liter measurements.Example: 35 mm not 35 MM and 35 mL not 35 ml

25 kg 36 ML 15 Cm 47 mL 59 km

63 kl 94 dg 86 MM 71 cg 9 ml

Rule #2: Do not make the metric measurement plural by adding an –s.Example: 97 cm not 97 cms

1 m 10 Ls 15 kgs 20 ms 12 mm

32 km 125 cgs 67 mL 86 cm 75 gs

Homework: Writing Metric Units

Rule #4: Leave a space between the number and the metric unit.Example: 15 km not 15km

554 km 420mL 39.5 mg 959.8L 5.57 cm

Rule #5: Many times a space is used instead of a comma when writing large numbers. Try writing you’re your metric measurement using a space instead of a comma. Example: 1 000 km not 1,000 km

1 498 kg 9,532 mL 1,810 cm 2 674 cg 6,148 km


10.2 cm 420 cL. 50 mm 15 g. 4 L

3 mL 17 km. 889 dg. 1 600 m. 48.1 kL

Rule #3: There are no periods written after metric measurements.Example: 36 mg not 36 mg.

Rule #7: Remove any unnecessary zeros AFTER a decimal point.Examples: 23 cm not 23.000 cm 6.9 mL not 6.90 mL

4.80 cm 7.5 kg 120 mL 19.00 dg 0.390 km

8.1 cm 0.9 km

5.63 m 0.51 mg 6.4 mm


Rule #6: If there is no whole number before the decimal point, ALWAYS place a zero before the decimal point.Example: 0.75 cm not .75 cm

1.5 cm 397 kg .7 mL 0.143 dg .253 km

Converting in the Metric System

$5.00

50 dimes 500 pennies

kilo-

hecto-

deka- BaseUnit

deci-

centi-

milli-

Move the decimal to the left.

Move the decimal to the right.

kilo-

hecto-

deka-

BASE

deci-

centi-

milli-

1. 3 m = _______ cm

2nd : Determine your starting point

3rd : Determine your ending point

4th : Count the number of steps

1

2

5th: Move the decimal point the same number of jumps in the same direction

1st: Rewrite the number adding a decimal point

3.

300

kilo-

hecto-

deka-

BASE

deci-

centi-

milli-

2. 19 g = __________ mg




1

2



19.

19 000

3

kilo-

hecto-

deka-

BASE

deci-

centi-

milli-

3. 3.9 km = _______ m




1

2


1st: Rewrite the number with the decimal point

3.9

3 900

3

kilo-

hecto-

deka-

BASE

deci-

centi-

milli-

4. 9 000 mm = _______ m



4th : Count the number of steps1

2



9

3

9 000.

kilo-

hecto-

deka-

BASE

deci-

centi-

milli-

5. 500 mg = _______ g



4th : Count the number of steps1

2



500.

0.5

3

kilo-

hecto-

deka-

BASE

deci-

centi-

milli-

5. 19 m = _______ km




1

2



19.

0.0193

Base Unit

deka-

deci-centi-

milli-

hecto-

kilo-

Conversion Practice

1. 1 000 mg = _____ g 2. 1 L = _____ mL

3. 160 cm = _____ mm 4. 14 km = _______ m

5. 109 g = _____ kg 6. 250 m = _____ km

7. 3 mm = _______ cm 8. 4 mL = _______ L

9. 98 cg = _______ g 10. 6cL = _______ L

1 1 000

1 600 14 000

0.109 0.25

Packet: page 10

0.3 0.004

0.98 0.06

1) 3 km = __________ m

2) 7 000 m = __________ km

3) 30 mm = __________ cm

4) 1100 cm = __________ m

5) 5 cm = __________ mm

6) 4 000 g = __________ kg

7) 9 kg = __________ g

8) 90 mg = __________ cg

9) 6 g = __________ mg

10) 10 000 mL = __________ L

11) 2 L = __________ kL

12) 150 mm = __________ cm

13) 3 kg = __________ g

14) 5.5 cm = __________ mm

15) 6.7 km = __________ m

16) 2.5 L = __________ mL

17) 0.25 L = __________ mL

3 000

7

311

50

4

9 000

96 000

15

0.002

3 000

10

250

55

2 500

6 700

Conversion Challenge

1. kilogram _____ 4. milliliter _____ 7. kilometer _____

2. meter _____ 5. millimeter _____ 8. centimeter _____

3. gram _____ 6. liter _____ 9. milligram _____

kg mL km

m mm cm

g L mg

Packet page 11

1) 2 000 mg = _____ g 6) 5 L = _____ mL 11) 16 cm = _____ mm

2) 104 km = _______m 7) 198 g = _____ kg 12) 2 500 m = _____ km

3) 480 cm = _____ m 8) 75 mL = _____ L 13) 65 g = ________ mg

4) 5.6 kg = _____ g 9) 50 cm = _____ m 14) 6.3 cm = _____ mm

5) 8 mm = _____ cm 10) 5.6 = _____ cm 15) 120 mg = _____ g

2 5 000 160

104 000 0.198 2.5

4.8 0.075 65 000

5 600 0.5 63

0.8 560 0.12

Packet page 11

Measuring with the Metric System

Temperature -the measure of how hot or cold something is

Instrument -thermometer

Metric unit of measurement -degrees Celsius

0 C

Comparing Temperature Scales

Units of Temperature

Fahrenheit scale

0 F

Celsius scale

commonly used byscientists

water boils at 1000 C

0 K coldest temperature – absolute 0

official SI unit

Kelvin scale

water freezes at 00 C

U. S. standard system

http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/primaryframework/downloads/SWF/thermometer.swf

http://www.standards.dfes.gov.uk/primaryframework/downloads/SWF/thermometer.swf

Mass :

the measure of the amount of matter in an object

Instrument used: triple-beam balance

Metric unit of measurement:gram g

Balances are used to measure mass.

Scales are used to measure weight.

Different weights

Mass

Definition

the measure of theamount of matterin an object

Characteristics

measured in g and kg;measured with a balance

Examples

paper clip = 1 gbaseball bat = 1 kg 1 kg = 1 000 g

Nonexamples

weight-a force measured with a scale

triple-beam balance

measuring mass with a triple beam balance

triple beam balance

Length:the distance between two points

Instrument used: metric ruler

meter stick

Metric unit of measurement:meter m

Definition – the distance between two points

Length

Units ofLength

Measuring Length

basic unit - meter

smaller measurements: cm, mmlarger measurement: km

divided into cm and mm1 cm = 10 mm

metric rulermeter stick

You are 1.8 m tall, sothat makes you 180 cm or 1 800 mm tall.

Using a Metric Ruler

What’s my Length?

The metric unit of measurementfor length is the meter.

Length – the distance between two points

Definition:The amount of space an object occupies

Instruments used:

beaker

graduated cylinder

Metric unit of measurement:liter L

Measuring Volume: Outline

I. Volume

II. Volume of Liquids

a. Equipment Used:

b. Unit of Measurement:

a. Definition: the amount of space an object takes up (or occupies)

graduated cylinder, beaker

liter (L)milliliter (mL)

The graduated cylinder is marked off in equalunits of volume.

The volume of the liquidIs 7 mL.

53 mL

meniscus

Measuring Liquid Volume

Regularly shaped

Instrument used:metric ruler

L x W x H

Metric unit of measurement:cm3

Regularly shaped

Instrument used: metric rulerFormula: V = L x W x H

Metric unit of measurement: cm3

Irregularly shaped

Method used: water displacement

Metric unit of measurement: cm3

Each cube is 1 cm on each side.

Volume Of Solids

10cm

3cm

4cm

L =

W =

H =

5, 4, 3

4, 3, 2

8 , 2, 3

10 cm

5 cm

2 cm

III. Volume of Regular Solids

a. Formula:

b. Label:

c. 1 cm3 =

IV. Volume of Irregular Solids

a. Method Used:

V = L x W x H

cm3

1 mL

water displacement

Irregularly shaped

Method used: water displacement

Metric unit of measurement:cm3

xxxxxxxxxx

xx

Water Displacement Method

A B

Step 1: Add water to a graduated cylinder and record the amount.

Step 2: Place the object into the graduated cylinder.

Step 3: Record the volume of the water with the object.Step 4: Find the difference in water volume by subtracting.

Step 5: Convert the liquid volumemeasurement (mL) to the measurement for solid volume (cm3).*** Remember: 1 mL = 1 cm3

Volume of water in graduated cylinder A =

200 mL

Volume of water in graduated cylinder B =270 mL

A B

Difference in water: 270 mL - 200 mL = 70 mL

Volume of rock: 70 mL = 70 cm3

Volume of water without object:

Volume of water with object:

Difference in water volume: _____

_____

_____

Volume of object _____ mL = _____ cm3

32 mL

38 mL

32 mL

38 mL

6 mL

6 6




_____

_____





_____

_____


65 mL

69 mL

65 mL

69 mL

4 mL

4 4




_____

_____


46 mL

54 mL

54 mL

46 mL

8 mL

8 8




_____

_____


50 mL

52 mL

50 mL

52 mL

2 mL

2 2

volume

volume – the amount of space an object takes up

liquids are measured in mL or l

graduated cylinders and beakers are used to measure liquids

solids are measured in cm3

V = L x W x H - regular-shaped solid

water displacement method - irregular-shaped solids

Definition:the measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume of space

Formula: D = mass volume

Units of Measurement:g/cm

g/mL

If objects are the same size they will have the same density.

Different materials have different densities.

Density is made up of two other measurements – mass and volume.

true

The density of a substance like gold is always different.

The density of a substance is the same for all samples of the substance.

The density of water is 1 g/mL. true

An object will float if it is more dense than the surroundingliquid.

An object will float if it is less dense than the surrounding liquid.

gold = 19.3 g/cm3

8 cm3 of gold = 154.4 g

water = 1 g/mL wood = 0.5 g/cm3

8 mL of water = 8 g 8 cm3 of wood = 4 g

100 g of water 100 mL

100 g of wood

5.2 cm3

200 cm3

100 g of gold

mass = 18 g

volume = 20 cm3

density = 0.9 g/cm3

Density Lab

definition: the measure of how much mass is contained in a given volume of space

Made up of two measurements: mass and volume

density = massvolume

density of a solid

g/cm3

density of a liquid

g/mL

density

Temperature

Mass

Length

The measure of how hot or cold something is.

0C thermometer

The measure of the amount of matter in an object.

ggrams

balance

The distance betweentwo points.

m metercm, mm

metric rulermeter stick

Volume: liquid

Volume: solid

Density

The amount of space an object takes up

graduated cylinder,beaker

Regular-shaped cm3 L x W x H

Irregular-shaped cm3

waterdisplacement

Lliter mL

The measure of how muchmass is contained in a given volume of space.

g/cm3

g/mL

density = mass volume

19 g = _______ mg

1. Locate grams on the steps.

2. Move three steps to the right to get to milligrams.

3. Move the decimal point three places to the right adding zeros as needed.

19. 190. 1900.

19 000

19000.

3.9 km = _____ m

1. Locate kilometers on the steps.

2. Move three steps to the right to get to meters.

3. Move the decimal point three places to the right adding zeros as needed.

3.9 39. 390.

3 900

3900.

9 000 mm = _____ m

1. Locate millimeters on the steps.

2. Move three steps to the left to get to meters.

3. Move the decimal point three places to the left adding zeros as needed.

9 000.

900.0 90.00 9.000

9

500 mg = _____ g

1. Locate milligrams on the steps.

2. Move three steps to the left to get to grams.


500. 50.0 5.00 .500

0.5

19 m = _____ km

1. Locate meters on the steps.

2. Move three steps to the left to get to kilometers.


19. 1.9 .19 .019

0.019

Understanding the Metric System. How Many Shoes?

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