Understanding Risks: Key to Living

Safely with Nature’s Hazards

Global Platform on Disaster Risk Reduction

Preconference Session: Understanding Disaster Risk

Cancun, Mexico

23 May 2017

Renato U. Solidum, Jr. Undersecretary, Department of Science and Technology

Officer-in-Charge, Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology

The Philippines is prone to many natural hazards

due to its geologic and geographic setting

HAZARDS IN THE PHILIPPINES

Earthquake Tsunami Volcanic

eruption

Typhoon Storm surge Flood Landslide

DISASTER LOSSES

• Life loss or Injury

• Damage to buildings, infrastructures, properties,

equipment

• Loss of lifelines – water, energy/electricity,

communication, transport systems (roads,

bridges, rail, seaport, airport)

• Damage to or interruption of food supply

• Loss of public and other critical services

• Loss of business or revenues from business

interruption

• Disruption of economic development

DISASTER IMAGINATION

• Need to have science-based hazard and risk

scenarios for extreme (large scale) events

• Extreme events

require regional to

national coordination

for:

Mitigation

Preparedness

Response

Recovery

NATIONAL DISASTER RISK REDUCTION AND MANAGEMENT FRAMEWORK

RISK

FACTORS

Hazards

Exposures

Vulnerabilities

Capacities

DRR and CCA

in Planning &

Implementation

Prevention &

Mitigation Preparedness

Rehabilitation &

Recovery Response

Safer, adaptive and resilient Filipino

communities toward sustainable development

ORGANIZATIONS INVOLVED IN NATURAL

HAZARDS AND RISK ASSESSMENT

Department of Science and Technology (DOST)

PHIVOLCS– earthquake, tsunami and volcano-related hazards and

scenarios

PAGASA– flood and storm surge hazard; climate change scenarios

Department of Environment and Natural Resources (DENR)

MGB – flood and landslide

NAMRIA – aerial photography and remote sensing, topographic base

mapping, geoportal development

Academe

*DOST funded projects: DREAM-LiDAR (LiDAR topography,

flood hazards; NOAH (rain-triggered landslide, storm surge)

Rapid Earthquake Damage Assessment System (REDAS) DOST-PHIVOLCS

Hazard Assessment Module

Exposure Data Module

Earthquake Impact Assessment Module

Flood Loss Assessment Tool

Severe Wind Impact Modelling Module

DEVELOPMENT OF RISK ASSESSMENT TOOL

DEVELOPMENT OF NATIONAL

EXPOSURE DATABASE * Exposure data governance workshop in first quarter of

2015 involving national and local governments, academe,

private sector, CSOs

• Area-Based Approach:

– Divide land areas by their actual use

– Develop statistical information about buildings, population etc.

– Suitable for extensive urban and rural areas

• Feature-Based Approach:

– Record location of individual features (buildings, structures etc)

– Record specific attributes for each feature

– Suitable for infrastructure

* Continue training REDAS exposure; database can use:

• Collaboration with various partners - international partners (ex. Geosciences Australia, JICA, Sentinel Asia)

- national agencies (hazards mapping, exposure data, land use and

development planning, others)

- academe

- local governments

- businesses

• Conduct of collaborative pilot studies - earthquake risk assessment of cities (Metro Manila, Iloilo)

- multi-hazard risk analysis of Metro Manila (earthquake shaking, severe wind

and flood)

• Training of academe, national agencies and

businesses with use of REDAS software - State universities and colleges per region are trained and financially supported

to assist local governments in risk assessment

- Develop new modules

CAPACITY BUILDING

SEMINAR WORKSHOPS TO INTRODUCE

HAZARDS AND RISKS, MAPS, TOOLS

National level – national agencies, business organizations,

academe

Local level - disaster managers, development planners,

engineers, local leaders (village, town/city, province), engineers,

teachers, residents

GROUND SHAKING IN GREATER METRO MANILA (West

Valley Fault Earthquake, Risk Analysis Project, 2013)

NCR

BULACAN

RIZAL

CAVITE

LAGUNA

BULACAN

NCR RIZAL

CAVITE

LAGUNA

M6.5 M7.2

COMMUNICATING RISK INFO AS SCENARIO

BUILDING AND CASUALTY ESTIMATES FOR METRO MANILA FROM A WEST VALLEY FAULT EARTHQUAKE

Risk Analysis Project, 2013 – PHIVOLCS, GA (AusAID)

M7.2 M6.5

Total Floor Area in Complete 88,142,000 65,407,000

to Collapsed Damage (sqm)

Total Floor Area in Slight 172,924,000 162,799,000

to Extensive Damage (sqm)

Total Fatalities (Death) 31,000 23,000

Total Injuries Very Serious 14,000 10,000

Serious 112,000 85,171

Slight 385,000 302,000

Total Building Losses (millions of PhP) 2,269,000 1,773,000

HAZARD AND RISK INFORMATION THROUGH

WEB AND PHONE APPLICATIONS

The PHIVOLCS FaultFinder (locate the nearest active fault from a

specified location or the named barangay).

http://faultfinder.phivolcs.dost.gov.ph

The NAMRIA Philippine

Geoportal and PHIVOLCS

Geoportal (web-GIS based

portal, to view and collate multi-

hazard and risk maps)

www.geoportal.gov.ph

The DOST funded project

DREAM - LIDAR (shares LiDAR,

flood hazard and resource maps)

lipad.dream.upd.edu.ph

http://geomatics.phivolcs.dost.

gov.ph:8080/geoportal/

Key Messages 1. Key to an integrated disaster risk reduction efforts at

national to local level is the development of science-based

hazard and risk scenarios that are clearly communicated

to various stakeholders, enabling the imagination of the

disaster that can happen and aligned actions at various

levels that can help reduce the impact and enable

appropriate and fast response and recovery.

2. Tools must be developed and adopted to facilitate risk

assessment, understand risk and mainstream use of risk

information in planning and implementation of mitigation,

preparedness, response and recovery efforts.

3. Hazard and risk assessment efforts is facilitated if these

are at the priority of national to local plans and are

sufficiently funded.