Understanding Pain and Needle Phobia - Comfort and Coping ... · Surveys 1 in 4 adults avoid...
Transcript of Understanding Pain and Needle Phobia - Comfort and Coping ... · Surveys 1 in 4 adults avoid...
UnderstandingPain and Needle Phobia -
Comfort and Coping Strategies
Angela Mackenzie
Department of Anaesthesia and Pain Management
Social EnvironmentSocial Environment
Pain BehaviourPain Behaviour
Suffering
Attitudes /Attitudes /BeliefsBeliefs
NociNoci--ceptionception
Understanding Pain
Change the way you think about pain
Reduce threat value for you/your child
Improve management
Prevent needle phobia
Surveys
1 in 4 adults avoid medical contexts
1 in 10 adults have needle phobia
70% had bad experience < 10 years of age
Health professional
Child Parent
Respect
Leadership
Confidence
Trust
Parent focused training
Stimulus
Thoughts
Alarm Signal
DampensAlarm Signal
Alarm Signal
FearsSeparation
Strangers
Bodily mutilation
Loss of control
“Words are the most powerful drugs used by
mankind”
Rudyard Kipling
“This is going to hurt like hell”
Reassuring comments EmpathyApologiesCriticismToo much control to child
WarningSympathising with language that refers to
negative experiences
Blount 1989, Chambers 2002
Can words hurt? Lang EV Pain 114 (2005) 303-309
Mother / Child
Patient / Provider
Techniques for babies
Swaddling
Rocking / Patting
Dummy
Sucrose
Breast feeding
Psychological techniques
Information/preparation
Parent positioning
Distraction
Hypnosis
Combined cognitive-behavioural interventions
Psychological interventions for needle-related procedural pain and distress in childrenand adolescents (Review) Cochrane Library 2007, Issue 1. Uman LS et al.
Self-hypnosis
“I am convinced that the need to dream is critical, to visit the private country in your head is an essential part of thinking, a natural problem-solving gift we are all given if we choose to use it.”Bryce Courtenay April Fool’s Day p.59
You
are your
child’s voice
Themes
Transformative experience
Role of Parents
Power of Music
Perception of Hospital
Pain Management
Treatment of Phobia
Psycho-education
Recognise response of body
Check and challenge thinking
Use of distraction/imaginal situations
Exposure to a hierarchy of feared situations