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““Understanding Communications DesignUnderstanding Communications Designin the Military Environment”in the Military Environment”
William F. Lee, RCDD
Thomas L. Case, Ph.D.
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Need for Top-Down Understanding and Network Design Approach
Network design in the military environment is driven by high-level architectures and roadmaps to future capabilities.
Examples include the Global Information Grid and C4ISR (Command, Control, Computer, Communications, Surveillance, Reconnaissance)
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C4ISR
Protect the Force
Protect theSpectrumFor Own Use
Deny theSpectrumTo theEnemy
Targeting
Know the EnemyDay orNight
Enable Net CentricOperations
Command the Operation
Goals/Capabilities for C4ISR Systems
3
ReconnaissanceSystems
SurveillanceSystems
CommunicationSystems
Command andControl Systems
IntelligenceSystems
Computers
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Military Network Design Considerations
The translation of the military’s high-level architectures and roadmaps into physical networks require understanding of the applications and services the networks must support both now and in the future. These include:
– Warfighting applications
– Defense intelligence applications
– Netops
– Business Applications
– Enterprise Services
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Military Application/Services Categories
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04/19/23 6
Examples of Bandwidth Hungary Military Applications/Services include:
Telemedicine STAMIS Applications Telemaintainence Email/Web Distance Learning Electronic Publishing Video Teleconferencing Video on Demand Distributed Simulation Remote Access Real-Time Imagery Paperless Contracting
Reality Check: Military Applications/Services Require Increasing Bandwidth
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Network Mission and Service Requirements Determine Network Design Objectives
The mission of the network describes the reason(s) it exists.
This enables designers to identify and prioritize the video, voice, and data applications/services that the network must support.
Network designers and architects subsequently translate these into network design objectives that can be used as improvement targets for network:
– Performance– Availability– Security– Adaptability– Affordability– Manageability
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04/19/23 F-01a-8
Factors that Define Network Design Requirements in Military Environments
Network Mission Objectives / Mission Requirements
Define
Network Design Requirements
generate
Network Service Requirements
network design objectives
network design objectives
network design objectives
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I3A and I3MP
The United States Army's installation level architecture is referred to as the Installation, Information, Infrastructure Architecture (I3A).
– It is the post, camp, and station piece of the DISN.
The I3A is a blueprint which is a criteria used for the modernization of all posts, camps, and stations.
I3MP is the program that implements I3A. It is part of the Infrastructure Modernization (IMOD) initiative
PEO EIS NSC is responsible for coordinating I3MP
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Installation Information Infrastructure Architecture (I3A) - Objectives
The underlying objective of the I3A is to meet current information transfer requirements while creating an infrastructure flexible enough to meet the exponentially increasing data communications requirements and new technological advances
In the long term, the I3MP will merge telephone and data communications into a single integrated network within the I3A
Design will satisfy the IS/IT requirements of the military within a facility
IAW the TIA/EIA Telecommunications Standards (568-C.0, C.1, C.2, and C.3
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Sustaining BaseSustaining Base
What does I3A do?
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I3A Technical Criteria
Addresses Voice, Data, CATV and OSP
References 18 U.S. Government Publications
References 24 NON U.S. Government PublicationsReference approximately 170 Other Publications
References 104 OSP Publications
References 5 German and European Publications
SIPRNET
References 45 U.S. Government Publications
References 5 NON U.S. Government Publications
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Who Mandates these Requirements?
Pentagon DOD (Department of Defense) DISA ( Defense Information Systems Agency) NSA (National Security Agency) ISEC (Information Systems Engineering Command) CTTA (Certified TEMPEST Technical Authority) NES (Network Enterprise Center) DOIM USACOE ( United States Army Corp of Engineers)
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I3A and I3MP Guidelines Provide Logical and Physical Requirements Guidance for Network Designers
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Components1. HIGH CAPACITY OPTICAL FIBER CABLE
CONNECTED TO DISN2. FIBER PIPELINE & SWITCHES TO HIGH PRIORITY
BUILDINGS 3. FIBER PIPELINE TO OTHER BLDGS
Components1. HIGH CAPACITY OPTICAL FIBER CABLE
CONNECTED TO DISN2. FIBER PIPELINE & SWITCHES TO HIGH PRIORITY
BUILDINGS 3. FIBER PIPELINE TO OTHER BLDGS
BARKELEY
KHE SANH
MCG
RATH
PRUSSMAN
ELLIS
SPECKER
GATE 2
O’CONNELLWE
TZ
EL
CH
ILES
• DIST LEARN• TELE CONF• SIMULATION
CLASSROOM XXI
•SIDPERS•C4I•E-MAIL
BN HQ
• GCSS-A• ULLS• TOTL ASSET VIS
MAINTENANCE
• TELE-MED
HOSPITAL
•GCCS / DMS•VTC / COLL PLAN•SPLIT BASE OPS
POST HQ
• C4I• E-MAIL• ASSET VIS• VTC
BDE HQ
• DIST LEARN• WWW
DOD SCHOOLS
• ELEC COMMERCE• PAPERLESS
CONTRACTING• TOTL ASSET VIS
DISCOM/ DOL/ DRM
• GCSS-A / ULLS• TOTL ASSET VIS• FIXED TACTICAL INTERNET
MOTOR POOL
RANGE
DISN DATAHIGHWAY
OPTICAL FIBER CABLE “DATA PIPELINE”
1 2
3
2
3
2
2
21
1
1
2
2
3
An Example of an Army I3A Implementation
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Room Level Physical Network Design
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Military Network Design in a Nutshell
We need to get from here:
To here:
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Military Network Design in a Nutshell
And we need to know:
The bandwidth requirements of the applications and services that must be supported by the network, both now and in the future
The network performance, availability, security, adaptability, affordability, and manageability targets that must be hit.
The networking devices, communication protocols, and cabling needed to support/satisfy each of the above
How to weave all the above together into network designs that comply with I3A and I3MP guidelines
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Military Network Design in a Nutshell
Power and HVAC requirements for EUBs, ADNs, and MCNs are driven by military communication requirements
– These are also being influenced by network infrastructure trends such as virtualization and burgeoning data storage requirements.
OSP and inside cabling options must consider current and future communication requirements.
Because all military facilities are communications, IS/IT intensive, there is a growing need for contract professionals with broad technical knowledge of communication technologies and how these can be deployed to comply I3A and I3MP guidelines.
– Involving such individuals in RFP processes is increasingly important and is being mandated
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I3A Topology Criteria
The telephone and data networks must be connected in hierarchical meshed star topologies for optimum configuration with switched technologies.
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Complying with I3A and I3MPTechnical Criteria:Who can Help?
Two acronyms You Need To Know
RITP
(Registered Information Transport Professional) Knowledge Based (Manufacture Products)
RCDD (Registered Communications Distribution Designer) Knowledge Based Provides Contract Drawings and Specifications Designer of Record
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What makes RITPs and RCCDs Special?
They Know that Technologies Always Changes
Industry Knows that Communications Design Is a Specialized Field
They have Broad Technical Knowledge of IS/IT and Communication Technologies They are Recognized World Wide as Subject Matter Experts
Their Knowledge is never Stale: Credential Requirements 15 CEU Per year
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What is required of the RCDD
Attend Design Meetings Design “T” Drawings Write Specifications (Division 27 & 28) Stamp and Sign Drawings and Specifications ISEC (Review Drawings and Specifications) CTTA (Must be Consulted for the Design of SIPRNET,
and Review Drawings and Specifications) Review and Stamp Submittals Field Visits and InspectionsApprove test plan and analyze test reports
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RCDD Design Roles
Design of Information Transport System Infrastructure Cabling (copper/fiber) OSP VTC
TeleconferencingVideo TeleconferencingTelePresence
Paging/Intercommunications ESS
Access Control IDS (Intrusion Detection System)Security Cameras Wireless
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RCCD Design Roles
Special User Systems In House Systems
SIPRNET SIPRNET Space OnlyCTTA Designs PDS
JWICS
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RCDD DesignRoles
Stay abreast of I3A and I3MP updates
Monitor bandwidth requirements for applications and services
Design I3A Compliant Communications Rooms
Location and Size Power requirements Conditioned Air Requirements Pathways Bonding
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FUTURE
The Age of Technology
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The Future of Military Network Design:Increasing Network-Centric Operations
GNEC (Global Network Enterprise Construct) Data Centers NOC (Network Operations Center) NSC (Network Service Centers)
NETCOM (Network Enterprise Technology Command)
Everyone Touches the Network
Desktop Telephone Smartphone
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Summary
I3A purpose– A criteria for RCDD’s
RCDD Skills Set– Education, experience, and credentials– Daily changing IS/IT requirements
RFP’s– Need to be written by RITP’s and RCDD’s
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Questions
510 Gentilly Road
Statesboro, GA 30458
912-225-3001
www.tcomdesigninc.com
Questions
510 Gentilly Road
Statesboro, GA 30458
912-225-3001
www.tcomdesigninc.com