BRADVALTMAN

Table of Contents

Table of Contents

Sub[Urban] Design: Infrastructure and Institution

Thermal Baths: On_At_In Sankt Jørgens Sø

Lafayette Public Library: Void Space

Urban Mixed Use: [Inter] City, Office [Park]

Case Studies

Additional Work

BRIDGETON_MOSub[Urban] Design:

Infrastructure and Institution

Holman Middle Watershed

Pattonville HeightsMiddle Watershed

Pattonville High Watershed

Land Use Change

2007

2010Commercial

Single Family

Multi Family

Private School

Public School

Recreation

Park or Vacant

Industrial

Elementary School

Middle School

K-8 School

High School

Bridgeton Boundary

Pattonvile

Urban design, at it’s core, is about cities. But with suburban sprawl a critical issue for this generation of designers, the discipline can no longer afford to shy away from the issues affecting these environments.

This project seeks to address such an issue in the forced relocation of residents in Bridgeton, a suburb just west of the St. Louis airport, by a new runway expansion. Beginning with mapping how the relocation impacted nearby land use led to an investigation of how the city interacted with its local school district of Pattonville. This research indicated how the current school attendance area organization and locations of educational institutions are influenced by the suburban fabric to further divide an already fragmented community.

Public Library

Residential + Park Separation Residential + Institution Separation

I -270 N. Lindbergh Blvd.

St. Charles Rock Rd.

I-70

Greenway through Bridgeton Existing conditions at Node

Proposed Bridgeton MasterplanPerspective of new school + urban orchard

Following the mapping, a group masterplan for the city was created. The plan seeks to consolidate land located within the 100 year flood zone and vacant land into a system of parks and greenways to better connect the city. Located along these parkways are community institutions to encourage the parks’ use and to increase pedestrian and cycle accessibility. At the center of the city, a new civic node is proposed that uses relocated educational institutions of schools, a library, and recreation center to anchor the greenway and create an accessible and useful municipal center. This node then serves as a catalyst for future mixed use development along the greenway.

Institution Relocation and Consolidation

I - 70

Civic Node at center of city, new development, and relocated institutions

Community Center

Shared Sports Fields

School + Public Library

Park Bridge Spanning I-70

Middle School

Parkside Terrace

Formal Allee Approach

Restored Riparian Corridor + Wetland

Natural Habitat Open Lawn Urban Orchard

Civic Park Plan Landscape Plan

New Residential/Commercial Mixed-Use Along Spine

Catalyzed Development P a r k i n g over Retail

Greenway Paths

Phase 1 Development Catalyzed Phase 2 Development

Copenhagen_DKThermal Baths: On_At_In Sankt Jørgens Sø

Parallel

Perpendicular

Above

Under

Visual

At In

PhysicalAudible

On

HapticCurrent ConditionsPossible Conditions

Transition

Social

Semi-Social

Introspective

Social

Social

Between

Urban

At

Under

Entry

In

Wet Private Water

Dry Public Land The lakes of Copenhagen hold a significant place in the urban fabric. What once was used to provide the necessity of urban drinking water now provides the necessity of urban access to nature. Unfortunately, the current infrastructure surrounding the lakes only provides a limited degree of interaction between residents and the water.

This project seeks to reconnect Copenhagen residents with the water of the lakes by offering new relationships between users and the water as they progress through the thermal baths. A series of volumes recall giant stepping stones as they descend into the water, allowing users different visual experiences with the lake while the program allows for more tactile relationships with the water of the baths. The changing light conditions caused by the changing relationships inform the programmatic organization; as the light becomes more diffuse through reflection on and refraction through the water, the program becomes more private and introspective.

AtIn OnLand

Between

Under

B

B C

C

A A

1

2 3

4

5

6

7 8

9

5

Urban Volume + Roof Terrace

1 - Cafe2 - Lounge

3 - Covered Deck4 - Public Deck

5 - Public Lakeside Path

Entry Volume6 - Waiting Area7 - Ticket Counter8 - Maintenance

9

“Between” Volume9 - Changing Area

10 - Bathroom11 - Showers

1010 11 11

“In” Volume

12 - Social Relaxation Deck13 - Social Hot Tub

14 - Warm Basin15 - Social Hot Basin

16 - Cold Plunge Pool17 - Outdoor Swimming Basin

18 - Outdoor Deck

12

13141516 14

17

18

17

18

“At” Volume

19 - Introspective Relaxation Deck20 - Introspective Hot Tub

21 - Waterfall Rooms22 - Aromatherapy/Spa Treatment

9 9 9 9 819 20

21 22

5

“Under” Volume

23 - Steam Room24 - Sauna

25 - Massage Room

23 23 24 24 24

2 5

URBAN

ENTRY

BETWEEN

IN

ROOF

AT

UNDER

CC

BB

AA

LAFAYETTE SQUARE_ST. LOUIS_MOLafayette Public Library: Void Space

Located at the corner of a prominent St. Louis park, this project seeks to strengthen the impact of such urban open spaces by re-densifying the urban fabric and appropriating the voids that have decimated America’s urban areas to do so. The site is first extruded to create a solid volume. Next, half of the volume is shifted and embedded into the site to physically root the project in the neighborhood. Then voids are carved out of this volume to allow light, air, and views to penetrate into the solid mass. Two voids are woven through the solid, creating both interior and exterior void spaces that are used to create reading areas and enhance the users’ experience. Circulation corridors are embedded within these voids, marking them for easy navigation while also anchoring the void and solid spaces together. The library becomes not just a place to search for books, but a neighborhood gathering space, a staying space. The massive presence of the dark stone facade marks it as a neighborhood landmark while also giving it a sense of weight and history: it embeds itself into the urban fabric of the neighborhood.

EXTRUDE

SHIFT + EMBED

CARVE

WEAVE

JOIN

INTERIOR + EXTERIOR

Interior Void

Exterior VoidA

B

C

D

A

B

B

B

B

B

C

C

CC

C

D

D

D

D

D

Ground Floor

Second Floor

Third Floor

2

31

4

56

7

8 9

10 11

12

12 13

13

1314

12

12

13

1312

15

14

14

15

15

15

16

16- Children’s Area

15- Reading Area

14- Terrace

13- Study Room

12- Library Stacks

11- Administration Area

10- Courtyard

9- Computer Room

8- Magazine Room

7- Terrace

6- Administration Office

5- Main Desk

4- Main Atrium

3- Entry Courtyard

2 - Community Room

1- Cafe

a

b

c

d

AA BB

North Elevation

cc

cc

DD

D

CC

West Elevation

a

b

c

d

THE GROVE_ST. LOUIS_MOUrban Mixed Use: [Inter] City _Office [Park]

This mixed-use retail and office project seeks to capture the possibilities embedded in evolving office/work paradigms by catering to the growing flexibility offered by new technologies and the reality of tenancy. Structural piers create a frame within which individual tenants can determine their own spatial needs while corten-screened extrusions help control light and provide subtle separation within offices. This flexibility increases the importance of the public, “inter”-spaces; terraces and courtyards are provided to encourage greater work flexibility and inter-office interactions.

Structural Pier

1 - Public Patio2- Covered Public Plaza

3 - Urban Gate4- Retail

5 - Proprietary Courtyard6 - Intimate Courtyard

7 - Office Atrium8 - Studio Workshop

9 - Studio Gallery

1

1

2

3

3

31

4

4

44

4

4

4

5

6

7

7

7

7

8 9 9

Ground Floor Plan

Semi-Public

Public-Private Overlap

Public-Private Transition

Semi-Private

The courtyards are also important to how the project operates at an urban scale. They act as neighborhood inter-spaces that can transition between public and private uses. The urban gates help negotiate between public, semi-public, and private by controlling access, allowing for programmatic flexibility within the courtyards. In a neighborhood with little public space, the project provides a much needed urban amenity, which in turn helps the retail located on the ground level.

7 - Office Atrium10 - Office Space11 - Covered Terrace12 - Open Terrace13 - Traditional Office Example14 - Open Concept Office Example

Screened Extrusion

10

11

13

1414

Second Floor Plan

7

7

7

7

11

12

12

12

12

10

10

10

1112

10- Office Space7- Office Atrium 11- Covered Terrace 11- Open Terrace

Third Floor Plan Roof Plan

10

7

11

12

11

7

7

10

10

11

10

Section AA 1”= 3/32” Courtyard Section

Public-Private Overlap East Elevation

Public-Private OverlapSouth Elevation

CASE STUDIESWall Section_St. Louis_MO

Villa Mairea_Alvar Aalto_Finland

Wall House_Tadao Ando_Japan

Villa Savoye_Le Corbusier_France

This ink on mylar drawing shows a typical wall section for an office addition in St. Louis, MO

Typical Wall Section

The Villa Mairea is perhaps most known for its success in reconciling Modernism with local, vernacular traditions, humanizing the industrial through combining vernacular and industrial materials and introducing organic, natural forms.

This section model explores and emphasizes these ideas through its use of multiple materials and focus on the organic elements such as the staircase and “primitive” overhang.

Wall House Hybrid Drawing_Graphite Rendering

Wall House Hybrid Drawing_Photoshop Rendering

Wall House Axonometric_Ink on Mylar

Villa Savoye_Basswood Section Model

Spray Bottle Analysis through Digital Modeling

ADDITIONAL WORK

Reverse Plates: A Study in Joined Patterns

ADDITIONAL WORK

ADDITIONAL WORK

Streetscape Design Guidelines Handbook City of Cleveland | 2011 City Planning Commission

Cleveland Streetscape Design Guidelines Handbook: Layout, Drawings, and Images

ADDITIONAL WORK

Regulatory Terms 11

Public Right-of-way:The public right-of-way is the area, owned by the City that extends from the private property line on one side of a public thoroughfare to the private property line on the other side. Commonly included in this area are the sidewalks, tree lawns, curbs, and street pavement. In the Downtown area, building facades often abut the right-of-way line. In other areas of the City, there is often a required setback for buildings from the right-of-way line. (See Codi ed Ordinance 401.49.)

Setback:A setback is a City-required area, on private property, that lies between the right-of-way/private property line and built improvements, such as buildings or parking facilities, where nothing may be constructed without a variance being granted. Setback widths vary from street to street. (See Codi ed Ordinance 325.61 and the Building Zone Maps of the City of Cleveland.)

Example Street Section. Example Setback Section.

Setback

Property Line

Cleveland City Planning Commission | Streetscape Design Guidelines

Regulatory Terms

Regulatory Terms 11

ADDITIONAL WORK

Trees + Tree Grates 38

The following minimum distances shall be observed when planting trees in the City’s public rights-of-way. These distances are required to ensure adequate room for access to other streetscape elements while enhancing tree survivability. All distances are measured from the center line of the tree and are design and species dependent.

9.3

Distance from tree to adjacent tree (center to center) is 25 feet.

Distance from parking meters is 6 feet (where possible) to give access to/from car doors while limiting possible damage to the trees.

Distance from gas valves, water valves, oil fi ll pipes is 3 feet.

Distance from curb cuts or a driveway is 5 feet.

Distance from fi re hydrants is 8 feet.

Distance from an intersection is 20 feet (as measured from the midpoint of the nearest radius) as long as adequate sight distances for motorists are maintained.

Distance from streetlights is 8 feet

•

•

•

•

•

•

•

Tree grates shall be installed in conjunction with new tree plantings in paved sidewalks or amenity strips in areas of high pedestrian traffi c such as the Central Business District. Tree grates and frames shall be a cast iron type manufactured by Neenah Foundry Company or an acceptable equal. Material shall conform to ASTM A48-83 class 35 or better. All castings shall be manufactured true to pattern and component parts shall t together as speci ed by the manufacturer. They shall be of uniform quality; free from blowholes, porosity, hard spots, shrinkage, distortion or other defects. They shall be smooth and well cleaned by shotblasting.

9.4

9.5 Grates must be ush to the sidewalk upon installation and the frame must be in a true, at plane to prevent rocking of the grate. To ensure proper t, a grate or template should be placed in the frame when the concrete surround is poured. Care must be taken to prevent concrete from adhering to the surface of the grate.

Grates shall be securely affi xed to the concrete or steel frame in a manner which allows removal for tree maintenance.

9.6

Street trees located in amenity strip | West 6th St.

Tree grate ush with surrounding pavement | Euclid Ave.

Trees + Tree Grates 38 Cleveland City Planning Commission | Streetscape Design Guidelines

ADDITIONAL WORK

Tree grates must be a type which will allow for expansion as the tree matures.9.8

In areas outside the Central Business District where trees are planted in pits without grates, the trees shall be mulched. Such installations shall include a 6-inch rolled concrete curb to contain the mulch. Wood timbers shall not be permitted for use as tree pit curbs. (See attached detail)

9.9

Trees + Tree Grates 39

9.7 Tree pits with grates must be lled with acceptable topsoil at the time of planting. Under no condition will Urban Forestry accept open space between the tree grate and top dressing. Provisions for soil settling must be made. Additional top dressing must be added no sooner than 3 months after planting.

An area of unobstructed walkway must be maintained between the edge of a tree pit or grate farthest from the curb and the outside edge of the sidewalk nearest the private property line. In the Central Business District, the minimum dimension of the unobstructed walkway shall be 10 feet. Outside of the Central Business district, the minimum dimension shall be 6 feet in commercial districts and 5 feet in residential districts. (See also Section 1.)

9.10

Within the Central Business District and areas where underground utility chases exist or are proposed, tree grates shall be installed no less than 2 feet from the back of the curb. In areas where no underground utility chase exists or is proposed, tree grates shall be a minimum of 2 feet back of the curb unless a protective 6-inch concrete curb surrounding the tree pit is constructed. Where the protective curb is installed, the tree grate may be a minimum of 6 inches from the back of the curb.

9.11

Irrigation and a scheduled maintenance program for all planted areas are strongly encouraged.9.12

Trees may be planted only while dormant during the season recommended in the street tree planting list which is available from Urban Forestry. Spring planting shall commence no earlier than April 1st and conclude no later than June 1st and fall planting shall be from October 15th to December 1st , unless otherwise directed by Urban Forestry.

9.13

The minimum size of tree accepted shall be 2 to 2 ½ inch in caliper measured six inches from the ground. Trees larger than four inches in caliper shall be measured at twelve inches above the ground

9.14

Rolled Concrete Curb

Rolled Concrete Curb

Trees + Tree Grates 39Cleveland City Planning Commission | Streetscape Design Guidelines

BRADVALTMAN440.223.1654 | brad.valtman@gmail.com9300 Canterbury Ln, Mentor, OH 44060