U N D E RC OV E R C H E AT I N G

BLOOD DOPING

BLOOD DOPING

• Illicit method of improving athletic performance by artificially boosting the blood’s ability to bring more oxygen to muscles

TYPES OF BLOOD DOPING

• Blood Transfusions• 2 types of transfusions

• Injections of erythropoietin (EPO)

TYPES:BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS

Autologous Transfusions

• Athlete’s own blood

• Drawn and stored for later use

Homologous Transfusions

• Athletes use the blood of someone else with the same blood type

RISKS OF BLOOD TRANSFUSIONS

• Risk of infection

• Potential toxicity

• Homologous- greater risk of contracting an infectious disease

TYPES:EPO INJECTIONS

• EPO= erythropoietin

• Secreted by kidneys to regulate production of red blood cells

• Pharmaceutical product

RISKS OF EPO INJECTIONS

• Thicker blood

• Greater strain on heart

DETECTION OF BLOOD DOPING

• Search of athlete’s homes and team facilities

• Blood/urine test

TRANSFUSION DETECTION

Autologous Transfusions

• No current detection method

• World Anti Doping Agency

• Indirect methods

Homologous Transfusions

• Been in use since 2000

• Fluorescent-Activated Cell Sorting

EPO DETECTION

• EPO undetectable

• Very controversial

PREVENTATIVE MEASURES

• “Blood Passports”

ARE THERE “BENEFITS”?

• Increased endurance

• Benefits long exercises

• Improves performance

• Avoids oxygen depletion

NEGATIVE EFFECTS

• Heart attack• Stroke• Blood disorders• Blood contaminations• Pulmonary embolisms• Lung injury• Bacterial infections• Death

MILITARY USE

• U.S. Special Forces

• Australian Defense Forces

• “All is fair in love and war”

BIBLIOGRAPHY

• "Blood Doping - World Anti-Doping Agency." World Anti-Doping Agency. WADA, Sept. 2011. Web. 16 Mar. 2013.

• "Result Filters." National Center for Biotechnology Information. U.S. National Library of Medicine, Mar. 2012. Web. 16 Mar. 2013.

• "What Is Blood Doping? Everything You Need To Know About EPO And Other Performance-Enhancing Drugs Lance Armstrong

Says He Used." International Business Times. IBT Media Inc., 18 Jan. 2013. Web. 16 Mar. 2013.

• "What Is Blood Doping?" What Is Blood Doping? Science and Industry Against Blood Doping Research, n.d. Web. 16 Mar. 2013.