Under the SeaUnder the Sea

A Power Point Presentation A Power Point Presentation

of the Coral Reefof the Coral Reef

By Grade 3-3By Grade 3-3

April, 2009April, 2009

CushionCushion StarfishStarfishBy Ariana WarnerBy Ariana Warner

• Physical characteristicsPhysical characteristics– Its 35mm in height.Its 35mm in height.– It comes in brown, It comes in brown,

red ,orange and yellow. red ,orange and yellow.

• EnvironmentEnvironment– It lives on coral reefs, under It lives on coral reefs, under

rocks, rock pools and sandy rocks, rock pools and sandy bottoms of the oceans.bottoms of the oceans.

• Environmental dangersEnvironmental dangers

• Oil spillsOil spills

• Bad fishing practicesBad fishing practices

• Careless diversCareless divers

Green sea Turtle Green sea Turtle by Gregory by Gregory MartinMartin

**Physical characteristicsPhysical characteristics

Green Shell, Slimy Body, Green Shell, Slimy Body, Round HeadRound Head and a and a StraightStraight Tail.Tail.

*Environment *Environment

The green sea turtle The green sea turtle lives off the coast of lives off the coast of Florida and around Florida and around GeorgiaGeorgia

**PredatorsPredators

Humans, Killer sharksHumans, Killer sharks Whales, Dolphins and Whales, Dolphins and other bigger animalsother bigger animals

Blacktip Reef Shark By Robby Blacktip Reef Shark By Robby NoceNoce• Physical CharacteristicsPhysical Characteristics

– Has long, thin teeth.Has long, thin teeth.– Black and gray.Black and gray.– 6 feet long.6 feet long.

• EnvironmentEnvironment– Lives in coral reefs.Lives in coral reefs.– Lives in lagoons.Lives in lagoons.– Lives in Pacific Ocean.Lives in Pacific Ocean.– Lives in Indian Ocean.Lives in Indian Ocean.

Blacktip Reef Shark By Robby Blacktip Reef Shark By Robby NoceNoce

PredatorsPredators

It’s predators are It’s predators are whales.whales.

PreyPrey

It preys on tiny reef It preys on tiny reef fish and mullets.fish and mullets.

Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin By Atlantic Bottlenose Dolphin By Grace KellyGrace Kelly

Physical Physical Characteristics Characteristics

They could be up to They could be up to 12 feet in length. 12 feet in length. The body can The body can change color Black change color Black to Silvery grayto Silvery gray

Atlantic Bottlenose DolphinAtlantic Bottlenose DolphinBy Grace KellyBy Grace Kelly

• What it preys on:What it preys on:

Herring ,mullet , Herring ,mullet , capelin, capelin,

Smelt, catfish ,eels, Smelt, catfish ,eels, shrimp and squidshrimp and squid

Its predators:Its predators:

Sharks and WhalesSharks and Whales

Environmental dangersEnvironmental dangers::

Mainly Oil spillsMainly Oil spills

• Environment: Environment: Mainly live in Florida, Mainly live in Florida,

Carribien sea, Black Carribien sea, Black sea, Red sea, and sea, Red sea, and pacific and Atlanticpacific and Atlantic

• Other facts: Other facts: They are name They are name

Botllenose because Botllenose because their nose is pointed their nose is pointed upup

Grey Reef Shark By Ronan Grey Reef Shark By Ronan SmithSmith• PreyPrey

-reef bony fish-reef bony fish

-squid-squid

-octopi-octopi

-crabs-crabs

-lobsters-lobsters

• PredatorsPredators

-humans-humans

-silvertip shark-silvertip shark

Hawksbill Sea Turtle Hawksbill Sea Turtle By Emily PerroneBy Emily Perrone

• EnvironmentEnvironment

– Found in hard andFound in hard and rock rock

bottomed coralbottomed coral reef.reef.

• What it preys onWhat it preys on – SpongesSponges

– Large fishLarge fish – MollusksMollusks

– Crustaceans Crustaceans • Its predatorsIts predators

– HumansHumans– SharksSharks– OctopiOctopi– Large fishLarge fish

Hawksbill Sea TurtleHawksbill Sea Turtle

• Physical Characteristics:Physical Characteristics: Beak Beak that is the shape of a hawk beakthat is the shape of a hawk beak

• It can be 30 to 36 inchesIt can be 30 to 36 inches

• Environmental dangersEnvironmental dangers their eggs are destroyed their eggs are destroyed

by other sea creatures.by other sea creatures.

Humans also ruin their Humans also ruin their

nesting beaches.nesting beaches.

– Other FactsOther Facts

• When Hawksbill When Hawksbill sea turtles are sea turtles are threatened they threatened they cannot dive into cannot dive into deep water to deep water to escape.escape.

Sea Horse BY Amina SeniorSea Horse BY Amina Senior• What it preys on:What it preys on: It is a It is a

carnivore & eat small carnivore & eat small plankton. plankton.

• It Predators are crabs, rays It Predators are crabs, rays and tuna.and tuna.

• Environmental DangersEnvironmental Dangers::• The stormy seas.The stormy seas.• Physical CharacteristicsPhysical Characteristics • Like horses they stay upward Like horses they stay upward

when they swim.when they swim.• They are 15 centimeters long.They are 15 centimeters long.• Environment:Environment:• Live in the salty seas.Live in the salty seas.• Other Facts:Other Facts: • They have no teeth or a They have no teeth or a

stomach. They are call sea stomach. They are call sea horses because they look like horses because they look like a horse. a horse.

The Longed- Spine The Longed- Spine Porcupine FishPorcupine FishBy: Conor BrowneBy: Conor Browne

• Predators-Predators- Whales and Whales and sharks may swallow it sharks may swallow it whole but then they whole but then they choke because of the choke because of the spikes.spikes.

• Prey- Mollusks, crabs, Prey- Mollusks, crabs, and sea urchins.and sea urchins.

• Environmental Environmental Dangers- Pollution Dangers- Pollution and oil spills.and oil spills.

• Environonment- Environonment- Live in shallow Live in shallow areas in tropical areas in tropical waters of the world.waters of the world.

TheThe Longed-Spine Longed-Spine Porcupine FishPorcupine FishBy: Conor BrowneBy: Conor Browne

• Physical Physical Characteristics-It Characteristics-It is up to 24inches is up to 24inches and it has long and it has long spines that are spines that are all over his body all over his body except its face except its face and fins.and fins.

• Other Facts- When Other Facts- When not threatened its not threatened its spines lie flat spines lie flat against its body.against its body.

PINK SKUNK CLOWNFISHPINK SKUNK CLOWNFISHBy Christine CorioBy Christine Corio

Physical CharacteristicsPhysical Characteristics• -Pinkish orange colored -Pinkish orange colored

body with white stripe body with white stripe from nose down to tail from nose down to tail and white stripe behind and white stripe behind eyeeye..

• EnvironmentEnvironment They Live in Great They Live in Great

Barrier ReefBarrier Reef• Other Facts Other Facts

– Sharks don’t eat the Sharks don’t eat the Pink Skunk clownfish, Pink Skunk clownfish, but they are known to but they are known to attach to sharks and attach to sharks and divers who wander too divers who wander too close to their anemone.close to their anemone.

Christmas Tree Worm ByChristmas Tree Worm ByJames AlaimoJames Alaimo

Physical characteristicPhysical characteristic

– It has a Christmas tree It has a Christmas tree like shell.like shell.

– A small body. A small body. – It is 4c.m long [6 in].It is 4c.m long [6 in].– Comes in different Comes in different

colors.colors.EnvironmentEnvironment– They live on reefs of 40 They live on reefs of 40

feet. feet. Other FactsOther Facts– It’s shelter is the It’s shelter is the

shell on it’s back.shell on it’s back.– It comes in many It comes in many

shapes and sizes.shapes and sizes.

Christmas Tree WormChristmas Tree Worm

• What it preys on: What it preys on: They only eat They only eat plankton.plankton.

• Environmental Dangers: Environmental Dangers: They They are not threatened.are not threatened.

• Predators Are: Predators Are: Sea Urchins, Sea Urchins, flounder, parrot fish, lobster, flounder, parrot fish, lobster, pudding wives, sting rays, pudding wives, sting rays, schoolmasters, and sea stars. schoolmasters, and sea stars.

Prey, Predators and Prey, Predators and Environmental DangersEnvironmental Dangers• What it preys on:What it preys on:• -It preys on plankton and -It preys on plankton and

small crustaceans.small crustaceans.• Its predators: Bigger fish if Its predators: Bigger fish if

the clownfish leaves its the clownfish leaves its anemone, and humans anemone, and humans because they want them in because they want them in their aquariums.their aquariums.

• Environmental Dangers: Environmental Dangers: One danger to their One danger to their environment is the environment is the increasing acidity of the increasing acidity of the ocean water and loss of the ocean water and loss of the coral reef habitat.coral reef habitat.

Purple Tube Sponge Purple Tube Sponge By Joelle WrightBy Joelle Wright

Physical Physical characteristicscharacteristics

- tubes tubes - HolesHoles

Predators Predators - FishFish- Sea slugsSea slugs- Hawksbill turtlesHawksbill turtles

Facts About the Facts About the Purple Tube SpongePurple Tube Sponge

The purple tube sponge is very interesting. It The purple tube sponge is very interesting. It eats plankton and its predators are a few eats plankton and its predators are a few fish , sea turtles, and sea slugs. After fish , sea turtles, and sea slugs. After scientists studied sponges they realized that scientists studied sponges they realized that these echinoderms ate food and did not these echinoderms ate food and did not plant characteristics such as roots. The plant characteristics such as roots. The purple tube sponge provides shelter for purple tube sponge provides shelter for small crabs , sea stars , and other marine small crabs , sea stars , and other marine invertebrates. The purple tube sponge is not invertebrates. The purple tube sponge is not only special to the food chain but very only special to the food chain but very special to me!special to me!

SEA ANEMONESEA ANEMONE By: Bridget LaphamBy: Bridget Lapham

• Physical Characteristics: Physical Characteristics: Size:2.5 to17 c. m. and Size:2.5 to17 c. m. and sometimes 6f.t.8.sometimes 6f.t.8.

• Color: all colorsColor: all colors

• Shape: all shapesShape: all shapes

• Environment: Shallow Environment: Shallow waters, the coral reef & waters, the coral reef & deep oceansdeep oceans

SEA ANEMONESEA ANEMONE

Prey:Prey:

• Amphipods, plankton, Amphipods, plankton, fish, & mussels.fish, & mussels.

• Zooplankton, isopods, Zooplankton, isopods, shrimp,& worms.shrimp,& worms.

PredatorsPredators

• Greg Sea Slug, Greg Sea Slug, Nudibranchs, snails, Nudibranchs, snails, fish, Tompot Blenny,& fish, Tompot Blenny,& sea stars.sea stars.

Environmental DangersEnvironmental Dangers

• Ships anchors Ships anchors

• Old fishing netsOld fishing nets

Other factsOther facts

• They are named after They are named after flowers.flowers.

• There are 1,000 or more There are 1,000 or more found in the world.found in the world.

• If a sea anemone is If a sea anemone is threatened it pulls its threatened it pulls its tentacles in and looks tentacles in and looks like a colorful ball.like a colorful ball.

The Tomato Clown FishThe Tomato Clown FishEdouard AugustinEdouard Augustin• Physical CharacteristicsPhysical Characteristics

– One white stripe behind its headOne white stripe behind its head– Males have red bodiesMales have red bodies– Females have a black patch on Females have a black patch on

the rear part of their bodiesthe rear part of their bodies– Length is 5.5 inchesLength is 5.5 inches– 3-5 pounds3-5 pounds– Females are bigger then malesFemales are bigger then males

• EnvironmentEnvironment– Barrier ReefBarrier Reef– Has many hiding placesHas many hiding places– Has live rock growth for gazingHas live rock growth for gazing– Does not migrateDoes not migrate

• Environmental DangersEnvironmental Dangers– Global warmingGlobal warming– Reef walkingReef walking– Dropping anchorsDropping anchors– Pollution Pollution

Cool Facts about The Cool Facts about The Tomato FishTomato Fish

What It Preys OnWhat It Preys On• The anemone’s leftoversThe anemone’s leftovers• Dead anemone tentaclesDead anemone tentacles• PlanktonPlankton

It’s PredatorsIt’s Predators• Other fish bigger then itOther fish bigger then it

Other FactsOther Facts• Does not need anemone to surviveDoes not need anemone to survive• Scientific name is Amphiprion FrenatusScientific name is Amphiprion Frenatus• Is also called the fire fish or the red Is also called the fire fish or the red

clownfishclownfish• Has a symbiotic relationship with the Sebae Has a symbiotic relationship with the Sebae

and Malu anemonesand Malu anemones

• They prey on They prey on seals, penguins, seals, penguins, dolphins, smaller dolphins, smaller whales and other whales and other fish that are fish that are smaller than them.smaller than them.

• Its predators are Its predators are bull sperm whales.bull sperm whales.

• They have a black They have a black back & white chest back & white chest with a white patch with a white patch on its side.on its side.

KILLER WHALE by Briana KILLER WHALE by Briana GomezGomez

Soap Fish By Caroline SinghSoap Fish By Caroline Singh

• Predators- 24 species Predators- 24 species of marine fishesof marine fishes

• Prey- main prey Prey- main prey small cardinal fishsmall cardinal fish

• Environmental Environmental Dangers-people are Dangers-people are over fishing they also over fishing they also leave their net in the leave their net in the ocean or they litter ocean or they litter and throw garbage in and throw garbage in the ocean. the ocean.

More facts about the Soap More facts about the Soap FishFish• Physical Physical

Characteristics- Characteristics- soap fish are 30 soap fish are 30 centimeters and centimeters and {1foot}.{1foot}.

• Other facts-the Other facts-the Soap fish is the Soap fish is the best know member best know member of the groupof the group

The Chocolate SurgeonfishThe Chocolate Surgeonfish By Sinead Alexeas By Sinead Alexeas

• Physical CharacteristicsPhysical Characteristics– BrownBrown– FinsFins– SmallSmall– Rough bodyRough body

• EnvironmentEnvironment– Marine ReefMarine Reef

• Other FactsOther Facts– Their Max. Size is 25.0cm / Their Max. Size is 25.0cm /

9.8 inches 9.8 inches – The Species name is The Species name is

Acanthurus pyroferusAcanthurus pyroferus– Some Synonyms are Hepatus Some Synonyms are Hepatus

leucosternon, Rhombotides leucosternon, Rhombotides celebicus, and Acanthurus celebicus, and Acanthurus leucosternonleucosternon

– The food for them is algae The food for them is algae and plantsand plants

Cool Facts About The Cool Facts About The Chocolate Surgeon FishChocolate Surgeon Fish

The Chocolate Surgeon Fish is brown of The Chocolate Surgeon Fish is brown of course. It got its name because it looks course. It got its name because it looks like chocolate because of its color. They like chocolate because of its color. They eat algae and plants. The Chocolate eat algae and plants. The Chocolate Surgeon Fish’s species name is the Surgeon Fish’s species name is the Acanthurus pyroferus. The Chocolate Acanthurus pyroferus. The Chocolate Surgeonfish’s environment is The Marine Surgeonfish’s environment is The Marine Reef. This fish (The Chocolate Surgeon Reef. This fish (The Chocolate Surgeon Fish) is a very interesting fish. Fish) is a very interesting fish.

THE GREAT WHITE SHARKTHE GREAT WHITE SHARKBy: Brian BlemurBy: Brian Blemur

• ENVIRONMENTENVIRONMENT– GREAT WHITE SHARKS GREAT WHITE SHARKS

ENVIRONMENT IS THE SEAENVIRONMENT IS THE SEA

• OTHER FACTSOTHER FACTS– THE GREAT WHITE SHARK CAN THE GREAT WHITE SHARK CAN

SMELL ONE DROP OF BLOOD IN SMELL ONE DROP OF BLOOD IN 25 GALLONS OF WATER.25 GALLONS OF WATER.

• ENVIRONMENTAL DANGERSENVIRONMENTAL DANGERS– NONE,BUT THE NUMBERS NONE,BUT THE NUMBERS

HAVE BEEN DECLINING HAVE BEEN DECLINING BECAUSE OF BECAUSE OF SPORTSFISHERMEN AND SPORTSFISHERMEN AND COMMERCIAL HUNTERS.COMMERCIAL HUNTERS.

THE GREAT WHITE SHARKTHE GREAT WHITE SHARK

PHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICSPHYSICAL CHARACTERISTICS- GREAT WHITE SHARKS - GREAT WHITE SHARKS

ARE ABOUT 4-5 METERS ARE ABOUT 4-5 METERS LONGLONG

• WHAT IT PREYS ON:WHAT IT PREYS ON:– SEALS,TURTLES,BIRDS,TSEALS,TURTLES,BIRDS,T

UNA, BABY SHARKS, UNA, BABY SHARKS, DOLPHINS, AND SMALL DOLPHINS, AND SMALL WHALESWHALES

• ITS PREDATORSITS PREDATORS– THE PREDATORS OF THE THE PREDATORS OF THE

GREAT WHITE SHARK ARE GREAT WHITE SHARK ARE HUMANSHUMANS

The Grouper FishThe Grouper FishBy Aidan FitzgeraldBy Aidan Fitzgerald

• What it preys on: What it preys on: – Fish, Crab, Lobster, Fish, Crab, Lobster,

and Octopus. They and Octopus. They just swallow not bitejust swallow not bite..

• It’s predators:It’s predators:– Mainly humans.Mainly humans.

• Other facts:Other facts:– There was a Grouper There was a Grouper

20 feet long and 4 20 feet long and 4 feet wide. feet wide.

More Grouper Facts:More Grouper Facts:• Environmental dangersEnvironmental dangers

• Hurting the reef and Hurting the reef and over fishingover fishing..

• Physical Physical CharacteristicsCharacteristics

• The grouper only The grouper only swallows, so if you try swallows, so if you try to catch it you have to to catch it you have to use a spear.use a spear.

• EnvironmentEnvironment

• The dark depths of the The dark depths of the ocean.ocean.

Blue Devil fish Blue Devil fish By Nick PlanteBy Nick Plante• Physical Characteristics Physical Characteristics

– Has yellow tailHas yellow tail– Blue spotted headBlue spotted head– Blue and white stripes on Blue and white stripes on

bodybody

• EnvironmentEnvironment– 3-30 miles deep in 3-30 miles deep in

seashore reefseashore reef– Lives in caves alone in Lives in caves alone in

Sydney AustraliaSydney Australia

• PredatorsPredators– It is eaten by the Butterfly It is eaten by the Butterfly

fish and Surgeon fishfish and Surgeon fish

More Blue Devil Fish FactsMore Blue Devil Fish Facts• PreyPrey

– Shrimp and Shrimp and ZooplanktonZooplankton

• Environmental dangersEnvironmental dangers

• Being traded for Marine Being traded for Marine aquariums aquariums

• Extra factsExtra facts– Protected by N.S.W.Protected by N.S.W.– It is 40 cm longIt is 40 cm long– Pollution is putting Pollution is putting

them in dangerthem in danger