Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendment History of Flight Revision 1.00.
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Transcript of Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendment History of Flight Revision 1.00.
Uncontrolled copy not subject to amendment
History of Flight
Revision 1.00
Map Reading
Learning Outcome 1:
Have an appreciation of the history of lighter-than-air craft and the methods of control applied to
airships
Objectives
1. Describe the evolution of manned flight from balloons
to airships.
2. Explain why balloons fly.
3. Explain how modern airships are controlled.
History of Flight
Man takes to the Air!!Or does he?
1452 - 1519
Leonardo da Vinci
History of Flight
Etienne Montgolfier
6 Jan 1745 – 2 Aug 1799
Joseph Montgolfier
26 Aug 1740 – 26 Jun 1810
25 April 1783
Annonay in France
Hot Air Balloon
12m diameter,
Rose 305m (1000 ft).
History of Flight
19 September 1793King Louis XVI
not impressed,
but did offer
finance.
Montgolfier Brothers
History of Flight
Francois Pilatre de Rozier
with Marquis d’Alandes,
9km flight.
30 Mar 1754 – 15 Jun 1785Died with
Pierre Romain
trying
to cross the
English Channel.
History of Flight
Jacques Charles
12 Nov 1746 – 7 Apr 1823
1 Dec 1793
Flew 43 km (27 miles)
Witnessed by 400,000 people.
Hydrogen filled balloon
History of Flight
James Tytler
1745 - 1804
First Flight on 27 Aug 1784.
30 ft diameter/40 ft high.
Filled with Hot Air.
Flew half a mile and 350 ft high.
How do Balloons Fly?
Imagine a Balloon the size of a house!
It has ½ tonne of Helium.
It will Displace about 4 tonnes of Air.
The difference between these 2
weights is the Lifting Force.
How do Balloons Fly?
Hot Air inside the
Balloon is
Less Dense than
the Air Outside.
Airships
Air Pump
Air Valves Tail Arrangements
How are Airships Controlled?
BallonetsHelium
Airships- Ascends
Air Valves Tail Arrangements
Contract
Air Pump
Ballonets
Air released into atmosphere reducing weight and
allowing the Helium gas to expand, giving more Lift.
Helium
Airships- Descends
Expand
Air Pump
Ballonets
Air pumped into the Ballonets adding weight and
compressing the Helium gas so that Lift is reduced.
Airships – Problems?
Hindenberg Disaster – 6 May 1937
What was it
filled with?
Hydrogen!
The Present
Stephane Rousson (39)
At 8 am, on 28 Sep 08, Stephane Rousson attempted to
cross the English Channel from Hythe in Kent to Wissan
in France. The attempt failed 11 miles from the
destination due to strong headwinds. He was recovered
by boat to France.
The Future
Objectives
1. Describe the evolution of manned flight from balloons
to airships.
2. Explain why balloons fly.
3. Explain how modern airships are controlled.
Questions
In which year did the Montgolfier brothers first fly their
Hot Air Balloon?
a. 1673.
b. 1783.
c. 1883.
d. 1973.
Questions
Who first flew a man-carrying Hydrogen-filled Balloon?
a. Leonardo da Vinci.
b. Montgolfier.
c. Charles.
d. De Rozier.
Questions
What are modern Airships filled with?
a. Helium.
b. Hydrogen.
c. Butane.
d. Propane.
Questions
An Airship rises when:
a. The Ballonets empty and the Helium gas expands.
b. The Ballonets empty and the Helium gas is compressed.
c. The Ballonets are filled with air and the Helium gas is
compressed.
d. The Ballonets are filled with air and the Helium gas
expands.