High Power Density Turbine Based

Generation Systems

NDIA

Joint Service Power Expo

Myrtle Beach, SC

02-05 May 2011

Presented by:

Hernando Munevar Candent Technologies, Inc.

6701 W. Airport Blvd, Ste 190

Greenfield, Indiana 46140

317-336-4477 /4478

UNCLASSIFIED

Candent Company Background

3

About Candent Technologies: A lean, experienced, and expert team of

technical, program management, and business development personnel.

Each member has 20 or more years experience in the design, development,

qualification/certification, management, production and support of all types of gas

turbines, but particularly small and low cost turbine engine systems, having been

involved in the design and/or development of more than a dozen successful engines.

Sampling of Candent Team’s Engine Experience

Model 250

T800

Under Armor APU

for the M1A2 Tank Low Cost Expendable

Engines for Missiles and

UAV’s

GP7200

Low Cost - High Performance

Turbojet designed and on

test in 22 weeks

Allison Model 150

T406/AE1107/2100

T56/501

Strong background and knowledge base including small engines

4

About Candent Technologies

• Who we are: A lean, highly experienced, and expert gas turbine engine team, based

in Mt Comfort, Indiana

• What we are doing: Presently developing high efficiency, low cost, small gas

turbine engines, for military and civil power generation and propulsion systems

– Simple Brayton Cycle systems from 350 kW to 2,250 kW in size

– Specific fuel consumption 20-35% better than state of the art small turbine

engines (<1,000 kW size) and competitive with similar size diesels

– Microturbine systems, recuperated and simple cycle, from 10 kW up to 350 kW

• Current DOE Projects: Phase II SBIR program, started September 2011, to

design and test critical components for an advanced technology, high efficiency, low

cost gas turbine powered genset

– Simple cycle system with a Rankine “Bottoming Cycle” steam system to recover

exhaust waste energy

– Turbine shaft direct drive, high speed generators

– Capable of producing 1,500 kW

– High thermal efficiency goal set at 50%

• Current DOD Projects: Navy (NSWC-CD) Phase I SBIR program to define a main

gas turbine exhaust waste heat recovery system, started March 2011

Using available and proven technology – no inventions required

5

Candent Technologies Technical Capability

State of the art system and component design and analysis capabilities

Sea Level Test Cell Facility

Secondary Flow and

Heat Transfer

Static and Dynamic

Structural Analysis

No restriction – wide

open channel.

C = .003” with 5 tooth seal

Ps = 44.1 psi

.40% Wcore

(71% purge)

.28% Wcore

(71% purge)

Ps = 63.5 psi

C = .006” with 1/16” cell honeycomb

Ps = 42.8 psi

Ps = 62.6 psi

Radial overlaps with

.010” clearance.

C = .004” with

1/16” cell

honeycomb

.26% Wcore

Ps = 44.5 psi

Restrict flow area to

.037 in2 -- 6 holes @

.089”D.

No restriction – wide

open channel.

C = .003” with 5 tooth seal

Ps = 44.1 psi

.40% Wcore

(71% purge)

.28% Wcore

(71% purge)

Ps = 63.5 psi

C = .006” with 1/16” cell honeycomb

Ps = 42.8 psi

Ps = 62.6 psi

Radial overlaps with

.010” clearance.

C = .004” with

1/16” cell

honeycomb

.26% Wcore

Ps = 44.5 psi

Restrict flow area to

.037 in2 -- 6 holes @

.089”D.

HPC Rotor Blade – Freq 5 12900 HzHPC Rotor Blade – Freq 5 12900 Hz

Aerodynamic Design

and CFD Analysis High Speed Shaft Dynamics

T4 = 1800oF

SHP/Wa

T4 = 2000oF T4 = 2500oF T4 = 3000oF

Rc = 20

Rc = 15

Rc = 10

Rc = 30

100 200 300

.50

.45

.40

.35

.30

SF

C (

lb/h

p-h

r)

T4 = 1800oF

SHP/Wa

T4 = 2000oF T4 = 2500oF T4 = 3000oF

Rc = 20

Rc = 15

Rc = 10

Rc = 30

100 200 300100 200 300

.50

.45

.40

.35

.30

SF

C (

lb/h

p-h

r)

.50

.45

.40

.35

.30

SF

C (

lb/h

p-h

r)

1

2

3

4

5

6

7

1.00 1.50 2.00 2.50 3.00 3.50 4.00 4.50 5.00 5.50 6.00 6.50

PR

LP

Compressor

Design Point

70%

100%

95%

90%

80%

45%60%

Design surge

line

Corrected Flow (lbs/sec)

Gas Turbine Performance,

PD, Detail Design and CAD

Modeling Capability

1 inch

Simplified HP Rotor Configuration

Rotor Mode #1

Rigid Whirl Mode

Rotor Mode #2

Pitch Mode of Disks

Neutral

(Un-deflected)

Shape

Deflected

Mode

ShapeRotor Mode #3

Shaft Bend Mode

OD .8 “ / ID .2 “

3 “ span 2 “ distance

High Power Density:

The Gas Turbine Solution

7

Increased Deployment of Modern Warfare Systems

Will Require More Power Generation Capability

• The sophistication of current and future weapon systems will continue

to increase the requirements for electrical power

– Individual Warfighter size

– Tactical force size/land vehicle/tactical naval craft mounted

– Base size/large vehicle/naval vessel

• While modern systems are more efficient, they are more numerous

• Logistics support for power generation systems is also increasing

– Fuel Stocks Inventories

– Transportation

– Maintenance

• Power generation design continuously driven to

– Higher Power density

– Improved Mobility

– Higher Efficiency

– Higher Reliability

– Improved Maintainability

– Lower Cost

More high power density generation needed by deployed units

8

Turbines Provide Very High Power Density

Efficiently and at Cost Effective Rates

• Gas turbine specific power is much higher than similarly power rated

reciprocating engines

– Lighter overall system weight by an order of magnitude

– Smaller volume by factor of at least 4 to 5 vs. piston engine genset

• Candent advanced technology gas turbine has fuel efficiency

comparable to diesels of same power

• High speed generators at turbine output shaft speed eliminate need

for heavy gearboxes, minimize system complexity

• Multi-fuel capability of gas turbines easily allows great flexibility in

use of available fuels, i.e. diesel, jet, kerosene, bio fuel, natural gas,

propane, methane, etc.

• Gas turbine MTBO much longer than piston engine gensets, typically

in excess of 20,000 hr

• Gas turbine has lower life cycle cost than comparable piston engine – Significantly less scheduled and unscheduled maintenance

– Longer MTBO

– Similar acquisition cost as diesels

Advanced Technology Gas Turbines Offer Viable Solution

9

Gas Turbine Power to Weight Advantage

Gas Turbine Large Mobile Power Genset

11

Candent Advanced Technology Impact

• Larger gensets, 350kW-2.0MW would also greatly benefit from

Candent’s advanced technology gas turbines

– High pressure ratio provides higher efficiency

– Fuel burn comparable to similar power rated diesels

– Inherently more reliable

– High power density minimizes weight and size, provides highly

enhanced mobility

– Longer MTBO than diesels, by at least 100%

– Lower Scheduled and Unscheduled maintenance

• Candent is developing more efficient gas turbine under DoE

sponsorship

– Engine core testing scheduled for 1Q12

– System thermal efficiency goal is 50%

• Larger gas turbines use state of the art technology hot section

airfoil and cooling designs, achieve competitive fuel burn

Candent’s advanced technology enables genset high power

density with competitive fuel consumption and system costs

12

Candent Comparison versus Current Technology

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Power Rating (MW)

Eff

icie

ncy- %

S1A-02

1T-02

TURMO III

ZA-01

ST6-72

VT600

SATURN 20ST6-79

ST6-81

OP-16

ST6-90MAKILA T1

FGT2

SB15

GT2500 TF40

CENTAUR 40

501KBSCENTAUR 50

Typhoon 5.3

ST18ST30

ST40

Mercury 50

ST50

LM500

OR 990

PGT5

TYPHOON M

B30C

THM1203

501KB7

M7A-01

M7A-02

TornadoGT6001

AGT6000

Taurus 70

601KB9

SB5

Tempest

THM1204

Mars 90

SB30E

PGT 10

ASE120

SPW14

Candent Demo

Candent Adv

Technology

Therm

al E

ffic

iency (

%)

Power Rating (MW)

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Power Rating (MW)

Eff

icie

ncy- %

S1A-02

1T-02

TURMO III

ZA-01

ST6-72

VT600

SATURN 20ST6-79

ST6-81

OP-16

ST6-90MAKILA T1

FGT2

SB15

GT2500 TF40

CENTAUR 40

501KBSCENTAUR 50

Typhoon 5.3

ST18ST30

ST40

Mercury 50

ST50

LM500

OR 990

PGT5

TYPHOON M

B30C

THM1203

501KB7

M7A-01

M7A-02

TornadoGT6001

AGT6000

Taurus 70

601KB9

SB5

Tempest

THM1204

Mars 90

SB30E

PGT 10

ASE120

SPW14

Candent Demo

Candent Adv

Technology

15

20

25

30

35

40

45

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10

Power Rating (MW)

Eff

icie

ncy- %

S1A-02

1T-02

TURMO III

ZA-01

ST6-72

VT600

SATURN 20ST6-79

ST6-81

OP-16

ST6-90MAKILA T1

FGT2

SB15

GT2500 TF40

CENTAUR 40

501KBSCENTAUR 50

Typhoon 5.3

ST18ST30

ST40

Mercury 50

ST50

LM500

OR 990

PGT5

TYPHOON M

B30C

THM1203

501KB7

M7A-01

M7A-02

TornadoGT6001

AGT6000

Taurus 70

601KB9

SB5

Tempest

THM1204

Mars 90

SB30E

PGT 10

ASE120

SPW14

Candent Demo

Candent Adv

Technology

Therm

al E

ffic

iency (

%)

Power Rating (MW)

Higher Pressure Ratio Provides “Big Engine” Performance

Candent simple cycle engines have fuel consumption consistent with heavier recuperated engines

Simple Cycle Engines

Recuperated Cycle Engines

Data for graph from Sahm & Rosfjord UTRC Presentation to Second DOE/UN,

International Conference and Workshop on Hybrid Power Systems, 17 April 2002

13

Large (900kW) Mobile Power Genset Application

257. 53

113.7

Smaller, lighter, more easily transported system with same fuel consumption as diesel MEP- PU-810A

• Current Power Genset: MEP-PU-810A

– Power 840 kW

– Weight - 25,600 lbs

– Length - 21.1 ft

– Thermal Efficiency ~ 33%

– C-130 Transportable

Designed to be easily

Mounted on 1-1/2 Ton

Trailer, M103A3

Used in USAF Harvest Eagle and Harvest

Falcon Bare Base Operating Kits

900 kW in a package

similar to MEP003

• Candent Turbine Power System

– Power 900 kW

– Weight - 2,500 lbs (est.)

– Length - 12 ft

– Thermal Efficiency ~ 33%

– Competitive first cost, lower LCC

– Transportable in C-27, C-130, V-22, UH-47

Microturbine Based Tactical Genset

15

Microturbine Genset Solutions

• The standard military 30kW genset is the MEP 805/815 – Diesel Powered

– 30kW, 110 VAC, 60 Hz, 3 Phase

– 88 cu ft

– 3,000 lb

– The MEP 815 is the 400 Hz version

• Candent has designed a microturbine genset to the requirements of

the MEP805/815 – Utilizes turbine hardware previously designed and tested under Army

contract to Candent

– Adds recuperator system to enhance efficiency

– Uses high speed (turbine output shaft rpm) generator

– Under 200 lbs (minus fuel tank) and 9 cu ft

– Small and light enough to install in HMMWV, or MRAP

– Small enough to install in tactical and SOC riverine or naval craft, 21 ft and

up, including new vehicles such as CCM and USSV

Current systems are effective but are NOT high power density designs

16

• Power Rating:

• AC Power:

• DC Power:

• Speed:

• Shock Loads:

• Materials:

20-40 kW (50 kW de-rated to 40 kW)

20-40 kW, 110/208 VAC, 3 Phase, 60 Hz

Optional10 kW, 24 VDC, with 10-30 kW AC

75,000 rpm

25g (40g peak)

Capable of surviving marine environment

Generator Specifications

Other: The generator will also be used during the start mode for

engine starting using a 24V battery.

Candent Technologies design is a microturbine based,

20-40 kW Advanced Marine/Land Generator system:

A high speed generator means lower weight and volume

20-40 kW Marine/Land Generator Specifications

17

Microturbine Genset Components

Alternator Case

Control System

High Power

Electronics

Combustor

Oil Sump Compressor

Turbine

Exhaust

Recuperator Alternator Rotor

Shaft

Bearings

Lube Oil Filter

Microturbines with recuperator and high speed generator

provide highly efficient power in a very small package

Acoustic Enclosure Not Shown

18

High Power Density 20-40 kW Microturbine Genset

18.0” 31.0”

21.0

”

72.0”

20-40 kW Genset

Estimated Dimensions

• Est. Weight: < 200 lb

• Est. Volume: < 9 cu ft

• Fuel Consumption: 1.5- 2.8 gal/hr

• Multi Fuel Capable

Compact and reliable power generation system

Acoustic Enclosure Not Shown

19

Fuel Consumption Same as Similar Size Diesel

19

• Flat SFC curve down to 30% power

– Allows system to be oversized and have greater capability for minimal weight penalty

– SFC and GPH are about the same as similar sized diesel

– Power off-load capability of up to 40 kw even on a hot day

Fuel Consumption GPH vs KW Output

0.000

1.000

2.000

3.000

4.000

5.000

0.0 10.0 20.0 30.0 40.0 50.0 60.0

KW

Fu

el

Co

nsu

med

GP

H

.

HP vs SFC

0.2

0.25

0.3

0.35

0.4

0.45

0.5

0 10 20 30 40 50 60 70 80

HP

SF

C (

Lb

/hp

-hr)

.

.

20

Microturbine Genset Advantages

• Smaller, lighter more mobile power – At least 80% lighter than conventional diesel system

– Smaller logistics transportation footprint

– Transportable in more aircraft types, including smaller rotorcraft

• Rugged design – Capable of being used in high shock environment, i.e. off the road, or in high

speed boats, or shocks due to explosive detonations in water or land

• High reliability and low maintenance – No oil change interval, top up as required

– Long life, over 40,000 hrs.

– Minimal on location maintenance

• Air filter cleaning when prompted by system

• Fuel consumption on par with diesels of similar size – No increase in fuel logistics tail required for fuel stocks

High power density in a smaller, more mobile package

Summary and Conclusions

22

Summary and Conclusions

• Increased deployment of modern warfare systems will require more power generation capability in the field to support the Warfighter

– Candent’s advanced turbine technology provides viable solutions

• Lighter, smaller, highly mobile systems

• Multi-fuel capable systems provide high flexibility

• Cost effective and competitive

• Technology is applicable to microturbine sizes from 20kW to 350kW, and in larger sizes up to 2.25MW

• Physical size enables installation in :

– Small land vehicles such as the HMMWV or the MRAP

– Small boats such as the 11m RIB / CCM, SOC-R, USV, or Mark V / CCH types, or similar sizes

– Large naval vessels

• Candent gas turbine technology is cost effective and competitive

– Acquisition costs competitive with similar power diesel systems

– Turbine system Life Cycle Cost is lower due to longer TBO’s and substantially lower scheduled and unscheduled maintenance costs

– Turbine system substantially enhances maintainability, supportability and readiness

Gas turbine based gensets offer viable, highly reliable,

highly mobile, cost effective high power density solutions

Contact Information

Hernando Munevar

President & CEO

317-336-4478

hmunevar@candent-technologies.com

Manny Papandreas

Vice President Engineering

317-336-4477

mannyp@candent-technologies.com

Candent Technologies, Inc.

6107 West Airport Blvd, Suite 190

Greenfield, Indiana 46140

www.candent-technologies.com