Ultrasound Guided HIFU Ablation (USgFUS)amos3.aapm.org/abstracts/pdf/77-22606-310436-101866.pdf ·...
Transcript of Ultrasound Guided HIFU Ablation (USgFUS)amos3.aapm.org/abstracts/pdf/77-22606-310436-101866.pdf ·...
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Ultrasound Guided HIFU Ablation
(USgFUS)
Mark Carol, M.D. Chief Development Officer
SonaCare Medical AAPM 2013
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SONACARE
Sonablate
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See Treat Track
Multi-Functional HIFU Probe “See, Treat, and Track”
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Most HIFU systems deliver a series of discrete ablations or “shots”
Each shot is delivered in 3 seconds
3 - 6 second pause after shot allows for imaging and tissue cooling
Staggered pattern of shot dispersion allows cooling of tissue
Probe cooled with chilled water
HIFU Discrete Delivery
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It is possible to deliver heat continuously, moving the focal point over volume of tissue to be ablated
Tissue back to surface of the probe is destroyed eliminating need for probe cooling and pauses for cooling
Elimination of “active” cooling results in a more efficient treatment delivery (3 – 6x)
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HIFU Continuous Delivery
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Therapy Crystals
Imaging Crystal
Sonatherm Laparoscopic Probe Tip • Three (3) distinct operating crystals (one imaging and two therapy) • Robotic scanning of transducers for volumetric imaging & ablation
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Sonatherm Integrated Imaging/Therapy
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Focal Length: 35 mm Lesion Depth: 30 mm (maximum) Lesion L/W: 30 x 7 mm (maximum) Imaging f: 6.5 MHz Therapy f: 4 MHz Max Output: 35 watts Lesion Shape: Sector Treatment Times: 10 min for 12 cc lesion (2 cm x 2 cm x 3 cm) 30 min for 35 cc lesion (Sonablate = 180 min)
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Sonatherm Characteristics
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Sonatherm Ex-Vivo
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- Image Fusion for localization and targeting - Treatment Planning - Treatment Delivery - Temperature Monitoring - Tissue Typing
Role of US HIFU Ablation
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Road Runner Localization
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Image-guided Targeting of Tumors
University College London (UCL), United Kingdom UCL Centre for Medical Image Computing
UCL Department of Medical Physics & Bioengineering
UCL Division of Surgery & Interventional Science
IMAGE FUSION SmartTarget
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• Automatic, deformable image registration/fusion Compensates for shape changes due to ultrasound probe pressure and
gland swelling
• Accuracy Error of 2.4mm >90% hit rate for a 0.5cc spherical tumour
*Hu et al. Medical Image Analysis (2012)
• Simple workflow Minimal user interaction during a surgical procedure
• Versatility Configurable for use with biopsy and all minimally-invasive therapies
including HIFU
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IMAGE FUSION SmartTarget
*Patent Pending
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• Volumetric model
• Deformation aspects
• Statistical shape analysis
• 3D organ models
SmartTarget ®
3D Deformable Model
Sonablate® New Software Development
Courtesy of Professor Mark Emberton, M.D., University College London
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1. MR Analysis & Contouring
2. Deformable Model Generation
3. Acquire 3D TRUS Image
5. Targeted Therapy Planning & Delivery
4. Register Model to 3D TRUS Image
Before Procedure (Steps 1-3)
During Procedure (Steps 4-5)
4a. Load 3D US volume file
4b. Load Deformable Model
4c. Define Volume Points in US Image
4d. Register Model to 3D US Image
4e. Export Tumor Data File
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IMAGE FUSION SmartTarget
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Export image volume to SmartTarget
IMAGE FUSION Sonaplan
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Mark positions on prostate capsule
IMAGE FUSION Sonaplan
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Register MRI to US with SmartTarget
IMAGE FUSION Sonaplan
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- Image Fusion for localization and targeting - Treatment Planning - Treatment Delivery - Temperature Monitoring - Tissue Typing
Role of US Imaging HIFU Ablation
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Import structures into SonaPlan
IMAGE FUSION Sonaplan
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View of target on planning screen
IMAGE FUSION Sonaplan
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Outline with desired margin
IMAGE FUSION Sonaplan
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Complete treatment plan
IMAGE FUSION Sonaplan
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US-based Planning
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- Image Fusion for localization and targeting - Treatment Planning - Treatment Delivery - Temperature Monitoring - Tissue Typing
Role of US HIFU Ablation
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Sonatherm Treatment
Image update during HIFU
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Image update during HIFU
Sonatherm Treatment
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Image update during HIFU
Sonatherm Treatment
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Ablation Complete
Sonatherm Treatment
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- Image Fusion for localization and targeting - Treatment Planning - Treatment Delivery - Temperature Monitoring - Tissue Typing
Role of US HIFU Ablation
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MR thermometry for continuous temperature feedback
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Attenuation Coefficient Vs temperature for Dog
Muscle, Liver, and Kidney Tissue In Vitro
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 65 70 75
Temperature (°C)
Att
en
ua
tio
n C
oe
ffic
ien
t (N
p/m
/MH
z)
Muscle
Liver
Kidney
Attenuation
increases with
temperature
as tissue
become
necrotic
INCREASED ATTENUATION DUE TO TISSUE TEMPERATURE ELEVATION
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Temperature Change Monitoring (T C M)
C. DAMIANOU & N.T. SANGHVI – 1994 JASA – 102, 1997
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- Spectral analysis on RF backscattered (pulse-echo) ultrasound signals acquired before and immediately following HIFU exposure
- Analysis generates energy spectra of signals - Difference used as estimator for changes in tissue temperature
TCM Zones Average Temperature Difference
between Calculated (linear
fitted) and Measured (oC)
Standard Deviation Difference
between Calculated (linear
fitted) and Measured (oC)
Green 2.8 2.0
Yellow 5.2 4.7
Orange 7.7 6.7
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*Patented
Temperature Change Monitoring (T C M)
Not Cleared For Use
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Temperature Change Monitoring (T C M)
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First Pass Second Pass
Courtesy – Dr. G. M. Suarez, MD
Clinical Example of Second “Pass“ with HIFU
Replacing “Greens“ with “Yellow/Orange“
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Temperature Change Monitoring (T C M)
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- Treatment Planning - Image Fusion for localization and targeting - Treatment Delivery - Temperature Monitoring - Tissue Typing
Role of US HIFU Ablation
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Use of Ultrasound Pulse-Echo (RF) data for Quantitative
Features Analysis
Parametric Image
Display of PCa in Real Time
Histology of the same prostate
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Anterior Tumor: 3-D Image (base view)
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Transitional epithelium
Adventitia
Detrusor Muscle
Use of Ultrasound for Anatomic
Feature Analysis
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USgFUS Complementary to Existing Approaches
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Final Thoughts Cost of Health Care