Ultrasound for Cooling Water ApplicationUltrasound for Cooling Water Application February 2, 2007...
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WINTECS Ultrasound for Cooling Water Application February 2, 2007 February 2, 2007 WINTECS CORPORATION WINTECS CORPORATION Consultant & Engineering Consultant & Engineering
Transcript of Ultrasound for Cooling Water ApplicationUltrasound for Cooling Water Application February 2, 2007...
WINTECS
Ultrasound for Cooling Water Application
February 2, 2007February 2, 2007WINTECS CORPORATIONWINTECS CORPORATION
Consultant & EngineeringConsultant & Engineering
WINTECS
Cooling water System on Air conditioning
Chiller
Drift with Legionella Bacteria
Cooled air
AHU (Air handling unit)
Cooling tower
Cooling water
Chilled water
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Cooling Tower (Hospital) Drift
Inside of Tower
Circulating water : 1,000 tons/hHolding water : 25m3
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Scale & Deposit problem
Scale formed in condenser tube
Heavily scaled pipeHeavily fouledChiller condenser
From Betz Water handbook
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Corrosion problem
Inside of Condenser tube
Pitting corrosion Pin hole
Copper Corrosion
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Algae growth and Biofouling
Cooling tower pond
Upper basin
Bio-fouled sludge in pond
From Betz Water handbook
Algae growth
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Legionella
Legionella
Biofilm
• Rivers, lakes, sediment, sludge, scale, soils, organically-rich environments
• Growth between 68 - 113 F– dormant @ lower temperatures and does not
survive above 140 F
• Aerobic, parasitic, protozoonotic
Legionella is a major cooling water treatment control issue.Biofilm provides an environment for its rapidgrowth, then releases it into bulk water.
Legionella Ecology
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! Initial population
! 2 Days later
! 4 Days later– A protective biofilm is formed– Film thickness can be 100
microns
Biofilm Grows Exponentially On Surfaces
- Only two hours contact
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Substrate
Organic Conditioning
Film
Bacterial Cells
Bio
film
Extracellular Polymeric Substance
(EPS)
Biofilm section observation
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MSU Center for Biofilm Engineering
Biofilm Forming Process - Stage 1
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MSU Center for Biofilm Engineering
Biofilm Forming Process - Stage 2
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MSU Center for Biofilm Engineering
Biofilm Forming Process - Stage 3
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" Most biocides were designed to kill planktonic (free floating) cells
" Trends in water treatment inhibit biocide performance
BULK LIQUID
• Most (99%) microorganisms are on surfaces and in aggregates• Biofilm and cell aggregates are root causes of most problems
Biofilm The fact of life
MSU Center for Biofilm Engineering
SUBSTRATUM
WINTECS
Cooling tower
Chiller
Makeup water
Corrosion/Scale Inhibitor
Conductivity sensor
BiocideAlgaecide
T
Redox (ORP)ControllerConductivity Controller
Interlock
Bleed solenoid valve
Chemical Treatment
Bleed
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Problem on conventional cooling water treatment
! Corrosion of cooling water mild steel pipe can be protected by corrosion inhibitor dosing, but condenser tube (copper tube) canundergo serious pitting corrosion caused by Microbiologically Influenced Corrosion (MIC) with improper microbiologic treatment due to poor biocide selection or incorrect operation of dosing timer.
! Legionella bacteria halogen (Chlorine or Bromine, etc.) treatment at higher dosage rates cooling water treatment, can sometimes accelerate corrosion problems. Ultrasound application would be expected to minimize the corrosion risk and simultaneously reduce consumption of halogen dosing.
! Higher water reuse and recycle trends predominant in the microelectronic industry, prefer alternative treatment like ultrasound, ozone and UV more so than chemical treatment.
WINTECS
Ultrasonic LG XL
Cooling Tower for LG-XL Evaluation Inside of Tower Pit bottom
Ultrasonic beam seems to be not reachedto the end of pit, but cooling water is circulatedall the time.
Holding water : 18m3Circulating water : 900 t/hr
July 06,2006
WINTECS R-1 Control Cooling Tower (No LG Treated)
- Tower pit looks very dirty because of standby in winter time.
- Oxidizing Biocide has been fed by timer several times in a day.
- Organic Bromine Biocide test started from July 21st.
Black sludge is covered the bottom of the pit.
July 24th, 2006
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R-1 Chiller (No LG Treated)
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Con
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ivity
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Conductivity Redox Conc. Of Corrosion Inhibitor
Stabilized Bromine treatment
Control test started
DBNPA test started
Oxiding Biocide has been dosed every day, but Redox was low all the time.
Conductivity is very stable.
WINTECSR-2 Cooling Tower LG XL Treated
Dip slide bacteria test : 1,000-10,000 FCU/ml
July 24th, 2006
Sampled July 14th
Bacteria count seems to be lower even without Biocide dosing
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1 weeks later 3 weeks later
Started
July 6, 2006
July 24, 2006July 14,2006
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3 weeks later
Started
1 week later
A lot of foaming observed
July 06,2006
July 14,2006
July 24,2006
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R-2 Chiller (LG XL Ultrasonic Treated)
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Con
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ivity
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cm
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350
mV,
ppm
Conductivity Redox Conc. Of Corrosion Inhibitor
LG XL Test Started
Set point of Conductivity was low andthe load was still lower in June, Redoxtends increasing because of fresh watermade up.
Redox is increasing time to time
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July 31st, 2006 R-2 LG XL Ultrasonic Treated
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Bacteria Counts measurement
Sampled July 14th
R-2
Sampled July 28th
R-1
Bacterial count is lower than two weeks ago.
R-2
With Chemical Treatment
LG Sonic treated LG Sonic treated
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R-2 Water Quality trend
R-2 Chiller (LG XL Ultrasonic Treated)
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Con
duct
ivity
μs/
cm
0
50
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150
200
250
300
350
mV,
ppm
Conductivity Redox Conc. Of Corrosion Inhibitor
LG XL Test Started
Set point of Conductivity was low andthe load was still lower in June, Redoxtends increasing because of fresh watermade up.
Redox tends increasing
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Legionella Count Measurement
Legionella bacteria was determined as following;
(Sampled July 31)R-1 DBNPA treatment 300 CFU/100mLR-2 LG treatment 110 CFU/100mL
(Sampled Aug 03)R-1 DBNPA treatment 150 CFU/100mLR-2 LG treatment 50 CFU/100mL
(Sampled Aug 08)R-1 DBNPA treatment 120 CFU/100mLR-2 LG treatment 80 CFU/100mL
R-2 result shows that Ultrasonic is able to control Bacteria, eveneffective for Legionella by controlling biofilm formation.
Limitation : <100CFU/100mL
WINTECS
August 15, 2006
July 31
Aug 15July 24
A week after stopped LG XL treatment
New Algae has been grown
Aug 15 Aug 15
3 weeks later with LG treatment
4 weeks later with LG XL treatment
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520
570
620
670
720
07/2
0/20
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:50
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1/20
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:15
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2/20
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3:22
:41
07/2
2/20
06 2
1:29
:10
07/2
3/20
06 1
5:35
:28
07/2
4/20
06 0
9:41
:38
07/2
5/20
06 0
3:48
:02
07/2
5/20
06 2
1:54
:16
07/2
6/20
06 1
6:00
:41
07/2
7/20
06 1
0:07
:04
07/2
8/20
06 0
4:13
:13
07/2
8/20
06 2
2:19
:38
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9/20
06 1
6:25
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07/3
0/20
06 1
0:32
:36
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1/20
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4:38
:57
07/3
1/20
06 2
2:45
:39
08/0
1/20
06 1
6:52
:12
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2/20
06 1
0:58
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3/20
06 0
5:05
:22
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7:18
:18
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1:24
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:03
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:08
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8:08
:29
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1/20
06 1
2:14
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06 0
6:21
:04
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3/20
06 0
0:27
:21
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3/20
06 1
8:33
:34
08/1
4/20
06 1
2:39
:42
08/1
5/20
06 0
6:43
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6/20
06 0
0:49
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08/1
6/20
06 1
8:56
:05
08/1
7/20
06 1
3:02
:14
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06 0
7:08
:37
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9/20
06 0
1:14
:50
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9:21
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7:34
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Corrosion Inhibitor
ORP
Conductivity
DBNPA Treatment(Jul 21- Aug 8)
No Biocide treated DBNPA startedagain
R- 1 Tower
ORP trend on R-1 Decreased after DBNPA treatment
WINTECS
720
740
760
780
800
820
840
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:30
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9:35
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06 0
3:01
:44
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3/20
06 2
0:27
:39
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4/20
06 1
3:53
:41
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5/20
06 0
7:19
:35
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6/20
06 0
0:45
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06 1
8:11
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7/20
06 1
1:37
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8/20
06 0
5:03
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2:29
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07/2
9/20
06 1
5:55
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7:55
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:10
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1:55
:51
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5:21
:26
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06 0
8:47
:00
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06 0
2:12
:36
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06 1
9:38
:09
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7/20
06 1
3:03
:51
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06 0
6:29
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3:55
:15
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:10 0
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Corrosion Inhibotor
LG Ultra Sonic Treatment(Jul 5 - Aug 8)
ORP
Conductiity R- 2 Tower
Wothout LG and Biocide
ORP on R-2 Showed Little Change After LG XL Treatment
WINTECS
Another Trial: Small Cooling Tower
-Operation Condition : Operated from June to October Recycled water (RO treated water, having Conductivity of 6-8ms/m) is supplied under the concentration cycle of 3-4, in set point 20ms/m Conductivity controller.
- Location : C-1 Cooling tower has the location having most sunlight in 3 Cooling towers on this building..
- Capacity : 120 USRT Chilling Unit having 1.5 m3 holding water in the system
- Chemical Treatment:
Stabilized Bromine as Biocide (Stopped during this evaluation)
Phosphonate, Polyacrylate, Corrosion Inhibitor maintained 100ppm level in cooling water.
WINTECS2-2C C-1 (started test in August 7)
Drain stream of Cooling tower bleed
- Algae grows in pit and on the wall.
- Bleed water stream shows very heavy algae growth.
XL
WINTECS2-2C C-1 (September 9)
- Much of the algae removed.- Drain stream algae was also reduced.
XL
WINTECS2-2C C-1 (September 12)
August 07
XL
WINTECS 2-2C C-2 Cooling tower (September 12)With chemical treatment
WINTECS
Bacterial Count Test (August 29)
C-1 Cooling Tower
(with LG Ultrasonic)C-2 Cooling Tower
(with Chemical Treatment)
WINTECS
Discussion for Large Cooling Tower SystemBasin material is FRP with framed steel structureLG Tank or XL
8m
5m
2m
５０－８０ｍ toHeat exchangersAnd return to Cooling towers Pump
80m3
Header
Total holding water : 400m3Circulating water amount : 8,000 tons/h
WINTECS
Steel Frame
Cooling tower
Return Header
Example of Big Cooling Tower
WINTECS
Inside of Cooling tower pond
Makeup water
Overflow Eliminator
Pond
WINTECS
CT-3 CT-2 CT-1
Cooling tower pond wall
Cooling water
CT-3 CT-2 CT-１Contamination level ofCooling water and tower pond wall
Co-gen cooling tower
WINTECS
Bacteria Fungi
Bacteria
FungiE-Coli
Cooling water Cooling waterTower wall Tower wall
Palintest(UK)
Bio-check(Japanese)
１００CFU
<１００CFU
１０,０00CFU
１０,０00CFU
１,０00CFU
Cooling water Cooling waterTower wall Tower wall
Staphylococcus
WINTECS
Possibility & Expectation
! LG Sound Ultrasonic products control bacteria population in cooling tower systems by severely inhibiting biofilm formation providing a large market potential in cooling water treatment applications.
! It is well known that Legionella propagate by reproduction within larger bacterium hosts as a parasitic organism. Biofilm reduction in these systems by ultrasonic treatment lowers the probability of Legionella finding a suitable host, thus reducing their numbers.
! Air conditioning small cooling towers (100-1000 USRT) are easily treated by ultrasonic treatment. Larger more complex towers will require multiple units for coverage.
! Ultrasound treatment impact on reduced biofilm growth can significantly reduce overall chemical treatment costs.
