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Transcript of UK Approach to National Security 19 Jan 11. > Our approach > National Security Strategy > Strategic...
![Page 1: UK Approach to National Security 19 Jan 11. > Our approach > National Security Strategy > Strategic Defence and Security Review - SDSR Content.](https://reader030.fdocuments.in/reader030/viewer/2022032723/56649cfd5503460f949cd5e8/html5/thumbnails/1.jpg)
UK Approach to National Security
19 Jan 11
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> Our approach> National Security Strategy> Strategic Defence and Security Review -
SDSR
Content
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Approach
> Defence as part of National Security> Afghanistan> Trident Value for Money Study> Defence Reform Unit> Regular Reviews
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> Strategic Context> Britain’s Distinctive Role> National Security Risk Assessment> Adaptable Britain> National Security Tasks & Planning Guidelines
National Security Strategy
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> Strategic Context
– Terrorism - international and NI-related– Changing character of conflict– Increasingly multi-polar and interconnected– Scientific and technological innovation– Social and demographic trends– Climate change and natural resources
National Security Strategy
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> Britain’s Distinctive Role
– Connected and at the heart of many global networks– Role in international affairs– Enlightened national self-interest– Openness exposes us to risks and opportunities– Our response - 2 strategic objectives:
• A secure and resilient UK• Shaping a stable world
National Security Strategy
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> National Security Risk Assessment
– Domestic and overseas; 5 and 20 years– Likelihood and impact– Vulnerability– Tier 1 risks:
• Cyber• International military crisis• International terrorism• Major accident or natural hazard
National Security Strategy
--
Likelihood
Impact
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> Adaptable Britain
– Respond to highest priority risks– Respond to low probability but very high impact risks– Focus on upstream activity– Retain a broad spectrum of security and defence
capabilities– Strengthen relationships with key allies– Coordinate and integrate whole of Government
response
National Security Strategy
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> National Security Tasks & Planning Guidelines– Identify and monitor risks and opportunities;– Tackle the causes of instability;– Exert influence;– Enforce domestic law and strengthen international norms;– Protect the UK and our interests at home, at our border, and
internationally;– Help resolve conflicts and contribute to stability. Where necessary,
intervene overseas;– Provide resilience;– Work in alliances and partnerships.
National Security Strategy
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> Process> Principles> Military Tasks> Planning Assumptions> Force Structure> Decisions
SDSR
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Phase 1 - Policy Baseline
Publication
Phase 3 - Force Testing
Phase 6 - Implementation
Policy and Capability StudiesPolicy and Capability StudiesPhase 2 - Policy and Capability Studies
May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Phase 4 - Synthesis and
Costing
Phase 5 - Decision and Presentation
SDSR Process
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May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec
Phase 1 - Policy Baseline
Publication
Phase 3 - Force Testing
Phase 6 - Implementation
Policy and Capability StudiesPolicy and Capability
StudiesPhase 2 - Policy and Capability
Studies
Phase 4 - Synthesis and
Costing
Phase 5 - Decision and Presentation
SDSR Wider Process
Green Paper
Future Character of Conflict
Jul 09 Feb 10
Feb 09 Feb 10
Global Strategic Trends
mid-08 Feb 10
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> Use of Armed Forces> National interest> Upstream activity> Flexibility
Principles
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> Providing strategic intelligence> Providing nuclear deterrence> Defending the UK and its Overseas Territories> Supporting civil emergency organisations in times of crisis> Providing a Defence contribution to UK influence> Defending our interests by projecting power strategically
and through expeditionary interventions> Providing security for stabilisation
Military Tasks
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Policy ChoicesPrioritise Capabilities and shape the force structure to achieve affordability
Homeland Influence Intervention Stabilisation
Matching Resource to Aspiration
Increasing Levels ofAmbition
Developing the Policy Response
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The Armed Forces in the future will be sized and shaped to conduct:
• an enduring stabilisation operation at around brigade level (up to 6,500 personnel) with maritime and air support as required, while also conducting:
• one non-enduring complex intervention (up to 2,000 personnel), and• one non-enduring simple intervention (up to 1,000 personnel);
OR alternatively:• three non-enduring operations if we were not already engaged in an enduring
operation;
OR: • for a limited time, and with sufficient warning, committing all our effort to a
one-off intervention of up to three brigades, with maritime and air support (around 30,000, two-thirds of the force deployed to Iraq in 2003).
Defence Planning Assumptions
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Future Force 2020
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> Maritime defence of the UK and Overseas Territories> Nuclear Continuous at Sea Deterrence (CASD)> Credible and capable presence in priority regions> Strike – carrier strike and submarine (TLAM)
Future Force 2020> Single operational carrier; 2nd at extended readiness> 4 Vanguard SSBN and 7 Astute SSN submarines> 19 Destroyers/Frigates> 14 MCMV plus logistic support and RORO ferries> 3 Commando Brigade and Commando Helicopter Force Merlins> c30,000 by 2015; 29,000 by 2020
Royal Navy
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Reductions
> Decommission HMS Ark Royal> Decommission HMS Illustrious> Decommission 4 frigates and a Bay-class amphibious
support ship> Place an amphibious landing ship (HMS Albion or
Bulwark) at extended readiness
Royal Navy
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> Standing commitments eg bomb disposal and Falklands> Light specialist forces for short interventions> Multi-role forces for more complex interventions or enduring
stabilisation operations> The ability to command coalitions
Future Force 2020> 5 x multi-role brigades and 16 Air Assault Brigade> Approx 1/3 less heavy armour; but buying FRES Specialist and
Utility Variants> “Best Effort” deployment of 3 brigades> c95,000 by 2015; 94,000 by 2020
Army
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Reductions
> Challenger 2 tanks by around 40%> AS90 heavy artillery by around 35%> One deployable brigade (as we restructure to 5 multi-role
brigades)> Significantly reduce non-deployable regional command
structure> Rationalise deployable headquarters
Army
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> Air defence of the UK, Falklands and deployed forces> Credible and capable combat air presence> Expeditionary combat air incl strategic and tactical airlift> ISTAR and RAF Regiment ground units
Future Force 2020> Typhoon and JSF (Carrier Variant - jointly operated by RN & RAF)> C17, A400M, Airbus A330 transport/tanker> Chinook, Puma, Merlin> E3D Sentry, Rivet Joint, UAVs> c33,000 by 2015; 31,500 by 2020
Royal Air Force
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Reductions
> Remove Joint Force Harrier (RN/RAF) in 2011> Do not bring the Nimrod MRA4 into service> Reduce VC-10 to refuelling role, and aim to withdraw by
2013> Remove 3 variants of Tristar from 2013> Withdraw C130J by 2022> Withdraw Sentinel once it is no longer required in
Afghanistan
Royal Air Force
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> Commitment to continuous at sea submarine-based deterrent
> 1st new submarine in 2028; decision needed 2016> 8 missile tubes (vice 12)> 40 warheads per submarine (vice 48)> No more than 180 warheads (vice 225); decision on replacement
needed 2019> £3 Bn cost reduction over 10 years
Strategic Nuclear Deterrent
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> Contribute to a wide range of intervention and stabilisation operations, as well as other commitments
> Maintain regular SF front line units> Significantly enhance support capabilities
Special Forces
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> New UK Defence Cyber Operations Group
– Cyber operations will be conducted in parallel with more conventional actions in the maritime, land and air domains
– Mainstream cyber throughout Defence activities– A cadre of experts to secure our own networks and
develop new capabilities– Integrated planning, training and exercises– Close relationships across Government, with Allies
and with industry
Cyber
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> Decrease by 25,000 to 60,000 by 2015
– Natural turnover– Limited external recruitment– Early release programme– Consultation with Trades Unions
Civil Service
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> Armed Forces Covenant> Defence Estate
Other
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Alliances & Partnerships
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> New models of bilateral cooperation:– Greater reliance on capability, role sharing and equipment
collaboration with close Allies– Reinforced relationship with US – Intensified cooperation with France– Greater cooperation with regional partners to shared security
concerns> Enhance effectiveness of multilateral cooperation:
– UN - improve effectiveness, conflict prevention focus, coordination with NATO/EU and cyber cooperation;
– NATO reform - support Strategic Concept, NATO reform, EU/NATO cooperation
– EU - continue enlargement; focus resources on support to (civilian and military) missions.
Alliances & Partnerships
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> Strategy for Defence> Technical Instruction> Defence Strategic Direction> Defence Industrial Strategy> Review of Reserves
Implementation
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> Uncertainty: adaptability; readiness> Future Conflict: intelligence; precision; mobility> Independence: UK; Overseas Territories> Multilateralism: risk management> Combat Focused: reductions in non-front line areas> Affordability
SDSR Themes
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Questions