UI Canola Rapeseed and Mustard Program Update

February 22, 2018

Jack Brown, Megan WingersonAshley Job, and Jim B. Davis

U.S. DOE/USDA-NIFAPlant Feedstock Genomics for Bioenergy

USDA-NIFA Supplemental and Alternative CropsCompetitive (SACC) Grants Program

Idaho Oilseed CommissionDeveloping cultivars … with improved seed oil and meal quality…

Washington & Idaho Oilseed CommissionsSensitivity of spring canola to low soil pH…

Current Projects

Developing non-food grade Brassica biofuel feedstock cultivars with high yield, oil content, and oil

quality the are suitable for low input dryland production systems.

Jack Brown1, Jim B. Davis1, Aaron Esser2, Kurt Schroeder1, Fangming Xiao1, and Zhiwu Zhang2

1University of Idaho, 2Washington State University.

Biofuel Project Objectives Develop superior non-food grade winter (B. napus)

and spring (B. napus and B. juncea) oilseed cultivars suitable the PNW.

Dissect genetic architecture of industrial Brassica oilseed germplasm ... through a genome-wide association.

Develop and apply marker-assisted genomic selection techniques for blackleg resistance.

Identify the putative PRR (pattern recognition receptor) - type resistance genes that confer durable resistance to blackleg and generate resistant non-food oilseed lines.

Improving canola production and production systems with genetic and

agronomic advances to increase canola acreage in the Pacific Northwest.

Jack Brown1, Jim B. Davis1, Kate Painter1, Kurt Schroeder1, Fangming Xiao1, Aaron Esser2, Bill Pan2,

Karen Sowers2, Don Wysoci3, and Chengci Chen4

1University of Idaho, 2Washington State University, 3Oregon State University, 4Montana State University.

Develop New VarietiesTest New and Existing VarietiesQuantify Rotational BenefitsSurvey Blackleg in Northern IdahoExamine Agronomics

Winter canola rowspacing and seeding rateProvide Outreach to Growers

Presentations and a Growers’ Guide

Objectives

Abiotic Stress Resistance Generated transgenic

canola plants over-expressing BnRC12A and AtRC12A genes by Agrobacterium -mediated transformation and tissue culture.

Two transgenic canola lines overexpressing AtRC12A gene have been generated. Vernalized 35S::AtRC12 transgenic

canola plants in green house

Spring Varieties

Empire - Conventional canolaCara - Group 2 herbicide resistant canolaIndiGold - Group 2 resistant oriental mustardWhite Gold - White flowered yellow mustard

Recent Cultivar Releases

Spring Varieties

07.IR.7.8.8.7 - Group 2 resistant Roundup Readycanola

07.IR.1.5.4.5 - Group 2 resistant Roundup Readyindustrial rapeseed

SI.8.A10 - Conventional industrial rapeseedBJ.BI.1.2.2 - Group 2 resistant brown mustard

Potential Cultivar Releases

Winter Varieties

06.WC.1 - Conventional Canola05.WC.15.7.5 - Group 2 herbicide resistant canola05.WI.45.2.2 - Group 2 herbicide resistant rapeseed

Potential Cultivar Releases

http://www.cals.uidaho.edu/brassica/http://css.wsu.edu/oilseeds/

Crop Rotation Trials

Study Site Year 0 Year 1 Year 2

ID Spring Rotation

SpringWheat

Spring canola Winter wheat

(SWWW)

Spring peaSpring barleySpring wheat

ID Winter Rotation

Winter wheat

Winter canola Winter wheat

(SWWW)

Austrian winter peaWinter wheat

Fallow

WA Spring Rotation

Spring barley

Spring canola Winter wheat

(HRWW)Spring wheat

Spring Garbanzo

Crop Rotation Trials

Previous Crop Infiltration Rate

Surface Spread

-- liter/hour -- --- inch2 --Spring Barley 5.47 a 16.3 a

Spring Wheat 6.03 a 13.8 a

Green Pea 6.46 a 13.5 a

Spring Canola 14.34 b 5.4 b

Spring Crops

Previous Crop Infiltration Rate

Surface Spread

-- liter/hour -- --- inch2 --Winter Wheat 5.53 a 29.0 b

AWP 6.57 a 16.7 c

Fallow 2.27 a 67.2 a

Winter Canola 23.27 b 21.7 c

Winter Crops

Blackleg Survey SitesLatah

Nez Perce

Lewis

Clearwater

Summary of Survey50 Locations surveyed Blackleg confirmed at 39

locations (78%)

128 isolates of L. maculans15 races

10 isolates of L. biglobosa.

Confirmed by pathogenicity tests and PCR.

65 62

L. maculansmating types

Type 1 Type 2

Winter Canola Blackleg Trial

Only mild lesions found at harvest. In both sprayed and non-sprayed plots.

Treatment Lesions Nov 2016

Lesions Apr 2017 Seed Yield

- 1 to 5, 5 = severe - - lbs/acre -

PriaxorFungicide 1.2 b 2.7 b 5,183

No Fungicide 3.8 a 3.6 a 5,110

Winter Canola Agronomic Trial

Rowspacing/Seeding Rate Trial Two widths: 10-inch, 20-inchTwo rates: 3 lbs/acre, 5 lbs/acreTwo planting times: Late July, Late AugustTwo locations: Moscow, GeneseeFour years: 2015, 2016, 2017, 2018Four varieties (Amanda, Mercedes

HyCLASS 125W, WC.15.7.5)

TreatmentRowspacing 10-inch 20-inch

Yield (lbs/acre) 3,601 3,555

Seeding Rate 3 lbs 5 lbs

Yield (lbs/acre) 3,544 3,613

Rowspacing/Seeding Rate

Cold & Drought Tolerance

Developing cold- and drought-tolerant canola varieties that efficiently utilize water and express extreme winter hardiness is major goal.The RC12A gene is known to play a

significant role in abiotic stress. The RC12A gene encodes for a plasma

membrane-related protein that is specifically related to cold stress tolerance.

We generated the necessary cDNA’s from both Arabidopsis and canola plants.We generated plant expression constructs

overexpressing RC12A genes (Canola RC12Agene (BnRC12A) and Arabidopsis RC12A (AtRC12A)) under the control of the strong CaMV 35S promoter.

promoter

35S Pro BnRC12A-HA NOS-ter

Constructs used for generation of transgenic canola

RC12A gene terminator

35S Pro AtRC12A-HA NOS-ter

Cold & Drought Tolerance

Spring Crop Rotation Effects- Idaho Spring Rotation

CropWinter Wheat

Crop 2-year

Crop YieldGross Return Yield

Gross Return

Gross Return

- lb a-1 - - $ a-1 - - bu a-1 - - $ a-1 - - $ a-1 -Canola 3,032 b $570 96 a $465 $1,035Wheat 5,205 a $421 85 b $411 $832Barley 5,554 a $319 83 b $403 $723Pea 1,662 c $158 76 c $370 $528

Wheat 4.85buCanola 0.188lbPea 0.095lbBarley 115ton

Winter wheat after spring canola 14% higher yield

Spring Rotation Crop

Spring Wheat Crop 2-year

Crops YieldGross Return Yield

Gross Return

Gross Return

- lbs. a-1 - -$ a-1 - - bu a-1 - -$ a-1 - -$ a-1 -Wheat 3,779a $305 63b $306 $612Canola 1,835b $345 73a $356 $701Garbanzo 1,794b $646 71a $342 $988

Wheat $4.85 buCanola $0.188 lbGarbanzo $36.0 cwt

Spring wheat after spring canola 16% higher yield

Spring Crop Rotation Effects - Washington

Winter Crop Rotation Effects

Winter Rotation Crop

Winter Wheat Crop 2-year

Crop YieldGross Return Yield

Gross Return

Gross Return

- lb a-1 - - $ a-1 - - bu a-1 - - $ a-1 - - $ a-1 -Canola 3,146 b $616 128 a $524 $1,141Wheat 6,360 a $436 101 b $414 $850A.W. Pea 1,530 c $428 131 a $544 $972Fallow 0 d $0 108 c $449 $449

Wheat 4.10buCanola 0.196lbA.W. Pea 0.280lb

Winter wheat after winter canola 26% higher yield

Row Spacing/Seeding Rate

Row Spacing/Seeding RateRow Spacing/Seeding Rate

Four cultivars (Amanda, HyClass 125, Mercedes, and WC.15.7.5);

Two planting dates (late June & early August);

August planting only (mowed and not mowed);

Two locations (Moscow & Genesee);Two row spacing (25 cm and 50 cm); Four replicates treatment-1.

Survey the PNW’s potential for development of blackleg.

Objectives

Compile and make available a comprehensive PNW Canola Production Manual to growers and local industry to allow them to make decisions on how best to utilize winter and spring canola in their existing crop rotation systems.

Objectives

Crop Rotation Effects

Plant Breeding